56027 ECONOMIC AND TRADE INDICATORS FOR AFRICA, 1960 TO 2004 Damiano Sandri, Ernesto Valenzuela and Kym Anderson Johns Hopkins University and University of Adelaide dsandri@jhu.edu ernesto.valenzuela@adelaide.edu.au kym.asnderson@adelaide.edu.au December 2007 Agricultural Distortions Working Paper 21, December 2007 This is a product of a research project on Distortions to Agricultural Incentives, under the leadership of Kym Anderson of the World Bank's Development Research Group. The authors are grateful for funding from World Bank Trust Funds provided by the governments of Ireland, Japan, the Netherlands (BNPP) and the United Kingdom (DfID). This Working Paper series is designed to promptly disseminate the findings of work in progress for comment before they are finalized. The views expressed are the authors' alone and not necessarily those of the World Bank and its Executive Directors, nor the countries they represent, nor of the institutions providing funds for this research project. ECONOMIC AND TRADE INDICATORS FOR AFRICA, 1960 TO 2004 Damiano Sandri, Ernesto Valenzuela and Kym Anderson This compilation of data from the World Development Indicators, FAOSTAT, and GTAP 6.0 databases provides comparative basic economic and trade indicators for the Africa region. Within the region countries are sub-divided into sub-regions, and for each region and sub- region the case study countries are shown separately together with an aggregate of that sub- region's non-studied countries. Due to the very limited data availability, all countries with a population of less than 2 million in 2000, plus Mauritania, Liberia, Eritrea, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Guinea, Angola and the Democratic Republic of Congo, have not been included. The tables begin with summary data for the period 2000-2004, and growth data for 1980-2004. Then each one-page table shows annual data for the 45-year period from 1960 to 2004. Apart from the series on black market premium (compiled by Easterly), on labor force, agricultural employment, agricultural land and the section on production, supply and export of agricultural commodities taken from the FAO, and those marked with * in the table of contents computed from the GTAP6.1 database (or version 6.2 when specified), all the other data have been retrieved from the World Bank's World Development Indicators (April 2006). Definitions of the various variables can be found in the WDI section of the World Bank's website. Time series of applied ad valorem tariff (AHS) data from 1988 to 2005 are collected from UNCTAD-TRAINS using the WITS system1. These tariffs correspond to trade weighted HS6 digits compiled at GTAP sectoral level for primary agriculture and processed food, and aggregates for primary agriculture, processed food, and primary non agriculture. Effectively applied tariffs for the year 2001 reported in the last table of the basic trade indicators come 1 http://wits.worldbank.org/. In the absence of a corresponding trade flow for a given tariff, WITS seeks for a matching trade flow in COMTRADE, either by direct or inverted trade (collecting exports to region x). These are exclusively ad valorem tariffs and thus do not include ad valorem equivalent of specific tariffs. instead from the GTAP6.1 database. They are obtained through a joint CEPII / ITC project, known as MAcMAps, which calculates HS6 bilateral tariff including ad valorem tariff equivalent of specific and compound tariffs and key non-tariff barriers such as tariff rate quotas (TRQs). Five-year averages for the period 2000-2004 are computed by averaging all the available annual data within the period. However, average percentages and ratios for single countries between two variables are computed by considering only those years for which observations are available for both series. Growth rates are calculated consistently with WDI statistical procedures, i.e. by fitting a linear regression trend to the logarithmic annual values whenever at least half of the observations in the period are available. The revealed comparative Advantage (RCA) indexes are computed as the product group's share of a region's exports as a percentage of that product group's share of global merchandise exports. The service sector is derived as a residual, from GDP less agriculture and industry. The available tables and indicators are: Description of aggregate sectors, as referred to in the GTAP database Sources List of countries and regional aggregates National as % of world, 2000-2004 (A) Population Labor force Agricultural workers GDP Agricultural GDP Land Agricultural land Total exports of goods and services Agricultural and food exports Agricultural and food imports National as % of world, 2000-2004 (B) GDP per capita Land per capita Land per worker Agricultural land per capita Agricultural land per agricultural worker RCA agriculture and food Growth rates, % per year, 1980-2004 Population Labor force Agricultural workers GDP GDP per capita Agricultural GDP Industrial GDP Services GDP Total exports of goods and services Agricultural and food exports Agricultural and food imports Basic economic indicators, five-year averages 1960-2004 Population Labor force Agricultural workers Agricultural workers (% labor force) GDP GDP per capita Governance indicators Poverty (% population) Land Agricultural land Arable land Land per capita Land per worker Arable land per worker Agricultural land per capita Agricultural land per agricultural worker Agriculture (% GDP) Industry (% GDP) Services (% GDP) Agricultural GDP (% world) Official exchange rate (LCU per US$) Black market premium (%) Basic trade indicators, five-year averages 1960-2004 Total exports of goods and services Total imports of goods and services Primary agriculture exports (% prim. agriculture and proc. food exports)* Agriculture and food exports (% merchandise exports) Other primary goods exports (% merchandise exports) Other manufactures exports (% merchandise exports) Services exports (% total exports of goods and services) Primary agriculture imports (% prim. agriculture and proc. food imports)* Agriculture and food imports (% merchandise imports) Other primary goods imports (% merchandise imports) Other manufactures imports (% merchandise imports) Services imports (% total imports of goods and services) Total exports of goods and services (% GDP) Total imports of goods and services (% GDP) (X-M)/(X+M): primary agriculture* (X-M)/(X+M): processed food* (X-M)/(X+M): agriculture and food (X-M)/(X+M): other primary goods (X-M)/(X+M): other manufactures (X-M)/(X+M): services RCA: agriculture and food RCA: other primary goods RCA: other manufactures Share of world exports (%): agriculture and food Share of world exports (%): other primary goods Share of world exports (%): other manufactures Share of world exports (%): services Share of world exports (%): total exports of goods and services Trade weighted applied tariff, 2001* Agricultural commodities: shares of national and global, production, consumption and export Domestic production in 2001 (% world, MT), A & B Domestic apparent consumption in 2001 (% world, MT), A & B Export in 2001 (% world, MT), A & B Shares of domestic production in 2001 (% domestic prod. value), A & B Shares of apparent consumption in 2001 (% domestic app. cons. value), A & B Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff (UNCTAD-TRAINS) Benin Burkina Faso Cameroon Chad Egypt Ethiopia Ghana Kenya Madagascar Mali Morocco Mozambique Nigeria Senegal South Africa Sudan Tanzania Togo Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Description of aggregate sectors, as referred to in the GTAP database Primary Agriculture Other Primary GTAP sector description GTAP sector description pdr Paddy rice frs Forestry wht Wheat fsh Fishing gro Cereal grains nec coa Coal v_f Vegetables, fruit, nuts oil Oil osd Oil seeds gas Gas c_b Sugar cane, sugar beet omn Minerals nec pfb Plant-based fibers ocr Crops nec ctl Cattle,sheep,goats,horses oap Animal products nec rmk Raw milk wol Wool, silk-worm cocoons Processed Food Other Manufacturing GTAP sector description GTAP sector description Meat: tex Textiles cmt cattle,sheep,goats,horse wap Wearing apparel omt Meat products nec lea Leather products vol Vegetable oils and fats lum Wood products mil Dairy products ppp Paper products, publishing pcr Processed rice p_c Petroleum, coal products sgr Sugar crp Chemical,rubber,plastic prods ofd Food products nec nmm Mineral products nec Beverages and tobacco i_s Ferrous metals b_t products nfm Metals nec fmp Metal products mvh Motor vehicles and parts otn Transport equipment nec ele Electronic equipment Machinery and equipment ome nec omf Manufactures nec Sources: Dimaranan, B.V. (ed.) (2006), Global Trade, Assistance, and Production: The GTAP 6.0 Database, West Lafayette: Center for Global Trade Analysis, Purdue University (chapters downloadable at www.gtap.org). Easterly, William. Compilation of Black Market premium. Available at: http://www.nyu.edu/fas/institute/dri/global%20development%20network%20gro wth%20database.htm FAOSTAT, 2005, 2006, Food and Agriculture Organization Statistics Databases. Available at: www.fao.org. Accessed: June 2006. WDI (World Development Indicators), April 2006, World Bank Database. Available at: www.worldbank.org. Accessed: June 2006. WITS (World Integrated Trade Solution), World Bank in collaboration with UNCTAD. Available at: http://wits.worldbank.org. Accessed: July 2006. Africa Countries and regional aggregates West Africa East Africa Southern Africa North Africa Countries under study: Countries under study: Countries under study: Countries under study: Benin Ethiopia Madagascar Egypt Burkina Faso Kenya Mozambique Morocco Cameroon Sudan South Africa Chad Tanzania Zambia Ghana Uganda Zimbabwe Mali Nigeria Senegal Togo Other countries: Other countries: Other countries: Other countries: Central African Republic Burundi Malawi Algeria Congo, Rep. Rwanda Libya Cote d'Ivoire Tunisia Niger Countries and regional aggregates used for the indicators computed from GTAP database Sub-Saharan Africa North Africa Southern Africa Development South African Customs Union: Community: Botswana, South Africa Malawi, Mozambique, Tanzania, Madagascar, Uganda Morocco, Tunisia Zambia, Zimbabwe Rest of S. Africa Customs Union: Rest of S. African Dev. Com: Rest of S. S. Africa: Rest of North Africa: Lesotho, Namibia, Swaziland Angola, the Dem. Rep. of Congo, Benin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Algeria, Egypt, Libyan Arab Jamahiriya Mauritius, Seychelles Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, Congo, Cote d'Ivoire, Djibouti, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Mayotte, Niger Nigeria, Reunion, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Sao Tome and Principe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Togo National as % world, 2000-2004 (A) Total exports Agricultural Agricultural Agricultural Agricultural Agricultural Population Labor force GDP Land of goods and and food and food workers GDP land services exports imports Benin 0.12 0.10 0.12 0.01 0.09 0.09 0.07 0.01 0.06 0.03 Burkina Faso 0.19 0.19 0.41 0.01 0.09 0.21 0.21 0.00 0.04 0.02 Cameroon 0.25 0.21 0.28 0.03 0.38 0.36 0.18 0.13 0.05 Chad 0.14 0.12 0.21 0.01 0.07 0.97 0.98 WEST AFRICA Ghana 0.33 0.33 0.43 0.02 0.20 0.18 0.29 0.03 0.20 0.10 Mali 0.20 0.19 0.35 0.01 0.10 0.94 0.70 0.01 0.05 0.02 Nigeria 1.98 1.58 1.14 0.15 1.09 0.70 1.43 0.25 0.01 0.32 Senegal 0.17 0.14 0.24 0.02 0.09 0.15 0.16 0.02 0.07 0.09 Togo 0.09 0.07 0.09 0.00 0.05 0.04 0.07 0.01 0.03 0.02 Studied countries 3.49 2.95 3.26 0.26 2.14 3.64 4.10 Other countries 0.60 0.50 0.72 0.05 0.37 1.97 1.48 All countries 4.09 3.44 3.98 0.32 2.51 5.60 5.58 Ethiopia 1.08 0.99 1.83 0.02 0.23 0.77 0.63 0.01 0.07 0.04 Kenya 0.52 0.54 0.92 0.04 0.29 0.44 0.53 0.04 0.19 0.08 Sudan 0.55 0.43 0.58 0.05 0.50 1.83 2.69 0.03 0.06 0.06 EAST AFRICA Tanzania 0.58 0.61 1.10 0.03 0.33 0.68 0.97 0.02 0.11 0.05 Uganda 0.42 0.39 0.71 0.02 0.15 0.15 0.25 0.01 0.07 0.04 Studied countries 3.15 2.95 5.13 0.15 1.51 3.88 5.06 0.11 0.49 0.27 Other countries 0.25 0.26 0.53 0.01 0.08 0.04 0.08 0.00 0.01 0.01 All countries 3.40 3.21 5.66 0.16 1.59 3.91 5.14 0.11 0.51 0.28 Madagascar 0.28 0.26 0.44 0.01 0.10 0.45 0.55 0.01 0.08 0.02 Mozambique 0.30 0.32 0.58 0.01 0.08 0.60 0.97 0.01 0.03 0.02 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 0.73 0.61 0.13 0.42 0.39 0.94 2.00 0.45 0.64 0.35 Zambia 0.18 0.15 0.23 0.01 0.07 0.57 0.71 0.01 0.03 0.02 Zimbabwe 0.21 0.19 0.27 0.04 0.14 0.30 0.41 0.13 0.04 Studied countries 1.69 1.54 1.65 0.50 0.78 2.86 4.65 0.90 0.46 Other countries 0.19 0.19 0.35 0.01 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.01 0.06 0.02 All countries 1.88 1.73 2.00 0.50 0.83 2.93 4.73 0.96 0.48 SAHARAN Studied countries 8.32 7.44 10.04 0.91 4.43 10.37 13.81 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 1.05 0.94 1.59 0.07 0.51 2.08 1.65 All countries 9.37 8.38 11.64 0.98 4.93 12.45 15.46 Egypt 1.13 0.86 0.64 0.26 1.11 0.77 0.07 0.18 0.13 0.57 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 0.46 0.41 0.32 0.11 0.50 0.34 0.61 0.14 0.29 0.31 Studied countries 1.59 1.27 0.96 0.37 1.61 1.11 0.68 0.32 0.42 0.88 Other countries 0.75 0.56 0.28 0.33 3.31 1.31 0.82 All countries 2.34 1.82 1.23 0.70 4.43 1.99 1.70 Studied countries 9.91 8.71 11.00 1.28 6.04 11.49 14.48 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 1.80 1.50 1.87 0.39 5.39 2.96 All countries 11.71 10.21 12.87 1.67 16.88 17.44 National as % world, 2000-2004 (B) Agricultural land Agricultural land RCA: agriculture GDP per capita Land per capita Land per worker per agricultural per capita and food worker Benin 7 69 87 55 57 1034 Burkina Faso 5 109 108 111 52 953 Cameroon 13 144 168 74 66 445 Chad 5 684 780 695 469 WEST AFRICA Ghana 6 53 53 88 69 748 Mali 5 472 484 353 197 624 Nigeria 8 35 45 73 125 3 Senegal 10 85 103 94 68 444 Togo 5 46 63 80 82 407 Studied countries 7 104 123 117 126 Other countries 9 326 394 244 207 All countries 8 137 163 135 140 Ethiopia 2 71 78 58 34 958 Kenya 8 85 81 103 58 636 EAST AFRICA Sudan 8 333 429 490 465 209 Tanzania 5 117 112 166 88 800 Uganda 4 36 39 60 35 938 Studied countries 5 123 131 160 99 541 Other countries 3 16 15 33 16 801 All countries 5 115 122 151 91 546 Madagascar 5 162 169 202 125 670 Mozambique 4 201 190 324 166 359 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 59 129 153 275 1583 134 Zambia 7 321 386 398 307 194 Zimbabwe 18 145 155 200 153 602 Studied countries 30 170 186 274 281 168 Other countries 3 37 39 44 24 982 All countries 27 156 170 250 236 177 SAHARAN Studied countries 11 125 139 165 137 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 6 199 220 157 104 All countries 10 133 148 164 133 Egypt 23 68 89 6 11 175 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 25 75 85 133 190 252 Studied countries 23 70 88 43 71 221 Other countries 43 441 594 173 472 All countries 30 189 242 84 161 Studied countries 13 116 132 145 132 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 22 300 359 164 158 All countries 14 144 165 148 136 Growth rates, % per year, 1980-2004 Total Agricultural Agricultural GDP per Agricultural Industrial Services exports of GDP and food and food Agricultural capita GDP GDP GDP goods and Population Labor force (constant exports imports workers (constant (constant (constant (constant services 2000 US$) (constant (constant 2000 US$) 2000 US$) 2000 US$) 2000 US$) (constant 2000 US$) 2000 US$) 2000 US$) Benin 3.4 2.8 1.5 3.7 0.3 5.4 4.3 2.6 0.6 13.8 2.8 Burkina Faso 2.8 2.3 2.3 3.7 0.8 3.8 2.5 4.0 1.2 7.2 2.3 Cameroon 2.6 2.7 1.5 1.2 -1.4 3.4 0.4 -0.2 2.5 2.0 3.5 Chad 3.0 2.7 1.8 3.9 0.9 3.7 4.3 3.2 3.5 WEST AFRICA Ghana 2.7 3.1 2.7 4.1 1.3 2.6 3.6 6.6 7.0 3.4 8.4 Mali 2.6 2.2 1.7 3.3 0.6 3.3 5.6 2.5 8.1 Nigeria 2.7 2.8 0.3 3.1 0.4 3.7 1.6 5.6 3.0 -14.0 1.0 Senegal 2.8 2.5 2.1 2.9 0.2 2.1 4.0 2.9 4.5 2.1 4.1 Togo 3.2 2.9 2.1 2.1 -1.1 3.9 1.7 1.2 0.3 5.3 1.6 Studied countries 2.8 2.7 1.4 2.9 0.2 3.4 1.5 3.6 3.2 Other countries 3.1 2.9 2.0 1.6 -1.5 2.4 2.9 0.5 All countries 2.8 2.8 1.5 2.7 -0.2 3.2 1.7 2.7 Ethiopia 2.6 2.9 0.2 1.8 1.3 4.5 4.7 Kenya 3.1 3.5 3.1 3.0 -0.1 2.3 2.5 3.5 4.1 3.8 6.4 EAST AFRICA Sudan 2.4 2.7 1.7 4.3 1.9 4.9 4.6 3.5 4.3 -0.8 1.8 Tanzania 3.0 3.1 2.7 3.8 1.1 3.6 5.0 4.0 6.2 4.3 Uganda 3.4 2.9 2.4 5.9 2.4 3.6 9.3 6.9 8.9 Studied countries 2.8 4.0 1.4 4.2 4.6 3.9 6.6 Other countries 1.9 1.7 1.6 0.7 -1.2 1.4 -1.9 1.1 0.2 All countries 2.7 3.8 1.3 4.1 4.0 3.7 6.5 Madagascar 2.9 2.7 2.2 1.6 -1.4 2.1 1.6 1.3 2.1 2.6 3.3 Mozambique 2.1 1.8 1.6 4.4 2.3 4.2 7.7 6.4 7.7 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 2.2 2.6 -0.5 1.7 -0.5 1.4 0.5 2.3 3.7 3.2 3.4 Zambia 2.7 2.6 2.1 1.0 -1.6 2.5 -0.4 1.4 1.1 Zimbabwe 2.4 2.8 2.0 1.9 -0.6 2.3 0.3 2.3 6.0 2.0 6.5 Studied countries 2.4 2.5 1.7 1.8 -0.6 1.9 0.9 2.5 3.8 Other countries 3.0 2.8 2.5 3.0 -0.1 4.5 2.3 2.3 3.0 2.5 6.9 All countries 2.4 2.5 1.8 1.8 -0.7 2.1 0.9 2.5 3.8 SAHARAN Studied countries 2.7 2.7 0.2 3.7 1.6 3.1 4.4 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 2.8 2.5 2.0 1.6 -1.2 2.4 2.4 0.7 All countries 2.7 2.7 0.1 3.6 1.7 2.9 Egypt 2.1 2.7 0.0 4.6 2.4 3.0 4.7 5.1 5.0 -0.1 0.7 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 1.8 2.6 0.4 3.2 1.5 2.3 3.2 3.7 6.6 6.2 4.5 Studied countries 2.0 2.7 0.2 4.2 2.2 2.8 4.2 4.7 5.6 3.7 1.7 Other countries 2.2 