68757 CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR MEDIUM AND SMALL CITIES IN VIETNAM HA LONG VÀ CAN THO CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR CAN THO CITY ALLIANCES – WORLD BANK – MINISTRY OF CONSTRUCTION Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning Address: 37 Le Dai Hanh St., Hanoi, Vietnam Telephone: 84.4.8217636 Fax: 84.4.9 764 339 NIURP WB TABLE OF CONTENT CHAPTER I ...................................................................................................................................... 3 VISION STATEMENT ...................................................................................................................... 3 CHAPTER II ..................................................................................................................................... 5 OUTLINE STRATEGIC OVERVIEW ............................................................................................... 5 1. EXISTING SITUATION AND STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF CAN THO CITY ...............................6 2. CAN THO CITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MEKONG RIVER DELTA REGION ...................7 3. SOCIO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF CAN THO CITY................................................................7 4. A VISION FOR THE CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR CAN THO.........................................9 5. THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF CAN THO CITY AND THE OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS IN ITS DEVELOPMENT ........................................................................................................9 6. KEY OBJECTIVES FOR THE CDS FOR CAN THO CITY................................................................10 CHAPTER III .................................................................................................................................. 13 KEY THEMES WITH STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES ......................................................................... 13 THEME 1 - ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT..................................................................................... 14 1. EXISTING SITUATION .....................................................................................................................14 2. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE .....................................................................................19 3. DRIVERS FOR DEVELOPMENT AND KEY ASSUMPTIONS..........................................................19 4. REQUIREMENTS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT RELATING TO OTHER SECTORS ..............34 5. CHALLENGES, OBSTACLES TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT....................................................38 6. PRIORITIES FOR ACTION AND OPTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION..............................................38 THEME 2 - URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ........................................................................................................................................................ 39 PART I. URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT .......................................................... 39 1. GENERAL OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPLES...................................................................................39 2. URBAN TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ......................................................................................40 3. URBAN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE..............................................................................................49 PART II. ENVIRONMENT QUALITY PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT ............................. 52 1. GENERAL OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPLES...................................................................................52 2. URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN CAN THO CITY ....................................................52 3. SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT IN CAN THO CITY .....54 THEME 3 - POVERTY ALLEVIATION ........................................................................................... 56 1. EXISTING SITUATION .....................................................................................................................56 2. KEY OBJECTIVES OF DEVELOPMENT..........................................................................................58 3. DEVELOPMENT ORIENTATION .....................................................................................................59 4. RELEVANT AREAS: .........................................................................................................................60 5. PROBLEMS AND ISSUES ...............................................................................................................62 6. PRIORITIES FOR ACTION AND OPTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION..............................................63 7. OBJECTIVES:..................................................................................................................................64 8. SOLUTIONS TO REACH OBJECTIVES...........................................................................................65 THEME 4 - HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT...................................................................... 68 1. EXISTING SITUATION .....................................................................................................................68 2. KEY OBJECTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT ......................................................................................72 3. DEMAND FOR LABOR....................................................................................................................72 4. LIMITATIONS: ................................................................................................................................82 THEME 5 - FINANCIAL RESOURCES .......................................................................................... 83 1. EXISTING SITUATION .....................................................................................................................83 2. KEY OBJECTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT .......................................................................................86 4. DRIVERS OF DEVELOPMENT AND KEY ASSUMPTIONS ............................................................88 5. DEVELOPMENT PRE-REQUISITES FOR THIS THEME.................................................................89 6. PROBLEMS AND ISSUES ...............................................................................................................89 7. PRIORITIES FOR ACTION AND OPTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION..............................................90 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance THEME 6 - URBAN GOVERNANCE AND INSTITUTIONS........................................................... 93 1. EXISTING SITUATION .....................................................................................................................93 2. KEY OBJECTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT .......................................................................................99 3. DEVELOPMENT PRE-REQUISITES FOR THIS THEME...............................................................102 4. PROBLEMS AND ISSUES .............................................................................................................102 5. PRIORITIES FOR ACTION AND OPTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION............................................102 CHAPTER IV ................................................................................................................................ 104 FIRST PRIORITIZED PROGRAMMES AND PROJECTS OF..................................................... 104 CAN THO CITY ............................................................................................................................ 104 1. THEME OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.....................................................................................105 2. THEME OF INFRATRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION..............109 3. THEME OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION ...........................................................................................112 4. THEME OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT ......................................................................113 5. THEME OF URBAN GOVERNANCE AND INSTITUTION..............................................................114 CHAPTER V ................................................................................................................................. 116 ACTION PLANS ........................................................................................................................... 116 1. THEME 1: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT.......................................................................................117 2. THEME 2 – INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION .......118 3. THEME 3 – POVERTY ALLEVIATION ...........................................................................................120 4. THEME 4- HUMAN RESOURCES .................................................................................................121 5. THEME 5 - FINANCIAL RESOURCES ...........................................................................................122 6. THEME 6 – URBAN GOVERNANCE .............................................................................................125 CHAPTER VI ................................................................................................................................ 126 MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORKS .................................................................. 126 1. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT .................127 2. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ............................................................................................128 3. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION........................130 4. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK OF HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT 131 5. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT132 6. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK OF URBAN GOVERNMENT AND INSTITUTION133 APPENDICES .............................................................................................................................. 134 2 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CHAPTER I VISION STATEMENT 3 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance Within the next 20 years, Can Tho city will be a dynamic development for the whole Mekong Delta Region, southern part of Viet Nam and the adjacent international regions. Can Tho will be a typical riverside city with a multi-center city system: center of hi- tech industry, trading, service and tourism; science and technology center, healthcare and education-training center, Mekong delta communication center where there is a high standard 4 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CHAPTER II OUTLINE STRATEGIC OVERVIEW 5 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 1. EXISTING SITUATION AND STAGE OF DEVELOPMENT OF CAN THO CITY Can Tho has been a national Class 1 City, with provincial status, since January 2004. It combines what was previously the city of Can Tho with a large agricultural hinterland. It therefore covers a large land area in which only four of the eight districts are urban (towns) and the remaining four are rural. This City Development Strategy is for the whole of the area included in the city’s administrative boundaries. The present economic and industrial structure of the city still reflects this strong agricultural base. While the agricultural sector now contributes only 17% of the City’s GDP(See key Socio Economic Indicators below) it provides 52% of the employment and many of its growing industries are based around food processing. The plans for the Mekong Delta region and for the city in the region, contain ambitious objectives for the growth of the city into a regional and national focus of industry, and commerce. The challenge for the city and for the City Development Strategy (CDS) is how to use its geographical location on the Mekong and comparative strengths to achieve a transition from an agriculturally linked city to one based on high technology and high value added industries and services. And how to translate the economic and social benefits of this transition into employment and income potential for all its inhabitants, in both urban and rural areas, whilst at the same time protecting the integrity of its river based environment. The keys to this transformation will be to build the knowledge and skills of the labour force both for the city and the region and to mobilise new sources of investment. KEY SOCIO ECONOMIC INDICATORS FOR CAN THO, 2005 GDP (VND m), 8,552,993 Share of GDP Agricultural . Sector 17.39% Industrial Sector 38.10% Service Sector 44.51% GDP per capita (VND 1,000,) 7,492 GDP per capita (USD ,1994) 681 Human Development Index 0.739 Population (ppl 1,000, 2005 ) 1135.2 Urbanisation % ~ 19% Area (km2, 2003) 1,400.96 Source: Socio-economic development master plan for Can Tho City for the period of 2006/2020. All financial figures are at standardised 1994 prices 6 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 2. CAN THO CITY IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE MEKONG RIVER DELTA REGION1 The Socio Economic Development Plan for the Mekong River Delta Region places emphasis on making full use of the Region’s strategic location and advantages, to promote industrialization and modernization of agriculture and to establish a large-scale, specialized commodity-producing region. The plan is for region to become a focal economic zone of national significance with high, and sustainable growth. The intention is to raise overall social and cultural conditions to the national average standards, paying particular attention to people living in flood-prone areas and improving the material conditions for the minority Khmer population. Socio-economic development is to be linked with environmental protection and the Mekong Delta Plan also emphasises creating conditions for social and political stability security and defence. Can Tho is seen as the focal point for trade within the region and between regions. Investments are planned which will improve the transportation infrastructure, particularly the national road network in order to connect the Mekong Delta and the South East of Vietnam with other parts of the country. Within the region, it is planned that Can Tho city will become the centre of industry, commerce, and services including tourism, education, culture and the sciences, economic, technical and scientific centre. As a growth point for tourism it will take advantage of its location and bio-diversity. It is intended that it will become the regional centre for raising educational levels especially in vocational training and higher education through an upgrading of schools and the establishment of new universities and colleges. In health priority is to be given to investment in modernizing existing hospitals especially