79800 TI1e purpose of this brochure is to elicit parh1er's feedback and support to the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR), a new initiative of the \Vorld Bank in suppmtof implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action (HFA) · in low and middle-income countries at high disaster risks. This Facility has been approved by the World Bank's Board for financial assistance from the Development Grants Facility (DGF) in FY 07. This parh1ership note will be regularly updated based on feedback and suggestions from the World Bank's parh1ers and clients to enhance the impact of the Facility's interventions in low and middle- income countries prone to clisaster risks. The World Conference on Disaster Reduction was held from 18 to 22 January 2005 in Kobe, Hyogo, Japan, and adopted the present Framework for Action 2005-2015: Building the Resilience of Nations and Communities to Disasters (here after referred to as the 'Hyogo Framework for Action"). ALL-HAZARD TOTAL ECONOMIC LOSS RISK HOTSPOTS: TOP 20 IN EMERGENCY LOANS GOP Deciles All Hazards - 1"-4"' D s"' -i" • s"' -1o.. According to the Global Hotspots Analysis conducted by 2_More than four-fifths of GDP is located in areas the World Bank and Columbia University, 25 million km of relatively high economic risk subject to one or sq. and 3.4 billion people are relatively highly exposed more hazards. to at least one natural hazard; 105 million people are 3_More than half of the world's GDP is located in high- relatively highly exposed to three or more hazards. risk areas subject to two or more hazards. Key findings of the Hotspots study are: 4_35 countries have more than 5% of the population in 1_Higher population density of areas that have areas at risk from three or more hazards. experienced relatively high mortality during the past 5_96 countries have more than 10% of the population two decades. Nearly one-fourth of total land area and in areas at risk from two or more hazards. more than three-fourths of world's population are 6_160 countries have more than 25% of the population subject to a relatively high risk from one or in areas at risk from one or more hazards. more hazards. BACKGROUND 5 D ISASTER REDUCTION AND RECOVERY IS A CRITICAL DIMENS ION OF POVERTY REDUCTION AGENDA. Disaster-related risks continue to increase due to urbanization, unplanned human settlements, environmental degradation , and increasing vulnerability of the population in the World Bank's client countries and these pose a threat to development gains. Modeling disaster risks in macroeconomic projections and estimating changes in real per capita income has shown that catastrophes can slow or stall the reduction of poverty. Beyond the sheer numbers of those living in poverty, the poverty gap is also accentuated by the catastrophes. In order to meet poverty objectives, it is necessary that potential hazard risks are determined and risk management approaches taken into account while designing poverty reduction strategies/socio-economic development plans. As and when disasters do occur, recovery has often remained under-funded with detrimental impact on development despite donor support and reallocation of development portfolio. The global and national mechanism for financing recovery needs greater attention to bring in speed, flexibility, and innovation to jump-start economies affected by disasters and to ensure that poverty-related policy objectives are met. T HE HYOGO FRAMEWORK FOR ACTIO (2005-2015) IS THE INSTRUMENT TO AC HIEVE DISASTER REDUCTION. The primary international agreement for disaster reduction amongst 168 countries and multi-lateral institutions including the World Bank and the U system is the Hyogo Framework for Action 2005- 2015(HFA). The principal strategic goal of HFA is to more effectively integrate disaster risk considerations into sustainable development policies, planning, and programming at all levels and it is directly relevant to the World Bank's country assistance strategies and poverty reduction strategy papers (PRSPs). The International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) system, which has been recently strengthened witl1 the participation of national governments, provides an opportunity for enhanced dialogue for sustained political commitment and action for disaster reduction. The essential purpose of the ISDR system, consisting of governments, UN agencies, IFis, private sectors and civil society organizations, is to support the growth of national 6 capacities to deal with disaster risk, including the establishment or strengthening of national platforms for disaster risk reduction and support national action plans. The ISDR system has been mandated to track progress on achievement of three strategic goals of the