3.5 1.3 3.6 1.4 1.7 All countries 2.1 2.9 0.4 3.9 1.8 1.6 Studied countries 2.6 3.1 0.7 3.2 2.6 3.5 4.4 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 2.5 2.9 1.9 3.2 0.6 All countries 2.6 Population (millions) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 2.4 2.6 3.0 3.4 4.0 4.7 5.6 6.6 7.7 Burkina Faso 4.6 5.0 5.6 6.2 6.9 7.8 9.0 10.4 12.0 Cameroon 5.5 6.2 7.0 8.0 9.3 10.7 12.3 13.9 15.5 Chad 3.2 3.5 3.9 4.4 4.8 5.5 6.4 7.5 8.8 WEST AFRICA Ghana 7.6 8.5 9.5 10.6 12.1 14.2 16.4 18.6 20.8 Mali 4.5 5.0 5.7 6.5 7.3 8.3 9.4 10.7 12.4 Nigeria 42.8 48.2 54.5 62.6 72.3 83.1 95.8 109.4 123.1 Senegal 3.7 4.2 4.8 5.5 6.3 7.3 8.4 9.6 10.9 Togo 1.6 1.9 2.3 2.6 3.0 3.6 4.2 4.8 5.7 Studied countries 75.9 85.2 96.3 109.9 126.0 145.3 167.6 191.5 216.8 Other countries 10.1 11.9 14.0 16.7 20.2 24.2 28.3 32.9 37.5 All countries 86.1 97.1 110.3 126.6 146.2 169.4 195.9 224.4 254.3 Ethiopia 23.7 26.8 30.5 34.8 39.9 46.2 53.4 59.7 67.2 Kenya 8.7 10.2 12.1 14.6 17.6 21.2 25.0 28.6 32.1 EAST AFRICA Sudan 12.1 13.6 15.6 18.2 21.4 24.5 27.3 30.8 34.2 Tanzania 10.6 12.4 14.5 17.1 20.2 23.8 28.1 32.5 36.2 Uganda 7.1 8.4 9.9 11.5 13.4 15.9 19.0 22.2 26.0 Studied countries 62.2 71.4 82.6 96.1 112.4 131.6 152.8 173.8 195.7 Other countries 6.1 6.8 7.6 8.5 9.9 11.8 12.2 12.6 15.4 All countries 68.2 78.1 90.2 104.7 122.4 143.4 165.1 186.4 211.0 Madagascar 5.6 6.4 7.3 8.4 9.6 11.1 12.8 14.8 17.1 Mozambique 7.9 8.8 9.8 11.2 12.6 13.2 14.3 16.7 18.7 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 18.4 20.7 23.1 25.8 29.0 32.9 36.7 41.0 45.1 Zambia 3.3 3.9 4.6 5.5 6.5 7.6 8.9 10.0 11.1 Zimbabwe 4.0 4.7 5.6 6.6 7.9 9.6 11.1 12.2 12.8 Studied countries 39.3 44.5 50.5 57.5 65.6 74.4 83.8 94.7 104.8 Other countries 3.7 4.2 4.8 5.6 6.5 8.2 9.8 10.6 12.1 All countries 43.0 48.7 55.3 63.1 72.1 82.6 93.5 105.3 116.9 SAHARAN Studied countries 177.4 201.1 229.5 263.5 304.1 351.3 404.2 460.1 517.3 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 19.9 22.8 26.4 30.9 36.7 44.1 50.4 56.1 64.9 All countries 197.3 223.9 255.9 294.3 340.7 395.4 454.5 516.2 582.2 Egypt 29.3 33.0 36.9 41.0 46.1 52.1 57.9 63.6 69.9 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 12.2 13.9 15.8 17.9 20.2 22.5 24.9 26.9 28.6 Studied countries 41.6 46.9 52.6 58.9 66.3 74.5 82.8 90.5 98.6 Other countries 17.0 19.2 22.1 25.7 30.2 35.1 39.5 43.4 46.7 All countries 58.6 66.1 74.7 84.6 96.5 109.6 122.4 133.9 145.2 Studied countries 219.0 248.1 282.1 322.4 370.4 425.8 487.0 550.6 615.8 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 36.9 42.0 48.5 56.5 66.8 79.2 89.9 99.5 111.6 All countries 255.9 290.0 330.6 378.9 437.2 505.0 576.9 650.1 727.4 Labor force (millions) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 1.3 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.2 2.6 2.9 Burkina Faso 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.5 3.8 4.2 4.7 5.3 5.9 Cameroon 2.7 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.8 4.3 5.0 5.8 6.4 Chad 1.6 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.8 WEST AFRICA Ghana 3.5 3.8 4.2 4.8 5.5 6.5 7.6 8.9 10.0 Mali 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.8 4.2 4.7 5.3 5.9 Nigeria 17.4 19.1 21.4 24.3 27.8 31.5 36.1 41.8 47.5 Senegal 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.4 3.9 4.4 Togo 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.3 1.5 1.7 2.0 Studied countries 34.2 37.3 41.4 46.5 52.5 59.5 68.2 78.5 88.8 Other countries 4.9 5.6 6.4 7.4 8.7 10.1 11.7 13.4 15.0 All countries 39.1 42.8 47.7 53.8 61.2 69.6 79.8 92.0 103.8 Ethiopia 24.1 26.6 29.7 Kenya 4.5 5.1 5.9 7.0 8.4 10.1 12.1 14.5 16.3 EAST AFRICA Sudan 4.6 5.1 5.7 6.6 7.7 8.8 9.9 11.4 12.9 Tanzania 6.0 6.8 7.8 8.9 10.3 12.1 14.3 16.5 18.3 Uganda 4.0 4.6 5.3 6.0 6.8 8.0 9.3 10.5 11.8 Studied countries 69.8 79.5 89.1 Other countries 3.4 3.7 4.1 4.5 5.2 6.1 6.3 6.4 7.7 All countries 76.0 85.9 96.8 Madagascar 2.9 3.3 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.4 6.1 7.0 8.0 Mozambique 4.6 4.9 5.5 6.2 6.8 6.9 7.4 8.7 9.6 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 6.9 7.7 8.7 9.9 11.4 13.2 15.1 17.2 18.5 Zambia 1.6 1.7 2.0 2.4 2.7 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.5 Zimbabwe 1.9 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.4 4.2 5.0 5.5 5.8 Studied countries 17.9 19.8 22.4 25.5 29.2 33.0 37.4 42.6 46.4 Other countries 2.0 2.2 2.5 2.9 3.3 4.1 4.8 5.2 5.7 All countries 19.9 22.0 24.9 28.4 32.4 37.1 42.2 47.7 52.0 SAHARAN Studied countries 175.3 200.6 224.2 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 10.3 11.4 12.9 14.8 17.2 20.3 22.8 25.0 28.4 All countries 198.1 225.6 252.7 Egypt 10.5 11.7 12.8 14.0 15.5 17.5 19.8 22.9 26.0 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 4.4 4.8 5.4 6.4 7.4 8.5 9.6 10.9 12.2 Studied countries 15.0 16.5 18.3 20.4 22.9 26.0 29.5 33.8 38.2 Other countries 5.2 5.5 6.1 7.2 8.6 10.2 12.0 14.4 16.8 All countries 20.2 21.9 24.4 27.6 31.5 36.2 41.5 48.2 55.0 Studied countries 204.8 234.5 262.4 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 15.6 16.9 19.0 22.0 25.8 30.5 34.8 39.4 45.2 All countries 239.6 273.9 307.7 Agricultural workers (millions) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.5 Burkina Faso 2.6 2.7 2.9 3.2 3.5 3.9 4.4 4.9 5.4 Cameroon 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.6 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.6 3.7 Chad 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 2.0 2.1 2.4 2.6 2.8 WEST AFRICA Ghana 2.2 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.4 3.9 4.5 5.1 5.7 Mali 2.4 2.6 2.9 3.1 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.3 4.7 Nigeria 12.6 13.7 14.4 14.3 14.4 14.5 14.8 15.1 15.2 Senegal 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.3 2.6 2.9 3.2 Togo 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 Studied countries 26.7 28.7 30.6 31.8 33.4 35.7 38.3 41.0 43.3 Other countries 4.3 4.7 5.2 5.8 6.5 7.3 8.1 8.9 9.5 All countries 31.0 33.4 35.8 37.5 39.9 43.0 46.4 50.0 52.9 Ethiopia 20.5 22.2 24.3 Kenya 3.9 4.4 5.0 5.8 6.8 8.1 9.6 11.1 12.2 EAST AFRICA Sudan 3.9 4.1 4.4 4.9 5.5 6.2 6.7 7.3 7.7 Tanzania 5.5 6.2 6.9 7.8 8.8 10.3 12.0 13.5 14.6 Uganda 3.7 4.2 4.7 5.2 5.9 6.8 7.8 8.6 9.4 Studied countries 56.5 62.7 68.2 Other countries 3.2 3.5 3.8 4.2 4.8 5.6 5.7 5.8 7.0 All countries 62.3 68.5 75.2 Madagascar 2.5 2.8 3.1 3.4 3.8 4.3 4.7 5.3 5.9 Mozambique 4.0 4.3 4.7 5.2 5.7 5.8 6.1 7.1 7.8 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.8 1.7 Zambia 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.1 2.4 2.7 3.0 3.1 Zimbabwe 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.1 2.5 2.9 3.3 3.5 3.6 Studied countries 11.8 12.7 13.7 14.7 16.0 17.3 18.9 20.8 22.0 Other countries 1.9 2.0 2.3 2.5 2.9 3.6 4.2 4.3 4.7 All countries 13.7 14.7 16.0 17.3 18.9 20.9 23.0 25.1 26.6 SAHARAN Studied countries 113.7 124.5 133.5 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 9.3 10.2 11.3 12.5 14.2 16.5 18.0 19.1 21.2 All countries 131.7 143.6 154.7 Egypt 6.8 7.3 7.8 8.2 8.4 8.0 7.8 8.1 8.4 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 3.2 3.2 3.4 3.7 4.0 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.3 Studied countries 10.0 10.5 11.2 11.9 12.3 12.0 11.9 12.4 12.7 Other countries 3.3 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.9 3.3 3.7 All countries 13.3 13.6 14.1 14.8 15.2 14.9 14.8 15.7 16.4 Studied countries 125.6 136.8 146.2 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 12.7 13.3 14.2 15.4 17.0 19.4 21.0 22.4 24.9 All countries 146.5 159.2 171.1 Agricultural workers (% labor force) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 84 82 78 71 67 65 62 57 52 Burkina Faso 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 92 Cameroon 88 86 83 77 72 71 68 63 58 Chad 95 93 91 89 87 85 82 78 74 WEST AFRICA Ghana 63 61 61 61 61 60 59 58 56 Mali 93 93 92 90 88 87 85 83 80 Nigeria 73 72 67 59 52 46 41 36 32 Senegal 84 83 82 81 80 78 76 75 73 Togo 79 76 73 70 68 66 64 61 59 Studied countries 78 77 74 68 64 60 56 52 49 Other countries 87 84 82 78 75 73 70 66 63 All countries 79 78 75 70 65 62 58 54 51 Ethiopia 85 84 82 Kenya 87 86 85 83 82 80 79 77 75 EAST AFRICA Sudan 85 81 77 74 72 70 68 64 60 Tanzania 92 91 89 87 85 85 84 82 80 Uganda 92 91 89 88 87 85 84 82 79 Studied countries 81 79 77 Other countries 94 94 93 93 93 92 91 91 90 All countries 82 80 78 Madagascar 86 85 84 82 81 79 77 75 74 Mozambique 88 87 86 85 84 84 83 82 81 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 36 33 28 21 17 15 13 11 9 Zambia 83 81 78 77 76 75 73 71 68 Zimbabwe 80 78 76 74 72 69 67 64 62 Studied countries 66 64 61 58 55 53 50 49 47 Other countries 93 92 91 89 87 87 86 84 82 All countries 69 67 64 61 58 56 55 53 51 SAHARAN Studied countries 65 62 60 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 90 89 87 85 83 81 79 76 75 All countries 66 64 61 Egypt 65 63 60 58 54 45 39 36 33 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 71 67 63 59 54 48 43 39 35 Studied countries 67 64 61 59 54 46 40 37 33 Other countries 63 56 48 40 33 28 24 23 22 All countries 66 62 58 54 48 41 36 33 30 Studied countries 61 58 56 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 81 78 75 70 66 63 60 57 55 All countries 61 58 56 GDP ($ billions) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.3 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.4 1.8 2.2 3.0 Burkina Faso 0.4 0.6 1.3 1.7 2.3 2.6 2.7 3.5 Cameroon 1.0 1.6 3.9 7.4 10.9 10.9 8.8 10.8 Chad 0.4 0.6 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.6 1.6 2.4 WEST AFRICA Ghana 1.9 2.4 3.3 4.2 5.2 6.1 7.1 6.6 Mali 0.3 0.5 1.1 1.4 1.8 2.4 2.5 3.5 Nigeria 5.9 14.8 36.8 47.4 23.8 26.7 33.3 53.4 Senegal 0.8 1.1 2.2 2.6 4.1 5.3 4.6 5.8 Togo 0.2 0.4 0.7 0.9 1.2 1.4 1.5 1.6 Studied countries 11.3 22.3 51.0 67.7 51.8 58.8 64.3 90.7 Other countries 2.2 3.6 9.2 12.7 14.6 16.1 17.3 19.2 All countries 13.5 25.9 60.3 80.4 66.4 75.0 81.6 109.9 Ethiopia 5.6 7.4 8.0 6.2 6.7 Kenya 1.2 2.2 4.6 6.5 7.6 7.6 12.2 14.0 EAST AFRICA Sudan 1.6 2.8 6.9 9.0 16.0 9.4 9.7 16.0 Tanzania 4.8 4.5 7.3 9.9 Uganda 1.0 1.6 2.5 2.1 5.1 3.5 6.1 6.1 Studied countries 40.8 33.0 41.6 52.7 Other countries 0.3 0.5 1.3 2.4 3.3 2.9 2.6 2.4 All countries 44.1 35.9 44.2 55.1 Madagascar 1.0 1.4 2.6 3.5 2.7 3.0 3.6 4.5 Mozambique 3.5 3.3 2.3 3.3 4.5 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 13.4 24.5 42.6 83.8 98.0 125.8 142.2 148.0 Zambia 1.4 2.1 2.8 3.6 2.8 3.3 3.4 4.1 Zimbabwe 1.4 2.8 4.5 7.5 6.9 7.5 7.2 12.7 Studied countries 101.8 113.8 141.9 159.8 173.8 Other countries 0.3 0.4 0.8 1.2 1.3 1.8 2.0 1.8 All countries 103.0 115.1 143.7 161.7 175.7 SAHARAN Studied countries 206.4 233.7 265.7 317.3 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 2.8 4.5 11.4 16.3 19.1 20.9 21.9 23.4 All countries 225.6 254.6 287.5 340.7 Egypt 5.8 8.7 14.5 26.1 37.2 44.2 76.4 89.9 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 3.2 5.5 11.8 15.2 18.6 27.9 34.8 39.4 Studied countries 9.0 14.1 26.2 41.4 55.8 72.1 111.2 129.3 Other countries 7.3 17.0 47.1 85.4 93.9 94.7 94.1 113.4 All countries 16.2 31.1 73.3 126.8 149.7 166.8 205.3 242.7 Studied countries 262.2 305.8 376.9 446.6 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 10.1 21.5 58.5 101.7 113.1 115.6 115.9 136.8 All countries 375.3 421.4 492.8 583.4 GDP per capita ($) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 117 144 250 308 301 321 337 390 Burkina Faso 89 106 202 248 294 284 259 293 Cameroon 156 224 484 796 1024 889 632 702 Chad 126 145 220 186 223 253 209 270 WEST AFRICA Ghana 225 256 309 350 362 370 382 317 Mali 62 83 173 197 215 259 237 285 Nigeria 121 271 587 655 286 279 305 434 Senegal 200 228 390 408 563 624 477 538 Togo 122 162 290 294 322 342 307 280 Studied countries 133 232 465 537 357 351 336 418 Other countries 185 254 552 629 604 570 526 511 All countries 139 235 476 550 392 383 364 432 Ethiopia 139 160 150 104 100 Kenya 122 181 312 372 359 303 427 437 EAST AFRICA Sudan 118 178 382 421 653 344 315 468 Tanzania 191 161 224 273 Uganda 119 162 215 158 320 186 276 235 Studied countries 310 216 239 270 Other countries 49 71 157 241 275 237 205 156 All countries 307 218 237 261 Madagascar 149 198 310 367 246 236 245 264 Mozambique 274 249 158 196 240 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 646 1059 1651 2888 2978 3426 3471 3282 Zambia 366 460 501 549 364 372 340 366 Zimbabwe 306 501 682 944 725 678 594 998 Studied countries 1552 1528 1694 1687 1659 Other countries 61 86 146 186 159 187 186 150 All countries 1428 1393 1537 1535 1503 SAHARAN Studied countries 588 578 577 613 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 122 171 369 445 434 415 390 360 All countries 570 560 557 585 Egypt 176 235 353 567 714 764 1201 1285 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 227 347 658 754 829 1117 1295 1378 Studied countries 191 269 445 624 748 870 1229 1312 Other countries 379 769 1835 2831 2679 2394 2168 2429 All countries 245 416 867 1314 1366 1363 1533 1671 Studied countries 616 628 685 725 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 240 443 1035 1522 1427 1285 1165 1225 All countries 743 730 758 802 Governance Indicators Voice and Government Control of Political Stability Regulatory Quality Rule of Law Accountability Effectiveness Corruption 1996-98 2003-05 1996-98 2003-05 1996-98 2003-05 1996-98 2003-05 1996-98 2003-05 1996-98 2003-05 Benin 0.6 0.4 0.5 0.2 -0.1 -0.5 0.0 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.8 -0.6 Burkina Faso -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -0.4 -0.7 -0.6 -0.4 0.0 Cameroon -1.0 -1.2 -1.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 -1.0 -1.1 -1.2 -1.0 Chad -0.9 -1.1 -1.2 -1.3 -0.6 -1.0 -0.4 -0.9 -0.7 -1.2 -0.9 -1.2 Ghana -0.5 0.4 -0.1 0.0 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.2 -0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 WEST AFRICA Mali 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.0 -0.5 -0.4 0.1 -0.4 -0.7 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 Nigeria -1.6 -0.7 -1.5 -1.7 -1.3 -0.9 -0.8 -1.2 -1.3 -1.5 -1.2 -1.3 Senegal -0.5 0.2 -1.0 -0.2 -0.1 -0.2 -0.4 -0.3 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.3 Togo -1.2 -1.2 -0.9 -0.7 -0.6 -1.3 -0.2 -0.7 -1.1 -1.1 -0.8 -0.8 Studied countries -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 Other countries -0.6 -0.9 -0.5 -1.4 -0.8 -1.2 -0.5 -1.0 -0.9 -1.3 -0.5 -1.1 All countries -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.8 -0.6 -0.8 -0.3 -0.7 -0.8 -0.9 -0.7 -0.8 Ethiopia -0.7 -1.1 -0.9 -1.3 -0.4 -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 -0.2 -0.8 -0.6 -0.8 Kenya -0.7 -0.2 -0.8 -1.1 -0.8 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -0.9 -1.0 -1.1 -0.9 Sudan -1.8 -1.8 -2.5 -2.1 -1.5 -1.2 -1.4 -1.2 -1.5 -1.5 -1.0 -1.4 EAST AFRICA Tanzania -0.7 -0.3 0.0 -0.5 -0.9 -0.4 -0.1 -0.4 -0.5 -0.5 -1.1 -0.7 Uganda -0.6 -0.7 -1.3 -1.4 -0.3 -0.4 0.3 0.0 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.8 Studied countries -0.9 -0.8 -1.1 -1.3 -0.8 -0.7 -0.5 -0.6 -0.8 -0.9 -0.9 -0.9 Other countries -1.5 -1.2 -2.0 -1.6 -1.0 -1.0 -1.2 -1.0 -0.7 -1.1 -0.7 -0.7 All countries -1.1 -0.9 -1.4 -1.4 -0.8 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.7 -1.0 -0.8 -0.9 Madagascar 0.3 0.0 -0.1 0.1 -0.7 -0.3 -0.3 -0.1 -1.0 -0.2 -0.2 0.0 Mozambique -0.2 -0.1 -0.6 0.1 -0.5 -0.4 -0.7 -0.5 -1.1 -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 0.7 0.8 -1.1 -0.2 0.3 0.7 0.3 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.6 0.4 Zambia -0.2 -0.4 -0.5 0.0 -0.6 -0.9 0.1 -0.6 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 Zimbabwe -0.6 -1.6 -0.5 -1.6 -0.5 -1.2 -0.6 -2.2 -0.2 -1.6 -0.2 -1.3 Studied countries 0.0 -0.2 -0.6 -0.3 -0.4 -0.4 -0.3 -0.6 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -0.5 Other countries -0.3 -0.4 -0.1 -0.1 -0.6 -0.8 -0.2 -0.5 -0.5 -0.3 -0.8 -0.8 All countries 0.0 -0.3 -0.5 -0.3 -0.4 -0.5 -0.2 -0.6 -0.5 -0.5 -0.4 -0.5 Studied countries -0.5 -0.5 -0.8 -0.7 -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.6 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 SAHARAN AFRICA SUB- Other countries -0.8 -0.8 -0.9 -1.0 -0.8 -1.0 -0.6 -0.8 -0.7 -0.9 -0.7 -0.9 All countries -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -0.6 -0.7 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 Egypt -0.8 -1.1 -0.5 -0.8 -0.2 -0.3 0.0 -0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 -0.4 NORTH AFRICA Morocco -0.6 -0.6 -0.3 -0.4 0.1 -0.1 0.2 -0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 -0.1 Studied countries -0.7 -0.9 -0.4 -0.6 -0.1 -0.2 0.1 -0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 -0.2 Other countries -1.3 -1.3 -1.4 -0.4 -0.5 -0.3 -1.0 -0.7 -0.6 -0.4 -0.5 -0.4 All countries -1.1 -1.1 -1.0 -0.5 -0.3 -0.2 -0.5 -0.6 -0.3 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 Studied countries -0.6 -0.6 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 -0.4 -0.6 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries -1.0 -1.0 -1.0 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.8 -0.7 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 All countries -0.7 -0.7 -0.8 -0.8 -0.6 -0.7 -0.5 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 -0.6 -0.7 Poverty (% population) People living with less than 1$ per day (% tot People living with less than 2$ per day (% tot population) population) 1980-84 1985-89 1990-1994 1995-99 2000-04 1980-84 1985-89 1990-1994 1995-99 2000-04 Benin 32 75 Burkina Faso 66 46 30 85 83 74 