provincial-level general clinics, and accelerating the construction of specialized health facilities in Can Tho City. 3. SOCIO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF CAN THO CITY This CDS for Can Tho is built around Scenario 3 set out in the The Socio Economic Development Plan for Can Tho City to 2020. This is also the Scenario that the Scoico Economic Development Plan considers to be the most viable. Under this Scenario it is predicted that the City’s economic growth rate, measured by GDP, will accelerate from an average annual increase of 16% in the five years from 2006, to 17.1% in the period 2011-15 and 18% in from 2016-20 providing an overall average yearly growth rate of 17% up to 2020. This high level of economic growth would be reflected in a 1 Summarised from SEDP of proposed role for Can Tho in development of Mekong Delta Region 2006-2010 7 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance substantial increase in income per head from 7.5m Dong in 2005 (or US$681) to 50.7m Dong by 2020 (US$4,611). The foundations for growth will be development of industrial production and of the service sector. It is anticipated that industrial GDP will grow at an average of 20% per year between 2006-10, 20.6% from 2011-15 then slowly slightly to 19.3% from 2016-20. The growth of the industry sector in particular will produce a significant restructuring of the City’s economic base. Agriculture will decline in importance with the contribution to City GDP falling from an estimated 17.4 % in 2005 to 3.7% in 2020. Industry will generate an increasing proportion of the City’s GDP rising from from 38.1% in 2005, to over half, 53.8%, by 2020. The contribution to GDP from services would remain fairly stable over the 15 year period at just over 40%. Population is projected to grow at a moderate rate but inward migration is anticipated to urban areas and industrial zones increasing the City’s total population to 1, 783, 681 in 2020. The Scenario provides for a significant investment in social infrastructure, particularly 8 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance education and health. To address shortages of human resources, it is projected that there will be an almost fourfold increase in the proportion of the population involved in vocational education between 2005 and 2020 (from 0.5% of the population to 1.9%); and a fivefold increase in the proportion of post graduates in the population (from 0.1% to 0.5%). The expansion of health provision is intended to increase the number of doctors in the city thus reducing the ratio of population to each doctor. In 2005 there were 1,615 people for each doctor in the city and this should be halved by 2020 to 836. It is also intended to increase the number of hospital beds in the city, producing a significant decline in the number of people to each hospital bed (from 583 to 424 over the same 15 year period). These improvements in health and education provision along with the high levels of projected economic growth would contribute an improvement in the Human development Index for the City from 0.74 in 2005 to 0.90 in 2020. 4. A VISION FOR THE CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR CAN THO During the consultation meetings conducted with City Leaders and other stakeholders in preparing the CDS, a number of key elements were identified to contribute to the Vision Statement for the future of the City (now finalised in Section 1 of this report). These constitute the basic components for the development strategy of the City. • Can Tho City will be the development centre for the Mekong Delta Region, as well as being a focus for growth in the south of Vietnam. • Its development will reflect and build on the fact that it is a riverside and waterway city • The city will be a centre for hi-technology industry, trading, services and tourism. • It will also be a centre for science and research linked to its healthcare and education systems. • It will be a communications centre for the region. • Can Tho will be a city with high living and environmental standards. 5. THE STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES OF CAN THO CITY AND THE OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS IN ITS DEVELOPMENT The SWOT (Strengths-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats) assessments of the City undertaken as part of the review of the existing plans and that of the region summarise the potential for development of the City but also pinpoint the strategic challenges to be met by the CDS. • Strengths: the great strength of the city for its future social and economic development is that it sits at a focal point on the Mekong Delta for the South East region of Vietnam and other adjoining regions, and with its international connections into Cambodia, Thailand and beyond. There is land available for the city to expand and develop but with a natural landscape that provides the balance for a sustainable future. The urban infrastructure is in the process of being improved and upgraded particularly in transportation. The local and regional economies have been growing rapidly. There is a good potential supply of labour. The development of human resources is supported by a national level University. The public finances of the City are secure with revenue increasing and generally exceeding expenditure delivery surpluses while the expenditure on development expenditure is strong. There is an emerging Bank sector. For the City itself, administrative procedures have been simplified and decentralization have been achieved at district and ward levels with one-stop shops in operation. • Weaknesses: at present, however, the per capita income of Can Tho is relatively low for 9 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance Vietnam, reflecting an economy still structured around agriculture with only limited development of high value added industries or products. The improvements in urban infrastructure has been concentrated in a limited number of central areas in the city The infrastructure developments in transport are not yet integrated into a viable transportation system. Parts of the city are still prone to flooding, particularly in Vinh Thanh and Co Do districts. There are still several areas of informal housing and the pace of upgrading has been limited by delays in compensation payments. The levels of poverty are relatively high for the region, as is unemployment. There is a significant income gap between the richest and poorest inhabitants of the city and between the central urban areas, peri-urban areas and agricultural areas. While the overall supply of labour may be plentiful, it does not possess the skills or qualifications required for the current and future labor markets. The levels of investment are still relatively low both from the public sector, where the bulk of revenues collected locally remain at the national level, and private sectors, with limited FDI. There are still administrative and institutional barriers in the City’s governance to reform and development with an overall lack of coordination between agencies. The City administration is not yet supported by adequate information technology. • Opportunities: the city’s location, emerging transport infrastructure and natural resources provide it with the opportunity to develop as a regional industrial and commercial centre. The agricultural sector can move into high-technology areas of production and there is the potential to exploit the natural advantages of the city through eco-tourism. There are important opportunities to build upon the research expertise of the University and health sectors to contribute to making the City a centre for research and technology. The development of the international port and airport, and the completion of the Can Tho bridge can provide the focus for an integrated transportation linking the City into national and international networks and markets. The developing financial sector should be able to support a mobilization of capital for investment. • Threats: without a concentrated and prioritized investment plan, Can Tho will not be as attractive an investment site as HCMC or other parts of the south eastern provinces. At present, the demand for investment capital is high and the number of potential projects extensive, but capital sources have not been identified and projects are not prioritized. As an investment site and a focus for industry and services the city faces competition from HCMC. Without attention, the already existing gaps in the pace of development and provision of infrastructure between urban and rural areas could become even more apparent. Similarly urban economic development may be in conflict with the protection of Can Tho’s environment, particularly of its waterways. The structural shift in the economy from agriculture to industry and services will displace the agricultural workforce and the communities which are still dependent on agriculture. If the drive for a strong development of high technology sectors and industries is not sustained unemployment will therefore increase with a detrimental impact on poverty. The current low levels of skill and qualification in much of the workforce will exacerbate these threats if the city is not able to develop an adequate vocational training and tertiary education systems. Depending on the detailed terms of accession to the WTO in respect of specific tarrifs, and agreements some of the agricultural products on which the region depends may be affected by competition and or less beneficial support into international markets. The population projections , including inward migration to urban areas, will increase demand for affordable housing and place additional requirements on the urban infrastructure. The high levels of projected development require administrative and governance support which will depend upon adequate human resource capacity in the City Government with appropriate technology and technical capacity to manage complex information. 6. KEY OBJECTIVES FOR THE CDS FOR CAN THO CITY 10 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance To meet the objectives of the region and deliver the city’s vision for its future, the strategy must build on the city’s comparative advantages, its strengths, but address directly the current weaknesses potential threats to the successful achievement of its objectives. The key strategic objective for the city’s economic development is to use the transportational links which provide it with a comparative advantage to build it into a regional industrial, commercial and financial centre. In the short term, to 2010, the city’s strategy is to develop an industrial base build around raw material and other processing. The focus will be on establishing and developing industrial clusters and zones including processing zones as well as developing industrial potential in rural and agricultural areas. However, this will not in itself provide the basis for a longer term and sustainable economic take-off. There are several elements to the longer term strategy linked to developing various parts of the “service� sector and to achieving a transformation of the agricultural sector. Developing a tourism industry based around the access to the Mekong will be one dimension. In industry and services there is need to develop specific high technology or value added sectors on which the City can concentrate its development. These should be linked to the development of information technologies and communications for the city, and to the concentration of education and research facilities. For agriculture, the strategy is to develop the productivity in the sector particularly through the application of new technologies and management techniques. The current agricultural dependence of the city and the region, mean that transformation of the agricultural sector will be fundamental to the overall development of Can Tho and the re- focusing of the agrarian labour force is a significant component of developing the labour market and avoiding negative impacts of industrial restructuring in the medium to long term. It is key strategic objective that the city should take a central role in training skilled labour for the Mekong Region, and to effectively solve the potential problems which will be generated by having surplus (unemployed) labour in agriculture. This involves both the supporting of the transition of agriculture into higher value added higher technology production and the vocational training/retraining of the agricultural labour force. Further development of the transport infrastructure and exploiting the full potential from the projects already underway and due for completion between 2006-2008 (particularly the port, and bridge) are essential for achieving the projected levels of economic growth. However there is a need to maintain and improve the natural environment particularly in relation sustaining the integrity of the water system, ensuring access to water and improving water quality. Development of a high quality health care system is strategically important for improving the quality of and access to services but also to enable the city to play a regional role in improving health care, life expectancy and the overall quality of life. Increasing the income and living standards of poor households is a basic objective of the Socio Economic Development Plans for the Region and the City and for the CDS. One dimension of this improvement will be through access to employment opportunities and the growing labour market which requires advances in the skill levels in the labour force, enhancing the potential for future employment. Overall however, and in the longer term, the strategic objective must be to facilitate the transition from a predominantly rural labour force to an urban/industrial labour force. There is a danger that the labour market development which flows from industrial development in the existing and planned industrial parks will have little impact on the agricultural districts to the north and west of the city. Reducing the gap which already exists between urban and rural areas and is in danger of increasing, should be a major strategic objective. Support mechanisms will also be required to enable poor households to develop 11 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance their own employment possibilities in small businesses in service industries. While developing industry and labour markets can deliver improved living conditions to those engaged in the labour markets or with the potential to be so, it is also of strategic importance that households have access to adequate primary services, notably housing, water and power. Building up the financial sector of the city to support its industrial development improving the overall financial climate will be fundamental to the attraction of private finance particularly FDI. Measures are required to achieve the strategic objective of improving the overall climate for investment, supporting the development of a financial sector and providing the basis for mobilizing private capital. In the situation in which the financial fundamentals of the city look reasonably sound the key strategic objectives are to employ the state budget to support the development of the social infrastructure on which key elements of the strategy are based (notably in education and health) and to more effectively efficiently to lever other financial resources into the region. The city itself requires an adequate delegation of responsibility and resources potentially available to it and must develop the capacities to ensure that is it able to make full use of this financial potential. As the capacity and technical expertise in financial management of the city develops, consideration should be given to using some additional initiatives to raise private finance for specific projects. Developing coordination mechanisms for thinking and acting regionally is one of the objectives for the city’s governance. At present, while the development objectives are regional in scope and focus, there are few established mechanisms to enable regional cooperation in development. The overall objective is to manage Can Tho’s urban governance in a manner appropriate to its current city classification with effective and “modern� management systems which can raise it to a higher classification. The will entail improvements in administrative procedures and capacity and creating an investment environment which is perceived to be without institutional corruption. It will also require the development of administrative management systems supported by information technology which are capable of providing the basis for e- government in the longer term. 12 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CHAPTER III KEY THEMES WITH STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES 13 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance THEME 1 - ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT 1. EXISTING SITUATION Although its geographic location is rather advantage, the transportation system is still limited. So the attractiveness of other labor force source hasn’t been remained high yet. Can Tho economy has been developed with a fairly quick speed but not strong enough to create a powerful motivation for the whole Cuu Long River Delta region. 