Framework. F OR THE FIRST TIME, TI-lE HOTSPOTS STUDY OF TI-lE WORLD BANK AND COLUMBIAUNIVERSITYPROVIDESASCIENTIFICBASISFORBENCIIMARKING ANDREDUCINGECONOMICLOSSRISKSDUETONATURALI-IAZARDS. TheWorldBank commits substantial resources each year for reconstruction after disasters. A recent evaluation of World Bank's natural disaster assistance by its Independent Evaluation Group (lEG) has observed that natural hazard risks are highly concentrated, so special attention needs to be given to planning ahead for disaster and to reducing long-term vulnerability in those countries at highest risk. The study has also recommended that disaster mitigation must be an integral part of strategic planning processes in these countries 11 In order to proactively pursue risk reduction in high risk countries, the World Bank's Global Hotspots Study has identified 86 countries with high mortality and economic loss risks, with 30-95% of GOP and/or mortality in areas at risks . With the climate trend pointing to more extreme conditions and increased climate variability in the future, many countries in environmentally sensitive regions, particularly the island nations will become more vulnerable to climate-related risks . Besides the need for improving the global mechanism for efficient delivery of recovery assistance in countries prone to natural disasters through greater institutional preparedness and coordination, it is necessary to move the focus away from merely responding to disaster losses through reconstruction to mitigation and pre-disaster preparedness activities as a critical dimension of the global poverty reduction agenda, in line with the Hyogo framework for mainstreaming disaster reduction. 11 II Visit http://www.worldbank.org/ieg/naturaldisasters to see the full report. 11 Visit http://www.worldbank.org/hazards/gfdrr for details of this Mainstreaming Framework. T HE WORLD BANK SEEKS TO RESPO D TO GLOBAL DEMAND FOR CATALY2ING GREATER I VESTMENT I PREVENTJO AND MITIGATION TO SUPPORT IMPLE- MENTATION OF HFA. Building networks and global and regional partnerships for 7 disaster reduction to leverage support for mainstrearning hazard risk management in national development strategies of high risk countries is integral to the World Bank's approach to disaster reduction. The Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) is a new initiative intended to support national capacity building to deal with ex-ante risk of natural disasters and to enhance speed and efficiency of international assistance for disaster recovery operations when disasters do occur. The Facility will also support the ISDR system to catalyze global and regional partnerships towards achieving some of the global and regional deliverables under the Hyogo Framework. The involvement of the World Bank in this Global Facility will demonstrate a global best practice in combining disaster risk reduction with the long-term development agenda and assisting client countries to manage and reduce current and emerging disaster risks as integral to their development plans. BACKGROUND 8 THE WORLD BANK IS EXPECTED TO PROVIDE INIELLECIUAL, TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL LEADERSHIP TO THE GWBAL FACILITY TO ACHIEVE THE HFA MANDATED GWBAL, REGIONAL AND COUNrn.Y LEVEL OUTCOl'vlES IN DISASTER REDUCTIO . With its more than 40 years of operations in natural disaster assistance, the World Bank has acquired rich expertise and knowledge in disaster reduction. It has developed structured and systematic approaches to disaster reduction, tools and techniques for comprehensive risk assessment and mitigation, documented lessons and good practices in major disaster recovery and mitigation projects, policy-based tools for disaster- resilient development etc. Majority of the World Bank borrowers come to rely on the World Bank for advice and financial support each time a major natural occurrence overwhelms their abili ty to cope. Since 1980, the World Bank has lent an estimated $ 26 billion in 528 disaster responses that generally have achieved their objectives. It has also developed an array of innovative risk financing instruments in collaboration with private sector and these are increasingly being used for financing disaster risks. With this knowledge, it is uniquely positioned to provide intellectual and technical leadership at the global level to integrate risk reduction with economic growth and poverty reduction objectives. This integration, stimulated through country diagnostics and programming, will catalyze greater investment in risk mitigation. T HE WORLD BANK'S PARTICIPATION IN THE GWBAL FACILITY WILL 'ENSURE EFFECTIVE UNKAGES 'VITI-I POVERTY REDUCTIO STRATEGIES. Participation of the World Bank in the strategic oversight of the new ISDR system is