The objective of this Caribbean Climate Innovation Center Project is to strengthen the capacity of the Caribbean Climate Innovation Center (CCIC), which was established by InfoDev in 2013 with a $1.5 million grant from a World Bank Development Grant facility (DGF).
... Vea más + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: strengthen local legislation, as needed, to establish legal recognition of the customary or traditional land tenure systems of Indigenous Peoples; make the development process more inclusive of Indigenous Peoples by incorporating their perspectives in the design of development programs and poverty reduction strategies, and providing them with opportunities to benefit more fully from development programs through policy and legal reforms, capacity building, and free, prior, and informed consultation and participation; support the development priorities of Indigenous Peoples through programs (such as community-driven development programs and locally managed social funds) developed by governments in cooperation with Indigenous Peoples; address the gender and intergenerational issues that exist among many Indigenous Peoples, including the special needs of indigenous women, youth, and children; prepare participatory profiles of Indigenous Peoples to document their culture, demographic structure, gender and intergenerational relations and social organization, institutions, production systems, religious beliefs, and resource use patterns; strengthen the capacity of Indigenous Peoples communities and IPOs to prepare, implement, monitor, and evaluate development programs; and strengthen the capacity of government agencies responsible for providing development services to indigenous peoples.
Ver menos -
Plan para los pueblos indígenas IPP773 FEB 26, 2015
The objective of the Third Regional Development Project for Georgia is to improve infrastructure services and institutional capacity to support the development of a tourism-based economy of the Samtskhe - Javakheti and Mtskheta - Mtianeti regions.
... Vea más + The implementation of the project is expected to improve access, quality and reliability of public infrastructure; increase the volume of private sector investment in the region; and increase points of sales (tourism-related enterprises) in renovated culture heritage sites and cities. Despite challenges of sustaining regional development in Samtskhe - Javakheti and Mtskheta - Mtianeti, due implementation of Regional Development Strategies and Regional Tourism Development Strategies is likely to result in positive environmental outcomes. They are expected from the improvement of waste and wastewater management, application of preventive measures against occurrence and destructive impacts of natural disasters, sustaining use of natural resources, and establishing enhanced system for monitoring key parameters of the environment quality.
Ver menos -
The objective of the Third Regional Development Project for Georgia is to improve infrastructure services and institutional capacity to support the development of a tourism-based economy of the Samtskhe - Javakheti and Mtskheta - Mtianeti regions.
... Vea más + The implementation of the project is expected to improve access, quality and reliability of public infrastructure; increase the volume of private sector investment in the region; and increase points of sales (tourism-related enterprises) in renovated culture heritage sites and cities. Despite challenges of sustaining regional development in Samtskhe - Javakheti and Mtskheta - Mtianeti, due implementation of Regional Development Strategies and Regional Tourism Development Strategies is likely to result in positive environmental outcomes. They are expected from the improvement of waste and wastewater management, application of preventive measures against occurrence and destructive impacts of natural disasters, sustaining use of natural resources, and establishing enhanced system for monitoring key parameters of the environment quality.
Ver menos -
The objective of the Third Regional Development Project for Georgia is to improve infrastructure services and institutional capacity to support the development of a tourism-based economy of the Samtskhe - Javakheti and Mtskheta - Mtianeti regions.
... Vea más + Negative impacts include: (1) loss of agricultural land; (2) loss of residential and non-residential buildings; (3) loss of common property resources; (4) loss of income and livelihood. Mitigation measures include: adequate compensation for loss, self-relocation allowances, reconstruction of the lost common property structures in consultation with community and restoration of their functions.
Ver menos -
The development objectives of the Odra-Vistula Flood Management Project for Poland are to increase access to flood protection for people living in the selected areas of the Odra and the upper Vistula river basins; and to strengthen the institutional capacity of the government to mitigate summer, winter, and flash-floods more effectively.
... Vea más + Some of the negative impacts and mitigation measures include: (1) building a system of integrated water management in the Odra river basin, which will take into account such aspects as flood protection of adjacent areas, protection of the Odra river water quality as well as of the natural and cultural environment; (2) the scope of flood control of the Klodzko valley covers flood protection of the inhabitants (approximate 234,000) and of developed areas of a total area surface of 497 hectors. It comprises protection of humans and animals along with property. The investment provides for the individual protection of approximate 250 households as well; and (3) upper Vistula is located in the area of 3 provinces: Malopolskie, Podkarpackie, and Swietokrzyskie. The planned actions comprise the following components: passive protection of upper Vistula towns and cracow, protection of Sandomierz and Tarnobrzeg, passive and active protection in Raba sub-basin, and passive and active protection in San sub-basin.