Cameroon 32 17 68 50 Chad WEST AFRICA Ghana 48 18 47 89 84 78 Mali 76 95 Nigeria 64 61 76 73 88 88 91 94 Senegal 44 23 71 62 Togo Studied countries Other countries All countries Ethiopia 33 30 22 83 72 74 Kenya 34 23 64 56 EAST AFRICA Sudan Tanzania 47 56 89 87 Uganda Studied countries Other countries All countries Madagascar 46 48 52 59 76 82 96 83 Mozambique 37 78 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 10 6 10 35 31 33 Zambia 69 69 78 88 90 96 Zimbabwe 33 55 76 81 Studied countries 32 62 Other countries 43 78 All countries 33 63 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries All countries Egypt 4 4 3 42 41 42 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 2 2 2 16 7 15 Studied countries 3 3 31 33 Other countries All countries Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries All countries Total land (Ha millions) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 11 Burkina Faso 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 Cameroon 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 47 Chad 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 126 WEST AFRICA Ghana 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 Mali 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 122 Nigeria 91 91 91 91 91 91 91 91 91 Senegal 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 19 Togo 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Studied countries 472 472 471 471 471 471 471 471 471 Other countries 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 255 All countries 726 726 726 726 726 726 726 726 726 Ethiopia 100 100 100 Kenya 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 57 EAST AFRICA Sudan 238 238 238 238 238 238 238 238 238 Tanzania 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 88 Uganda 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 Studied countries 503 503 503 Other countries 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 All countries 508 508 508 Madagascar 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 Mozambique 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 78 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 121 Zambia 74 74 74 74 74 74 74 74 74 Zimbabwe 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 39 Studied countries 371 371 371 371 371 371 371 371 371 Other countries 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 All countries 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 380 SAHARAN Studied countries 1345 1345 1345 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 269 269 269 269 269 269 269 269 269 All countries 1614 1614 1614 Egypt 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 Studied countries 144 144 144 144 144 144 144 144 144 Other countries 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 430 All countries 574 574 574 574 574 574 574 574 574 Studied countries 1489 1489 1489 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 699 699 699 699 699 699 699 699 699 All countries 2188 2188 2188 Agricultural land (Ha millions) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 Burkina Faso 8 8 8 9 9 9 10 10 11 Cameroon 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 9 9 Chad 48 48 48 48 48 48 48 49 49 WEST AFRICA Ghana 12 12 12 12 12 12 13 14 15 Mali 32 32 32 32 32 32 33 34 35 Nigeria 69 69 70 70 71 71 72 71 71 Senegal 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Togo 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 Studied countries 189 189 190 192 194 196 198 201 204 Other countries 63 63 63 62 64 65 69 72 74 All countries 251 253 253 255 258 261 268 273 278 Ethiopia 31 31 31 Kenya 25 25 25 26 26 26 26 26 26 EAST AFRICA Sudan 109 109 110 110 111 118 125 133 134 Tanzania 43 43 46 46 47 47 48 48 48 Uganda 9 10 10 11 11 12 12 12 12 Studied countries 241 249 252 Other countries 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 4 All countries 245 253 256 Madagascar 26 26 26 27 27 27 27 27 28 Mozambique 47 47 47 47 47 48 48 48 48 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 100 97 96 95 95 95 98 100 100 Zambia 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 Zimbabwe 19 19 20 20 20 20 20 21 21 Studied countries 227 224 224 224 224 225 229 231 231 Other countries 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 All countries 230 227 227 227 227 229 232 235 236 SAHARAN Studied countries 668 681 687 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 69 69 69 69 71 73 77 80 82 All countries 745 760 770 Egypt 3 3 3 3 2 3 3 3 3 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 24 25 26 27 29 30 31 31 30 Studied countries 26 28 29 30 32 32 34 34 34 Other countries 65 65 67 67 64 63 64 65 65 All countries 91 93 96 97 96 95 97 99 99 Studied countries 702 715 721 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 134 135 136 137 135 136 141 144 147 All countries 842 859 868 Arable land (Ha millions) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 Burkina Faso 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 4 5 Cameroon 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 Chad 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 4 WEST AFRICA Ghana 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 4 Mali 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 4 5 Nigeria 27 27 27 28 28 29 30 29 29 Senegal 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Togo 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 Studied countries 45 46 47 48 50 52 54 56 60 Other countries 15 16 15 14 14 14 18 20 20 All countries 60 62 62 62 64 66 72 76 80 Ethiopia 10 10 10 Kenya 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 EAST AFRICA Sudan 11 11 12 12 12 13 14 16 16 Tanzania 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 4 Uganda 3 4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 Studied countries 36 40 41 Other countries 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 All countries 38 41 43 Madagascar 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 Mozambique 2 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 12 12 12 13 12 13 14 15 15 Zambia 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Zimbabwe 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 Studied countries 23 24 25 25 26 27 29 30 30 Other countries 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 All countries 24 25 26 27 27 28 30 32 33 SAHARAN Studied countries 119 126 130 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 18 18 18 17 18 18 21 24 24 All countries 140 150 155 Egypt 2 3 3 2 2 2 3 3 3 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 7 7 7 7 8 8 9 9 9 Studied countries 9 10 10 10 10 10 11 12 11 Other countries 11 11 11 12 12 12 12 12 12 All countries 20 21 21 22 22 22 24 24 24 Studied countries 130 138 142 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 29 29 29 29 29 30 33 36 37 All countries 164 174 178 Land per capita (Ha) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 4.6 4.2 3.7 3.3 2.8 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.4 Burkina Faso 5.9 5.5 4.9 4.4 4.0 3.5 3.0 2.6 2.3 Cameroon 8.3 7.5 6.7 5.8 5.0 4.4 3.8 3.3 3.0 Chad 39.1 35.8 32.1 28.9 26.0 22.8 19.6 16.8 14.3 WEST AFRICA Ghana 3.0 2.7 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.1 Mali 26.8 24.2 21.3 18.7 16.7 14.8 13.0 11.4 9.9 Nigeria 2.1 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.7 Senegal 5.1 4.6 4.0 3.5 3.1 2.6 2.3 2.0 1.8 Togo 3.3 2.9 2.4 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 Studied countries 6.2 5.5 4.9 4.3 3.7 3.2 2.8 2.5 2.2 Other countries 25.2 21.5 18.2 15.2 12.6 10.6 9.0 7.7 6.8 All countries 8.4 7.5 6.6 5.7 5.0 4.3 3.7 3.2 2.9 Ethiopia 1.8 1.7 1.5 Kenya 6.5 5.6 4.7 3.9 3.2 2.7 2.3 2.0 1.8 EAST AFRICA Sudan 19.4 17.4 15.2 13.1 11.1 9.7 8.7 7.7 6.9 Tanzania 8.2 7.1 6.1 5.2 4.4 3.7 3.1 2.7 2.4 Uganda 2.7 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.8 Studied countries 3.3 2.9 2.6 Other countries 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 All countries 3.1 2.7 2.4 Madagascar 10.2 9.1 8.0 7.0 6.1 5.3 4.6 3.9 3.4 Mozambique 9.8 8.9 8.0 7.0 6.2 5.9 5.5 4.7 4.2 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 6.5 5.9 5.3 4.7 4.2 3.7 3.3 3.0 2.7 Zambia 21.9 19.0 16.1 13.5 11.5 9.7 8.4 7.4 6.7 Zimbabwe 9.5 8.2 6.9 5.8 4.9 4.0 3.5 3.2 3.0 Studied countries 9.4 8.3 7.3 6.5 5.7 5.0 4.4 3.9 3.5 Other countries 2.5 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.8 All countries 8.8 7.8 6.9 6.0 5.3 4.6 4.1 3.6 3.3 SAHARAN Studied countries 3.3 2.9 2.6 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 13.6 11.8 10.2 8.7 7.3 6.1 5.3 4.8 4.1 All countries 3.6 3.1 2.8 Egypt 3.4 3.0 2.7 2.4 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.4 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 3.6 3.2 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.7 1.6 Studied countries 3.5 3.1 2.7 2.4 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.6 1.5 Other countries 25.2 22.4 19.5 16.7 14.2 12.3 10.9 9.9 9.2 All countries 9.8 8.7 7.7 6.8 5.9 5.2 4.7 4.3 4.0 Studied countries 3.1 2.7 2.4 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 18.9 16.6 14.4 12.4 10.5 8.8 7.8 7.0 6.3 All countries 3.8 3.4 3.0 Land per worker (Ha) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 8.6 8.3 7.7 7.1 6.4 5.7 4.9 4.2 3.8 Burkina Faso 9.6 9.2 8.6 7.9 7.3 6.5 5.8 5.2 4.7 Cameroon 17.5 16.2 14.9 13.5 12.1 10.7 9.4 8.1 7.2 Chad 77.8 72.4 66.3 61.0 56.0 49.9 43.6 38.1 33.5 WEST AFRICA Ghana 6.5 6.0 5.4 4.7 4.1 3.5 3.0 2.6 2.3 Mali 48.2 43.7 39.3 35.6 32.2 28.9 25.9 23.2 20.8 Nigeria 5.2 4.8 4.3 3.7 3.3 2.9 2.5 2.2 1.9 Senegal 11.7 10.5 9.2 8.2 7.2 6.4 5.6 5.0 4.4 Togo 7.7 6.9 5.8 5.4 4.8 4.1 3.6 3.1 2.7 Studied countries 13.8 12.6 11.4 10.1 9.0 7.9 6.9 6.0 5.3 Other countries 51.5 45.9 40.0 34.6 29.5 25.3 21.9 19.0 17.0 All countries 18.6 17.0 15.2 13.5 11.9 10.4 9.1 7.9 7.0 Ethiopia 4.1 3.8 3.4 Kenya 12.7 11.2 9.7 8.2 6.8 5.6 4.7 3.9 3.5 EAST AFRICA Sudan 51.6 46.9 41.5 36.1 31.0 27.0 23.9 20.8 18.4 Tanzania 14.7 13.0 11.3 9.9 8.6 7.3 6.2 5.3 4.8 Uganda 4.9 4.3 3.7 3.3 2.9 2.5 2.1 1.9 1.7 Studied countries 7.2 6.3 5.6 Other countries 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 All countries 6.7 5.9 5.2 Madagascar 19.9 17.9 15.8 14.0 12.3 10.8 9.5 8.3 7.3 Mozambique 17.2 15.9 14.3 12.7 11.5 11.3 10.6 9.0 8.2 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 17.6 15.8 13.9 12.2 10.6 9.2 8.0 7.1 6.6 Zambia 47.6 42.5 36.7 31.6 27.1 23.0 19.9 17.8 16.6 Zimbabwe 20.0 17.7 15.4 13.3 11.2 9.2 7.8 7.0 6.7 Studied countries 20.7 18.7 16.6 14.5 12.7 11.3 9.9 8.7 8.0 Other countries 4.7 4.3 3.8 3.3 2.9 2.3 1.9 1.8 1.7 All countries 19.1 17.3 15.3 13.4 11.7 10.3 9.0 8.0 7.3 SAHARAN Studied countries 7.7 6.7 6.0 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 26.1 23.6 20.8 18.2 15.7 13.3 11.8 10.8 9.5 All countries 8.2 7.2 6.4 Egypt 9.4 8.5 7.7 7.1 6.4 5.7 5.0 4.4 3.8 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 10.1 9.3 8.2 7.0 6.0 5.3 4.6 4.1 3.7 Studied countries 9.6 8.7 7.9 7.1 6.3 5.6 4.9 4.3 3.8 Other countries 82.1 78.5 70.7 59.6 49.8 42.1 35.8 29.8 25.6 All countries 28.4 26.1 23.6 20.8 18.2 15.9 13.8 11.9 10.4 Studied countries 7.3 6.4 5.7 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 44.9 41.3 36.8 31.8 27.1 22.9 20.1 17.7 15.5 All countries 9.1 8.0 7.1 Arable land per worker (Ha) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.7 0.8 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.9 Burkina Faso 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.8 Cameroon 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 Chad 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 WEST AFRICA Ghana 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Mali 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.8 0.8 Nigeria 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 Senegal 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 Togo 2.6 2.3 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 Studied countries 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 Other countries 3.1 2.8 2.3 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.3 All countries 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 Ethiopia 0.4 0.4 0.4 Kenya 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 EAST AFRICA Sudan 2.4 2.2 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.3 Tanzania 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 Uganda 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 Studied countries 0.5 0.5 0.5 Other countries 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 All countries 0.5 0.5 0.4 Madagascar 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 Mozambique 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 Zambia 3.1 2.8 2.4 2.1 1.9 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 Zimbabwe 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.6 Studied countries 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 Other countries 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 All countries 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 SAHARAN Studied countries 0.7 0.6 0.6 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 All countries 0.7 0.7 0.6 Egypt 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 Studied countries 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 Other countries 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.7 All countries 1.0 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.4 Studied countries 0.6 0.6 0.5 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 1.0 0.9 0.8 All countries 0.7 0.6 0.6 Agricultural land per capita (Ha) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 Burkina Faso 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.9 Cameroon 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.7 0.7 0.6 Chad 14.9 13.6 12.2 11.0 9.9 8.7 7.5 6.5 5.6 WEST AFRICA Ghana 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 Mali 7.0 6.3 5.5 4.9 4.4 3.9 3.5 3.2 2.8 Nigeria 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.6 0.6 Senegal 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.8 Togo 1.9 1.6 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 Studied countries 2.5 2.2 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.9 Other countries 6.2 5.3 4.5 3.7 3.2 2.7 2.5 2.2 2.0 All countries 2.9 2.6 2.3 2.0 1.8 1.5 1.4 1.2 1.1 Ethiopia 0.6 0.5 0.5 Kenya 2.9 2.5 2.1 1.8 1.5 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.8 EAST AFRICA Sudan 8.9 8.0 7.1 6.1 5.2 4.8 4.6 4.3 4.0 Tanzania 4.0 3.5 3.2 2.7 2.3 2.0 1.7 1.5 1.3 Uganda 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 Studied countries 1.6 1.4 1.3 Other countries 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 All countries 1.5 1.4 1.2 Madagascar 4.6 4.1 3.6 3.2 2.8 2.5 2.1 1.8 1.6 Mozambique 5.8 5.3 4.8 4.2 3.7 3.6 3.3 2.9 2.6 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 5.4 4.7 4.1 3.7 3.3 2.9 2.7 2.4 2.2 Zambia 10.3 8.9 7.6 6.4 5.4 4.6 4.0 3.5 3.2 Zimbabwe 4.7 4.1 3.5 3.0 2.5 2.1 1.8 1.7 1.6 Studied countries 5.8 5.0 4.4 3.9 3.4 3.0 2.7 2.4 2.2 Other countries 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 All countries 5.3 4.7 4.1 3.6 3.2 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.0 SAHARAN Studied countries 1.7 1.5 1.3 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 3.5 3.0 2.6 2.2 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.3 All countries 1.6 1.5 1.3 Egypt 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 Studied countries 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 Other countries 3.8 3.4 3.0 2.6 2.1 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.4 All countries 1.6 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 Studied countries 1.4 1.3 1.2 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 3.6 3.2 2.8 2.4 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.3 All countries 1.5 1.3 1.2 Agricultural land per agricultural worker (Ha) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.2 Burkina Faso 3.1 3.0 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.4 2.2 2.0 2.0 Cameroon 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.3 3.2 3.0 2.7 2.5 2.5 Chad 31.2 29.5 27.6 26.1 24.6 22.6 20.5 18.9 17.6 WEST AFRICA Ghana 5.4 5.0 4.5 4.1 3.6 3.2 2.9 2.7 2.6 Mali 13.4 12.2 11.1 10.4 9.6 8.8 8.1 7.9 7.4 Nigeria 5.5 5.1 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.7 Senegal 5.9 5.3 4.7 4.2 3.8 3.4 3.1 2.7 2.5 Togo 5.5 5.1 4.3 4.1 3.9 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.1 Studied countries 7.1 6.6 6.2 6.1 5.8 5.5 5.2 4.9 4.7 Other countries 14.6 13.5 12.1 10.8 9.8 8.9 8.5 8.1 7.7 All countries 8.1 7.6 7.1 6.8 6.5 6.1 5.8 5.5 5.3 Ethiopia 1.5 1.4 1.3 Kenya 6.4 5.8 5.1 4.4 3.7 3.2 2.7 2.4 2.2 EAST AFRICA Sudan 27.9 26.6 24.8 22.6 20.1 19.1 18.6 18.3 17.4 Tanzania 7.7 7.0 6.6 6.0 5.4 4.6 4.0 3.5 3.3 Uganda 2.5 2.4 2.1 2.0 1.9 1.7 1.5 1.4 1.3 Studied countries 4.3 4.0 3.7 Other countries 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.6 All countries 3.9 3.7 3.4 Madagascar 10.5 9.5 8.6 7.9 7.1 6.4 5.8 5.2 4.7 Mozambique 11.7 10.9 10.0 9.0 8.2 8.2 7.8 6.7 6.2 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 40.4 38.2 39.0 44.7 50.2 49.4 51.3 54.6 59.3 Zambia 26.8 24.7 22.0 19.4 17.0 14.5 12.8 11.9 11.5 Zimbabwe 12.4 11.4 10.3 9.2 8.0 6.8 6.1 5.8 5.7 Studied countries 19.2 17.7 16.3 15.2 14.0 13.0 12.1 11.1 10.5 Other countries 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 