considered crucial by all stakeholders including donor governments of the ISDR system to ensure effective linkages to poverty reduction strategies and extensive investment in hazard risk reduction. The Global Facility, a partnership between the World Bank and stakeholders of the ISDR system provides strategic advantage to influence the global disaster risk reduction agenda and ensure that the investments made by the World Bank in poverty reduction at the country-level catalyze other complementary investments from members of the ISDR system in a coherent and non duplicating manner. The World Bank has a huge portfolio of post-disaster reconstruction programs and many of its ongoing sectoral programmes in health, education, urban development and infrastructure can promote better hazard risk management through appropriate alignments to disaster risk reduction. Analytical and Institution Advisory Services Building his component will support global, his component will support the T regional, national and sub-national hazard assessment and mapping, hazard T development of a policy and institutional framework for hazard risk vulnerability and poverty analysis, risk governance, management and capacity identification, risk assessment; action building in the countries. Some of research to establish disasters and poverty the activities that could be supported nexus, to generate evidence for long-term are: developing institutional and legal impact of disasters on development ~als, framework for disaster reduction, country- to evolve cost-benefits framework for level capacity and needs assessment, mitigation strategies; technical assistance developing human resource development to evolve a national road map for hazard plan, capacity building action planning for risk management mainstreaming in poverty risk management, establishing national reduction; to develop sector-wide hazard risk information, communication and risk mainstreaming approaches in sectoral knowledge management framework, etc. policies; to develop innovative disaster financing instruments; assessment of existing policies, regulatory practices and incentives Advocacy, Training and for improved risk management; to mainstream Capacity Building Programme adaptive strategies for climate change; other need-based diagnostic and advisory services in the targeted countries with an objective to influence the formulation and implementation his component is meant to support of poverty reduction strategies. While most T awareness and advocacy for hazard of the activities under Service Une 1 will be risk management in countries during undertaken in countries, some activities will the PRS formulation phase, working be undertaken centrally at global and regional with global and regional networks and levels to support country operations, e.g., institutions to raise awareness on hazard 14 development of Handbook for mainstreaming prevention and mitigation; training of hazard risk management in poverty reduction, focal points from relevant line Ministries development ofToolkit for integrating hazard and lead national training institutions in risk assessment in poverty reduction; tracking hazard risk management etc. resources for hazard prevention and mitigation at global, regional and national levels, etc. ost of the accumulated disaster· espite donor support and reallocation M risks are due to sub-standard and decaying infrastructure in rural and urban D of ongoing development portfolio, recovery has been under funded with areas. Safety of critical infrastructure detrimental impact on development. Gap such as schools and health facilities is between end of humanitarian phase and extremely important as these have direct initiation of medium/long-term recovery bearing on extent of mortality risks in a needs urgent attention of development disaster scenario. While new infrastructure community. Recovery often slows down must meet acceptable building standards, due to termination of relief phase and existing ones will have to be retrofitted. insufficient funds for immediate recovery. Systematic review of the building codes The transition from relief to long-term and innovative measures to improve their recovery phase can be smoothened by enforcement, demonstrative community- a rapid recovery financing mechanism based small infrastructure risk mitigation which provides additional resources projects using local resources, and cost- to poor countries. Besides speed of effective technologies etc are examples action in funding, need for institutional of some of the small projects that could preparedness and coordination among all be supported under this component. It is stakeholders is essential. This service line expected to demonstrate benefits of risk will make additional resources available mitigation with local risk management to low-income countries for post-disaster initiatives and therefore will leverage recovery operations provided recipient greater public and private investments country has undertaken necessary policy in reducing structural (e.g., hospital and financial measures for ex ante risk building to withstand an earthquake) mitigation and financing. and non-structural (hospital building to remain functional after an earthquake) vulnerabilities for critical infrastructure in areas at high risks. 