1.1. GDP growth In the period from 1995 to 2000, the city’s average economic growth was about 6.7% per year. In the period from 2001 to 2005, the city’s economy developed with a relatively rapid and steady speed at 13.5% per year (the entire Cuu Long River Delta region was 10.5%) Table 1: GDP of Can Tho city by years GDP (Billion VND at constant 1994 prices) Average growth in the period (%) 1995 2000 2005 1995-2000 1995-2000 3281,98 4,543,44 8,552,99 6.7 13.5 Source: Master Plan of Socio-economic Development for Can Tho city toward 2020. Can Tho registered population occupied 6.6% of the whole region. The city’s GDP rate increased from 8.2% in 2000 to 9.4% in 2005 as compared to the whole region’s GDP. This indicates the important role of the city in the economy of the whole region.2 1.2. GDP per capita The GDP per capita at constant 1994 prices increased from 3,2 million VND ($291) in 1995 to 4,2 million VND ($383) in 2000 equivalent to 1.24 times of the average number of the whole region) and 7.5 million VND ($681) in 2005 - equivalent to 1.42 times of the whole region). It means 5.6% is the increasing number in the period of 1996-2000 and 12.2% is of that as in 2001-2005, especially the year of 2005 is 14.3%. Table 2: Can Tho’s GDP per capita Average Average increase increase Categories 1995 2000 2005 1996- 2001- 2000 2005 - GDP per capita (1000 VND –at 3,198 4,209 7,492 5.6% 12.2% constant 1994 prices) - GDP per capita (USD - at constant 291 383 681 1994 prices) - GDP per agricultural laborer (1000 1,883 1,634 2,197 - 2.8% 6.1% VND –at constant 1994 prices) GDP/non agricultural laborer (1000 VND 5,895 9,021 17,112 8.9% 13.7% –at constant 1994 prices) Source: Master Plan of Socio-economic Development for Can Tho city toward 2020. 2 Statistic Yearbook for Can Tho city in 2005 and Socio-economic data of Mekong River Delta region in 2005. Can Tho city Bureau of Statistics. 14 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 1.3. Economic structure transition by GDP The city’s economic structure transited from Agriculture – Service – Industry to Service – Industry – Agriculture with the agriculture sector’s proportion decreased from 42.55% in 1995 to 17.39% in 2005. Table 3: Can Tho GDP structure by sector (%) Sectors 1995 2000 2005 Can Tho Cuu Can Tho Cuu Can Tho Cuu city Long city Long city Long River River River Delta Delta Delta Agriculture, forestry. 42.55 22.41 52.79 17.39 46.58 Industry, construction 18.89 31.13 17.99 38.10 22.33 Service 38.56 46.46 29.23 44.51 31.10 Source: Master Plan of Socio-economic Development for Can Tho city toward 2020. 1.4. Economic structure by economic sectors Economic structure transition by economic sector from 2000 to now was changed as compared to the previous years. The proportion of private sector gradually reduced in the period of 1995-2000 but it increased from 54% in 2000 to 62% in 2005. The proportion of foreign investment increased however it only occupied a very small number of 4%. Table 4: Can Tho GDP structure by economic sectors (%) Sectors 1995 2000 2005 State economic sector 10.42 15.93 15.00 State and provincial sector 19.68 26.14 19.00 Private sector 68.47 54.03 62.00 Foreign investment sector 1.43 3.90 4.00 Source: Master Plan of Socio-economic Development for Can Tho city toward 2020. 1.5. The existing situation of industry – construction3 • In the period of 2000 - 2005, Industrial production has increased with high and stable speed. The industrial production value averagely increased 19.4% per year of which the state sector increased by 4.2%, the private sector was 45.5% per year; the foreign investment sector was 4.7% per year. • In the period of 2000 - 2005, the average increase of the Industry GDP was by 17.9% per year, most of processed products were imported. • Size, capacity production, technology level, product quality altogether increased. • Although the growth rate was high. In general the effectiveness was still low. The added value rate on the production value decreased to 30.9% in 2005 from 33% in 2000. Many small size enterprises that possessed backward technology make their competitive possibility very limited. Most of the enterprises haven’t developed yet their trade mark. The industrial promotion programs were not strong enough, the investment policies haven’t appealed to investors. The labor force level hasn’t met the requirements. The international integration conditions of enterprises weren’t good. 3 Executive report on socio-economic situation of Can Tho city in the period of 2000-2005. Document for the Communist Party Congress of the city. 15 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 1 - STRATEGY FOR DEVELOPMENT AT REGIONAL SCALE SOUTH EAST REGION AND SOUTH KEY ECONOMIC REGION To PhnomPenh To Cambodia coastal area LEGEND To PhnomPenh Strategy for urban upgrading Special urban Tra Noc airport Urban class I (Can Tho city) Urban class II Cai Cui port Urban class III Urban class IV Strategy for development of regions Southern key economic region South Eastern region Mekong river delta region Can Tho Can Tho: Regional capital and transport node International main transport axis National main transport axis National upgrading airport MEKONG RIVER DELTA REGION Port of Mekong river delta region Relevant axis and transport nodes Axis Port cluster in the South Eastern region International airport Other ports Other airports Rivers, sea 16 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance • Some of the industries will strongly developed such as: Aquatic processing, rice grinding and production, fruit, vegetable, agriculture products, beverage, textile, leather, ship building, wood processing, medicine, chemistry... • There are four industrial zones (Tra Noc I, II; Hung Phu I, II) with the total area of 876ha of which the agriculture land occupied 540ha. The infrastructure facilities were invested around 250 billion VND in the end of 2005 as follows: The infrastructure of Tra Noc I industrial zone was completely invested with the rented land of 180ha; Land of Tra Noc II was rented about 90%; Land of Hung Phu I and II were rented about 30%. From 2001 to 2005, the industrial zones attracted 86 projects with the total registered capital of $268.92 million; the number of invested capital was $78.18 million. 11,000 laborers were found jobs and the total number of implemented projects increased to 128 with the total registered capital reaching to $388,65 million, the implemented capital was $168,18 million taking up 43.3% of the registered capital, Jobs were created for 17,712 laborers (3,500 of those were seasonal workers) • The industrial centers – even though these industrial centers just have developed at the districts and towns, over 40 small and medium size enterprises registered for land hire particularly Thot Not industry and small industry handicraft center were all rented by enterprises in the 1st and 2nd part with the total area of 35,74 ha and the 3rd part is being conducted with the total area of 49,3 ha. • The construction branch quickly develops in parallel with urbanization process, the average increase of production value was 18.5% per year, GDP’s average increase was by 17.9% per year, the ratio of construction sector’s GDP to the city’s GDP increased from 4.7% in 2000 to 5.85% in 2005. The quality of constructed buildings was very progressive. Some of the big-size buildings which required very high quality standard have occurred in the city. 1.6. The existing situation of tourism and service sector The average increasing GDP of tourism and service sector is 13.74% per year. In general, the commercial and service activities are being developed actively and tend to diversify types. The great value service sector is invested and its quality and effect is in much concern. a) Tourism: + In the 5 years from 2001 – 2005, Can Tho will receive 1,78 million of passengers, of which the international guests occupy 24.1%. The average increasing of guests is 16.44% per year. Revenue from tourism increase 23.6% per year. + The investment projects on tourist development especially eco-tourist has been implemented. The infrastructure facilities of tourism are noticeably improved. b) Commercial and service sector: + Volume of transported goods were doubled in 2001 (7,010 billion VND), in 2005 (14,300 billion VND), average increase was 17.42% per year; + Export turn-over increased by 19% per year in the period of 2001-2005, it reached $388 million in 2005 (equal 1.26% as compared with the nation wide): + Yearly exhibition fairs often attract a great number of enterprises and customers to attend + Business methods are more and more diversified not only in the city but also in the suburb. c) Other service sectors: + Goods and guest transport increased from 6 to 9.7% per year. + Post and telecommunication service has quickly developed and diversified. The 17 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance telecommunication network was basically modernized. The telephone box rate increased from 4.95 units per 100 people in 2000 to 15.8 units per 1,000 people in 2005. The average increase of internet subscription was 64% per year, there were 9,865 internet subscribers in 2005. + Other service sectors such as: finance, banking, insurance, audit, legal consultation, technique science and technology, health, culture, education – training, sport have quickly developed and contributed to the socio-economic growth. 1.7. Development situation in the agricultural sector + Agriculture and fisheries have become stable towards centralized production. Some large production areas have been established such as: areas for high quality rice, short-term industrial plants, fruit trees and aquaculture. Biological technology and advanced cultivation methods have been widely applied. Many new varieties have been used leading to lower cost, higher productivity and quality. + Although agricultural area has been reduced due to urbanization, the whole sector’s production value still increases by 7.68%/year, agriculture increases by 4%/year, forestry: 4.11% and fisheries: 28.92%/year on average. + The production value structure of each sector has positive changes. Compared to 2000, the proportion of production value decreases by 12.7% and 0.34% in agriculture and in forestry respectively, but in fisheries it increases by 13.04%. + The production value per 1 hectare of agricultural land in 2005 was 1.9 times higher than that of 2000 (from 19.36 million VND/ha to 36.95 million VND/ha). More than 10,000 farmer households reached the production value of over 50 million VND/ha, especially in some specialized aquaculture models it reached over 100 million VND/ha bringing profits of 55-57% of the total production value. Rice productivity increased by 1.2 million tons/year including 80% of high quality rice. The productivity of corn, soybean and sesame increased very fast (from under 1,000 tons in 2000 to 5,000-6,000 tons in 2005 for each category). The productivity of fruits reached 110,000-120,000 tons/year. Despite epidemic diseases, the total production value of the livestock sector didn’t go down because other domestic animals were raised instead. Fisheries developed fast in different forms. Aquaculture production area increased from 7,100 ha/year in 2000 to 11,500 ha/year in 2005 – an average increase of 10.1%/year; aquaculture productivity also increased by 34.87%/year on average from 15,687 tons/year in 2000 to 70,000 tons/year in 2005. + In general, agriculture in cities has been changed towards urban agriculture attaching production to the development of processing industry and service sectors. Rural economy has been improved, the proportion of industry and services has increased, the percentage of pure farm households has decreased, the infrastructure has been invested in and developed, people’s life has been improved, especially in flood areas. + Due to poor infrastructure, production is still on a small scale, the relationship between related parties ranging from suppliers to consumers is still weak leading to low productivity and unstable income of farmers and difficulties in life. 18 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 2. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVE 2.1. Strategic objective 1) Focus on investing in infrastructure development, exploit advantages of its geographical position and tradition, promote central role of Cuu Long River Delta region to quickly develop a multi sector economy. 2) Reasonably exploit the inter-regional transportation networks, build Can Tho to be come the industrial center of Cuu Long River Delta region. 3) Build Can Tho to be come a center of service, trade, finance and transition points in the Cuu Long River Delta, expand upon advantages of geographical position and tourist service. 4) Construct Can Tho to be come center of hi tech agricultural service, biological technology and seed creating center 2.2. Detailed targets Socio – economic development plan for Can Tho city until 2020 has identified the general objectives of city economic development as follows: 1) Human Development Index (HDI) will increase from 0.74% to 0.8 – 0.81 in 2010; from 0.85 to 0.86 in 2015 and from 0.89 to 0.91 in 2020. 2) Quickly develop the economy with its average growth speed about 16-16.5% per year in the period of 2006-2010; 16.5-18% per year in the period of 2011-2015 and 17.5-19% per year in the period of 2016-2020. 