0.9 0.9 0.9 All countries 16.8 15.4 14.2 13.1 12.1 11.0 10.1 9.4 8.8 SAHARAN Studied countries 5.9 5.5 5.1 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 7.4 6.8 6.2 5.6 5.0 4.4 4.3 4.2 3.9 All countries 5.7 5.3 5.0 Egypt 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 7.5 7.7 7.7 7.4 7.4 7.3 7.4 7.3 7.1 Studied countries 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.8 2.7 Other countries 19.5 21.2 22.8 23.3 22.4 22.1 21.6 19.3 17.7 All countries 6.9 6.8 6.8 6.6 6.3 6.4 6.6 6.3 6.0 Studied countries 5.6 5.2 4.9 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 10.5 10.2 9.6 8.9 7.9 7.0 6.7 6.4 5.9 All countries 5.7 5.4 5.1 Agriculture (% GDP) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 42 34 33 33 34 35 37 36 Burkina Faso 34 31 29 28 28 29 34 32 Cameroon 32 31 31 26 23 27 41 43 Chad 38 37 37 40 33 33 35 40 WEST AFRICA Ghana 43 48 56 55 48 42 37 36 Mali 59 53 55 40 42 43 43 34 Nigeria 49 35 29 28 36 28 33 25 Senegal 25 23 26 19 21 19 19 18 Togo 44 30 29 30 33 36 38 39 Studied countries 44 36 32 30 33 30 34 29 Other countries 44 36 29 26 29 30 25 24 All countries 44 36 31 29 32 30 32 28 Ethiopia 50 47 54 48 41 Kenya 33 31 32 29 27 26 28 26 EAST AFRICA Sudan 36 39 34 31 33 41 39 Tanzania 43 43 41 Uganda 46 56 71 54 53 49 39 31 Studied countries 39 35 Other countries 62 51 47 43 39 46 43 All countries 39 35 Madagascar 22 25 29 30 31 26 27 27 Mozambique 32 44 35 32 21 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 9 7 6 5 5 4 4 3 Zambia 12 12 15 14 15 20 18 20 Zimbabwe 20 18 16 14 15 13 17 14 Studied countries 8 8 6 6 5 Other countries 44 40 40 38 41 37 31 35 All countries 8 8 6 6 6 SAHARAN Studied countries 18 17 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 39 33 30 32 32 28 26 All countries 19 18 Egypt 25 27 24 19 19 16 16 15 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 22 21 18 16 17 17 16 16 Studied countries 24 25 21 18 18 17 16 15 Other countries 10 7 7 6 9 All countries 18 15 12 10 13 Studied countries 17 17 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 14 12 10 13 All countries Industry (%GDP) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 11 14 14 14 13 13 14 14 Burkina Faso 21 24 23 20 21 19 17 18 Cameroon 20 19 19 30 30 26 21 17 Chad 13 14 13 12 14 14 13 14 WEST AFRICA Ghana 19 18 16 9 17 20 25 25 Mali 10 11 10 13 15 16 15 24 Nigeria 12 24 33 36 32 50 41 48 Senegal 12 14 15 16 18 19 20 20 Togo 22 25 23 23 22 23 19 20 Studied countries 14 22 28 31 27 34 31 36 Other countries 14 17 18 25 23 24 26 27 All countries 14 21 27 30 26 32 30 35 Ethiopia 12 13 9 9 9 Kenya 17 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 EAST AFRICA Sudan 14 12 12 14 16 13 20 Tanzania 15 14 15 Uganda 12 11 6 9 10 12 16 19 Studied countries 14 16 Other countries 10 17 19 18 20 17 20 All countries 14 16 Madagascar 13 15 15 13 12 11 11 14 Mozambique 28 18 15 19 26 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 36 37 40 42 38 34 30 29 Zambia 57 52 40 38 44 41 28 24 Zimbabwe 28 31 31 26 29 32 22 19 Studied countries 39 37 33 29 28 Other countries 15 16 19 19 21 24 17 15 All countries 39 37 33 29 28 SAHARAN Studied countries 27 28 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 16 18 24 22 23 24 26 All countries 27 28 Egypt 24 24 27 32 27 30 29 32 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 28 30 33 33 33 32 32 31 Studied countries 25 26 30 32 29 31 30 32 Other countries 48 55 55 54 45 All countries 36 42 46 47 39 Studied countries 28 29 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 47 48 50 41 All countries Services (% GDP) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 48 52 53 52 52 51 49 50 Burkina Faso 45 45 48 52 51 51 50 50 Cameroon 49 51 51 45 46 46 38 40 Chad 49 49 49 48 53 53 52 46 WEST AFRICA Ghana 38 34 29 36 35 38 38 39 Mali 32 35 36 47 43 41 42 42 Nigeria 39 41 38 36 32 22 26 27 Senegal 63 63 59 65 61 62 61 62 Togo 34 46 49 48 45 41 42 41 Studied countries 42 42 40 39 40 36 35 35 Other countries 42 48 53 49 48 46 49 49 All countries 42 43 42 41 42 38 38 37 Ethiopia 38 40 36 43 50 Kenya 50 51 51 54 57 59 57 59 EAST AFRICA Sudan 50 49 54 55 52 46 41 Tanzania 42 44 44 Uganda 41 33 22 37 37 39 45 50 Studied countries 47 49 Other countries 28 32 35 39 41 37 37 All countries 47 48 Madagascar 65 60 57 58 57 63 62 59 Mozambique 40 39 50 49 52 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 55 56 54 53 57 62 66 68 Zambia 31 37 45 48 41 39 54 57 Zimbabwe 52 51 53 60 55 55 61 67 Studied countries 53 56 61 65 67 Other countries 41 44 40 43 38 39 52 50 All countries 53 55 61 65 67 SAHARAN Studied countries 55 55 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 45 49 47 45 45 48 48 All countries 55 54 Egypt 51 49 49 50 54 53 55 53 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 50 49 49 52 50 51 52 54 Studied countries 51 49 49 50 53 52 54 53 Other countries 42 38 39 39 46 All countries 47 43 42 43 49 Studied countries 55 54 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 39 41 40 46 All countries Agricultural GDP (% world) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Burkina Faso 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Cameroon 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 Chad 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 WEST AFRICA Ghana 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 Mali 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Nigeria 1.4 1.8 1.7 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.1 Senegal 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Togo 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Studied countries 2.1 2.6 2.5 1.8 1.6 1.8 2.1 Other countries 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 All countries 2.5 3.1 3.0 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.5 Ethiopia 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.2 Kenya 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 EAST AFRICA Sudan 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.5 Tanzania 0.2 0.3 0.3 Uganda 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 Studied countries 1.3 1.5 Other countries 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 All countries 1.4 1.6 Madagascar 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Mozambique 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.4 0.4 Zambia 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 Zimbabwe 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Studied countries 1.0 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.8 Other countries 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 All countries 1.1 1.0 0.8 0.8 0.8 SAHARAN Studied countries 3.8 4.4 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.5 0.5 All countries 4.4 4.9 Egypt 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.7 1.0 1.1 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 Studied countries 1.0 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.1 1.5 1.6 Other countries 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.9 All countries 1.3 1.4 1.6 2.0 Studied countries 5.3 6.0 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 0.8 1.1 1.3 1.6 All countries Official exchange rate (LCU per US$) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 245.1 248.9 253.5 227.5 325.9 342.6 331.5 560.0 650.3 Burkina Faso 245.1 248.9 253.5 227.5 325.9 342.6 331.5 560.0 650.3 Cameroon 245.1 248.9 253.5 227.5 325.9 342.6 331.5 560.0 650.3 WEST AFRICA Chad 245.1 248.9 253.5 227.5 325.9 342.6 331.5 560.0 650.3 Ghana 0.7 0.9 1.1 1.6 10.6 153.9 547.4 1974.3 7648.1 Mali 245.1 248.9 249.0 227.5 325.9 342.6 331.5 560.0 650.3 Nigeria 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.7 3.7 15.9 36.0 119.1 Senegal 245.1 248.9 253.5 227.5 325.9 342.6 331.5 560.0 650.3 Togo 245.1 248.9 253.5 227.5 325.9 342.6 331.5 560.0 650.3 Ethiopia 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.1 2.1 2.1 3.5 6.9 8.5 EAST AFRICA Kenya 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.8 11.0 17.5 39.3 59.6 77.7 Sudan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 11.2 158.8 259.6 Tanzania 7.1 7.1 7.1 8.0 10.4 71.4 325.4 635.3 954.2 Uganda 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 1.3 78.6 894.2 1158.6 1794.3 Madagascar 49.4 49.9 95.1 45.5 73.6 216.7 407.0 1005.7 1429.0 SOUTHERN AFRICA Mozambique 28.8 28.8 27.1 30.9 37.6 328.8 2958.6 11302.3 21194.5 South Africa 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.8 1.1 2.3 3.0 4.8 8.0 Zambia 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 1.1 8.5 277.9 1527.3 4126.5 Zimbabwe 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.6 0.9 1.8 5.2 18.6 1184.1 AFRICA NORTH Egypt 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.7 2.9 3.4 4.8 Morocco 5.1 5.1 4.6 4.2 6.2 8.8 8.8 9.2 10.3 Black market premium (%) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 5.0 9.1 0.2 3.3 2.5 1.9 2.4 0.0 Burkina Faso 5.0 9.1 0.2 3.3 2.5 1.9 2.5 0.0 Cameroon 5.0 9.1 0.2 3.3 2.5 1.9 2.5 0.0 WEST AFRICA Chad 5.0 9.1 0.2 3.3 2.5 1.9 2.5 0.0 Ghana 41.3 92.3 34.4 319.6 1321.8 72.9 5.1 0.8 Mali 1.3 4.0 6.1 1.9 2.5 0.0 Nigeria 8.5 29.4 51.8 67.5 199.6 130.1 59.7 243.0 Senegal 5.0 9.1 0.2 3.3 2.5 1.9 2.5 0.0 Togo 5.0 9.1 0.2 3.3 2.5 1.9 2.5 0.0 Ethiopia 15.8 20.2 19.3 81.5 71.8 163.3 204.8 18.0 EAST AFRICA Kenya 1.4 18.0 34.1 9.0 21.6 10.1 26.6 5.2 Sudan 35.3 50.2 63.4 59.0 57.7 173.0 285.3 -26.0 Tanzania 1.4 18.4 92.6 111.9 241.8 160.6 38.7 5.7 Uganda 1.4 18.2 131.4 772.2 276.4 278.8 31.6 7.1 Madagascar 5.0 9.1 -0.5 19.7 50.9 12.7 7.1 5.6 SOUTHERN AFRICA Mozambique 0.2 -0.4 76.9 577.2 778.4 1832.6 6.9 South Africa 7.5 6.5 6.5 4.9 -9.9 11.2 5.5 1.4 Zambia 8.6 26.5 73.9 139.4 55.0 246.8 112.5 12.6 Zimbabwe 8.6 29.7 37.2 120.6 92.0 59.4 34.8 230.8 AFRICA NORTH Egypt 81.1 97.7 73.5 1.5 1.9 17.6 21.0 1.1 Morocco 20.0 12.1 2.8 7.5 5.6 4.7 6.2 0.9 Total exports of goods and services ($ billions) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 Burkina Faso 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 Cameroon 1.1 1.5 1.4 2.2 2.0 Chad 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 WEST AFRICA Ghana 1.1 1.1 1.0 1.2 2.0 2.6 Mali 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.9 Nigeria 13.9 16.3 8.7 12.3 13.9 22.4 Senegal 0.5 0.7 0.9 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.5 Togo 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 Studied countries 17.3 20.6 13.3 18.5 Other countries 3.1 4.6 5.0 5.0 All countries 20.5 25.2 18.4 23.5 Ethiopia 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.5 0.9 1.2 Kenya 1.3 1.6 1.8 2.4 2.9 3.3 EAST AFRICA Sudan 0.7 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.7 2.4 Tanzania 0.6 0.6 0.4 0.6 1.2 1.7 Uganda 0.4 0.3 0.3 0.7 0.8 Studied countries 4.0 3.9 4.3 6.4 9.4 Other countries 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 All countries 4.2 4.5 6.6 9.6 Madagascar 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.5 0.8 1.1 Mozambique 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.5 1.2 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 6.0 13.1 22.2 22.2 27.4 33.4 40.3 Zambia 1.2 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.1 0.8 Zimbabwe 1.0 1.4 1.6 2.0 Studied countries 25.5 25.4 31.2 Other countries 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.5 All countries 25.8 25.7 31.6 SAHARAN Studied countries 50.1 42.7 53.9 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 5.6 5.6 All countries 48.3 59.6 Egypt 3.4 5.9 8.1 10.7 12.5 16.2 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 2.1 3.0 4.3 6.4 9.7 12.9 Studied countries 5.5 8.9 12.4 17.0 22.2 29.1 Other countries 22.1 31.9 22.0 29.5 All countries 27.6 40.9 34.4 46.5 Studied countries 59.0 55.1 71.0 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 27.6 35.1 All countries 82.7 106.1 Total imports of goods and services ($ billions) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.9 0.9 Burkina Faso 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 Cameroon 1.4 2.0 2.4 2.0 1.7 Chad 0.3 0.2 0.4 0.4 WEST AFRICA Ghana 1.2 1.2 1.3 2.2 3.0 4.0 Mali 0.3 0.5 0.7 1.0 1.2 1.4 Nigeria 14.7 18.6 6.3 9.8 12.8 15.2 Senegal 0.6 0.9 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 2.4 Togo 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.8 0.8 Studied countries 19.9 25.5 14.3 19.0 Other countries 3.7 5.4 5.2 5.7 All countries 23.7 30.9 19.5 24.8 Ethiopia 0.6 1.0 1.3 1.2 1.7 2.6 Kenya 1.7 2.1 2.3 2.6 3.8 4.3 EAST AFRICA Sudan 1.4 1.7 1.3 1.1 1.7 3.4 Tanzania 1.1 1.2 1.2 1.8 2.3 2.7 Uganda 0.5 0.7 0.8 1.9 2.0 Studied countries 6.6 6.8 7.5 11.5 15.0 Other countries 0.8 0.8 0.6 0.6 All countries 7.6 8.2 12.2 15.6 Madagascar 0.4 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8 1.1 1.4 Mozambique 0.8 0.8 1.2 1.2 2.0 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 6.1 9.6 21.8 18.3 24.4 35.8 43.8 Zambia 1.1 1.5 1.1 1.0 1.0 1.3 Zimbabwe 1.0 1.8 1.7 2.6 Studied countries 26.7 22.4 30.0 Other countries 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.9 0.8 0.8 All countries 27.2 22.9 30.9 SAHARAN Studied countries 58.9 43.5 56.5 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 6.5 7.4 All countries 50.1 63.9 Egypt 6.7 11.4 18.5 14.1 20.0 19.7 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 4.2 5.3 5.5 8.8 11.8 15.8 Studied countries 10.9 16.7 24.0 22.8 31.7 35.6 Other countries 18.5 26.6 20.7 23.9 All countries 29.5 43.3 44.7 46.8 Studied countries 75.6 67.6 79.4 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 27.2 31.3 All countries 94.8 110.7 Primary agriculture exports (% primary agriculture and processed food exports)* 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2002 Botswana 13 South Africa 47 Rest of S. African 65 59 59 60 63 10 Customs Union Malawi 98 88 82 79 87 93 93 89 Mozambique 79 77 82 73 66 40 37 34 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Tanzania 82 70 Zambia 84 81 66 79 97 78 66 68 Zimbabwe 71 42 59 78 81 84 82 82 Rest of S. African Dev Com 19 5 Madagascar 59 57 Uganda 97 98 99 100 100 95 89 81 Rest of S. S. Africa 78 77 82 82 84 75 75 73 All Sub-Saharan 61 Morocco 71 63 64 62 62 51 43 36 NORTH AFRICA Other countries 53 50 48 All countries 52 46 41 AFRICA TOTAL All countries 58 Agricultural and food exports (% merchandise exports) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 96 88 89 84 76 80 66 92 Burkina Faso 88 95 93 92 87 84 85 Cameroon 78 80 86 81 55 57 35 52 40 Chad 94 96 88 83 WEST AFRICA Ghana 86 80 83 83 70 66 70 67 Mali 96 97 89 91 98 99 98 89 55 Nigeria 79 60 12 6 3 3 2 1 0 Senegal 88 83 60 61 37 49 47 17 40 Togo 72 57 39 37 28 41 46 48 36 Studied countries 85 70 30 18 Other countries 100 86 81 72 51 53 All countries 88 74 38 27 Ethiopia 95 90 86 Kenya 65 58 71 57 64 57 EAST AFRICA Sudan 96 98 98 96 94 93 97 89 19 Tanzania 83 79 91 83 71 Uganda 97 97 90 84 Studied countries 77 48 Other countries 89 71 All countries 77 49 Madagascar 91 87 82 83 83 80 75 57 60 Mozambique 77 76 32 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 35 26 11 11 14 12 Zambia 3 1 1 5 10 17 Zimbabwe 46 51 53 56 53 Studied countries 15 18 15 Other countries 95 89 92 92 93 96 89 88 All countries 16 19 16 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries 56 All countries Egypt 71 66 44 23 20 15 15 16 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 56 57 44 33 28 30 30 30 23 Studied countries 65 56 39 25 24 23 25 20 Other countries 11 5 2 2 3 3 All countries 28 17 7 7 7 9 Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 14 All countries Other primary goods exports (% merchandise exports) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0 4 1 2 5 10 29 0 Burkina Faso 3 1 0 0 0 2 2 Cameroon 18 14 8 13 40 26 57 40 55 Chad 3 2 7 9 WEST AFRICA Ghana 11 17 13 14 28 27 15 18 Mali 1 1 1 0 2 8 Nigeria 17 37 87 94 96 96 97 97 98 Senegal 7 9 23 28 45 26 24 32 23 Togo 22 36 55 55 57 50 46 33 16 Studied countries 14 26 68 80 Other countries 2 2 8 28 All countries 12 20 59 Ethiopia 4 2 2 Kenya 20 29 16 13 11 21 EAST AFRICA Sudan 1 1 2 3 4 1 0 1 77 Tanzania 4 7 1 10 Uganda 3 0 1 7 Studied countries 6 33 Other countries 23 All countries 32 Madagascar 4 6 10 10 10 9 8 11 6 Mozambique 11 11 62 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 17 20 13 14 21 25 Zambia 97 98 98 91 77 69 Zimbabwe 19 19 14 12 19 Studied countries 17 22 26 Other countries 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 All countries 16 21 26 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries All countries Egypt 6 7 30 67 50 49 45 45 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 37 36 43 48 40 24 15 14 11 Studied countries 18 24 38 55 40 30 24 24 Other countries 87 95 74 83 87 75 All countries 65 79 69 79 75 60 Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries All countries Other manufactures exports (% merchandise exports) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 4 8 10 11 15 10 5 8 Burkina Faso 8 4 7 8 12 14 13 Cameroon 3 6 10 6 5 16 9 8 5 Chad 1 1 3 8 WEST AFRICA Ghana 2 1 2 2 1 8 15 15 Mali 3 2 10 9 2 1 2 8 36 Nigeria 2 2 0 0 0 0 1 2 2 Senegal 5 8 18 12 17 25 29 51 36 Togo 6 7 6 7 15 8 8 20 48 Studied countries 3 3 2 1 Other countries 12 12 10 8 8 15 All countries 5 5 3 2 Ethiopia 1 8 12 Kenya 15 13 13 29 25 23 EAST AFRICA Sudan 2 1 0 1 3 6 3 6 3 Tanzania 13 14 8 15 18 Uganda 0 2 9 10 Studied countries 17 13 Other countries 3 4 All countries 16 13 Madagascar 5 7 8 7 8 10 16 29 33 Mozambique 11 13 5 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 