15 , I The primary development outcome of the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery is to mainstream hazard risk management and sustainable disaster recovery practices in development strategies for good governance, sustainable economic growth and poverty reduction in low and middle-income countries who are at high mortality and economic loss risks due to multiple natural hazards. 18 THE GLOBAL FACILilY IS IN ALIGNMENT WITH THE WORLD BANK'S STRATEGIC FRAMEWORK M ILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS Hazard risk management approach is about protecting development gains. With increasing frequency and severity of disasters in many parts of the world, achieving MDGs and sustaining them further will be unrealistic without integrating hazard risk management approaches in different national policies and development interventions. Flawed development plans (which don't incorporate hazard risk mitigation activities) may further increase the vulnerability to hazards, rather than reducing them. Most of the MDGs touch upon areas which are closely linked to vulnerability to natural hazards such as eradicating extreme poverty and hunger, achieving universal primary education, promoting gender equality, ensuring environmental stability and partnerships for development. Recurrent disasters erode the assets and livelihoods of poor, increase the school drop-outs due to reduced family income after disasters or poorly designed buildings don't exist, access to health care is denied as structurally vulnerable hospital facilities are badly damaged in disasters. There is a case for creating holistic hazard risk management capabilities in all hazard prone countries to pro-actively mitigate future disaster risks and to respond effectively when catastrophic events happen. Attaining MDGs in a disaster resilient manner is the greatest incentive for national governments to mainstream hazard risk management approaches in development objectives and strategies. This Facility will provide a mechanism at global and national level to promote risk reducing development strategies. W ORLD BANK SECTOR STRATEGIES OR EQUIVALE T The facility is in line with the World Bank's strategic framework for mainstreaming hazard risk management in macroeconomic and sectoral development policies for good governance, sustained economic growth, and poverty reduction. The underlying approach of this multi-disciplinary and multi-sectoral Framework is to apply risk management principles in all sectors of development to protect development gains. In line with the HFA, it calls for priority action for developing national hazard mitigation strategies to support sustainable poverty reduction, integrating risk management in awareness generation, public education and training programmes, putting in place appropriate legal framework to support regulations and mechanisms that encourage compliance of risk management principles in all sectors of development, enhanced risk management as an integral function of public sector management through capacity building programmes. XISTING WORLD BANK PROGRAMS AND OTHER GLOBAL PROGRAMS AND E PART ERSHIPS This initiative will build on the work of the ProVention 19 Consortium, which has made a significant contribution in improving global awareness and knowledge of hazards, vulnerabilities and associated risks through systematic documentation oflessons from disaster recovery projects and action research in hazard risk management. Moving from knowledge to practice to reduce the risks in countries at high risks is an immediate priority. The Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery will assist the 86 high-risk countries mainstream hazard risk management in development strategies. The facility will enable and accelerate the implementation of the Hyogo Framework for Action in the World Bank's low and middle-income high- risk client countries. The facility will also promote standardization and harmonization of hazard risk management tools and methodologies among all stakeholders (UN agencies, MDBs, bilateral agencies, corporate sector and civil society organizations) at the global and regional levels. 