3) Increase the GDP of the middle – income level per capita from $1,200 to $1,350 in 2010 ($950 per capita per year is that of the whole region), from $4,400 to $5,250 in 2020; 4) The economic structure will be developed by models such as: Industry – commerce, service – hi-tech agriculture- industry after 2010 in detail : Table 5: GDP structure (as constant of 1994 prices) Existing situation Objective to 2010 Objective to 2020 + Agriculture, 17.39 10.20% - 10.65% 3.20% - 3.98% forestry, aquaculture + Industry, 38.10 44.33% - 48.48% 50.05% - 58.20% construction + Service and Trade 44.51 41.32% - 45.03% 38.60% - 45.97% 3. DRIVERS FOR DEVELOPMENT AND KEY ASSUMPTIONS 3.1. Industry 3.1.1. The key objectives of industry sector Industrial development program for Can Tho city toward 2010 and vision toward 2020 have identified industrial development objectives of the city toward 2020 as following: • Objective 1: Maintain the growth speed at 20% per year • Objective 2: Improvement of competitive capacity of industry sector • Objective 3: Form and develop areas, concentrated industrial zones including processing zones and hi-tech parks. • Objective 4: Encourage all the economic sectors investing in production 19 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance development with alternative sizes and levels. • Objective 5: Strongly develop rural industry 3.1.2.The key industrial sectors4: Key industries of Can Tho city are identified including: food processing and beverages, energy, mechanics, manufacturing, chemical and biochemical products, electrical and electronic products, informatics and biological products, new materials. a) Rice grinding: The current rice grinding value is 2.5 million tons per year. The period of 2006-2010 is estimated that the stable value reach from 1.8 to 1.9 million tons per year. To exploit the advantages of a granary center, the rice grinding branch needs to be invested by progressive and well - matched equipments, the quality and value of export rice must be ensured stably. b) Aquatic processing sector: - Objective: Aquatic products must have high quality, stability, competitive prices and their prestige day by day are recognized on the world market; Besides the export frozen aquatic products, the alternative processing models should be developed, freshwater fishes also be focused on exporting and consuming in the domestic market. - Material resources planning: + Aquatic farming area until 2010: 12,620 ha (increase by 3.3% per year); until 2020: 15,640 ha (increase by 1% per year); + Aquatic farming value by 2010: 95,731 tons (increase by 11.4% per year); by 2020: 240,749 tons (increase 8% per year); + Aquaculture value for catch until 2010: 3,931 tons (decrease by 4.7% per year); until 2020: 1,338 tons (decrease by 9,7% per year) - The aquaculture processing sector plans: by 2010: 71,565 tons; by 2020: 140,470 tons. c) Fruit and vegetable processing and wine, beer & beverage: Objective: the processed products can compete with imported ones on the domestic market. Products export tendency should be significantly developed. In addition, the traditional products, fresh fruits and vegetable are in the need of investing in exporting. - Focus on investing in equipments to diversify, upgrade product quality. From now on to 2010, small and medium size production models tend to domestic market, linkages among supermarkets, shops, market will support the domestic products consumption, the trademark building and new market opportunities and the connection among provinces will create specialized material region. The development of production process will form a stable market, traditional trade villages, industrial –agricultural farms, trade and service systems with their trademarks and outstanding products will also be developed ..., and the small enterprises step by step become the satellite units that specialize in supplying preliminary processed materials to the big factories. - Build up the whole sale markets: specialize in collection of material, preliminary treatment, packaging, preservation, advertisement and product introduction, commercial contract signing opportunities, processed products and alternative supporting industries. Estimated values o Preliminary processed, preservation and consumption value: Until 2010 increase by 10,000 tons; Until 2015: 15,000 tons; Until 2020: 20,000 tons; 4 Master Plan of industrial development for Can Tho city toward 2015 and orienations toward 2020 20 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance o Processed products: By 2010: increase by 5,500 tons; by 2015: 9,500 tons; by 2020: 14,000 tons; Jobs creation: By 2010: increase by 1,600 people; by 2015: 2,000 people; by o 2020: 2,800 people;. d). Meat industry Can Tho has the fruitful meat resources to develop the meat industry. To satisfy the demands of food products, the standard slaughter centers need to be more and more developed. Build the modern slaughter centers of cattle and poultry with their value about 10,000 tons per year for cattle and 2,000 tons per year for poultry. Construction of canned food factory with its value of 20,000 tons per year e). Cattle food processing industry Aquatic farming values, the number of cattle and poultry herd is planed to increase in the coming years. So the requirements of cattle food strongly increase, this industry is in the need of investment. - Build aquatic food factory for shrimp and fish farming (the estimated capacity is from 10,000 to 25,000 tons per year); food for cattle and poultry is proposed from 30,000 – 60,000 tons per year. f) Wood processing for export - Song Hau join stock of forest product processing company is to be an outstanding unit to further attract other enterprises to invest in wood processing for export. - Collaborate with Ho Chi Minh Processed Wood for Arts and crafts Association to build another wood processing company; - The estimated export turn-over of the Wood processing companies will increase from $5 to $10 million by 2010, $15-$18 million by 2015 and $28-$30 million by 2020. h) Other processing sectors: - To take full advantages of wasted material resources in the industries and domestic services, it is necessary to develop a small-medium size plant recycling them. - Build up of factories which specialize in recycling wastes of refined sugar, plastic, paper and other domestic services into alcohol and botanic fertilizer. i). Chemistry industry: - Period from now on to 2010: Develop chemical industry to meet the requirements of Can Tho city and the entire region of Cuu Long River Delta, especially in agricultural sector such as fertilizer and insecticide. The major products: animal medicine, mixed fertilizer, variety of paints, hi-tech plastic, healthy medicine, petrochemical products, gas products (Group of factories of gas – power- fertilizer), cosmetics for households. j) Mechanic industry From now to 2010: oFocus on amending all kinds of machines and equipments and producing accessories; Improve quality, features, effectiveness, and competitiveness of machines which can manufacture so as to reduce prices; o Enhance the cooperation with Institutes, Universities to study and to manufacture new products and to train the labor force; o Support and assist enterprises in building, diffusing trade marks and entering into the domestic and international markets. o The key products: Amendment, maintenance, installation, manufacture of machines for agriculture, industry, construction and other sectors is in a strong position. The period of 2011-2015 21 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance o Maintain and develop the advantageous products in the previous periods; o Establish enterprises specialize in some sectors. o Export products consist of: accessories, machines for agriculture, household equipments, ship building... The period of 2016-2020 o Concentrate on renovating equipments, reducing prices and increasing competitiveness; o Besides machines used in agriculture such as: food processing, agricultural products, it is essential to develop machinery manufacturing for consumer use, transport, construction, trade and ship building for export. 3.1.3. Industry development in the rural area5 Form industrial promotion and industrial development consultancy center in Can Tho city. This center will be structured with: • Guide and support organizations and individuals to set up industry development project; search for land availability; recruit and train labor force; mobilize capita sources; ask for prioritized investment amounts and other administrative procedures. • Guide and support industrial manufacturing-craft industry enterprises to improve management capacity, reconstruct the enterprise size, rationalize the production processes and reduce prices. • Guide and offer professional advices for enterprises to invest in machineries, expansion of their production size, renovation and application in high technology and science, enhancement of production capacity, product quality management and environmental protection. • Set up vocational training courses and develop professions in the industrial manufacturing-craft industry sector; • Assist and support all kinds of activities such as: information providing, marketing, market searching, business partners, exhibition organization, fair and product introduction; • Organize various kinds of activities to share experiences e.g. visiting tours, market surveying and help enterprises to join in the different associations. • Set up demo programs, transfer technology and offer consultancy service in the field of science and technology in order to assist organizations and individuals to invest in production machineries. 3.1.4. Plans for industrial zones and clusters. The total area used for industry and craft industry is 1,101ha. + Hung Phu I and Hung Phu II Industrial Parks (IPs): attract investments covering 100% of leased land area; + Expansion of five concentrated IPs with the total area of 1.200 ha ( 230 ha Thot Not IP; 550ha O Mon IP; 170ha O Mon electricity IP; 140ha Tra Noc III IP; 110ha Hung Phu III IP) and 500ha hi-tech IP. + Development of industrial centres (ICs) and industrial clusters- ICs in O Mon (30ha), Cai Rang (40ha), Binh Thuy (66ha), Vinh Thanh (20ha), Co Do (20ha), Phong Dien (20ha). + The total area of Ics and industrial clusters to the year 2010 will reach 3,000ha. 5 Master Plan of industrial development for Can Tho city toward 2015 and orienations toward 2020 22 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Period of 2011 – 2015: + An additional 4 IPs are planned with the area of 2,900 ha (500 ha O Mon IP; 400 ha Thot Not IP; 500 ha Hung Phu IP; 1.500 ha Song Hau – Co Do Farm IP), and an expansion of 500 ha to the hi-tech park. + Tra Noc II IP is expanded with an additional area of 150 ha. + Further development of ICs and industrial clusters – ICs in O Mon (25ha), Cai Rang (25ha), Binh Thuy (30ha), Vinh Thanh (20ha), Co Do (20ha). + The total area of ICs and industrial clusters to the year 2015 will reach 6,600ha. - Period of 2016 – 2020: + Further 2,500 – 3,500 ha expansion of Song Hau – Co Do Farm IP; an expansion of 500 ha to the hi-tech park; + ICs (50 ha) will be added in O Mon, Cai Rang, Binh Thuy, Vinh Thanh + Total area of IPs and industrial clusters to the year 2020 will reach 10,000ha. Hi-technology development • Flexible and special policies should be disseminated to attract the investors • Ensure development size in conformity with development enlargement by periodically. • Production enlargement must be followed by real demands and economic effect • Selected locations must be convenient for goods transportation (near river port, sea port and airport…) 23 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 2 - DEVELOPMENT AXIS AND POLES Connecting to the North West part of Mekong river delta region Connecting to the North East part of Mekong river delta region Connecting with HCM city Connecting to the West and South parts of Mekong river delta region Connecting to the East and South parts of Mekong river delta region, oriented to Bien Dong (South China sea) Centers LEGEND Regional center - main central city: politics, service, science and technology Center providing services for rural area Main development axis and direction Transportation node – infrastructure Rural and agricultural area Level 1: city arterial axis, connecting with other regions in the country New urban area, functional center: port – industry Geographical boundary of Can New urban area, functional center: technological urban Tho city Level 2: connecting axis level 1 with the center of the region Geographical boundary of New urban area, functional center: service-industry urban other provinces Level 3: connecting sub centers of the region New urban area, functional center: ecological - tourism urban Main rivers, canals 24 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 3.2. Tourist and Service Sector 3.2.1. Tourism development - Objective: + Quickly develop tourism to be a center of tourism as well as center of tourist distribution for sub-region in the South and West of Viet Nam and a gate of tourist city in the basin area of Mekong River Delta. + Create Can Tho to be an ideal destination of safety – friendly in the Cuu Long River Delta where the civilization of Mekong River is focused. Table 6 - Estimated options of tourism development: Forecast of 2010 Forecast of 2020 Existing Socio- Socio- Tourism Tourism No Target status in economic economic development development 20056 development development plan plan master plan master plan 1 Total number of 461,500 907,000 2,020,000 3,956,000 4,800,000 tourist (by visit) 2 Number of 1.2 2.2 2.2 2.5 average stay day 3 GDP tourism 386 793 686 8,511 3,890 (billion VND) 4 Average increase 29.0 24.6 rate in the period % per year 5 Laborer (person) 20,668 23,817 7,750 63,500 38,600 6 Number of room 3,512 (7) 4,840 9,100 21,430 in the hotel -International 3,640 standard room 7 Demands of 1,663 9,622 investment capital - Solutions to implementation: + Output: commercial tourism consists of (business, trade, fair, workshop tours), study tours, cultural and festival visiting tours, convalescent tours, sport, recreation, shopping, eco-tourist, weekend. Focus on the travel tourism so as to attract more tourist in variety of types e.g. eco-tourist, cultural visiting tours in the city and surrounding provinces. + Objective Market: ASEAN, particularly Thailand and Cambodia; West Europe; East Asia – Pacific, North American and domestic market. + Tourist service infrastructure facilities o The city center: upgrading and build three-star hotels and over, restaurants can serve up to 500 guests. o The suburb areas: build restaurants and two-star hotels and over, diversify the eating and drinking types, visiting, shopping, recreation tended to garden tourist. 6 Master plan for socio-economic development toward 2020 7 Statistics Yearbook of the city in 2005. 