30 35 18 36 53 58 Zambia 1 1 1 5 12 14 Zimbabwe 31 29 32 31 28 Studied countries 35 50 54 Other countries 5 7 7 8 7 9 11 12 All countries 34 49 54 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries 14 All countries Egypt 24 27 26 11 30 36 39 33 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 7 8 13 19 33 46 54 57 67 Studied countries 17 21 23 20 36 46 51 53 Other countries 4 3 2 3 9 14 21 All countries 8 7 5 6 16 22 29 Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 19 All countries Services exports (% total exports of goods and services) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 39 52 45 28 29 26 26 Burkina Faso 21 30 36 29 39 14 Cameroon 21 28 32 17 16 Chad 14 13 32 19 WEST AFRICA Ghana 10 8 7 11 14 22 Mali 22 22 27 17 15 17 Nigeria 6 4 4 7 6 11 Senegal 25 28 37 37 38 30 30 Togo 7 16 27 33 30 18 15 Studied countries 9 8 12 12 Other countries 15 14 14 16 All countries 10 9 12 13 Ethiopia 19 26 41 54 45 57 Kenya 28 34 42 46 32 34 EAST AFRICA Sudan 22 37 34 22 9 2 Tanzania 21 23 26 36 46 43 Uganda 7 4 19 23 36 Studied countries 30 35 41 33 31 Other countries 19 27 26 41 All countries 34 40 33 31 Madagascar 14 13 15 24 33 35 28 Mozambique 33 46 52 55 26 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 14 12 11 10 12 15 15 Zambia 9 11 6 7 10 15 Zimbabwe 7 11 13 16 Studied countries 11 11 13 Other countries 11 10 10 8 7 9 All countries 11 11 13 SAHARAN Studied countries 11 13 15 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 14 15 All countries 13 15 Egypt 49 47 46 68 72 66 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 27 27 32 31 27 37 Studied countries 41 40 41 54 52 53 Other countries 5 5 9 8 All countries 12 13 20 25 Studied countries 16 20 25 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 10 9 All countries 16 20 Primary agriculture imports (% prim. agriculture and proc. food imports)* 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2002 Botswana 25 South Africa 31 Rest of S. African 56 32 33 42 27 28 Customs Union Malawi 56 42 27 17 48 57 50 36 Mozambique 34 22 47 45 33 46 47 29 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Tanzania 22 25 Zambia 45 41 52 69 54 57 48 42 Zimbabwe 74 65 50 57 57 64 56 53 Rest of S. African Dev Com 19 14 Madagascar 13 7 Uganda 50 31 27 15 11 11 17 30 Rest of S. S. Africa 27 28 23 21 23 21 25 26 All Sub-Saharan 26 Morocco 54 54 58 59 59 58 61 63 NORTH AFRICA Other countries 44 49 52 All countries 46 51 53 AFRICA TOTAL All countries 38 Agricultural and food imports (% merchandise imports) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 25 23 22 25 26 41 31 27 Burkina Faso 34 32 30 24 26 21 17 Cameroon 17 13 15 11 10 16 19 18 19 Chad 18 18 25 16 25 WEST AFRICA Ghana 19 18 22 14 12 12 11 20 Mali 22 23 44 20 20 23 26 21 16 Nigeria 12 10 11 14 19 18 7 22 21 Senegal 36 40 36 26 27 25 31 30 29 Togo 26 23 22 15 24 25 24 19 20 Studied countries 19 17 17 15 21 Other countries 20 17 18 15 21 22 All countries 19 17 18 15 21 Ethiopia 17 9 15 Kenya 9 10 10 16 15 14 EAST AFRICA Sudan 24 23 25 17 23 18 19 19 20 Tanzania 10 11 19 18 16 Uganda 9 19 19 17 Studied countries 16 15 Other countries 23 19 All countries 16 16 Madagascar 15 15 19 17 16 15 14 15 15 Mozambique 19 25 13 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 10 9 7 8 9 8 6 Zambia 10 12 9 13 11 Zimbabwe 11 7 10 10 14 Studied countries 8 7 Other countries 16 15 8 10 8 11 13 17 All countries 9 7 SAHARAN Studied countries 13 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 21 All countries 14 Egypt 38 42 33 35 34 34 31 30 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 35 36 33 26 25 21 19 21 16 Studied countries 38 38 31 32 31 27 27 23 Other countries 22 23 19 21 26 24 25 20 All countries 30 28 24 25 29 26 26 21 Studied countries 17 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 24 All countries 19 Other primary goods imports (% merchandise imports) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 8 6 7 11 7 1 14 19 Burkina Faso 5 8 9 11 17 17 22 Cameroon 8 8 9 11 10 3 3 14 19 Chad 16 17 17 15 19 WEST AFRICA Ghana 8 7 13 18 27 18 17 15 Mali 7 9 10 17 32 18 21 18 23 Nigeria 10 8 4 4 4 4 2 4 8 Senegal 6 5 9 15 28 24 14 20 24 Togo 7 5 7 13 15 7 10 35 21 Studied countries 8 7 7 7 11 Other countries 7 7 9 13 19 19 All countries 8 7 7 8 13 Ethiopia 22 16 16 Kenya 24 36 22 20 18 23 EAST AFRICA Sudan 7 6 8 3 20 38 20 15 5 Tanzania 16 27 47 9 17 Uganda 31 5 10 16 Studied countries 14 15 Other countries 16 17 All countries 14 15 Madagascar 6 7 12 18 19 20 17 22 26 Mozambique 15 12 13 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 3 3 2 3 2 11 15 Zambia 10 11 17 13 13 Zimbabwe 23 23 15 12 25 Studied countries 12 16 Other countries 7 10 14 18 13 11 12 12 All countries 12 16 SAHARAN Studied countries 12 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 18 All countries 12 Egypt 10 8 5 5 5 6 6 9 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 6 7 11 16 31 25 20 17 19 Studied countries 9 9 9 13 9 12 11 14 Other countries 4 5 5 6 6 5 5 6 All countries 7 6 6 9 7 8 8 10 Studied countries 12 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 7 All countries 10 Other manufactures imports (% merchandise imports) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 67 71 71 64 66 58 54 54 Burkina Faso 61 60 61 65 58 63 61 Cameroon 74 78 85 78 81 81 78 68 62 Chad 64 63 56 69 56 WEST AFRICA Ghana 72 74 64 63 56 70 68 65 Mali 71 67 45 63 47 59 53 61 60 Nigeria 77 80 84 82 77 78 67 73 72 Senegal 59 54 55 59 44 51 54 51 47 Togo 67 71 71 71 60 67 65 47 59 Studied countries 73 74 75 78 68 Other countries 79 75 72 71 60 53 All countries 74 74 75 77 65 Ethiopia 61 75 68 Kenya 68 53 68 64 67 62 EAST AFRICA Sudan 67 70 67 76 57 42 61 65 75 Tanzania 75 62 34 73 67 Uganda 60 76 71 67 Studied countries 69 63 Other countries 63 65 All countries 69 63 Madagascar 79 78 69 65 64 65 67 62 59 Mozambique 64 62 51 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 86 87 68 70 80 74 69 Zambia 79 77 74 74 76 Zimbabwe 64 68 72 76 59 Studied countries 73 68 Other countries 74 74 77 72 67 74 69 71 All countries 73 68 SAHARAN Studied countries 71 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 56 All countries 70 Egypt 51 51 62 60 61 61 60 52 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 58 56 55 58 44 55 61 62 65 Studied countries 53 53 60 55 60 61 61 59 Other countries 77 76 76 73 68 70 72 76 All countries 66 68 70 66 64 66 66 68 Studied countries 68 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 69 All countries 68 Services imports (% total imports of goods and services) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 22 22 23 23 29 23 25 Burkina Faso 26 35 35 31 30 18 Cameroon 29 36 41 42 29 Chad 35 28 47 49 WEST AFRICA Ghana 22 19 19 17 18 19 Mali 34 33 41 37 33 30 Nigeria 23 19 18 24 34 31 Senegal 20 22 28 32 35 24 20 Togo 24 24 26 31 35 21 19 Studied countries 24 22 27 28 Other countries 37 38 40 44 All countries 26 25 30 32 Ethiopia 25 21 22 28 23 25 Kenya 21 20 21 24 20 17 EAST AFRICA Sudan 17 20 22 18 12 24 Tanzania 18 17 19 23 37 29 Uganda 26 26 37 33 28 Studied countries 20 22 25 25 23 Other countries 31 33 35 38 All countries 23 26 25 24 Madagascar 28 29 31 38 34 37 35 Mozambique 15 21 22 30 28 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 17 20 15 16 18 16 15 Zambia 39 30 27 27 24 26 Zimbabwe 24 23 24 23 Studied countries 17 18 20 Other countries 28 30 33 31 23 24 All countries 17 18 20 SAHARAN Studied countries 19 21 23 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 38 41 All countries 24 25 Egypt 24 23 17 33 30 36 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 28 22 20 18 16 16 Studied countries 26 23 17 27 25 27 Other countries 21 21 19 16 All countries 23 22 18 21 Studied countries 20 20 24 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 23 22 All countries 21 24 Total exports of goods and services (% GDP) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 10 8 10 21 27 27 22 Burkina Faso 6 6 7 7 6 9 Cameroon 25 20 13 20 25 Chad 11 11 14 13 WEST AFRICA Ghana 32 25 19 19 28 40 Mali 12 14 15 18 24 29 Nigeria 35 34 37 46 42 42 Senegal 37 33 34 24 22 30 29 Togo 36 27 34 29 25 33 35 Studied countries 34 30 26 31 Other countries 34 36 34 31 All countries 34 31 28 31 Ethiopia 10 9 7 14 18 Kenya 28 25 23 31 24 24 EAST AFRICA Sudan 9 10 5 5 7 15 Tanzania 9 14 17 17 Uganda 17 7 7 11 13 Studied countries 10 13 15 18 Other countries 9 7 7 8 All countries 10 13 15 17 Madagascar 15 15 11 15 17 22 24 Mozambique 9 5 13 15 26 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 24 31 27 23 22 23 27 Zambia 40 31 36 31 32 24 Zimbabwe 22 19 23 26 Studied countries 25 22 22 Other countries 28 25 23 23 25 25 All countries 25 22 22 SAHARAN Studied countries 21 23 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 29 27 All countries 21 23 Egypt 22 23 22 24 16 18 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 18 20 23 23 28 33 Studied countries 21 22 22 24 20 22 Other countries 47 37 23 31 All countries 38 32 23 28 Studied countries 21 23 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 24 30 All countries 22 25 Total imports of goods and services (% GDP) 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 34 40 41 38 33 42 32 Burkina Faso 26 25 28 25 27 29 Cameroon 32 28 22 19 21 Chad 25 19 33 28 WEST AFRICA Ghana 36 28 25 36 42 61 Mali 31 37 41 41 45 43 Nigeria 37 39 27 37 38 28 Senegal 44 44 55 37 33 41 45 Togo 28 57 59 50 39 52 54 Studied countries 39 38 28 32 Other countries 41 42 36 36 All countries 39 38 29 33 Ethiopia 19 18 15 28 39 Kenya 36 32 30 34 31 31 EAST AFRICA Sudan 17 19 8 12 18 21 Tanzania 25 41 32 27 Uganda 22 14 22 31 32 Studied countries 17 23 28 28 Other countries 24 27 25 27 All countries 17 23 28 28 Madagascar 20 23 19 21 26 30 31 Mozambique 24 24 52 36 44 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 25 23 26 19 19 25 30 Zambia 36 43 38 30 30 41 Zimbabwe 22 25 24 35 Studied countries 26 20 21 Other countries 55 39 40 48 40 43 All countries 26 20 22 SAHARAN Studied countries 21 24 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 34 35 All countries 22 25 Egypt 42 44 50 32 26 22 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 36 34 30 32 34 40 Studied countries 42 40 43 32 29 27 Other countries 39 31 22 25 All countries 40 34 30 28 Studied countries 26 26 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 24 27 All countries 25 26 (X-M)/(X+M): primary agriculture* 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2002 Botswana -0.80 South Africa 0.52 Rest of S. African 0.74 0.84 0.85 0.53 0.71 -0.20 Customs Union Malawi 0.84 0.83 0.93 0.97 0.90 0.82 0.89 0.85 Mozambique 0.84 0.93 0.81 0.41 -0.19 -0.21 0.16 -0.03 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Tanzania 0.79 0.73 Zambia 0.26 -0.22 -0.33 0.01 0.42 0.38 0.32 0.35 Zimbabwe 0.41 0.42 0.94 0.90 0.93 0.79 0.87 0.83 Rest of S. African Dev Com -0.15 -0.66 Madagascar 0.91 0.94 Uganda 1.00 0.98 0.99 0.98 0.99 0.97 0.91 0.80 Rest of S. S. Africa 0.82 0.76 0.77 0.68 0.75 0.73 0.69 0.55 All Sub-Saharan 0.55 Morocco 0.44 0.31 -0.02 -0.21 0.01 0.23 -0.12 -0.24 NORTH AFRICA Other countries -0.42 -0.52 -0.52 All countries -0.73 -0.78 -0.78 AFRICA TOTAL All countries 0.20 (X-M)/(X+M): processed food* 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2002 Botswana -0.18 South Africa 0.25 Rest of S. African 0.65 0.58 0.62 0.21 0.16 0.43 Customs Union Malawi -0.65 -0.06 0.44 0.51 0.42 0.05 0.20 -0.09 Mozambique 0.27 0.47 0.27 -0.10 -0.71 -0.15 0.23 -0.17 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Tanzania -0.32 -0.07 Zambia -0.39 -0.87 -0.66 -0.28 -0.87 -0.62 0.03 -0.24 Zimbabwe 0.91 0.66 0.91 0.71 0.79 0.47 0.61 0.47 Rest of S. African Dev Com -0.07 -0.18 Madagascar 0.37 0.35 Uganda 0.92 0.04 -0.39 -0.98 -1.00 -0.53 -0.33 -0.03 Rest of S. S. Africa 0.03 -0.09 -0.30 -0.51 -0.43 -0.27 -0.24 -0.37 All Sub-Saharan -0.12 Morocco 0.13 0.13 -0.16 -0.25 -0.04 0.34 0.23 0.29 NORTH AFRICA Other countries -0.53 -0.48 -0.35 All countries -0.79 -0.78 -0.73 AFRICA TOTAL All countries -0.20 (X-M)/(X+M): agriculture and food 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.22 0.22 0.22 -0.34 -0.52 0.16 0.13 0.38 Burkina Faso -0.19 0.14 -0.07 0.00 -0.17 0.27 0.29 Cameroon 0.66 0.71 0.70 0.73 0.67 0.44 0.45 0.61 0.40 Chad 0.57 0.54 0.25 0.30 WEST AFRICA Ghana 0.61 0.60 0.63 0.73 0.70 0.51 0.60 0.40 Mali 0.17 0.20 -0.05 0.34 0.38 0.35 0.38 0.48 0.41 Nigeria 0.69 0.73 0.40 -0.35 -0.76 -0.56 -0.44 -0.83 -0.96 Senegal 0.29 0.25 0.07 0.23 -0.22 0.08 -0.01 -0.44 -0.13 Togo 0.30 0.27 0.24 0.14 -0.22 -0.05 0.12 0.25 0.11 Studied countries 0.57 0.58 0.43 0.14 Other countries 0.65 0.69 0.66 0.68 0.49 0.55 All countries 0.59 0.61 0.50 0.31 Ethiopia 0.16 0.57 0.22 Kenya 0.69 0.56 0.63 0.40 0.46 0.41 EAST AFRICA Sudan 0.50 0.60 0.55 0.44 0.27 0.42 0.36 0.31 -0.07 Tanzania 0.64 0.52 0.20 0.29 0.38 Uganda 0.92 0.41 0.32 0.29 Studied countries 0.40 0.28 Other countries 0.11 0.03 All countries 0.39 0.27 Madagascar 0.63 0.59 0.57 0.60 0.56 0.58 0.55 0.49 0.54 Mozambique -0.24 -0.05 0.09 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 0.60 0.63 0.26 0.16 0.27 0.28 Zambia -0.41 -0.66 -0.70 -0.03 0.05 Zimbabwe 0.65 0.78 0.61 0.65 0.41 Studied countries 0.33 0.30 Other countries 0.58 0.59 0.76 0.77 0.80 0.70 0.67 0.55 All countries 0.34 0.32 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries 0.54 All countries Egypt 0.17 0.15 -0.36 -0.62 -0.72 -0.73 -0.78 -0.63 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 0.15 0.15 0.04 -0.23 -0.25 -0.03 -0.01 0.00 -0.06 Studied countries 0.16 0.11 -0.31 -0.51 -0.56 -0.43 -0.42 -0.37 Other countries -0.15 -0.47 -0.76 -0.87 -0.77 -0.78 All countries 0.06 -0.13 -0.51 -0.67 -0.59 -0.57 Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries -0.20 All countries (X-M)/(X+M): other primary goods 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin -0.97 -0.59 -0.87 -0.94 -0.86 0.71 0.11 -0.98 Burkina Faso -0.72 -0.94 -0.98 -0.99 -1.00 -0.91 -0.94 Cameroon 0.40 0.27 -0.10 0.02 0.57 0.73 0.93 0.63 0.54 Chad -0.76 -0.90 -0.69 -0.65 WEST AFRICA Ghana 0.14 0.34 0.08 -0.11 0.03 -0.08 -0.29 -0.34 Mali -0.91 -0.90 -0.92 -0.98 -0.84 -0.62 Nigeria 0.19 0.69 0.95 0.93 0.92 0.94 0.96 0.95 0.92 Senegal -0.05 0.14 0.29 0.12 -0.15 -0.21 0.04 0.04 -0.29 Togo 0.37 0.66 0.75 0.37 0.34 0.61 0.50 -0.23 -0.31 Studied countries 0.14 0.52 0.87 0.85 Other countries -0.53 -0.51 0.02 0.35 All countries 0.09 0.45 0.83 Ethiopia -0.91 -0.87 -0.95 Kenya -0.24 -0.33 -0.39 -0.40 -0.44 -0.30 EAST AFRICA Sudan -0.85 -0.72 -0.65 -0.33 -0.86 -0.99 -0.99 -0.95 0.87 Tanzania -0.77 -0.78 -0.90 -0.52 Uganda -0.66 -0.95 -0.91 -0.74 Studied countries -0.68 0.09 Other countries -0.45 All countries 0.08 Madagascar -0.35 -0.28 -0.16 -0.35 -0.47 -0.52 -0.54 -0.42 -0.66 Mozambique -0.80 -0.83 0.41 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 0.70 0.81 0.74 0.80 0.27 0.20 Zambia 0.89 0.89 0.78 0.75 0.58 Zimbabwe -0.09 -0.04 -0.14 -0.10 -0.27 Studied countries 0.26 0.19 Other countries -0.54 -0.76 -0.99 -0.99 -0.99 -0.99 -0.95 -0.96 All countries 0.26 0.19 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries All countries Egypt -0.42 -0.11 0.38 0.65 0.52 0.52 0.28 0.38 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 0.68 0.62 0.52 0.20 -0.18 -0.23 -0.36 -0.26 -0.49 Studied countries 0.23 0.36 0.27 0.27 0.23 0.08 0.00 -0.04 Other countries 0.93 0.94 0.91 0.91 0.90 0.89 All countries 0.84 0.88 0.84 0.81 0.76 0.72 Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries All countries (X-M)/(X+M): other manufactures 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin -0.96 -0.91 -0.90 -0.95 -0.95 -0.78 -0.89 -0.83 Burkina Faso -0.93 -0.94 -0.94 -0.94 -0.91 -0.83 -0.86 Cameroon -0.91 -0.87 -0.80 -0.87 -0.89 -0.75 -0.73 -0.72 -0.82 Chad -0.98 -0.98 -0.95 -0.92 WEST AFRICA Ghana -0.94 -0.97 -0.93 -0.95 -0.95 -0.88 -0.75 -0.73 Mali -0.97 -0.98 -0.82 -0.88 -0.97 -0.99 -0.97 -0.83 -0.40 Nigeria -0.95 -0.96 -0.98 -0.99 -1.00 -0.99 -0.97 -0.92 -0.91 Senegal -0.88 -0.79 -0.64 -0.76 -0.69 -0.55 -0.48 -0.19 -0.39 Togo -0.89 -0.87 -0.85 -0.90 -0.75 -0.88 -0.85 -0.56 -0.27 Studied countries -0.94 -0.93 -0.92 -0.96 Other countries -0.74 -0.71 -0.74 -0.77 -0.72 -0.43 All countries -0.90 -0.88 -0.88 -0.93 Ethiopia -0.99 -0.92 -0.90 Kenya -0.71 -0.73 -0.79 -0.54 -0.61 -0.63 EAST AFRICA Sudan -0.96 -0.98 -0.99 -0.99 -0.96 -0.86 -0.96 -0.93 -0.92 Tanzania -0.83 -0.82 -0.87 -0.83 -0.76 Uganda -0.97 -0.97 -0.90 -0.90 Studied countries -0.79 -0.79 Other countries -0.97 -0.97 All countries -0.79 -0.80 Madagascar -0.92 -0.89 -0.82 -0.85 -0.85 -0.80 -0.72 -0.46 -0.36 Mozambique -0.95 -0.88 -0.90 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa -0.44 -0.24 -0.55 -0.32 -0.19 -0.13 Zambia -0.97 -0.95 -0.96 -0.68 -0.78 Zimbabwe -0.33 -0.35 -0.47 -0.48 -0.52 Studied countries -0.23 -0.17 Other countries -0.92 -0.88 -0.88 -0.84 -0.86 -0.86 -0.79 -0.80 All countries -0.24 -0.17 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries -0.51 All countries Egypt -0.48 -0.37 -0.74 -0.88 -0.76 -0.65 -0.72 -0.57 NORTH AFRICA Morocco -0.82 -0.79 -0.68 -0.71 -0.43 -0.29 -0.30 -0.21 -0.22 Studied countries -0.59 -0.51 -0.73 -0.74 -0.64 -0.47 -0.46 -0.35 Other countries -0.86 -0.90 -0.92 -0.88 -0.73 -0.60 -0.51 All countries -0.75 -0.77 -0.85 -0.83 -0.68 -0.54 -0.49 Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries -0.51 All countries (X-M)/(X+M): services 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin -0.30 -0.36 -0.33 -0.19 -0.09 -0.16 -0.16 Burkina Faso -0.69 -0.66 -0.61 -0.61 -0.52 -0.61 Cameroon -0.27 -0.28 -0.36 -0.38 -0.24 Chad -0.68 -0.56 -0.56 -0.69 WEST AFRICA Ghana -0.42 -0.45 -0.57 -0.50 -0.31 -0.13 Mali -0.60 -0.59 -0.61 -0.66 -0.61 -0.43 Nigeria -0.60 -0.68 -0.55 -0.46 -0.69 -0.29 Senegal 0.00 -0.02 -0.11 -0.15 -0.14 -0.03 -0.02 Togo -0.45 -0.51 -0.25 -0.25 -0.28 -0.30 -0.31 Studied countries -0.51 -0.53 -0.41 -0.41 Other countries -0.49 -0.54 -0.50 -0.53 All countries -0.51 -0.53 -0.44 -0.44 Ethiopia -0.30 -0.21 -0.04 -0.07 -0.01 0.02 Kenya 0.02 0.13 0.21 0.26 0.10 0.23 EAST AFRICA Sudan -0.18 -0.02 -0.07 -0.27 -0.54 -0.88 Tanzania -0.21 -0.23 -0.37 -0.29 -0.21 -0.03 Uganda -0.62 -0.76 -0.70 -0.59 -0.32 Studied countries -0.06 -0.04 -0.03 -0.15 -0.10 Other countries -0.62 -0.64 -0.66 -0.52 All countries -0.09 -0.08 -0.18 -0.12 Madagascar -0.46 -0.55 -0.57 -0.38 -0.22 -0.17 -0.24 Mozambique -0.12 -0.36 -0.24 -0.14 -0.30 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa -0.12 -0.10 -0.17 -0.13 -0.12 -0.06 -0.06 Zambia -0.58 -0.58 -0.64 -0.60 -0.46 -0.50 Zimbabwe -0.53 -0.47 -0.31 -0.31 Studied countries -0.24 -0.19 -0.17 Other countries -0.67 -0.64 -0.71 -0.79 -0.67 -0.63 All countries -0.25 -0.21 -0.19 SAHARAN Studied countries -0.33 -0.24 -0.23 AFRICA SUB- Other countries -0.53 -0.56 All countries -0.29 -0.28 Egypt 0.03 0.02 0.10 0.23 0.20 0.20 NORTH AFRICA Morocco -0.36 -0.18 0.12 0.12 0.17 0.30 Studied countries -0.11 -0.04 0.10 0.20 0.20 0.23 Other countries -0.53 -0.53 -0.34 -0.22 All countries -0.32 -0.28 -0.07 0.08 Studied countries -0.25 -0.11 -0.05 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries -0.41 -0.35 All countries -0.19 -0.12 RCA: agriculture and food 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 3.3 3.5 4.0 4.5 4.5 6.4 6.2 10.3 Burkina Faso 3.0 3.8 4.2 4.7 5.2 7.9 9.5 Cameroon 2.7 3.2 3.9 4.2 3.2 3.9 2.7 4.6 4.5 Chad 3.2 3.8 4.0 4.1 WEST AFRICA Ghana 2.9 3.2 3.8 4.3 4.2 4.8 6.7 7.5 Mali 3.2 3.8 4.1 4.7 5.8 6.9 7.6 8.5 6.2 Nigeria 2.7 2.3 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.0 Senegal 3.0 3.3 2.7 3.1 2.1 3.3 3.7 1.6 4.4 Togo 2.5 2.2 1.8 1.9 1.6 2.8 3.7 4.5 4.1 Studied countries 2.7 2.8 1.3 0.9 Other countries 3.2 3.4 3.7 3.7 3.1 4.9 All countries 2.8 2.9 1.7 1.4 Ethiopia 7.9 8.5 9.6 Kenya 3.4 3.5 4.8 4.5 6.0 6.4 EAST AFRICA Sudan 3.3 3.8 4.4 5.0 5.6 6.2 7.7 8.3 2.1 Tanzania 4.3 4.5 6.0 8.2 8.0 Uganda 4.8 8.1 8.4 9.4 Studied countries 7.1 5.4 Other countries 8.3 8.0 All countries 7.2 5.5 Madagascar 3.1 3.4 3.7 4.3 4.9 5.4 5.9 5.3 6.7 Mozambique 6.4 7.0 3.6 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 1.7 1.3 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.3 Zambia 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.4 1.0 1.9 Zimbabwe 2.9 3.3 4.2 5.2 6.0 Studied countries 1.2 1.7 1.7 Other countries 3.7 4.0 4.7 5.5 6.3 7.6 8.3 9.8 All countries 1.2 1.8 1.8 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries 5.2 All countries Egypt 2.8 3.0 2.3 1.4 1.4 1.2 1.4 1.8 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 1.9 2.2 2.0 1.7 1.7 2.0 2.4 2.8 2.5 Studied countries 2.6 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.6 1.9 2.3 2.2 Other countries 0.4 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 All countries 1.1 0.8 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.8 Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 1.3 All countries RCA: other primary goods 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.9 2.8 0.0 Burkina Faso 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.2 Cameroon 1.5 1.1 0.6 0.8 2.2 2.2 4.6 3.8 4.7 Chad 0.3 0.1 0.5 0.6 WEST AFRICA Ghana 0.9 1.3 1.0 0.9 1.6 2.2 1.4 1.5 Mali 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.6 Nigeria 1.4 2.9 6.5 6.0 5.6 7.2 7.5 9.1 8.3 Senegal 0.6 0.7 1.7 1.8 2.5 2.2 2.1 3.0 2.0 Togo 1.8 2.9 4.1 3.5 3.2 4.2 4.0 3.1 1.4 Studied countries 1.1 2.0 5.1 5.1 Other countries 0.2 0.2 0.6 2.6 All countries 0.9 1.6 4.4 Ethiopia 0.4 0.2 0.1 Kenya 1.3 1.7 1.2 1.2 1.0 1.8 EAST AFRICA Sudan 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 6.5 Tanzania 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.9 Uganda 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.6 Studied countries 0.5 2.8 Other countries 2.0 All countries 2.8 Madagascar 0.3 0.5 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.7 1.1 0.6 Mozambique 1.1 1.0 5.1 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 1.1 1.3 0.8 1.4 2.0 2.2 Zambia 8.1 7.3 6.3 8.8 7.4 5.9 Zimbabwe 1.1 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.6 Studied countries 1.5 2.0 2.3 Other countries 0.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 All countries 1.5 2.0 2.2 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries All countries Egypt 0.4 0.5 1.9 3.8 4.0 4.3 4.2 3.9 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 3.1 2.8 3.2 3.1 2.3 1.9 1.4 1.3 0.9 Studied countries 1.4 1.8 2.5 3.2 3.1 2.7 2.3 2.1 Other countries 6.9 7.1 4.8 4.8 6.9 7.1 All countries 5.1 5.9 4.4 4.6 5.9 5.7 Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries All countries RCA: other manufactures 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 Burkina Faso 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.2 Cameroon 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1 Chad 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 WEST AFRICA Ghana 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 Mali 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.5 Nigeria 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Senegal 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.7 0.5 Togo 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.6 Studied countries 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Other countries 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.2 All countries 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 Ethiopia 0.0 0.1 0.2 Kenya 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.3 0.3 EAST AFRICA Sudan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 Tanzania 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2 0.2 Uganda 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 Studied countries 0.2 0.2 Other countries 0.0 0.1 All countries 0.2 0.2 Madagascar 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.2 0.4 0.4 Mozambique 0.1 0.2 0.1 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 0.5 0.6 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.8 Zambia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.2 Zimbabwe 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.4 Studied countries 0.5 0.7 0.7 Other countries 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 All countries 0.5 0.6 0.7 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries 0.2 All countries Egypt 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.2 0.4 0.5 0.5 0.4 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.5 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.9 Studied countries 0.3 0.3 0.4 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.7 Other countries 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 All countries 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 0.3 All countries Share of world exports (%): agriculture and food 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.06 0.05 0.07 Burkina Faso 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 Cameroon 0.21 0.23 0.24 0.26 0.21 0.17 0.15 0.15 0.13 Chad 0.05 0.05 0.03 0.02 WEST AFRICA Ghana 0.60 0.45 0.43 0.35 0.22 0.16 0.21 0.21 Mali 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.08 0.08 0.06 Nigeria 0.93 0.79 0.41 0.28 0.12 0.08 0.06 0.03 0.01 Senegal 0.25 0.21 0.12 0.13 0.05 0.08 0.07 0.03 0.07 Togo 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.03 Studied countries 2.14 1.84 1.33 1.15 Other countries 0.62 0.71 0.66 0.81 0.64 0.57 All countries 2.77 2.55 1.99 1.96 Ethiopia 0.04 0.08 0.07 Kenya 0.27 0.20 0.21 0.15 0.21 0.19 EAST AFRICA Sudan 0.44 0.38 0.32 0.21 0.17 0.12 0.08 0.10 0.06 Tanzania 0.17 0.12 0.07 0.09 0.11 Uganda 0.18 0.08 0.08 0.07 Studied countries 0.56 0.49 Other countries 0.02 0.01 All countries 0.58 0.51 Madagascar 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.08 Mozambique 0.02 0.03 0.03 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 1.78 1.31 0.71 0.53 0.68 0.64 Zambia 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 Zimbabwe 0.17 0.20 0.18 0.21 0.13 Studied countries 0.83 0.99 0.90 Other countries 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.06 All countries 0.90 1.06 0.96 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries 0.66 All countries Egypt 0.79 0.61 0.32 0.23 0.24 0.10 0.09 0.13 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 0.48 0.45 0.35 0.22 0.19 0.24 0.28 0.36 0.29 Studied countries 1.24 0.96 0.54 0.42 0.48 0.38 0.45 0.42 Other countries 0.45 0.30 0.15 0.08 0.13 0.12 All countries 1.69 1.26 0.69 0.56 0.52 0.57 Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 0.78 All countries Share of world exports (%): other primary goods 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.02 0.00 Burkina Faso 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Cameroon 0.12 0.08 0.04 0.05 0.14 0.09 0.26 0.12 0.14 Chad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 WEST AFRICA Ghana 0.19 0.19 0.11 0.07 0.08 0.07 0.04 0.04 Mali 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 Nigeria 0.47 0.99 4.74 5.92 3.97 2.80 2.60 2.17 2.35 Senegal 0.05 0.04 0.07 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.03 Togo 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.05 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.01 Studied countries 0.86 1.35 5.03 6.18 Other countries 0.03 0.03 0.11 0.30 All countries 0.89 1.38 5.14 Ethiopia 0.00 0.00 0.00 Kenya 0.10 0.09 0.06 0.04 0.04 0.05 EAST AFRICA Sudan 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.20 Tanzania 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.01 Uganda 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 Studied countries 0.04 0.26 Other countries 0.00 All countries 0.26 Madagascar 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Mozambique 0.00 0.00 0.05 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 1.13 1.25 0.81 0.83 1.01 1.05 Zambia 2.64 1.65 0.54 0.19 0.14 0.08 Zimbabwe 0.07 0.08 0.05 0.05 0.03 Studied countries 1.05 1.20 1.22 Other countries 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 All countries 1.05 1.20 1.22 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries All countries Egypt 0.12 0.11 0.27 0.64 0.71 0.38 0.27 0.30 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 0.78 0.57 0.56 0.40 0.27 0.22 0.16 0.17 0.11 Studied countries 0.70 0.66 0.66 0.90 0.92 0.54 0.44 0.40 Other countries 7.16 9.27 7.44 7.67 5.61 3.39 All countries 7.86 9.93 8.11 8.57 6.53 3.84 Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries All countries Share of world exports (%): other manufactures 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Burkina Faso 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Cameroon 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 Chad 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 WEST AFRICA Ghana 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 Mali 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Nigeria 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.01 0.01 Senegal 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Togo 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Studied countries 0.04 0.03 0.04 0.03 Other countries 0.04 0.04 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.02 All countries 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.05 Ethiopia 0.00 0.00 0.00 Kenya 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 EAST AFRICA Sudan 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Tanzania 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 Uganda 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Studied countries 0.02 0.02 Other countries 0.00 0.00 All countries 0.02 0.02 Madagascar 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Mozambique 0.00 0.00 0.00 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 0.51 0.55 0.30 0.30 0.36 0.36 Zambia 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 Zimbabwe 0.03 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 Studied countries 0.34 0.38 0.38 Other countries 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 All countries 0.34 0.38 0.38 SAHARAN Studied countries AFRICA SUB- Other countries 0.02 All countries Egypt 0.11 0.09 0.06 0.03 0.08 0.04 0.03 0.03 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.09 0.10 0.10 Studied countries 0.14 0.12 0.10 0.09 0.15 0.13 0.13 0.13 Other countries 0.07 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.13 0.13 All countries 0.21 0.17 0.15 0.17 0.26 0.26 0.26 Studied countries AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 0.15 All countries Share of world exports (%): services 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Burkina Faso 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.00 Cameroon 0.08 0.10 0.08 0.04 0.02 Chad 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 WEST AFRICA Ghana 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 Mali 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Nigeria 0.28 0.17 0.06 0.09 0.06 0.14 Senegal 0.08 0.08 0.06 0.05 0.03 0.03 Togo 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.00 Studied countries 0.60 0.43 0.27 0.23 Other countries 0.19 0.15 0.12 0.08 All countries 0.78 0.58 0.39 0.31 Ethiopia 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.03 0.03 0.04 Kenya 0.14 0.14 0.13 0.11 0.07 0.06 EAST AFRICA Sudan 0.06 0.08 0.04 0.01 0.00 0.00 Tanzania 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.04 0.04 Uganda 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.02 Studied countries 0.30 0.24 0.18 0.15 0.16 Other countries 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 All countries 0.25 0.18 0.16 0.17 Madagascar 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 0.02 Mozambique 0.02 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.02 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 0.62 0.58 0.39 0.34 0.37 0.34 Zambia 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Zimbabwe 0.03 0.04 0.04 0.03 Studied countries 0.68 0.47 0.42 Other countries 0.01 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 All countries 0.69 0.47 0.42 SAHARAN Studied countries 1.41 0.98 0.83 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 0.13 0.09 All countries 1.12 0.92 Egypt 0.58 0.68 0.65 0.74 0.65 0.60 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 0.22 0.20 0.24 0.20 0.19 0.26 Studied countries 0.89 0.88 0.89 0.94 0.84 0.86 Other countries 0.47 0.42 0.33 0.24 All countries 1.36 1.30 1.22 1.18 Studied countries 2.29 1.87 1.77 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 0.47 0.33 All countries 2.33 2.10 Share of world exports (%): goods and services 1960-1964 1965-1969 1970-1974 1975-1979 1980-1984 1985-1989 1990-1994 1995-1999 2000-2004 Benin 0.00 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Burkina Faso 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 0.00 Cameroon 0.07 0.07 0.05 0.05 0.03 Chad 0.01 0.00 0.01 0.00 WEST AFRICA Ghana 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.03 0.03 Mali 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Nigeria 0.85 0.71 0.29 0.26 0.20 0.25 Senegal 0.05 0.04 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.02 Togo 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Studied countries 1.22 0.90 0.44 0.39 Other countries 0.22 0.20 0.17 0.10 All countries 1.44 1.09 0.60 0.49 Ethiopia 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 Kenya 0.09 0.07 0.06 0.05 0.04 0.04 EAST AFRICA Sudan 0.05 0.04 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.03 Tanzania 0.04 0.03 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 Uganda 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Studied countries 0.18 0.13 0.09 0.09 0.11 Other countries 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.00 All countries 0.14 0.09 0.10 0.11 Madagascar 0.03 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 Mozambique 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 SOUTHERN AFRICA South Africa 0.92 0.97 0.73 0.57 0.49 0.45 Zambia 0.07 0.05 0.03 0.02 0.02 0.01 Zimbabwe 0.06 0.06 0.05 0.04 Studied countries 1.11 0.84 0.65 Other countries 0.02 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 All countries 1.12 0.85 0.66 SAHARAN Studied countries 2.18 1.40 1.13 AFRICA SUB- Other countries 0.18 0.12 All countries 1.59 1.25 Egypt 0.21 0.26 0.27 0.22 0.18 0.18 NORTH AFRICA Morocco 0.15 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.14 0.14 Studied countries 0.39 0.39 0.41 0.36 0.32 0.32 Other countries 1.55 1.39 0.72 0.62 All countries 1.94 1.78 1.13 0.97 Studied countries 2.57 1.81 1.48 AFRICA TOTAL Other countries 0.91 0.73 All countries 2.72 2.22 Trade weighted applied tariff, 2001* Non - Primary Agriculture Primary Agriculture Processed Food Other Primary Other Manufacturing Total Botswana 1.8 5.5 0.1 1.8 2.2 South Africa 7.9 9.3 0.0 7.0 6.4 Rest of S. African 2.7 5.6 0.2 2.5 2.8 Customs Union Malawi 8.6 12.7 1.4 10.3 10.5 Mozambique 7.0 15.6 5.6 9.6 10.8 SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA Tanzania 13.9 22.0 7.2 13.4 14.3 