22 GLOBAL-COUNTRY LINKAGE T HE PROGRAMMES SUPPORTED BY THE GLOBAL FACILITY AT COUNTRY-LEVEL WILL RELATE TO A D LINK WITH THE COUNTRY SYSTEMS AND STRATEGIES. The programme will support risk and vulnerability assessment and development of national hazard risk management strategies as an integral component of sustainable poverty reduction in the client countries. Developing credible economic estimates of the impact of disaster losses and generating evidence on disaster-poverty nexus through analytical and advisory assistance in countries at high risks will stimulate country-level environment to address risk reduction as a development priority and will help in mainstreaming this in the country assistance strategies (CASs). Disaster mitigation programmes will require technical and financial assistance which World Bank and other bilateral and multilateral organizations will be able to provide to client countries within the overall country resource framewo rk. Under this Partnership, tools, guidelines and practices will be developed in close consultation with national government counterparts, World Bank Country Offices, U country teams, Regional Development Banks, IFRC and other stakeholders to apply hazard management principles into country assistance strategies and PRSPs. Under the new ISDR system, each country will have a country-led national platform for disaster reduction which will bring together all stakeholders at the national level. Priority areas of work and gaps to be supported from the Global Facility will be identified by the governments through the national platform and the World Bank country office will receive the requests for follow on action on these requests. S OME OF T ilE KEY STAKEHOLDERS E GAGED IN IMPLEMENTATION OF HYOGO FRAMEWORK FOR ACTION (IIFA) WILL BE INVOLVED IN T illS PARTNERS HIP. As the proposed Global Facility is primarily intended to support national capacity building efforts for disaster reduction and recovery and also to catalyze global and regional partnerships in support of national programmes, the partnership is formed among some of the key stakeholders of the global system, namely, • 1 Chairman of the Global Platform for Disaster Risk Reduction (an advocacy platform of the ISDR system) - in the interim, Chair of the ISDR or his nominee will be a member. • 4 Representative of the donor government (Four largest contributors to the Facility, determined on a two-year cycle) • 4 Representatives of World Bank's client countries - 2 largest IDA borrowers measured in % of GNP, determined on a two- - 23 year basis - 2 largest IBRD borrowers measured in % of GNP, determined on a two- year basis • 2 Representatives of the Private Sector/Charities/Foundations!Trusts (two largest contributors to the Facility) • 3 Representatives of Regional Development Banks • 5 Representatives of international organizations (industries/academic/ professional networks) • J..Ihe World Bank (C hair) 20 These organizations will be represented in a consultative group to discuss the policy matters and provide strategic advice to the Facility on deliverables. The Consultative Group (CG) will deliberate and approve biennial results and resource framework of the Facility to achieve global, regional, and local deliverables in line with overall global framework of the ISDR System where World Bank is a member. The Vice President (Sustainable Development) of the World Bank will chair the CG and largest donor government in the Facility will co-chair. The CG will meet at least once annually; however the Chair and/or the Co-chair may convene the meeting to discuss matters which need urgent attention of the members of the CG. Soon after the constitution of the CG, it will approve its Operating Procedures which will be mandatory for all members of the Group. A HIGH-POWER CONSULTATIVE GROUP WILL PROVIDE STRATEGIC OVERSIGHT TO THE GWBAL FACILITY The policy and strategic oversight of the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) will be provided by the CG. All decisions of the CG will be approved and/or adopted by consensus. A Steering Committee consisting of all World Bank Regional Sustainable Development Directors (VPUs), Director (OPCS ), Director (OPD), Director (ISDR Secretariat) and chaired by the Director (TUD ) will be constituted to approve annual work programme and budgets. The CG may also nominate few organizations or experts to the Steering Committee. Rules ofbusiness of the Steering Committee will be approved by the CG in its first sitting. The CG may decide to delegate a set of functions to the Steering Committee. There will be a Technical Advisory Group consisting of experts and professionals drawn from developed and developing countries to advise the CG on technical, quality, and monitoring issues. The Global Facility will have a Secretariat to