25 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 6 - TOURISM DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY To An Giang, Cambodia To Mekong river delta region CAI SAM (RACH SOI) CANAL ROUTE THOT NOT RIVER ROUTE To Ho Chi Minh city To Kien Giang O MON RIVER ROUTE Co Do farm Hau river farm Mekong river delta Rice institute Tra Noc port Hoang Dieu port O MON – CO DO TOURISM CLUSTER To Ho Chi Minh city Tra Noc international airport Proposed 1A national road LEGEND To Kien Giang TOURISM CLUSTER IN THE CITY CENTER Tourist attraction points Cultural-historical heritage sites To Kien Giang Cai Cui port Handicraft villages Floating market To South China sea Tay Do night market To Soc Trang Fruit garden tourism To Kien Giang River landscape To Hau Giang Park To Hau Giang, the East and the Bird garden South of Mekong river delta region Water rice cultural tourism attraction point Tourism clusters and routes Main transportation system Center of politics, service, commerce, tourism, high- Existing bus stop Geographical boundary of standard hotels, science and technology Proposed highway Can Tho city Proposed rail way (after 2020) Resort, sight seeing, cultural heritages Existing national road Geographical boundary of Existing airport upgraded to become international airport other provinces Ecological tourism, handicraft village, resort Proposed national road Existing local port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 2000- Rivers, canals River landscape tourism cluster Other existing outer roads 3000 tons Other proposed outer roads Existing regional port to be upgraded to receive vessels of Water rice cultural tourism 10000 tons Existing urban arterial street or national road converted into urban arterial streets Waterway route connecting to Bien Dong (South China sea) Waterway routes with potential for tourism Proposed urban arterial street Existing ferry route and station 26 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance + Human resource training o Build up of Can Tho tourist School o Cooperate with other training centers to open mid career courses and concentrated training classes. o Cooperation and experience exchange + Tourist destinations: o Can Tho waterway region o Ninh Kieu landing place o Phong Dien, Cai Rang floating markets o Binh Thuy, Long Tuyen ancient villages o Garden tourist: My Khanh, Thuy Tien, Phong Dien, Xuan Mai… o Bang Lang crane garden o Pagodas: Long Quang, nam Nha, Ong, Munir Ansay o Tay Do night market o Dunes: Khuong, Cai Khe, Au, Tan Loc o Traditional trade villages o Can Tho University o Cuu Long River Delta Institute of rice o Song Hau and Co Do farms + Tourism clusters : o Inner Can Tho city tourism cluster: is the central tourism cluster and focal point to gather, distribute, transit and operate tourism activities for all routes, this is also where major tourism trading activities are taking place. Key tourism products of this cluster are: Business – conference- seminar- exhibition; Week- end recreation; cultural – festival tourism; Sports. o Phong Dien tourism cluster: is an important tourism cluster supplementing to the inner Can Tho tourism cluster, particularly in the immediate period. Major tourism products are visits to floating market, tourism village, canals, Vong Cung Road, handicraft villages and flower villages; Recreational areas… o O Mon – Co Do tourism cluster: exploitation of ecological tourism services for visitors to get to know agricultural production in Mekong river Delta. Major products include: field, garden visits and studies; visits to large-scale argricultural researching and production facilities; o Thot Not tourism cluster: ecological tourism services. Key products include: visits to Bang Lang stork gardens, beauty-spots (Tan Loc isle, handicraft villages, boats with floating fish raft, recreational areas and sport complexes etc. + Tourism routes : o Inner city tourism routes: Vong Cung Road tourism route: visits to tourism villages, old villages, handicraft villages, temples and pagodas… ; Inner city tourism route: conventional centres, exhibition centres, offices and business centres; museums, cultural buildings; recreational centres and parks in the inner city… ; Can Tho – Thot Not tourism route: visits to handicraft villages, Bang Lang stork garden, Tan Loc isle, sport cycling route, picnic areas… ; Can Tho – Co Do tourism route: visits to fields and gardens, Sourthern traditional villages, Mekong river delta Paddy Institute, Hau River farm… ; 27 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance Can Tho – Thot Not – Co Do tourism route: combination of the captioned two routes. o Inter-provincial tourism routes: Ho Chi Minh city – Vinh Long – Can Tho - Ca Mau; Ho Chi Minh city – Can Tho - An Giang – Kien Giang; Dong Thap – Can Tho - Hau Giang – Soc Trang. o National tourism route along National Highway 1A. o Waterway tourism route: Ho Chi Minh city – Soc Trang – Can Tho - An Giang k�o dµi tíi Phnompenh, Siam Riep, Pac Se, Vienchan, Luang Prabang… Ninh Kieu – Con Au – Con Khuong – Con Cai Khe; Can Tho – Tan Loc Isle; Binh Thuy River tourism route. o Airway tourism route: investments to upgrade Tra Noc Airport in order to connect Can Tho and other areas in Mekong River delta with large scale national and international tourism centres. 3.2.2. Commercial service8 a) Objectives + Commerce development contributes to implementing the socio-economic goals. - Urban market development tends to be modern and civilized. The trade network should be expanded in the rural market. - Focus on developing import export activities by exploiting and expanding market with multi directions methods. Investment and production should be encouraged by the export direction. - Encouragement of economic sectors participates in commercial activities. - Strengthen the State management capacity - Quickly develop the city’s commercial sector as the central role of Cuu Long River Delta basing on the following criteria: + On average, the contribution of business sector to GDP increases at 22.5% per annum and 20.5% - 22% per annum in the period of 2006-2010 and 2011-2020 repectively, up to 2,279 billion VND in 2010 and 15,630 billion VND in 2020 from 826 billion in 2005 (comparative price of 1994). + Export value increases from 374 million USD in 2005 to 1.2 billion USD in 2010 and to 9.3 billion USD in 2020. Average annual growth is 26% in the period of 2006-2010; 23.7% in the period of 2011-2015 and 22.1% in the period of 2016-2020. + Retail goods circulation and service revenue growth in the period of 2006-2010 increase at an average rate of 22% per annum; 18% in the period of 2011-2020. b) Solutions for trading and services development - Develop E-commerce with a view to modernizing business activities in Can Tho city. - Set up a program to attract and develop human resources involved in business development in Can Tho city. − Organize local markets for the commercial sector: 8 Commercial development program in the period of 2006 - 2010 and vision toward 2020 of Can Tho city 28 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance + Urban market: is the centre for the consumption and distribution of goods and is the link between the inner region and outer region markets: o Attract investment to form large-scale commercial groups; o Form companies specializing in some types of goods. They will be responsible for distribution and wholesale of goods; o Build a system of focal warehouses and wholesale markets for the distribution of goods; o Form companies with diversified forms of business, commercial centres, retail supermarkets and open-air markets in residential areas. + Rural market has two objectives: Make sure that farmers can buy materials for their production, goods for their domestic consumption with convenience and competitive prices; and consume the agricultural, forest, fishery and sea products created by the rural area. o Form economic, commercial and service centres and clusters in townlet, towns and areas with high density of traffic. They can be the places to buy, preserve, process, sort out or pack agricultural products and provide industrial products on a scale suitable to the locality’s scale of goods transaction. o Form the system of shops and agencies for big commercial groups and companies. They can act as satellite centres for the purchase, retail and wholesale of goods and to encourage the private sector to make investment. o Develop the system of markets on a large scale and at different levels; o Develop the information network to provide information in time and act as the basis to develop the domestic market. Quickly form a large scale and modern commercial information centre to process and provide information to producers. − Form the organizational model of the city’s commercial market space: + Structure: 4 focal localities for commercial development (Ninh Kieu, Binh Thuy, Cai Rang and Thot Not districts) and the rest consists of closely related satellite areas; + The commercial market space in each of these localities consists of: a commercial centre – supermarket – market system. − Build the system of warehouses and petroleum stations: + According to Decision No.93/2003/QD-TTg of the Prime Minister on planning the development of petroleum reservoirs all over the country until 2010, the area of focal reservoirs and intermediary reservoirs in Can Tho and its sub- regions in 2006-2010 will be 119,000m3. The Ministry of Trade has approved the feasibility project to 2010 allowing Ho Chi Minh city’s Petroleum Company to invest in building a petroleum reservoir of 75,000m3 in Tra Noc 2 Industrial Zone and some smaller reservoirs to meet the city’s and its sub-regions’ demands until 2015. + The development orientation of petroleum station system: o Ensure conveniences for customers by setting up enough petroleum stations in areas with high demand. Before granting licenses to areas with high density of petroleum stations, it is necessary to study the specific 29 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance demand in these areas. o In line with the construction plan of different ministries, sectors and localities, ensuring reasonable links with and distances from the urban infrastructure system. o Meet the requirements of fire prevention and extinguishment and environment hygiene. o Prioritize development in remote areas. At least each commune has 1 inter-village, inter-commune, grade III petroleum station and 1-3 small scale stations. o Pay attention to the development of shops serving waterway means of transport. o The main source of capital is from enterprises. − Promote development in coordination with Ho Chi Minh city and other localities all over the country. + Increase mutual relationship between Can Tho and Ho Chi Minh city. The development cooperation program between the two cities has been approved by the two local governments. + Pay attention to and respect the development link with other provinces in Cuu Long River Delta and other regions of the country. c) Exports and imports: − Exports : + Mobilize all sources of investment inside and outside the country to produce goods for export. + Focus on export development of key products in Can Tho city. + Develop foreign currency services and try to achieve 80 million USD of revenue from these services by 2010 – an increase of 23%/year and 418 million USD by 2020 – an increase of nearly 18%/year. + It is necessary to adopt reasonable investment policies to shift the export structure. − Complementary services + Together with upgrading and extending Can Tho port, building Cai Cui port, it is necessary to strongly develop port services such as: delivery of goods, ship transport, ship supply, loading and unloading of goods, transport intermediary and other port services. + Important infrastructure works such as Can Tho airport, Can Tho bridge when completed will contribute to promoting office, financial and credit services, etc. + Invest in job-training centres for labour export. + Encourage the development of such services as postal and telecommunication, transport, insurance, health care, banking, credit and consultancy services in technology, investment and law. − Promoting imports: 30 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance + Can Tho plays the role of a focal point to import goods for production and domestic consumption of the whole Cuu Long River Delta. So import demand here is very high. + Quickly meet the import demand, helping enterprises to cut cost and time, be active in doing business, create employment and income for the city. d) Trade promotion activities: − Develop different forms of trade information; − E-commerce: Carry out the project of e-commerce transactions, open a virtual office and establish online markets for goods; Upgrade the Internet transmission line; Encourage enterprises to spend reasonable expenditure on using the Internet, create a website to promote trade mark, products, online sale of goods with low cost and high efficiency. − Business link: Establish the business relationship between enterprises; Organize market survey groups, look for business partners; Organize thematic workshops to provide information about management, technology, machines and equipment, etc. to enterprises, organize technical training courses; Promote trade, e-commerce technology, exhibitions and international trade fairs; Organize training courses on business and administration skills. 3.2.3. Other services Other services including financing - banking, transportation, science and technology are important services, making contribution to enhanced role of the City as a service centre in Mekong river Delta. - Financing - Banking: o The primary objective of banking sector in Can Tho city is to become the most important financial centre in Mekong River Delta which can provide its support to large enterprises in issueing their bonds, establish stock market in the region, play an important role in international transaction and in argo-fishery transaction in Can Tho city. o The forecasted capital sources at current price will increase from 13,193 billion VND in 2005 to 37,342 billion VND in 2010, 118,733 billion VND in 2015 and 414,379 billion VND in 2020. In view of comparative price of 1994, investment capital in the period of 2006- 2010 increases by 13.9% per annum, 19% per annum in the period of 2011 – 2015 and 20% per annum in the period of 2016 – 2020, of which capital mobilized at central level accounts for roughly 60%; capital mobilization at local level steadily increases from 38.1% GDP in 2005 to 39.8% GDP in 2010, 44.2% GDP in 2015 and 49% GDP in 2020. o Basic solutions: Strengthen capital mobilization from various sources, of which capital source from sector 3 (private sector) is the most important with a view to strengthening credit for business activities of all economic sectors; Speed up technological modernization and banking service development; Create attractive and preferential policies in establishing joint stock commercial banking branches and foreign banks as prerequisites to attract domestic and foreign investments. - Transport services: o With the orientation to develop all types of transport (roadway, airway, waterway), transport sector of Can Tho city is expected to develop at spectacular rate; o Encourage all economic sectors involving in transport services; o Public transport is major investment focus of transport sector within the inner city 31 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance boundary which will connect inter-district and inter-commune routes as well as inter-provincial routes in the region; o Transport productivity increases from 6.5 million tons of goods with 1,118 million tons.km, 79 million passengers with 3,527 million passengers.km in 2005 to 12 million tons of goods with 2,663 million tons.km, 173million passengers with 6,775 million passengers.km in 2010; 72 million tons of goods with 25,740 million tons.km, 552 million passengers with 17,152 million passengers.km in 2020. 3.3. Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries sector 3.3.1. Main objectives - Objective 1: Establish a stable agricultural production sector on a large scale, and at a high level to quickly apply technological advances, to meet the city’s and nation’s demand, to become competitive on the market and to provide high-tech agricultural services to Cuu Long River Delta provinces. - Objective 2: Take advantage of the potentials of different economic sectors, develop and drastically change household economy towards setting up farms and enterprises. - Objective 3: Develop the internal force and take advantage of the external one, continue to further promote agriculture in cities towards industrialization, modernization and closely link rural agriculture development with urban development. 9 3.3.2. Solutions for agriculture development • Objective 1: - Rice production: + Use the rice variety with high quality, productivity and growing time suitable to each season structure in each sub-region. Pay attention to mechanizing the harvest process, widely apply advanced technology, rationalize irrigation, modernize post- harvest technology to increase the value of materials produced in the locality and neighbouring provinces. + Besides commercial rice, high quality rice variety for other provinces of the Cuu Long River Delta should also be developed. - Vegetable production: + Expand the specialized vegetable cultivation in peri-urban areas in Thot Not, Phong Dien and O Mon using high technology to create high quality products and reach the area of 8,350-8,850 ha in 2010 and 12,000-15,000 ha in 2020. + Diversify vegetable products to meet increasing consumer’s needs, especially the ones whose ecological requirements are suitable with the climate conditions, bringing high economic efficiency for producers. + Establish close relationships between producers and distributors, encourage vegetable growers to apply clean vegetable growing process. - Livestock production: 9 Same as 9. 