Ver menos -
Behavioral economics recognizes that mental models -- intuitive sets of ideas about how things work -- can bias an individual's perceptions of himself and the world.
... Vea más + By representing an ascriptive category of people as unworthy, a mental model can foster unjust social exclusion of, for example, a race, gender, caste, or class. Since the representation is a social construction, shouldn't society be able to control it? But how? This paper considers three interventions that have had some success in developing countries: (1) Group deliberation in Senegal challenged the traditional mental model of female genital cutting and contributed to the abandonment of the practice; (2) political reservations for women and low castes in India improved the way men perceived women, the way parents perceived their daughters, and the way women perceived themselves, but have not generally had positive effects on the low castes; and (3) reductions in the salience of identity closed performance gaps between dominant and stigmatized groups in experiments in India and China. Spoiled collective identities need to be changed or made less prominent in order to overcome social exclusion.
Ver menos -
Documento de trabajo sobre investigaciones relativas a políticas WPS7198 FEB 01, 2015
This report, Europe and Central Asia - Missing Women in the South Caucasus : Local perceptions and proposed solutions, discusses research conducted on skewed sex ratios in the South Caucasus.
... Vea más + It discusses (i) the factors that encourage sex selection in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, (ii) whether and how these might be changing; (iii) public awareness of and attitudes regarding skewed sex rations; and to propose potential policy responses. The report examines the following: factors contributing to smaller families and unbalanced sex rations in the South Caucasus, the reasons for underlying son preference, attitudes toward daughters, factors that make women vulnerable to pressures to produce sons. It also describes how intergenerational and gender relationships are starting to change and proposes some recommendations for addressing the factors that underlie unbalanced sex rations.
Ver menos -
This report, Europe and Central Asia - Missing Women in the South Caucasus : Local perceptions and proposed solutions, discusses research conducted on skewed sex ratios in the South Caucasus.
... Vea más + It discusses (i) the factors that encourage sex selection in Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia, (ii) whether and how these might be changing; (iii) public awareness of and attitudes regarding skewed sex rations; and to propose potential policy responses. The report examines the following: factors contributing to smaller families and unbalanced sex rations in the South Caucasus, the reasons for underlying son preference, attitudes toward daughters, factors that make women vulnerable to pressures to produce sons. It also describes how intergenerational and gender relationships are starting to change and proposes some recommendations for addressing the factors that underlie unbalanced sex rations.
Ver menos -
The extractive industries sector has been vital to the local economy of Papua New Guinea for over 20 years. Extractives have contributed substantially to government revenues but also face challenging social issues and significant environmental impacts in many areas.
... Vea más + A persistent challenge has been ensuring that extractives benefits reach local communities, including women and children. Research shows that benefits tend to be captured by men, while the impacts of social disruption and environmental harm fall most heavily on women and children.
Ver menos -
Every discussion of the Caribbean states considers their characteristics as sea-locked countries, small economies, highly vulnerable to natural disasters, and a geographic platform that calls for regional cooperation and integration.
... Vea más + The Caribbean Sea is the most important vehicle and the most challenging obstacle Caribbean countries have to connect with the world. This report measures and analyzes the Caribbean region's air and maritime connectivity, by taking a sample of 15 countries that represent 64 percent of the Caribbean population and 59 percent of the region's gross domestic product. The report finds that the most salient issue of Caribbean logistics is the huge costs associated with trade, driven by embedded inefficiencies in customs systems and document preparation processes. The report also documents how the Caribbean air transport network is characterized by fierce competition between the islands for tourists from abroad, rather than coordinated efforts to promote Caribbean tourism. This has led to suboptimal routing based on distorting subsidy schemes with often unstainable volumes and load factors, raising questions about the sustainability of many of the extra-Caribbean routes, and indicating a need for route consolidation. Air connectivity within and among Caribbean states is poor and represents an opportunity to develop alternative and more competitive private sector-led services such as inter-island ferries and low-cost air shuttle services. Maritime connectivity for freight is well structured around two coexisting and functional hub-and-spoke systems (intra-regional with a hub in Trinidad and extra-regional with a hub in the Miami area) that effectively serve all the Caribbean countries. Yet, tariffs are high by worldwide standards and are likely driven by high market concentration in a handful of shipping liners.