support the working of the Technical ------ 24 Advisory Group, Steering Committee and the Consultative Group. The Secretariat will consist of a Programme Manager, 4 Subject Matter Disaster Specialists, 1 Economist, 1 Financial Management Specialist, 1 Communication and Monitoring and Evaluation Specialist and few support staff to provide technical and administrative support to the members of the Global Facility, including the World Bank region and country teams. (See Figure 1). The Secretariat of the Global Facility should be ideally located in a credible organization with world-class expertise both in risk reduction and risk financing and with largest outreach to client countries at high disaster risks. Risk reduction also requires multi-sectoral development expertise which World Bank can provide. The Global Facility is expected to manage large funds for disaster reduction and recovery, and the World Bank is the most appropriate host for the Secretariat of such a Facility due to its sound fiduciary management and safeguards. T HE GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE OF THE GLOBAL FACILITY WILL ALLOW FOR SUFFICIENT (I) PARTICIPANT DIVERSITY, INCLUDING DEVELOPING COUNTRY INPUT, AND (II) LEGITIMACY (STAKEHOLDER SUPPORT) , INCLUDING HOST COUNTRY CONSENT. Participation of donor governments, recipient countries from different World Bank regions, who also participate in the ISDR system, multilateral development banks, private sectors, academia and civil society organizations will make the Consultative Group a diverse group to reflect the needs and aspirations of regions of the world. Direct participation by technical experts from ISDR will ensure coherence with Global system of Disaster risk reduction. Stakeholders of the ISDR System have requested World Bank to play a greater role in mainstreaming disaster reduction in poverty reduction strategies and this draws upon the consultations that World Bank has organized with the partners during last couple of months. The Programme is a demand-driven facility and will support need-based activities in World Bank's client countries . CONSULTATIVE GROUP (GFDRR) CHAIR: SDN VP CO-CHAIR: DoNoR Govr (I) Member: Donor Governments (3 ), Recipient Governments (4), Private Sector donors (2), Chairperson, GPDRR of IS DR, MDBs, Industry/Academic/Professional bodies(5) Policy setting, strategic advice and goal setting for the Facility STEERING COMMITTEE (GFDRR) TECHNICAL ADVISORY CHAIR: SDN VPIDIRECTOR (TUD) GROUP (GFDRR) Members: Reg Sector Directors, Director Experts and professionals (OPCS), Director (OPD), drawn from developed and Director, ISDR Secretariat, Approval of work program and budget, review and monitoring IMPLEMENTATION T HE WORK PROGRAM DELIVERABLES OF THE GLOBAL FACILITY ARE TO BE SELECTED, MANAGED, DELIVERED AND MO ITORED IN A PARTICIPATORY MANNER. The global and regional work programme deliverables will be identified by the International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR) Sectt in consul tation with the Global Facility Secretariat at the World Bank and presented to the Consultative Croup 26 (CC )/Steering Committee (SC) for approval and implementation through a number of international and regional institutions and networks. Country-level deliverables will be identified by the country-led National Platforms of ISDR in countries in consultation with World Bank country offices and presented by the World Bank country team through the Facility Secretariat to the CC for approval. ISDR Sectt manages the Global deliverables, while the regional deliverables are managed by the Regional Outreach offices of the ISDR in Africa, Latin America, and Asia. World Bank Task Teams in respective regions/countries of the World Bank will manage the country deliverables in close consultations with multisectoral national platforms of disaster risk reduction. Periodic reports will be obtained and presented to the Steering Committee for review and mid-course corrections where necessary. Annual Report on Mainstreaming Disaster Reduction will be prepared to disseminate good practices at all levels. T HE RESPONSIBILITY FOR APPROVAL, EXECUTION AND SUPERVISION OF DELIVE- RABLES OF THE GLOBAL FACILITY IS WITH THE CONSULTATIVE GROUP AND THE STEERING COMMITTEE. The Consultative Group/Steering Committee wi ll approve the Programme deliverables at global, regional and national levels. ISDR Sectt will be responsible for supervision of global and regional deliverables, and World Bank task teams will be responsible for supervision of national deliverables. Execution of the programme deliverables will be undertaken by different international, regional and national institutions. 