Zambia 4.6 11.9 1.6 8.7 8.6 Zimbabwe 23.2 29.2 7.2 13.2 14.0 Rest of S. African 24.9 39.0 7.0 15.1 19.4 Dev Com Madagascar 1.6 3.9 0.1 3.7 3.7 Uganda 2.1 10.7 1.4 5.5 6.0 Rest of S. S. Africa 10.4 16.8 4.7 12.5 13.0 All Sub-Saharan 9.7 21.1 0.9 11.5 12.1 Morocco 25.7 35.7 10.3 21.9 21.2 NORTH AFRICA Other countries 15.7 19.6 9.0 21.7 21.0 All countries 15.7 19.6 9.0 21.7 21.0 AFRICA TOTAL All countries 13.4 20.6 3.9 15.3 15.4 Domestic production in 2001 (% world) - A Rice Other coarse Sugar, raw Cotton Soya Other (paddy Wheat Maize Barley Palm oil Cassava Bananas grains equiv. seed beans Oilseeds equiv.) Benin 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.5 0.0 Burkina Faso 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 Cameroon 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.1 1.0 0.9 WEST AFRICA Chad 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 Ghana 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.1 4.9 0.0 Mali 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 Nigeria 0.5 0.0 0.8 0.0 7.9 0.0 0.7 0.2 3.9 1.1 17.8 Senegal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Togo 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 Ethiopia 0.3 0.5 0.7 2.3 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 EAST AFRICA Kenya 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.4 Sudan 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 3.1 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 Tanzania 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.1 3.8 0.2 Uganda 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 2.9 1.4 Madagascar 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.4 SOUTHERN AFRICA Mozambique 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.9 0.1 South Africa 0.0 0.4 1.3 0.1 0.2 1.5 0.1 0.1 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.4 Zambia 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 Zimbabwe 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 AFRICA NORTH Egypt 0.9 1.1 1.1 0.1 0.6 0.9 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.3 Morocco 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 AFRICA TOTAL Studied countries 2.2 2.5 6.0 1.7 20.0 4.6 6.2 0.6 5.1 3.6 37.6 5.8 All countries 2.8 3.1 6.8 2.4 22.9 5.7 6.9 0.6 7.7 4.1 54.5 10.6 Domestic production in 2001 (% world) - B Groundnuts Wool Cocoa Coconuts - Bovine Mutton & Poultry Coffee Tea (shelled Tobacco Milk, whole Pigmeat (clean Beans Incl Copra Meat goat meat meat equiv.) equiv.) Benin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Burkina Faso 0.0 0.8 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Cameroon 1.1 4.4 0.0 0.1 0.6 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 WEST AFRICA Chad 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ghana 0.0 11.2 0.6 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Mali 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 Nigeria 0.1 11.2 0.3 0.0 7.4 0.1 0.1 0.6 2.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 Senegal 0.0 0.0 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 Togo 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ethiopia 3.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.4 EAST AFRICA Kenya 0.7 0.0 0.1 5.4 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 Sudan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.7 0.0 0.8 0.5 2.3 0.0 1.9 Tanzania 0.8 0.1 0.7 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.1 0.4 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 Uganda 2.7 0.1 0.0 0.8 0.4 0.4 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 Madagascar 0.9 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 SOUTHERN AFRICA Mozambique 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 South Africa 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.6 0.5 0.4 1.0 1.2 0.1 1.0 2.5 Zambia 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Zimbabwe 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.5 3.2 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 AFRICA NORTH Egypt 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.7 0.9 0.9 0.0 0.9 0.3 Morocco 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.0 0.4 1.6 AFRICA TOTAL Studied countries 10.0 27.5 2.5 8.2 20.2 5.5 3.6 6.2 11.7 0.6 3.3 7.1 All countries 15.4 68.1 3.4 9.9 24.3 7.5 4.7 7.5 16.6 0.8 4.3 8.8 Domestic apparent consumption in 2001 (% world) - A Rice Other coarse Sugar, raw Cotton Soya Other (paddy Wheat Maize Barley Palm oil Cassava Bananas grains equiv. seed beans Oilseeds equiv.) Benin 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.4 0.0 Burkina Faso 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 1.5 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Cameroon 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.6 0.0 1.0 0.6 WEST AFRICA Chad 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 Ghana 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.1 4.8 0.0 Mali 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Nigeria 0.9 0.4 0.7 0.0 7.9 0.8 0.7 0.2 5.0 1.0 17.4 Senegal 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 Togo 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.3 0.0 Ethiopia 0.0 0.5 0.5 0.8 2.4 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 EAST AFRICA Kenya 0.0 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 0.0 1.7 0.1 0.3 0.4 Sudan 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 2.5 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 Tanzania 0.2 0.1 0.5 0.0 0.6 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.5 0.1 3.7 0.2 Uganda 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 2.8 1.5 Madagascar 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.3 0.4 SOUTHERN AFRICA Mozambique 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 2.9 0.1 South Africa 0.1 0.4 1.5 0.3 0.3 0.9 0.3 0.1 1.4 1.2 0.0 0.4 Zambia 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.5 0.0 Zimbabwe 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.6 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 AFRICA NORTH Egypt 0.8 1.9 1.8 0.1 0.6 1.4 1.1 0.2 1.0 0.2 0.0 1.3 Morocco 0.0 1.1 0.2 1.5 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.2 AFRICA TOTAL Studied countries 3.4 5.0 7.3 2.8 19.4 5.9 6.5 0.9 11.9 3.1 36.9 5.6 All countries 4.6 7.2 8.7 4.5 23.1 7.8 7.2 1.0 15.5 3.9 54.0 10.2 Domestic apparent consumption in 2001 (% world) - B Groundnuts Wool Cocoa Coconuts - Bovine Mutton & Poultry Coffee Tea (shelled Tobacco Milk, whole Pigmeat (clean Beans Incl Copra Meat goat meat meat equiv.) equiv.) Benin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.0 Burkina Faso 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Cameroon 0.2 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 WEST AFRICA Chad 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.2 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ghana 0.0 2.3 0.6 0.1 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 Mali 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 Nigeria 0.1 4.5 0.3 0.2 7.3 0.3 0.1 0.6 2.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 Senegal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.0 Togo 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ethiopia 2.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.5 0.6 0.0 0.1 0.4 EAST AFRICA Kenya 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.0 0.1 0.1 Sudan 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.5 2.6 0.0 0.9 0.5 2.3 0.0 0.0 2.0 Tanzania 0.0 0.0 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.0 0.1 0.2 Uganda 0.7 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.0 Madagascar 0.5 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 SOUTHERN AFRICA Mozambique 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.2 0.3 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 South Africa 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.5 0.5 -0.5 0.4 1.0 1.5 0.1 1.1 2.0 Zambia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 Zimbabwe 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.5 0.7 0.1 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.1 AFRICA NORTH Egypt 0.1 0.3 0.0 1.4 0.5 1.0 0.7 1.4 1.0 0.0 0.9 0.4 Morocco 0.4 0.2 0.0 1.0 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.3 1.3 0.0 0.4 1.6 AFRICA TOTAL Studied countries 5.0 8.7 2.5 5.8 19.6 3.2 3.7 6.7 12.1 0.6 3.6 6.7 All countries 8.0 14.2 3.2 7.2 23.7 5.8 5.1 8.1 17.0 0.8 4.7 8.4 Export in 2001 (% world) - A Rice Other coarse Sugar, raw Cotton Soya Other (paddy Wheat Maize Barley Palm oil Cassava Bananas grains equiv. seed beans Oilseeds equiv.) Benin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 3.3 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 Burkina Faso 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 Cameroon 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 1.7 WEST AFRICA Chad 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ghana 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0 0.0 Mali 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Nigeria 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Senegal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Togo 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ethiopia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 EAST AFRICA Kenya 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Sudan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.0 0.0 0.6 0.0 0.0 Tanzania 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.1 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 Uganda 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Madagascar 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SOUTHERN AFRICA Mozambique 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 South Africa 0.1 0.3 0.9 0.0 0.3 3.2 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Zambia 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Zimbabwe 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.4 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 AFRICA NORTH Egypt 2.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Morocco 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 AFRICA TOTAL Studied countries 2.5 0.6 1.1 0.1 1.2 4.4 9.9 0.0 0.5 1.3 0.1 1.7 All countries 2.6 0.8 1.2 0.2 1.3 6.9 12.1 0.0 1.0 1.3 0.1 3.4 Export in 2001 (% world) - B Groundnuts Wool Cocoa Coconuts - Bovine Mutton & Poultry Coffee Tea (shelled Tobacco Milk, whole Pigmeat (clean Beans Incl Copra Meat goat meat meat equiv.) equiv.) Benin 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Burkina Faso 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Cameroon 1.0 2.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 WEST AFRICA Chad 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ghana 0.0 7.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Mali 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Nigeria 0.0 3.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Senegal 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Togo 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Ethiopia 1.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 EAST AFRICA Kenya 0.9 0.0 0.0 12.5 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 Sudan 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 Tanzania 0.7 0.0 0.1 1.4 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Uganda 1.6 0.0 0.0 1.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Madagascar 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SOUTHERN AFRICA Mozambique 0.0 0.0 2.1 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 South Africa 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.4 2.2 2.6 0.3 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 2.0 Zambia 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Zimbabwe 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 0.0 6.8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 AFRICA NORTH Egypt 0.0 0.0 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 Morocco 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 AFRICA TOTAL Studied countries 5.7 13.6 2.5 16.0 4.0 11.1 0.5 0.1 0.6 0.0 0.2 2.1 All countries 10.5 37.1 4.9 20.4 7.5 14.2 0.8 0.9 1.4 0.0 0.2 2.6 Shares of domestic production in 2001 (% domestic production value) - A Rice Other coarse Sugar, raw Cotton Soya Other (paddy Wheat Maize Barley Palm oil Cassava Bananas grains equiv. seed beans Oilseeds equiv.) Benin 2 0 15 0 4 0 23 0 0 1 24 1 Burkina Faso 2 0 7 0 28 0 12 0 2 0 0 Cameroon 1 0 6 0 4 0 4 0 1 1 6 12 WEST AFRICA Chad 2 0 2 0 16 0 8 0 0 1 2 0 Ghana 3 0 7 0 3 0 1 0 1 1 27 0 Mali 14 0 3 0 13 0 11 0 0 3 0 0 Nigeria 6 0 6 0 17 0 2 1 1 3 18 Senegal 4 0 1 0 7 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 Togo 4 0 18 0 7 0 16 0 0 1 10 1 Ethiopia 8 12 4 14 0 0 0 0 3 1 EAST AFRICA Kenya 0 1 11 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 2 Sudan 0 1 0 0 14 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 Tanzania 4 1 13 0 5 0 4 0 0 1 14 2 Uganda 1 0 6 0 5 0 1 2 0 1 12 12 Madagascar 29 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 7 5 SOUTHERN AFRICA Mozambique 3 0 16 0 5 0 2 0 0 2 31 3 South Africa 0 7 16 0 1 1 1 1 0 4 0 1 Zambia 0 3 17 0 2 1 5 0 0 1 11 0 Zimbabwe 0 2 10 0 1 1 7 3 0 1 0 1 AFRICA NORTH Egypt 13 14 11 0 1 0 3 0 0 0 0 3 Morocco 0 23 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 AFRICA TOTAL Studied countries 5 5 8 1 7 0 3 1 0 2 6 2 All countries 4 4 7 1 6 0 2 0 0 1 7 3 Shares of domestic production in 2001 (% domestic production value) - B Groundnuts Wool Cocoa Coconuts - Bovine Mutton & Poultry Coffee Tea (shelled Tobacco Milk, whole Pigmeat (clean Beans Incl Copra Meat goat meat meat equiv.) equiv.) Benin 0 0 0 0 11 0 2 8 3 2 3 0 Burkina Faso 0 15 0 7 13 9 1 4 0 Cameroon 11 15 0 1 7 1 4 16 5 2 3 0 WEST AFRICA Chad 0 0 0 0 27 0 8 23 9 0 1 0 Ghana 0 35 2 0 8 0 1 4 3 1 2 0 Mali 0 0 0 0 8 0 12 20 12 0 3 0 Nigeria 0 6 0 0 15 0 1 10 6 3 3 0 Senegal 0 0 48 0 5 13 8 1 10 0 Togo 10 4 0 0 5 2 1 5 6 2 5 0 Ethiopia 13 0 0 0 0 0 14 23 5 0 2 0 EAST AFRICA Kenya 3 0 0 17 0 2 28 24 4 1 3 0 Sudan 0 0 0 0 11 0 35 18 14 1 1 Tanzania 5 0 2 3 2 4 10 24 4 1 3 0 Uganda 17 0 0 4 3 4 7 11 3 6 3 0 Madagascar 7 0 1 0 1 0 10 23 1 7 6 0 SOUTHERN AFRICA Mozambique 0 0 3 3 6 4 2 11 1 2 6 0 South Africa 0 0 0 1 2 2 12 24 6 3 18 1 Zambia 2 0 0 0 5 4 5 24 3 4 13 0 Zimbabwe 1 0 0 3 5 39 5 14 2 2 3 0 AFRICA NORTH Egypt 0 0 0 0 1 0 17 19 4 0 13 0 Morocco 0 0 0 0 1 1 15 16 15 0 17 2 AFRICA TOTAL Studied countries 3 3 0 1 7 2 12 17 6 2 7 0 All countries 3 5 0 1 6 2 12 16 7 2 7 0 Shares of apparent consumption in 2001 (% domestic app. consumption value) - A Rice Other coarse Sugar, raw Cotton Soya Other (paddy Wheat Maize Barley Palm oil Cassava Bananas grains equiv. seed beans Oilseeds equiv.) Benin 5 1 13 0 5 0 18 0 0 0 20 1 Burkina Faso 5 1 5 0 31 0 12 0 0 0 0 0 Cameroon 7 4 6 1 6 0 5 0 1 0 7 8 WEST AFRICA Chad 3 1 2 0 18 0 8 0 0 0 2 0 Ghana 12 3 8 0 4 0 1 0 0 2 30 0 Mali 14 1 3 0 16 0 11 0 0 0 0 0 Nigeria 10 4 6 0 18 0 2 1 1 3 15 0 Senegal 18 4 1 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 Togo 8 5 20 0 2 0 11 0 1 0 10 1 Ethiopia 0 14 11 5 16 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 EAST AFRICA Kenya 2 6 14 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 1 2 Sudan 0 3 0 0 13 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 Tanzania 8 3 14 0 6 0 4 0 0 1 13 2 Uganda 2 0 7 0 8 0 2 2 0 1 13 13 Madagascar 33 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 7 4 SOUTHERN AFRICA Mozambique 5 5 19 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 27 3 South Africa 2 6 17 1 1 0 1 1 0 5 0 1 Zambia 1 5 32 0 2 0 5 1 0 1 8 0 Zimbabwe 0 3 16 0 2 1 10 3 0 1 1 2 AFRICA NORTH Egypt 9 19 13 0 1 0 2 1 0 0 0 2 Morocco 0 32 4 10 0 1 0 2 0 1 0 1 AFRICA TOTAL Studied countries 7 9 10 1 8 0 3 1 0 1 5 2 All countries 7 10 9 1 7 0 2 1 0 1 6 2 Shares of apparent consumption in 2001 (% domestic app. consumption value) - B Groundnuts Wool Cocoa Coconuts - Bovine Mutton & Poultry Coffee Tea (shelled Tobacco Milk, whole Pigmeat (clean Beans Incl Copra Meat goat meat meat equiv.) equiv.) Benin 0 0 0 0 9 0 3 8 3 1 12 0 Burkina Faso 0 0 0 0 10 0 7 14 8 1 3 0 Cameroon 2 3 0 1 8 2 6 21 6 2 4 0 WEST AFRICA Chad 0 0 0 0 24 0 8 24 9 0 1 0 Ghana 0 10 2 1 9 2 2 5 4 1 3 0 Mali 0 0 0 2 7 1 12 19 10 0 3 0 Nigeria 0 3 0 0 13 1 2 10 5 3 3 0 Senegal 0 0 0 1 36 1 6 11 6 1 7 0 Togo 6 2 0 0 5 5 2 5 6 3 8 0 Ethiopia 7 0 0 0 0 1 13 23 4 0 2 0 EAST AFRICA Kenya 1 0 0 1 1 2 32 28 5 1 3 0 Sudan 0 0 0 1 10 0 35 19 13 0 1 1 Tanzania 0 0 1 0 1 4 10 25 4 1 2 0 Uganda 4 0 0 2 4 4 9 15 4 7 4 0 Madagascar 4 0 0 0 1 1 10 24 1 6 5 0 SOUTHERN AFRICA Mozambique 0 0 2 2 6 5 3 11 1 2 6 0 South Africa 0 0 0 1 1 -2 12 24 6 3 16 1 Zambia 0 0 0 0 4 1 4 20 2 3 9 0 Zimbabwe 1 0 0 3 6 15 7 20 2 3 4 0 AFRICA NORTH Egypt 0 0 0 1 1 3 12 22 3 0 8 0 Morocco 1 0 0 2 1 2 11 12 10 0 10 1 AFRICA TOTAL Studied countries 1 1 0 1 6 2 12 18 6 2 6 0 All countries 1 1 0 1 5 2 12 17 6 2 6 0 Benin - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 10.0 WHT 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GRO 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 V_F 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 OSD 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 Primary agriculture C_B PFB 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 OCR 12.0 9.6 9.6 9.6 9.6 CTL 12.5 17.0 17.0 17.0 17.0 OAP 6.3 8.7 8.9 8.9 8.9 WOL Primary 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 14.2 agriculture CMT 17.3 OMT 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 VOL 17.