32 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance + Improve the quality of livestock breeds, inspect, check and test the breeds before granting licenses affirming the quality of breeding centres, attach these centres to commercial breed trade mark. + Play the role of a centralized livestock model to meet the development demand and ecological conditions of each region. + Actively apply technical equipment, new technology to livestock production, enhance agriculture extension activities and set up a good model of production. - Aquaculture development: + Diversify fresh water aquaculture models: interchanged with rice and intergrown in canals, specializingly grown in ponds and pools on cultivation land, along rivers and big canals, low land areas and rivers. + Continue to study advanced aquaculture models suitable to ecological conditions and interchanged farming methods in each sub-region. • Objective 2: - Encourage cooperatives and enterprises to invest in building drying yards and drying machines using state budget, self-generated capital and borrowed capital to support people in the region. - Gradually change the method of household and farm livestock production into industrial, semi-industrial and combined farm ones (in 2020, the proportion of household livestock production will be reduced to 27%, the proportion of industrial and semi-industrial livestock production will increase by 30% and combined farm 24%), After 2010, industrial cows with high quality will be tested, then the new model will be multiplied after 2015. - Step by step established concentrated livestock production areas in different districts to apply high technology and increase the product’s competitiveness. • Objective 3: - Promote rural jobs in traditional areas, peri-urban residential areas, industrial zones and clusters. - Strengthen and develop professions with comparative advantage. In the long-term, make all efforts to develop the professions in which Can Tho has comparative advantage in terms of raw materials and market potentials. - Diversify products of different professions, combine harmoniously labour attraction and technological innovation. - There needs to be credit support, training and preferential tax policies for new professions which play an important role in developing socio-economy of the locality and in creating a stable market in the long-run. 3.3.3. Key programs10 Concentrate on two key programs: Food corridor development program and High-tech agriculture development program. Successful implementation of these programs will be an important basis to quickly and strongly develop the city’s agriculture at a high level. 10 Review and supplementary report on rural and agriculture planning for Can Tho city toward 2010 and orientations toward 2020. 33 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance a) Food corridor development program • Objective: Change the plant and animal structure in peri-urban areas to achieve high economic efficiency and meet the demand for increasingly higher food quality of the inner city people as well as meet higher demand for raw materials of processing units. b) High-tech agriculture program • Objectives: - Develop agriculture towards the application of high technology, both in depth and in width. Build and put into operation high-tech industrial zones, high-tech breeding farms to serve as the basis for developing the city’s agriculture and fisheries sector and eco-tourism. - Invest in technical infrastructure and expand coordination in the field of technology research and application (with national and international research centres) in the city’s high-tech agricultural areas and then form the High-tech agriculture centre of Cuu Long River Delta and of the whole nation. • Solutions - Establish high-tech agriculture network and stations in the city + Functions and tasks: to act as a focal point for technology transfer and application, provide breeds with certified quality, technical services and bio-chemical products, select and develop plant and pet animal varieties, organize training courses on fields and transfer technology, introduce and develop the city’s agricultural services to other localities of Cuu Long River Delta. + Establish network: To develop the existing technical infrastructure and human resources, especially public land and high level human resources, it is necessary to make arrangements suitable to the development space, especially to agriculture development orientation and high-tech agricultural products in each region. According to plan, 6 high-tech agriculture zones consisting of 3 high-tech agriculture centres will be built: (1). Center 1: Can Tho’s Agricultural Breed Center (research and apply high technology in producing plant and animal varieties) (2). Center 2: Hau River Farm (research and apply high technology in the field of agricultural production and processing and breed production to supply to the whole region) (3). Center 3: Red Flag Farm (research and apply high technology in the production and distribution of plant and animal breeds) and 3 high-tech zones which are 3 agricultural stations with high technology in 3 districts: (4). High-tech agricultural station – Vinh Thanh district (5). High-tech agricultural station – Thot Not district (6). High-tech agricultural station – Phong Dien district - Form and develop prioritized projects in 2006-2010 period. These are the projects to develop agriculture towards modernization focusing on export and provision of high-tech agricultural services, paying attention to bio-technology development, new breed production and providing high-quality products. There are 11 projects of this type. 4. REQUIREMENTS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT RELATING TO OTHER SECTORS 4.1. Urban infrastructure facilities: Assured that the transportation development orientation and the technical infrastructure is implemented the same as shown in the Socio-economic development Master Plan, 34 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance especially the outer transport buildings such as: Airport, harbor, national road from HCM city to Can Tho, roads in the West East or North West – South East...take fully advantages of water road, dredge banks and bed rivers. 4.2. Human resource – labor force: Table 7 - Requirement forecast of labor force in the field of industry and construction No Categories 2005 2010 2015 2020 1 Land area of industrial clusters and 1.101 3.516 4.631 5.281 zones, hi-tech park (ha) 2 Industrial and handicraft industrial 61.544 101.000 135.000 190.000 laborers including laborers in other places 3 Number of laborers/ha 56 52 45 40 4 The density covering of land at 55 65 90 Industrial and handicraft industrial zones (%) 5 Construction worker 19.418 34.000 45.000 54.000 - Construction worker rate on the 24 25 25 22 total laborers at the Area No II (%) 6 The total laborers of Area No II 80.962 135.000 180.000 244.000 Source: Forecast toward 2020 by Ha Long City Development Strategies Consultant group. In which: - Labour in industrial, handicraft and processing sector is forecasted based on the land area of industrial zones and high tech parks according to industrial development planning and assumptions on number of labor per ha and the coverage level of industrial zones and clusters which are made by the consultant group. - The number of labor working in construction sector is estimated to increase in corresponding to the increase of industrial labor due to the process of development investment and expansion of the city, demanding for more labor in construction sector. In the period 2015 - 2020, the number of labor in construction sector will increase but the percentage of this type of labor will decrease slightly due to the attraction of labor in construction sector from neighboring areas. Table 8 - Requirement forecast of labor force in the city Average increase No Categories 2005 2010 2015 2020 2006 – 2020 (5/year) 1 Population (Person) 1,137.269 1,346,477 1,551.308 1,783,681 3.05% 2 Working age people (by person) 710.337 869.543 1.010.007 1.132.153 3,16% A According to sector plans 3 Laborer working in the economic sector (by person) 3.1 Laborers working in the aquaculture and forestry sector (by person) 35 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - As compared with the same working age people 3.2 Laborers working in industry and 51.164 91.533 173.115 300.224 12,5% construction sector (by person) - As compared with the same working 11,1% 12,4% 14,2% 17,1% age people 3.3 Seasonal laborers (by person) - As compared with the same working age people A According to socio-economic development Master Plan toward 2020 3 Laborer working in the economic sector 485.596 565.242 674.936 814.849 3,51% (by person) - As compared with the same working 68,4% 65,0% 66,8% 72,0% age people 3.1 Laborers working in the aquaculture and 242.225 238.255 239.372 245.677 0,09% forestry sector (by person) - As compared with the same working 34,1% 27,4% 23,7% 21,7% age people 3.2 Laborers working in industry and 78.847 107.823 143.421 193.598 6,17% construction sector (by person) - As compared with the same working 11,1% 12,4% 14,2% 17,1% age people 3.3 Laborer working in service sector (by 159,826 219,125 291,892 375,875 5.87% person) - As compared with the same working 22.5% 25.2% 28.9% 33.2% age people 4 The unemployed (by person) 81,656 65,872 53,178 3,31 -19.5% - As compared with the same working 11.5% 7.6% 5.3% 0.3% age people B According to the CDS forecast 3 Laborer working in the economic sector 497,133 610,000 715,000 815,000 3.35% (by person) - As compared with the same working 70.0% 70.2% 70.8% 72.0% age people 3.1 Laborers working in the aquaculture and 258,155 256,000 243,000 195,000 -1.85% forestry sector (by person) - As compared with the same working 51.9% 42.0% 34.0% 23.9% age people 3.2 Laborers working in industry and 80,962 135,000 180,000 244,000 7.63% construction sector (by person) - As compared with the same working 16.3% 22.1% 25.2% 29.9% age people 3.3 Laborer working in service sector (by 158,016 219,000 292,000 376,000 5.95% person) - As compared with the same working 31.8% 35.9% 40.8% 46.1% age people 4 The unemployed (by person) 39,645 43,000 51,000 57,000 2.45% - As compared with total number of 7.4% 5.0% 5.0% 5.0% working age people 5 Housework 110,102 - As compared with the same 15.5% working age people Source: Forecast toward 2020 by Ha Long City Development Strategies Consultant group. In which: - Total population is forecasted based on the forecast of percentage of population at working age and the ability to attract labour of economic sectors; 36 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Percentage of population at working age is forecasted based on current age group structure of the city (interpolation from age group structure in the survey on April 1st, 1999) and assumptions on immigration to the city; - Labor in agriculture-forestry-aquaculture is forcasted based on current labor of inner city area and labor in agriculture-forestry-aquaculture of regions which are likely to be integrated into the city (in each planning period) as well as assumption on the ability to change jobs of this group of labor. (approximately 50%); - Labor in industry is forecasted according to the above Table; - Labor in service sector is forecasted with increasing proportion following the economic growth rate (total labor in service sector of an urban area theoritically accounts for 40-60%; - It is forecasted that there will be no change in the percentage of unemployed labor and percentage of people at working age who are housewives, people losing working ability, and students at working age. 4.3. Demand of investment capital a) The total demand of investment capital of the whole economy Table 9 - Demand forecast, possibility and capital sources Unit: Million VND at the constant 1994 price 2006-2010 2011-2015 2016-2020 Total Total demand of investment 31.259.897 74.568.465 160.226.951 266.055.314 capital Area I 754.227 857.623 1.228.216 2.840.067 Area II 12.920.806 33.019.135 80.895.158 126.835.100 Area III 7.301.955 17.719.949 48.605.796 73.627.700 Technical Infrastructure System 2.486.654 3.275.142 3.731.641 9.493.437 Social well faire Infrastructure 7.796.254 19.696.617 25.766.140 53.259.011 System Source: Sectoral plans mentioned above. b) Investment capital demand of some projects Table 10 - Investment capital demand of some projects TT Project Investment capital demand (Billion VND) 2006-2010 2011-2015 2016-2020 Total number of industry projects 21.142 49.121 46.672 1 Infrastructure facilities building for 6.409 3.571 2.540 Industrial Zones 2 Rice Grinding industry 240 100 3 Aquatic processing industry 100 285 4 Fruit, vegetable and beverage 80 53 processing industry 5 Meat processing industry 103 60 37 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 6 Cattle food processing industry 135 135 7 Other 80 800 5.400 8 Water and power industry 10.373 24.902 10.407 9 Chemistry industry 838 16.625 25.000 10 Mechanic industry 2.120 1.925 1.500 11 Material building industry 272 465 1.600 12 Textile and leather industry 370 200 200 13 Industry in rural area 22 25 Total number of tourist projects 8.000 14.400 Source: Sectoral plans mentioned above. 5. CHALLENGES, OBSTACLES TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT - Attractive capacity of investment sources is still low due to shortage of infrastructure - Labor skill and number of workers don’t satisfy the requirements of economic development - Disaster - Competition with Ho Chi Minh City and other provinces in the region 6. PRIORITIES FOR ACTION AND OPTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION 6.1. Industry development investment projects - There are 27 projects on infrastructure development for industrial zones. The demand of investment capital in the period of 2006-2010 is about 6,409 billion VND; in 2011-2015 is about 3,571 billion VND; in 2016-2020 is about 2,540 billion VND. - City Industry development plans toward 2020 is proposed around 76 projects with the investment capital demand about 14,733 billion VND in the period 2006-2010; in 2011-2015 is about 45,550 billion VND; in the period of 2016- 2020 is about 44,132 billion VND. However, these projects only play an oriented role, the investment source fully base on the city’s attractive capacity. - In detail, please see the annex – Investment project on industry sector 6.2. Projects of tourism and service development - Total number of 20 projects were proposed to develop tourism. Capital demand in the period 2006-2010 is about 8,000 billion Dong; and around 15,000 billion Dong in 2011 – 2020. - 14 projects in term of infrastructure construction and commercial service have been proposed in city trade development plan. Capital requirement in the period 2006-2010 about 1,600 billion Dong; and 15,000 billion Dong in 2011-2020. - In detail, please see the annex – investment project on commercial and service sector 38 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance THEME 2 - URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION PART I. URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT 1. GENERAL OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPLES Infrastructure development for Can Tho city is a field which urban government is very interested in. However, because previously Can Tho was a provincially managed city, investment in urban infrastructure development was limited. In the past two years, due to the Decision of the government to separate the province and recognize Can Tho as an urban class I which is centrally managed, the city has had more resources for socio-economic