The global economic context improved modestly in 2024, supported by easing inflation and a rebound in global trade. Kenya’s economy has slowed despite several improving macroeconomic indicators. The external...
This public finance review (PFR) for Kenya aims both to ensure that every tax shilling benefits the Kenyan taxpayer and to inform the development of a fiscal policy that fosters job creation, poverty reduction...
Botswana is one of the most unequal countries in the world, with inequality in per capita consumption more than 30 percent higher than the average for upper-middle-income countries. However, it has moderately...
South Africa is the most unequal country in the world, with inequality in per capita consumption about 50 percent higher than the average for upper-middle-income countries. The country has made little...
The Southern African Customs Union (SACU) is the most unequal region in the world. While there has been some progress in recent years, inequality has remained almost stagnant in the most unequal countries...
Namibia is the second most unequal country in the world, with inequality in per capita consumption about 45 percent higher than the average for upper-middle-income countries. The country has made little...
Lesotho has made considerable progress towards a more equal society. However, although it is more equal than its neighbors, it remains among the top 20 percent of unequal countries. The main sources of...
Eswatini has made the slowest progress in reducing inequality among the Southern African Customs Union (SACU) countries and remains among the top 15 percent of unequal countries. A critical source of inequality...
This report examines progress and challenges in reducing poverty in Lesotho. Lesotho's poverty rate is lower today than it was 15 years ago. However, with a poverty rate of 49.7 percent in 2017, poverty...
This report documents the progress South Africa has made in reducing poverty and inequality since the end of apartheid in 1994, with a focus on the period between 2006 and 2015. The main conclusions are...
Reducing poverty and inequality continues to be an important national priority in Namibia. Vision 2030 – the country’s guiding development strategy – has a subordinate vision that points to several goals:...