Ver menos -
Documento de trabajo sobre investigaciones relativas a políticas WPS7169 JAN 01, 2015
Briceno-Garmendia, Cecilia; Bofinger, Heinrich C.; Cubas, Diana; Millan-Placci, Maria Florencia
This newsletter includes the following headings: international comparison program (ICP) in the media; ICP workshops; publications; 46th United Nations Statistical Commission (UNSC) session; and ICP video tutorials.
... Vea más +Ver menos -
The Port-City of Limon Integrated Infrastructure Project for Costa Rica received overall assessments in its implementation and outcomes that left much to be desired.
... Vea más + The multi-sectoral and multi-facted design of the project was overly complex for the Costa Rican context. Given the poor performance of the project, options for full or partial cancellation were considered during the last three years of implementation. The monitoring and evaluation design was considered dismal and inadequate. While the project complied with the Bank's policy and procedural requirements, the overall procurement arrangements were moderately unsatisfactory. The next phase of the project will involve authorities undertaking efforts to consolidate arrangements for operational maintenance of the assets created under the project. The overall outcome rating given was 'Highly Unsatisfactory.' The assessment of risk to development outcome was rated 'High'; the overall bank performance an 'Unsatisfactory'; and overall borrower performance an 'Unsatisfactory.' The lessons learned from this project confirm that the success of failure of a project reaching its development objectives is determined by the quality of the project's conceptual design, its organizational arrangements, and the institutional coordination adopted. Multi-sector projects require a strong and effective interagency coordination backed by top level Government endorsement and accountability.
Ver menos -
Informe final de ejecución y resultados ICR3233 DEC 24, 2014
The objective of the Uttar Pradesh Core Road Network Development Project for India is to design and implement projects in a way that fosters full respect for Indigenous Peoples dignity, human rights, and cultural uniqueness and so that they: (a) receive culturally compatible, gender and inter-generationally inclusive social and economic benefits; and (b) avoid adverse effects during the development process, or if not feasible ensure that these are minimized, mitigated or compensated.
... Vea más + Negative impacts include: though no tribal settlement was identified during rapid assessment, tribal issues were identified through review of secondary information. In order to have a more focused tribal development strategy, these issues have been grouped into: (i) issues that are directly related to the project development for which measures will have to be taken up under the project to address them and (ii) issues which are outside the scope of the project but institutional collaboration could help the tribal in their development. Mitigation measures include: Based on the Operational Policy 4.10 of the World Bank and as one of its significant R&R requirements; special provisions for the Scheduled Tribes (ST) has been made in the project R&R Policy (apart from the general compensation and assistance to be received as Project Affected Persons (PAPs)/Project Affected Households (PAHs)) of this project for loss of assets. Apart from compensation at replacement value and R&R assistance for any adverse impact, each IP family will be entitled for additional INR 50,000 as one time grant. PIU and NGO will counsel every family to ensure that compensation and R&R assistances are used for productive assets.
Ver menos -
Plan para los pueblos indígenas IPP763 DEC 11, 2014
Every policy relies on explicit or implicit assumptions about how people make choices. Those assumptions typically rest on an idealized model of how people think, rather than an understanding of how everyday thinking actually works.
... Vea más + This year's World Development Report argues that a more realistic account of decision-making and behavior will make development policy more effective. The report emphasizes what it calls 'the three marks of everyday thinking. In everyday thinking, people use intuition much more than careful analysis. They employ concepts and tools that prior experience in their cultural world has made familiar. And social emotions and social norms motivate much of what they do. These insights together explain the extraordinary persistence of some social practices, and rapid change in others. They also offer new targets for development policy. A richer understanding of why people save, use preventive health care, work hard, learn, and conserve energy provides a basis for innovative and inexpensive interventions. The insights reveal that poverty not only deprives people of resources but is an environment that shapes decision making, a fact that development projects across the board need to recognize. The insights show that the psychological foundations of decision making emerge at a young age and require social support. The report applies insights from modern behavioral and social sciences to development policies for addressing poverty, finance, productivity, health, children, and climate change. It demonstrates that new policy ideas based on a richer view of decision-making can yield high economic returns. These new policy targets include: 1) the choice architecture (for example, the default option; 2) the scope for social rewards; 3) frames that influence whether or not a norm is activated; 4) information in the form of rules of thumb; and 5) opportunities for experiences that change mental models or social norms. Finally, the report shows that small changes in context have large effects on behavior. As a result, discovering which interventions are most effective, and with which contexts and populations, inherently requires an experimental approach. Rigor is needed for testing the processes for delivering interventions, not just the products that are delivered.
Ver menos -
Informe sobre el desarrollo mundial 92863 NOV 25, 2014