development in general and infrastructure development in particular. Especially, the Resolution No 45/NQ-TW by the Ministry of Politics stated that Can Tho would become the center of economy, culture, education-training, science – technology, and the transportation node of Mekong River Delta region. This provides Can Tho with greater comparative advantages as well as more advantageous development conditions than other provinces in the region. In fact, the above decisions are being implemented by key infrastructure development projects from state direct investment such as restoration and upgrading of Tra Noc airport, build up Can Tho bridge across Hau Giang river and O Mon thermal power plant, new construction and upgrading of ports in Can Tho, and other related projects such as canal dredging. In the future, the Government intends to continue deploying several great transportation projects such as expansion of National Road No 1A passing Can Tho and construct the railway to Ca Mau passing Can Tho. These are infrastructure works serving the whole region of Mekong River Delta, including 13 provinces in which Can Tho is the only provincial city. In Can Tho city development strategy, it is necessary to continue giving priority to the development of urban infrastructure because of the following objectives: a) A good urban infrastructure network that makes Can Tho become a civilized and modern city, contributing to the improvement of urban living quality, in which the poor and the low in come people will directly benefit; b) A good urban infrastructure system with all types of facilities will be an essential condition for Can Tho to become a central city of economic and culture activities in the whole Mekong delta region and a transportation node of Mekong River Delta region; c) A good operation of the urban infrastructure system will enhance the competitiveness and attractiveness of the city to the investment of the State, domestic private sectors, ODA, and FDI, stimulating socio-economic development of Can Tho city; d) A good urban infrastructure system will contribute directly to the protection of urban community’s living environment and natural environment in Can Tho city region, the most important of which is water environment of river system. Technical infrastructure plays an especially important role in urban development, however, construction and operation of urban infrastructure, particularly works such as roads, culverts, airport, require great capital but the rate of return is low. This is also the reason why public sector has to manage to invest in infrastructure development. However, urban development experiences were shown over the years that the mobilization of capital from other private investment sources to construct and operate infrastructure can accelerate the speed of infrastructure development. Therefore, there should be cooperation between state and non- state sectors in urban infrastructure development. To achieve sustainable business, 39 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance enterprises providing urban public facilities should be encouraged to operate with flexibility to gain profit to expand the area of service provision as well as improve the quality of service. Urban government should promulgate policies enabling urban public facility companies and economic sectors to invest in infrastructure and apply different prices to groups of people with different income level without affecting the expected revenue. Infrastructure and urban public facilities in Can Tho city that should be paid attention in this CDS include: Transportation (including inner transportation and outer transportation); power supply; clean water supply; storm water drainage system (flooding prevention); collection and treatment of residential and industrial waste water; collection and treatment of residential and industrial solid wastes. 2. URBAN TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 2.1. TRANSPORTATION a. Current situation of city transportation In the city area, there are five national roads passing the city with total length of 117 km, 8 provincial roads with total length of 125 km, and urban inner roads with total length of 137 km. Compared to the whole region of Mekong river delta including 13 provinces, the proportion of national road’s length in the area of Can Tho city is 6% and the proportion of provincial road’s length is only about 3.5%. It can be recognized that total length of national roads and provincial roads passing Can Tho city is quite low compared to the role of a central city of a region. Current road density is only about 0.5 km/km2 (not including small roads at commune level). Among nearly 100 administrative units at ward/commune level, 5 urban wards and 10 suburban communes have not had road connection to the center which can afford automobiles. • The city has organized several inner bus-routes connecting the urban area with suburban townlets. In addition, in the inner area of Can Tho city, there is a small amount of taxis and motorbike taxis circulating in the city area. • The transportation activities among Can Tho, Ho Chi Minh City and the South East are hindered by Hau Giang River, a major branch of Mekong River. • There are around 1,600 bridges of which 60% are temporary bridges in the suburb areas due to too many waterways in the whole city. The bridges size is very narrow, which cause regularly congestion of traffic. • Due to the large number of river branches, waterways are widely used, particularly in connecting rural areas, between rural areas and urban area of Can Tho city, between Can Tho and other provinces. The most important inter-regional and international river ways include Hau river branch from Cambodia crossing Can Tho to the sea, the branch crossing Ho Chi Minh city - Can Tho city and Ca Mau, the branch crossing Ho Chi Minh city – Can Tho and Kien Luong. However, due to deposit of silt and sediment, only small vehicles with average capacity lower than 250 tons can move regularly. • The port system includes Can Tho port (Hoang Dieu port) with the capacity of 2.5 million tons per year, but current used capacity is only 500 thousand tons per year and there is difficulty in transportation through canals to the sea; Tra Noc port with the capacity of 200 thousand tons per year; Cai Cui port which is being constructed; and several small ports as well as passenger ports. Ports in Can Tho city haven’t been used with all their capacity due to narrow passages leading to the sea is rather complex • Airport and airways: Tra Noc airport is a small airport which was under military use and at present is being renovated and upgraded by the Government to become international airport. 40 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance b. Orientation for urban transportation development - Inner transportation: Main objectives of inner transportation development is to connect well urban functional areas, rural and urban areas, facilitating the people to access employment centers and services of health care, education and culture. In many projects of transportation development for Can Tho city toward 2020, City Development Strategy gives priority to the following projects: • Increase the road density in double by 2020 from 0.5 km/km2 to around 1.0 – 1.2 km/km2, including national roads, provincial roads, inner roads and inter-district roads. Construct road for automobiles to the other 15 wards/communes. Reinforce commune level roads in rural areas. • All the bridges over the national roads and provincial roads should be enlarged and reinforced in Can Tho city area. • Arrangement of bus routes to link the urban residential areas to the job centers such as: Industrial zones, port, power plant, airport; and public services e.g. school, hospital, market; and town and township. The bus will increasingly used in reducing the number of motor vehicles which cause traffic congestion at the rush hour, air pollution, traffic accidents and time for moving of the laborers is to be reduced. • Develop bus inter provincial stations at the same completion time of the Can Tho bridge. - Outer transportation and economic development: Main objectives of outer transportation is to connect Can Tho to provinces in Mekong River Delta region and South East provinces including Ho Chi Minh city, to construct transportation works serving the whole region such as airport and ports to make Can Tho become the transportation node of Mekong River Delta region. In order to achieve these objectives, the following projects should be given priority in implementation: - Complete Can Tho bridge cross Hau river in 2008 to connect Can Tho and Provinces in Cuu Long river delta and Ho Chi Minh city with the eastern provinces of the South. • Complete Phase 1 of rehabilitation and upgrading Tra Noc airport to become an international airport by 2008. • Upgrade the National road No 91B (in the South of Hau River) that link Can Tho to Soc Trang and Bac Lieu. • Propose the upgrading project of National road No 1A (from My Thuan to Can Tho) at the same completion time of Can Tho bridge. • Finalize Cai Cui port project (with its loading capacity of 2.5 million tones per year and receiving possibility of 10,000 tones ships), renovate and upgrade other specialized ports such as Tra Noc food port and oil port. 41 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 16 – INFRASTRUCTURE (Existing situation 2006) Center of Can Tho city LEGEND Power plant Health care center Cultural center, theater National road Airport Power station Professional high school Market Other outer road Port Water work Park School, kindergarden Urban aterial road Ferry route Stadium Border of ward/commune TV broadcast station Bus stop Sport centers River, canal Ferry port Post office Border of districts 42 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance • Propose the project of Quan Chanh Bo canal through Dinh An passage connecting Can Tho port to the sea. • Maintain the harbors and small wharfs, regularly dredge the narrow ways to serve waterways service in Can Tho city with other provinces. • Until 2020, railway route from An Binh station (Ho Chi Minh City) to My Tho and Can Tho in the Decision No 101/Q§-TTg dated 22 January 2007. • Making recommendations to the State for the implementation of railway route which link Ho Chi Minh city to Can Tho. This railway route is planned to start after 2020 but it should be implemented earlier to meet progress and development demands of Cuu Long river delta in recent years. c. Requirements and constraints in transportation development for Can Tho city • Requirement of investment capital for transpiration development is very high. In fact, the government is in charge of constructing and maintaining all outer transportation works such as national roads, airport, Can Tho bridge, ports and dredging canals and rivers which are centrally managed. However, even construction of transportation works which are managed by the local governance such as national roads and rural roads, organization of transportation in the city and dredging canals which are managed by local government require large source of capital that needs to be mobilized from many sources and many mechanisms such as BOT, BOO, BT,… d. Issues • Relocation, resettlement and land acquisition for traffic infrastructure development projects are very complicated tasks which require a lot of expenditure and time. Therefore, transportation planning should be soon set up, approved and disseminated widely. • The development of outer transportation system such as bridge, air port canal transportation, national roads, railroads,… depends on plan and schedule designated by the government. 2.2. POWER SUPPLY a. Current situation of power supply • Power is supplied by the National power network, from 2 lines with 220 KV capacity Cai Lay – Tra Noc and Cai Lay – Rach Gia. Besides, there is a Tra Noc power plant with its maximum generating capacity of 183 MW. • Power is supplied to the city through the 110 kV line and 6 substations of 110/22 kV and 110/15kV. • The electricity consumption has increased two folds in 5 years, which is about 232kwh per capita in 2005 compared to 110 kwh per capita 2001. The electrification rate reaches 98%. 43 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 3 - TERRAIN AND MAIN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM To An Giang, Cambodia To the North West part of Mekong river delta region To Ho Chi Minh city To Kien Giang Tra Noc port Hoang Dieu port To Ho Chi Minh city Tra Noc International airport To Kien Giang Proposed 1A National road Can Tho bridge To Kien Giang To the South China sea To Kien Giang To Soc Trang To HauGiang To HauGiang, the East and the South Mekong river delta region LEGEND Main transportation system in Can Tho Existing bus stop Proposed highway Existing national road Proposed rail way(after 2020) Proposed national road Existing airport upgraded to become international airport Other existing outer roads Existing local port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 2000-3000 tons Geographical boundary of Other proposed outer roads Existing regional port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 10000 Can Tho city Existing urban arterial street or national tons road converted into urban arterial street Waterway route connecting to Bien Dong (South China sea) Rivers, canals Proposed urban arterial street 44 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 4 - TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY To An Giang, Cambodia To the North West part of Mekong river delta region Thot Not 220kv power station To Ho Chi Minh city To Kien Giang O Mon power station Tra Noc port Tra Noc power plant Tra Noc 220kv power station Tra Noc International airport Hoang Dieu port To Ho Chi Minh city To Kien Giang Proposed 1A national road Can Tho bridge To Kien Giang Cai Cui port To South China sea To Soc Trang To Kien Giang To Hau Giang To Hau Giang, to the East and the South of Mekong river delta region LEGEND Existing bus stop Existing power plant to be upgraded Tele-communication: Broadcast station center Proposed highway Proposed rail road Proposed power plant Existing national road Existing airport upgraded to become international airport Existing power station of 220kv, 110kv Proposed natioal road Geographical boundary of Existing local port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 2000-3000 tons Can Tho city Other existing outer roads Proposed power station of 220kv, 110kv Geographical boundary of Other proposed outer roads Existing regional port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 10000 tons wards/communes Existing urban arterial street or national road Existing water work to be upgraded Geographical boundary of Waterway route connecting to Bien Dong (South China sea) other provinces converted into urban arterial street Proposed water work Rivers, canals Existing ferry route and station Proposed urban arterial street 45 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance b. Development orientations of power supply sector • Completion of the 1st phase electricity for O Mon thermal power plant with its capacity of 600 MW by 2008, 720 MW at the 2nd of that by 2010 and the 3rd of that by 2015 with their estimated capacity of 2,640 MW after 2015. Power plants constructed in the city area play an important role in increasing considerablely volume of electricity supplying to national power network as well as in meeting imcreasing requirments of daily living and production activities in the whole region of Cuu Long river delta and in reducing electricity loss and creating jobs for local people. - The whole electricity network of 6 KV will be rehabilitated into 22 KV conforming to the national standard by 2020 - Implement projects of street lighting in the inner area of Can Tho city by