27 T HE WORLD BANK POLICIES WILL APPLY (E.G., OPERATIO AL, PROCUREMENT, FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT, DISCLOSURE AND SAFEGUARDS POLICIES) TO IMPLEMENTATIO OF PROGRAMME DELIVERABLES. World Bank policies will apply to World Bank executed and recipient government executed Programme deliverables. ISDR Sectt will apply UN policies pertaining to operational, procurement, financial management, disclosure and safeguards etc. P ARTNERS OF THE GLOBAL FACILITY CAN CONTRIBUTE TECHNICAL AND FINANCIAL RESOURCES TO THE GLOBAL FACILITY. Partners are encouraged to make financial and in-kind contribution, both staff and others, for greater ownership of the facility. Donor governments are also encouraged to provide services of specialists to the G lobal Facility under staff exchange programs. SUSTAINABILilY 29 T HE RESOURCE MOBILIZATION AND MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR THIS GLOBAL FACILITY WILL BE DISCUSSED IN THE FIRST MEETING OF THE CONSULTATIVE GROUP. A number of donors from among the Governments and the Private Sectors are expected to contribute to the Global Facility. Together the World Bank and the UN/ISDR will organize regular donor consultations to develop this partnership and their support to the Facility. Donor consultations are also proposed to be organized during or immediately after the Fall annual meeting 2006 of the World Bank. Next donor consultation is tentatively scheduled in the last week of September 2006 in Washington DC. A forum of private sector members is also proposed during December 2006 to develop a road map for building a strong partnership between tfle private sector community and this Facility. A significant feature of this Facility is to mobilize a Standby Financing Sub-Facility for Rapid Disaster Recovery which has support of some of the large donors. FINANCIAL ARRANGEMENTS (2006-2016) Estimated programme size (All Tracks): $ 2 billion Annual programme outlay of the Facility $ 20 million (provisional estimate) (Track I and II): for ex-ante risk management The resource mobilization strategy is based on three distinct, but inter-related tracks as explained below. While Track l is dedicated to global and regional deliverables for which resources have been approved by tl1e Board of the World Bank, other two tracks, namely Track 2 and Track 3, have been designed to manage multi-donor trust funds with participation from donors and corporate sectors for mostly the country-level deliverables. The resource mobilization plan will be presented to the Consultative Croup (CC) for broad guidance and support from the members of the CC. THREE -TRACK FINANCING Track l. Global and Regional Deliverables (knowledge management and research) DGF Funding: $ 5 million per year beginning in 2007 under Window 2 Track 2. Country-level deliverables (ex-ante risk management) Donor support to be mobilized:$ 350 million 30 Track 3. Standby Recovery Financing Facility (framework being developed) Besides a start up contribution from UK (DFID) for Track 2 for mainstreaming work in selected countries, discussions are currently ongoing with Sweden, Canada, Germany, Denmark, Australia, Japan, Netl1erlands, USAID, Switzerland, Spain, . Norway, Finland, Portugal, Italy, France and EU for their support to the Global Facility. Many developing countries are also keen to contribute to the Facility. M AINSTREAMING DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AS INTEGRAL TO POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY WILL BE A LONG-TERM PROCESS AND THE WORLD BANK'S ENGAGEMENT WITH THIS GLOBAL FACILITY IS THEREFORE, PROPOSED AS A LONG-TERM PROGRAM. There is adequate evidence tl1at disaster vulnerability and poverty are intrinsically linked . The approach to disaster reduction under the Programme will be central to the World Bank's poverty reduction agenda in client countries at high risks due to multiple hazards and the success can be judged from the positive outcomes of poverty alleviation programmes ·in such countries. However, mainstreaming disaster risk reduction in poverty reduction is a long-term process and the World Bank's engagement witl1 this Global Facility is, therefore, proposed as a long-term programme. It is hard to achieve anything substantial in a shorter time frame . Besides present risks, there are emerging risks which will require more sophisticated tools for risk anticipation, knowledge for risk mitigation and emergency management. This will require systematic research on emerging scenarios at global and regional levels and technical assistance to the client countries to be prepared for future risks. As the world gets smaller and smaller due to technological advancements, risk gets larger and larger. The Global Facility is envisioned to be the flag bearer of risk reduction globally with best expertise and knowledge on risks.