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 14.7 Processed food MIL 14.9 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.2 PCR 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 SGR 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 OFD 16.4 15.8 15.8 15.8 15.8 B_T 15.3 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 Processed 16.5 16.1 16.1 16.1 16.1 food Primary non 12.6 12.7 12.7 12.7 12.7 agriculture Burkina Faso - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 5.0 10.0 7.6 9.6 9.1 9.1 WHT 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GRO 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 V_F 36.5 18.9 19.6 19.6 19.7 19.7 OSD 9.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Primary agriculture C_B PFB 34.6 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 OCR 30.0 5.3 6.5 7.4 5.6 5.6 CTL 18.6 9.7 7.5 18.1 19.8 19.8 OAP 15.9 5.9 6.9 7.3 6.8 6.8 WOL 31.0 5.0 5.0 Primary 23.4 10.8 13.3 13.5 12.9 12.9 agriculture CMT 32.5 10.0 19.8 17.1 19.8 19.8 OMT 31.1 18.5 20.0 19.8 20.0 20.0 VOL 25.9 18.1 18.8 17.5 19.4 19.4 Processed food MIL 6.3 13.0 11.3 11.5 11.5 11.5 PCR 5.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 SGR 35.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 OFD 26.6 15.1 15.3 15.0 16.5 16.3 B_T 31.0 16.1 16.4 16.7 18.5 18.5 Processed 16.4 14.1 14.4 14.5 15.5 15.4 food Primary non 21.4 11.2 11.4 11.5 11.7 11.6 agriculture Cameroon - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 20.0 20.0 19.9 20.0 20.0 WHT 6.1 9.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 GRO 20.0 17.4 24.9 18.8 12.6 V_F 29.9 29.7 29.6 29.7 30.0 OSD 11.2 11.2 10.0 10.0 10.0 Primary agriculture C_B 10.0 10.0 PFB 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.6 OCR 11.4 9.9 11.5 12.2 12.6 CTL 5.0 30.0 28.3 OAP 17.3 14.2 7.8 10.9 8.7 WOL Primary 9.2 10.7 10.9 11.0 11.1 agriculture CMT 22.5 22.5 20.4 20.5 20.3 OMT 24.8 24.8 21.1 21.1 20.9 VOL 24.0 24.0 26.5 26.0 25.2 Processed food MIL 17.0 17.0 15.1 16.9 15.5 PCR 0.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 SGR 5.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 30.0 OFD 19.1 20.7 18.9 20.0 21.2 B_T 16.2 14.4 22.1 21.7 20.9 Processed 14.7 19.5 20.4 21.5 20.9 food Primary non 14.0 14.5 14.1 15.1 16.7 agriculture Chad - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 20.0 20.0 WHT 7.5 7.5 GRO 30.0 30.0 17.5 V_F 25.5 25.5 29.9 29.9 30.0 OSD 12.3 12.3 10.0 Primary agriculture C_B 10.0 10.0 PFB 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 OCR 12.0 12.0 21.9 22.6 20.0 CTL 30.0 30.0 30.0 OAP 26.7 26.7 9.4 8.9 19.3 WOL 10.0 Primary 19.5 19.5 21.2 16.8 22.3 agriculture CMT 20.0 20.0 20.0 21.9 20.0 OMT 26.5 26.5 30.0 24.5 23.8 VOL 29.8 29.8 30.0 28.6 29.2 Processed food MIL 19.4 19.4 10.9 14.5 12.2 PCR 20.0 20.0 20.0 SGR 29.1 29.1 30.0 30.0 30.0 OFD 27.1 27.1 26.3 26.7 24.8 B_T 9.2 9.2 28.6 29.2 29.8 Processed 23.9 23.9 26.1 26.8 25.9 food Primary non 14.5 14.5 13.2 14.0 12.5 agriculture Egypt - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 20.0 2.0 2.0 WHT 1.0 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 GRO 1.1 1.0 1.0 2.0 2.0 V_F 13.6 14.2 11.4 4.7 3.4 OSD 1.0 1.3 1.4 2.1 0.3 Primary agriculture C_B PFB 5.0 5.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 OCR 23.7 22.3 17.8 4.4 0.6 CTL 5.0 5.1 5.2 4.7 4.1 OAP 10.7 10.3 6.4 2.4 2.4 WOL 5.0 5.0 5.0 0.0 0.0 Primary 4.6 4.4 3.3 2.4 1.9 agriculture CMT 5.8 5.5 5.3 5.0 5.0 OMT 20.7 16.8 17.2 11.1 8.8 VOL 9.7 8.7 8.7 4.9 4.8 Processed food MIL 14.8 13.3 13.1 8.3 7.0 PCR 20.0 20.0 20.0 2.0 2.0 SGR 11.7 9.0 7.5 3.7 3.7 OFD 15.4 13.2 15.3 95.6 77.4 B_T 34.8 22.6 57.6 2562 2516 Processed 11.5 10.6 11.6 55.6 52.4 food Primary non 18.9 14.9 15.2 14.3 13.1 agriculture Ethiopia - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 30.0 5.0 5.0 WHT 30.0 5.0 5.0 GRO 30.0 5.0 5.0 V_F 43.3 20.0 20.0 OSD 30.0 5.0 5.0 Primary agriculture C_B PFB 5.0 5.0 5.0 OCR 30.4 19.0 18.6 CTL 5.0 9.9 OAP 34.9 11.0 10.5 WOL 5.0 Primary 29.8 5.4 5.6 agriculture CMT 50.0 20.0 18.9 OMT 75.2 33.9 29.6 VOL 35.0 30.5 30.9 Processed food MIL 27.5 20.7 20.7 PCR 30.0 5.0 5.0 SGR 50.0 5.0 5.0 OFD 48.1 26.3 29.5 B_T 43.3 22.0 25.5 Processed 39.9 26.3 28.1 food Primary non 16.8 12.8 14.1 agriculture Ghana - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 20.0 10.1 10.0 WHT 10.0 20.0 10.0 GRO 10.0 20.0 20.0 V_F 24.9 26.1 20.0 OSD 10.0 10.0 10.0 Primary agriculture C_B PFB 10.0 10.0 10.0 OCR 8.7 17.4 13.3 CTL 24.4 10.3 20.0 OAP 7.1 10.9 18.1 WOL 20.0 19.0 Primary 10.0 19.2 10.3 agriculture CMT 20.0 19.9 20.0 OMT 19.9 35.2 19.3 VOL 17.3 27.5 19.8 Processed food MIL 24.9 36.8 20.0 PCR 20.0 16.0 SGR 10.0 10.0 10.0 OFD 19.5 11.7 12.5 B_T 12.7 18.7 16.1 Processed 17.0 16.9 14.1 food Primary non 10.0 16.2 11.0 agriculture Kenya - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 0.0 35.0 35.0 75.0 WHT 0.1 35.0 35.0 0.0 GRO 0.7 15.0 33.8 24.9 46.4 V_F 35.1 16.5 34.3 33.1 22.4 OSD 16.9 10.0 10.0 3.4 8.6 Primary agriculture C_B 15.0 PFB 4.5 10.4 3.1 0.8 0.0 OCR 23.9 14.9 16.4 15.4 14.9 CTL 12.0 10.0 10.0 2.7 11.8 OAP 28.6 10.6 7.6 21.7 8.6 WOL 31.0 15.0 Primary 4.1 15.2 31.5 25.9 17.4 agriculture CMT 43.6 19.1 20.6 17.0 6.1 OMT 49.8 14.8 33.6 33.0 23.8 VOL 31.9 7.2 5.1 2.6 1.4 Processed food MIL 32.6 19.2 34.1 50.4 44.6 PCR 0.0 35.0 35.0 67.7 SGR 0.2 15.0 64.4 85.5 35.4 OFD 34.9 20.4 23.0 21.5 19.2 B_T 46.8 31.0 30.5 27.9 22.2 Processed 21.9 12.4 28.8 27.4 22.7 food Primary non 22.0 12.3 13.3 9.5 7.0 agriculture Madagascar - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 0.0 0.0 WHT 5.0 0.0 0.0 GRO 5.0 4.9 0.1 V_F 9.5 9.6 24.8 OSD 4.4 0.0 10.0 Primary agriculture C_B PFB 0.0 0.0 4.2 OCR 1.6 3.3 16.2 CTL 0.0 0.0 8.8 OAP 0.5 0.4 6.7 WOL 0.0 0.0 Primary 4.3 3.0 5.1 agriculture CMT 0.0 1.2 5.1 OMT 8.3 8.9 23.8 VOL 12.8 8.6 2.9 Processed food MIL 5.8 4.8 16.5 PCR 0.0 0.0 17.9 SGR 15.0 12.5 13.0 OFD 3.6 3.5 12.0 B_T 3.5 6.1 10.6 Processed 5.6 4.1 11.4 food Primary non 5.2 3.4 5.2 agriculture Mali - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 30.0 9.3 9.3 5.0 10.0 10.0 WHT 1.2 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GRO 22.6 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 V_F 20.6 17.8 17.8 9.5 10.0 10.0 OSD 24.4 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Primary agriculture C_B PFB 30.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 OCR 6.2 10.0 10.0 9.8 10.1 10.1 CTL 17.9 20.0 20.0 OAP 2.5 10.0 10.0 8.8 10.1 10.1 WOL Primary 10.4 8.0 8.0 7.3 7.9 7.9 agriculture CMT 30.0 19.7 19.7 12.1 13.9 13.9 OMT 4.6 20.0 20.0 18.1 18.4 18.4 VOL 18.5 19.2 19.2 18.8 19.4 19.4 Processed food MIL 2.6 5.6 5.6 7.2 7.1 7.1 PCR 30.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 SGR 15.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 OFD 13.9 14.5 14.5 15.2 15.9 15.5 B_T 28.8 19.3 19.3 19.7 19.7 19.7 Processed 14.2 14.9 14.9 15.4 14.9 14.7 food Primary non 10.4 10.6 10.6 10.8 10.9 10.7 agriculture Morocco - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 61.3 63.8 94.4 94.3 94.4 22.6 94.7 WHT 7.5 27.1 29.4 28.9 28.7 55.9 58.2 GRO 7.5 11.2 20.0 20.8 19.9 94.1 17.0 V_F 56.7 28.3 43.7 41.6 43.5 44.3 26.9 OSD 18.1 19.6 13.9 12.1 10.8 9.8 10.8 Primary agriculture C_B PFB 22.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 1.2 OCR 55.2 14.9 25.5 26.6 22.1 15.7 11.0 CTL 12.5 3.4 7.9 8.9 12.0 10.0 9.1 OAP 19.7 19.0 27.5 30.8 26.8 30.9 9.4 WOL 22.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 0.3 Primary 21.1 21.2 25.7 25.5 24.7 47.7 33.9 agriculture CMT 72.9 64.0 76.1 114.0 73.1 63.3 105.4 OMT 70.6 67.9 89.8 79.8 86.6 73.8 66.1 VOL 50.4 42.0 36.1 10.2 10.0 10.2 7.5 Processed food MIL 47.2 41.4 55.6 58.8 55.8 52.6 35.1 PCR 62.5 111.4 126.4 135.4 126.4 139.6 147.2 SGR 110.0 98.2 35.0 35.0 35.0 35.1 35.0 OFD 56.5 25.9 40.0 38.4 35.7 36.8 30.4 B_T 35.7 16.7 31.7 30.7 31.5 33.2 17.3 Processed 60.9 47.4 39.7 32.7 30.7 29.9 24.1 food Primary non 48.6 16.9 25.4 24.5 24.5 23.3 13.1 agriculture Mozambique - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 2.0 2.5 0.0 2.5 WHT 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 GRO 0.1 2.4 1.4 4.4 V_F 18.5 6.0 6.0 23.3 OSD 6.6 8.2 8.3 8.7 Primary agriculture C_B 0.0 PFB 0.0 1.6 0.7 2.5 OCR 5.0 15.3 16.2 7.5 CTL 0.2 6.6 7.1 3.7 OAP 2.8 8.2 7.0 11.1 WOL 2.5 0.0 0.0 0.0 Primary 3.1 3.7 3.7 7.1 agriculture CMT 19.4 11.3 13.7 19.8 OMT 29.3 24.5 23.5 24.2 VOL 19.8 15.6 17.0 16.4 Processed food MIL 20.2 16.4 17.9 13.5 PCR 7.5 7.4 7.5 6.7 SGR 7.5 7.5 7.5 7.5 OFD 19.4 15.3 17.3 19.8 B_T 18.9 22.8 22.6 22.2 Processed 13.7 14.7 14.3 16.0 food Primary non 10.8 9.1 9.9 10.3 agriculture Nigeria - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 34.1 34.1 34.1 34.1 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 75.0 50.0 WHT 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 5.0 5.0 GRO 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.2 20.2 20.2 19.1 15.0 15.1 45.7 5.0 V_F 40.0 40.0 40.0 40.0 15.0 45.0 45.0 45.0 40.0 38.4 39.3 100.0 19.7 OSD 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 10.0 10.2 10.2 10.2 10.2 24.9 24.9 20.2 6.9 Primary agriculture C_B 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 15.0 15.0 PFB 59.9 59.9 59.9 49.9 10.0 24.9 24.9 24.9 29.9 30.0 30.0 5.0 5.0 OCR 19.4 29.1 29.1 29.1 10.8 19.3 19.3 19.3 22.4 22.0 22.8 25.1 8.2 CTL 99.2 99.2 99.2 99.2 24.5 24.5 24.5 24.5 10.1 24.4 25.0 19.8 OAP 17.2 17.2 17.2 17.8 10.0 10.8 10.7 10.7 12.0 18.9 21.7 25.1 15.0 WOL 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 15.0 16.1 15.0 15.0 Primary 22.5 23.1 23.1 22.5 11.0 13.3 13.3 13.3 18.1 16.9 20.1 7.3 5.8 agriculture CMT 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 15.2 15.2 15.2 15.3 15.3 15.2 5.6 5.8 OMT 20.4 20.4 20.4 20.4 43.4 20.5 20.5 20.5 21.1 18.2 17.8 36.9 15.4 VOL 35.5 35.5 35.5 31.6 28.8 26.5 26.5 26.5 29.0 29.9 32.8 66.4 27.9 Processed food MIL 24.0 28.8 28.8 28.8 20.0 5.5 5.5 5.5 10.4 11.2 11.0 8.5 14.0 PCR 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 100.0 75.0 50.0 SGR 50.0 50.0 50.0 50.0 25.0 10.3 10.3 10.3 15.3 15.0 15.0 15.0 50.0 OFD 44.4 44.6 44.6 44.9 27.8 12.0 12.0 12.0 15.4 17.4 20.7 13.1 13.6 B_T 60.0 60.0 60.0 60.0 71.3 55.0 55.0 55.0 53.4 62.3 63.4 115.7 28.4 Processed 40.1 40.7 40.7 40.8 28.5 21.4 21.4 21.4 24.9 29.2 33.2 34.6 28.2 food Primary non 24.0 25.2 25.3 25.9 20.1 16.4 16.5 16.5 20.0 20.2 21.6 19.0 11.9 agriculture Senegal - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 7.9 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 WHT 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GRO 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 V_F 19.8 19.7 19.7 19.6 19.6 OSD 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Primary agriculture C_B 5.0 5.0 PFB 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 OCR 7.0 6.6 6.5 7.0 7.0 CTL 5.2 5.1 12.1 5.0 5.0 OAP 11.5 12.1 11.6 11.9 11.9 WOL 5.0 Primary 9.2 8.9 8.9 9.3 9.3 agriculture CMT 19.3 11.1 10.9 11.5 11.5 OMT 19.5 19.9 20.0 20.0 20.0 VOL 14.6 14.1 13.7 14.7 14.7 Processed food MIL 8.4 9.2 9.8 9.3 9.3 PCR 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 SGR 20.0 20.0 19.9 19.9 19.9 OFD 13.7 13.7 11.6 13.7 13.2 B_T 17.6 18.4 17.8 18.0 18.0 Processed 12.4 12.2 11.9 12.4 12.2 food Primary non 9.4 8.2 9.1 9.2 9.2 agriculture South Africa - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 WHT 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GRO 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.1 1.8 0.2 0.1 0.4 V_F 7.4 7.4 6.8 7.0 7.9 7.4 5.7 6.3 5.9 OSD 7.9 7.9 1.2 1.2 7.6 6.5 1.9 5.3 5.2 Primary agriculture C_B 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 PFB 4.5 4.9 4.9 7.4 0.0 7.3 7.2 1.3 0.3 0.3 OCR 0.6 0.6 8.0 5.9 0.8 0.6 7.2 6.7 0.7 CTL 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 OAP 0.0 0.3 0.3 1.2 0.5 0.3 0.2 0.3 2.6 2.5 WOL 1.4 0.1 0.1 1.7 0.0 0.5 4.4 2.4 0.0 0.0 Primary 4.0 1.1 1.0 2.8 2.3 2.3 2.9 3.6 2.7 1.8 agriculture CMT 6.9 9.0 14.2 28.3 29.3 26.2 27.0 23.1 0.1 OMT 18.2 32.9 26.3 8.2 5.6 5.1 3.6 9.6 7.7 VOL 18.7 18.7 19.7 6.0 3.6 1.2 7.9 8.1 7.9 Processed food MIL 0.0 3.1 1.3 4.7 6.1 10.6 2.4 0.6 37.5 2.3 PCR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 SGR 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 OFD 7.5 10.6 10.8 12.4 11.7 11.4 10.0 11.4 10.8 9.4 B_T 0.6 0.6 3.7 10.5 11.3 11.8 10.3 6.8 8.2 Processed 4.7 9.3 9.8 13.5 11.4 8.6 6.3 8.3 9.0 7.1 food Primary non 12.1 10.7 11.5 13.8 8.6 5.3 4.4 4.9 5.3 4.8 agriculture Sudan - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 2.1 0.0 WHT 0.0 25.0 GRO 5.0 20.3 V_F 1.9 19.4 OSD 0.6 24.9 Primary agriculture C_B 0.0 PFB 0.0 25.0 OCR 5.7 17.9 CTL 0.0 25.0 OAP 1.3 10.2 WOL Primary 2.7 22.8 agriculture CMT 10.4 19.7 OMT 0.0 45.0 VOL 5.0 44.8 Processed food MIL 29.4 32.6 PCR 5.0 0.0 SGR 18.3 11.1 OFD 10.0 20.1 B_T 142.5 45.0 Processed 10.0 25.9 food Primary non 3.8 19.5 agriculture Tanzania - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 20.0 17.5 17.4 10.4 24.2 75.0 WHT 20.0 30.0 30.0 12.5 5.0 0.0 GRO 20.0 19.2 25.5 18.5 13.6 28.2 V_F 26.9 23.6 27.0 13.9 18.2 23.8 OSD 20.0 30.0 26.6 25.0 25.0 9.9 Primary agriculture C_B 40.0 PFB 18.2 34.4 25.5 5.0 0.0 0.0 OCR 26.5 28.7 17.2 5.3 0.9 9.6 CTL 10.0 14.9 19.8 19.3 11.2 4.5 OAP 24.4 23.3 11.0 24.2 8.5 8.4 WOL 20.0 25.3 29.6 5.0 0.0 0.0 Primary 21.6 23.5 26.1 13.9 6.9 7.4 agriculture CMT 10.5 33.7 29.9 13.7 12.6 13.7 OMT 26.3 36.3 30.3 24.1 13.6 14.4 VOL 20.0 25.1 11.7 17.3 15.0 8.1 Processed food MIL 26.5 34.0 26.7 23.8 19.3 32.3 PCR 20.0 30.0 30.0 25.0 25.0 75.0 SGR 10.0 30.0 17.5 25.0 25.0 45.1 OFD 21.3 32.1 26.4 21.7 17.8 15.0 B_T 34.4 22.5 20.3 19.8 17.0 17.4 Processed 19.5 28.3 20.7 21.7 18.5 28.0 food Primary non 15.5 18.1 17.7 13.0 8.3 8.6 agriculture Togo - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 WHT 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GRO 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 V_F 19.8 20.0 19.6 19.6 19.6 OSD 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Primary agriculture C_B PFB 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 OCR 16.9 19.1 7.9 7.9 7.9 CTL 18.6 19.2 18.0 18.0 18.0 OAP 8.0 9.8 6.5 6.5 6.5 WOL Primary 6.0 5.8 5.5 5.5 5.5 agriculture CMT 20.0 20.0 19.9 19.9 19.9 OMT 19.6 19.4 19.0 19.0 19.0 VOL 18.1 14.9 17.4 17.4 17.4 Processed food MIL 13.5 11.7 13.8 13.8 13.8 PCR 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 SGR 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 20.0 OFD 13.9 15.1 16.2 16.2 16.2 B_T 16.9 17.0 17.7 17.7 17.7 Processed 15.5 15.5 16.9 16.9 16.9 food Primary non 11.3 10.6 11.1 11.2 11.1 agriculture Uganda - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 16.9 12.2 15.0 9.9 15.0 11.9 49.0 WHT 10.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 GRO 12.3 4.8 6.6 6.9 7.0 8.9 40.5 V_F 29.9 13.4 14.2 13.9 14.4 14.6 23.8 OSD 15.1 4.1 4.0 4.0 5.5 6.3 7.5 Primary agriculture C_B 7.0 PFB 10.0 4.3 4.5 5.7 4.1 6.1 0.0 OCR 5.6 7.3 3.2 5.2 5.1 7.9 2.9 CTL 3.7 0.0 11.4 3.4 5.9 3.5 2.0 OAP 0.6 6.5 6.5 6.4 5.6 5.6 6.9 WOL 15.0 15.0 15.0 0.0 Primary 15.9 2.0 1.6 2.5 2.9 3.8 10.3 agriculture CMT 20.0 8.1 6.9 7.4 1.3 8.5 14.2 OMT 14.3 7.1 8.1 7.2 7.0 8.0 5.5 VOL 24.6 8.7 8.5 11.4 7.6 11.4 17.5 Processed food MIL 12.9 10.9 13.9 12.7 12.3 13.1 45.2 PCR 19.1 7.0 14.9 14.6 14.9 15.0 74.7 SGR 17.7 14.4 14.1 14.1 12.4 11.9 73.6 OFD 19.3 8.3 10.6 9.9 11.7 11.8 20.7 B_T 17.5 6.9 7.5 7.7 3.4 8.1 13.9 Processed 20.4 9.4 11.3 11.5 9.4 11.6 31.6 food Primary non 13.6 6.1 6.2 6.2 5.7 5.5 10.6 agriculture Zambia - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 20.0 5.0 5.0 4.6 15.0 WHT 20.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 10.0 GRO 0.1 5.0 5.0 4.8 12.4 V_F 29.1 20.4 23.0 12.5 6.5 OSD 29.9 15.0 13.2 4.5 5.6 Primary agriculture C_B 30.0 15.0 PFB 40.0 5.1 5.7 0.5 0.1 OCR 26.5 11.5 11.5 9.7 6.5 CTL 21.4 5.1 3.2 0.2 1.4 OAP 22.6 9.0 9.1 8.7 9.8 WOL 20.7 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 Primary 13.5 7.8 8.6 7.0 7.8 agriculture CMT 27.5 5.1 5.8 10.7 4.9 OMT 21.1 11.4 8.4 7.5 6.9 VOL 22.9 15.2 15.9 8.6 8.4 Processed food MIL 21.2 21.1 15.1 16.8 14.7 PCR 20.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 14.8 SGR 40.0 25.0 25.0 0.9 10.3 OFD 30.1 17.7 18.2 12.8 14.2 B_T 25.3 19.3 15.9 2.7 6.4 Processed 26.9 16.5 15.5 8.4 10.8 food Primary non 18.1 11.4 9.4 8.9 8.6 agriculture Zimbabwe - Trade weighted applied ad valorem tariff 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 PDR 13.6 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 WHT 29.7 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 GRO 24.3 28.3 15.0 30.0 17.6 24.9 24.4 V_F 28.3 36.1 9.6 35.5 28.5 21.0 22.2 OSD 21.3 5.6 2.6 7.1 5.0 10.3 13.6 Primary agriculture C_B 15.0 PFB 6.5 2.5 0.0 2.5 2.6 2.5 2.5 OCR 32.9 29.1 24.4 33.8 25.8 23.8 57.0 CTL 30.0 9.0 4.6 9.7 7.5 5.8 5.4 OAP 27.7 7.1 11.5 6.2 6.0 7.5 6.5 WOL 30.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 Primary 26.4 17.1 12.9 27.1 16.2 24.0 25.6 agriculture CMT 30.0 5.1 5.0 5.8 6.3 5.7 22.9 OMT 32.5 19.4 10.0 22.4 7.0 14.6 31.3 VOL 44.7 8.8 8.5 11.9 13.3 21.9 18.8 Processed food MIL 41.9 37.3 21.0 37.4 33.3 31.8 34.2 PCR 27.6 15.0 13.9 15.0 15.0 15.0 15.0 SGR 8.9 30.0 15.1 30.0 25.0 25.0 25.0 OFD 38.5 23.8 20.4 27.8 26.6 29.9 22.3 B_T 40.2 53.0 55.4 67.3 56.4 33.2 42.8 Processed 38.1 21.1 18.2 25.9 21.2 25.7 21.8 food Primary non 39.6 17.1 18.0 16.3 10.4 22.5 16.1 agriculture