energy economical lighting equipments. - All the cables must be put underground while running through the central city. c. Requirements and constraints in power supply Requirements of investment capital to build up power plants and connect electricity networks to great consumers. Power network only make benefits if residents live in urban area and central communes. Power supply will be very difficult if residents live in every where. d. Issues - The stability of generating electricity for Can Tho city depends on the Electricity Viet Nam’s plans, managers and the electric distribution tables of Mekong river delta. - Develop thermal electricity plants can cause some environmental problem 2.3. WATER SUPPLY FOR RESIDENTIAL AND PRODUCTION USE a. Current situation of clean water supply • Water is supplied for residential use in the inner area of Can Tho city by 2 water works namely Can Tho 1 and Can Tho 2, each of which has total capacity of 40,000 m3/day, using surface water sources of Can Tho and Hau rivers. Besides, there are some small water supply stations and other specialized ones such as O Mon water work and Cai Rang water work with the capacity of about 1000 m3 per day, using underground water. The capacity if sufficient; however, due to great water loss which is about 32% of total quantity of water generated, the consumption of water per capita in the inner area of Can Tho city is only around 90 liters/day and about 70% of urban residents can access tap water. Clean water is very inadequate in some inner areas such as Cai Rang, Binh Thuy and Tra Noc. • Towns and townlets in the suburb and the central communes should have respective water supply stations with capacity from several hundreds to several thousands m3 per day. • In addition, the water work of Tra Noc power plant supplies cooled water with the capacity of 21 thousand m3 of raw water per day and there are also several underground water supply stations of factories in Tra Noc industrial zone. • Water source from Can Tho river is slightly polluted. b. Development orientation of water supply system for Can Tho city • Objectives - Achieve standard of 200 liter of water/day per person in the inner urban areas and 150 liters/day person in suburban towns and townships - About 1 million people taking up 90% to 95% of urban residents will be supplied 46 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance with clean water by 2020; - Satisfy the demands of water for industrial use; - Tap water should meet national standard of clean water; and - The National programs on clean water supply should be implemented in the rural resident areas to achieve the target by 2020 the entire rural residents can get access to clean water. • Total demand for tap water of Can Tho city in 2020 is approximately 400,000 m3/day. To meet this demand, it is necessary to increase the capacity of the current water works by 300,000 m3/day and new water works should be built in Hung Phu, Hung Thanh, Thuan Hung for the inner area of Can Tho and water works should also be built to serve 4 suburban towlets. • Invest in rehabilitation of water tube systems to reduce the loss of water quantity from the current percentage of 35% to approximately 20% of total generated water quantity. Extend the new water networks to areas far from the centre, particularly to low income households. • In order to mobilize capital for maintenance and development of water supply network for new consumers and low income households, city government should allow the application of flexible water price depending on consumers’ income so that low income households can access more easily to clean water. c. Requirements and constraints in the development of water supply system • Requirement of investment capital • Conflicts between the water resource protection for water works and sources of pollution such as the floating markets, markets in the city, industrial facilities, widespread water pollution due to the use of pesticides and fertilizer in agriculture. d. Issues • Difficulty in developing water network for new consumers as low income households do not have the ability to cover installation cost and monthly water charge. • Because the capacity increasing of water plants, rehabilitation and enlargement of water pipes were not implemented in well matched manners, lost water amount was relatively great. • Enterprises haven’t paid attention to increase capacity of water plants and improve water quality due to clean water cost is still concerning problems. In order to solve this matter, urban governance needs to find solutions to stimulate clean water supply enterprises. 2.4. STORM WATER DRAINAGE, RESIDENTIAL AND INDUSTRIAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT a. Current situation of water drainage and wastewater treatment • There is only a relatively completed water drainage system for rainwater and waste water at Ninh Kieu district. In other residential areas, existing canals and ditches are used for storm water as well as residential and industrial wastewater drainage. • Residential wastewater treatment plant has not been built yet for the whole city; wastewater treatment plants of several big industrial facilities are under construction. b. Development orientation • First of all, complete the water drainage project for the central areas of Ninh Kieu and Binh Thuy district funded by CES (Germany). 47 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance • Long-term objective of Can Tho city is to collect and treat all residential and industrial wastewater of around 300,000 m3 per day. For the inner area of Can Tho city, separated systems of storm water drainage and wastewater drainage will be constructed according to “Orientation of water drainage for urban areas of Vietnam toward 2020�. For suburban townlets, joint systems of storm water and wastewater drainage will be constructed. • Due to Can Tho city’s long-shaped topography, many water treatment stations should be constructed for each inner area, new urban areas, and the industrial zones along Hau river. Waste water in towlnets should also be collected and treated on site by small stations. • Based on the regulations in respect of current industrial wastewater, enforceable measures should be adopted to enforce the treatment of hazardous wastes water by the enterprises and hospitals prior to its discharge into the city’s water drainage system. • Fully exploit the canal and trench systems for the rainwater sewage system and reduce the partial flooding status. c. Requirements and constraints • Requirement of investment capital: Construction of transportation infrastructure system such as road, water drainage and sewage is very expensive due to compensation, relocation, settlement and land clearance. • Seasonal flooding is a natural phenomenon in Mekong river delta region; therefore, the basic measure to prevent flooding is distributing residents in highland areas in urban and rural areas. Other measures should be done is to fully take advantages of canal and trench system and to more equip pumping stations against partical flooding status in the flooding season as mentioned. d. Issues • To reduce construction cost, developers often don’t much pay attention to infrastructure systems such as water drainage and sewage and waste collection at new urban area. On the other hand, houses were sold with full services which made the price to go up and beyond the financial capacity of people. 2.5. ENVIRONMENT SANITATION, COLLECTION AND TREATMENT OF RESIDENTIAL WASTES AND SOLID WASTES a. Current situation of environment sanitation in Can Tho city • The total quantity of wastes need to be collected in urban residential areas of Can Tho city is about 650 tones/day, in which 470 tones of those are residential wastes, 90 tones are from markets and 90 tones are from industrial production. Only about 120 tones wastes (around 20%) are basically collected per day in central districts such as Ninh Kieu, Binh Thuy; The remaining of those are collected, incinerated, dumped and threw into canals and ditches by residents. • Wastes and industrial solid wastes, which haven’t been treated and classified, are dumped in the city’s landfills. • Medical wastes: Among the hospitals and the health care facilities of communes, only the city general hospital possesses a hazardous waste incinerator according to the technical standards. b. Development orientation of environment sanitation for Can Tho city • It is estimated that in Can Tho city, about 2,500 tones of wastes will be collected everyday by 2020 of which residential wastes take up 60% or1,500 tones/day, the 48 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance rest is industrial wastes and commercial wastes from industrial enterprises/handicraft industries and markets. • The city’s objective is to collect around 90% of domestic wastes in the inner area of Can Tho city. This objective will be lower to the towns and townships around 60 to 80% by each area. • Enforceable measures should be adopted to enforce the treatment of solid hazardous wastes by the industrial zones and the hospitals before discharging into the city’s landfills. • First of all wastes and solid wastes continue to be dumped; but the quality of the surrounding environment should be closely monitored and smell and waste water must be planned to be treated. After 2010, a waste treatment plant should be constructed and recycled it into organic fertilizer or incinerated instead of discharging into the current landfills. c. Requirements and constraints • Requirement of investment capital d. Issues Collection of residential wastes: Urban governance should organize programs to mobilize residents to keep clean in their living environment. The inner environmental problems in Can Tho city could be solved through social organizations such Women’s Union, collection of residential wastes in residential areas. 3. URBAN SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 3.1. ASSESSMENT OF CURRENT SITUATION • In term of Education and Training facilities: National educational system has been established with relatively matched maner. The network of schools has been expanded in the diversified direction in most of residential areas in city and meet learning requirements of people. - In 2005, the city has got 34 kindergartens in districts, mostly in Ninh Kieu district. There are 250 schools, of which 16 have reached the national standard, 1 lower secondary education of ethnic broading school and 1 other school in combination with assistance for pupils belong to families contributing to the revolution. - In term of training, there are educational facilities at regional level (3 universities, 01 in- service university, 01 college, 5 middle training schools and vocational training facilities at central level) and others for city’s demands (2 colleges, 5 middle and vocational training schools) - In general in the passing time, education and training scale considerably develop, the pupil rate by age go to school increasingly at all educational levels. • In term of cultural and sport centers: - The city has got 1 city library and 4 district libraries with a total of 411,462 books, the number of readers has increased year by year. Besides, schools have got their own libraries, mainly consisting of text books to serve teachers and students, and each commune has got one book shelf of laws, but the facilities are very limited, not meeting environmental requirements, the books are not diversified in types and not meeting the expectation of readers. - Besides, there are 29 cultural posts of wards and communes; monthly the culture sector buys new books from its own budget for libraries and for fostering management staffs. • In term of Health Care: 49 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance The system of public health care facilities of Can Tho city has been set up in all 3 tiers. The health care at the provincial tier do not only serve the city people, but also people from adjacent provinces. In the whole city there are:1 general hospital, 7 clinics, 4 specialized centers, 1 medical appraisal division, 8 local general medical examination rooms, 8 medical centers, 1 local antenatal house, 67/67 ward and commune health care stations. - In general, the health care system has covered most of the city. Except provincial tier facilities, health care facilities at commune level have degraded below national standard. Only 6 stations are at work in commune people’s committees in newly separated districts; most equipment in district health care facilities is old or at shortage, hence the use capacity of beds is low. - Besides, in the city, there are 783 medical units like pulse rooms, antenatal rooms, dentist rooms, x ray rooms, testing rooms, new medicine shops, Northern medicine shops, Southern medicine shops etc. mainly located in district centers, of which Ninh Kieu accounts to 50%, making considerable contributions to the cause of the health care of the population. 3.2. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE ORIENTATION • In term of education and training: Fully complete national education system including regular and continuing education, increase quality and effective education, gradually improve intellectual standard of people at low level as compared to other places with its worthy position of a central city of region: - Reasonally arrange, consolidate schools system, standard and non standard educational facilities in the diversified direction to attract and satisfy requirements of learning, strongly contribute to improve intellectual standard of people and train city ‘s human resources. - Construction of hi-quality schools, international standard schools, schools combining assistance for children of family contributing to the Revolution, high school of aptitude for sport, center of physical education; expansion of focal school model, hi-quality center, strengthen quality of technical high schools. - Formualte master plan for schools network, education facilities consistent with city socio- economic conditions and practicability in the oriented development process of state owned schools and socialized education in the Resolution No 05 of the Government. - Perfect network of continuing centers, comprehensive and carrier technical centers and community centers. • Cultural centers: - Upgradation and completion of the city culture center, city children culture center, cinema and cultural services center, information and exhibition house, 8 district culture centers, inter-ward, -commune cultural activity areas, cultural gathering points in streets, hamlets having book reading rooms, by 2010 all communes will have book reading rooms and settlements have children playing grounds; - Investment in construction of Tay Do cultural center ; - Upgradation of art and cultural high school to college or university to become a -training center for culture and communication staffs of provinces in the region ; - New construction of and supply of books for city libraries, district libraries and book reading rooms in wards and communes; • Health Care facilities: A strong medical network, which meets health care demands of people in the Cuu Long river delta, should be set up in Can Tho City. Hence, city needs to focus on consolidating and rapidly develop to become a center offering hi-tech and deep professional medical services 50 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance by a completed medical system, being able to develop specialized hospitals. Besides, city should turn to be a place spcializing in receiving and developing science and technology achievements in the field of medicine, deploying applicable studies and transfering to localities in the region and centers of medical training, health care consultation, propaganda for health care education in the whole region. To achieve the above proposed objectives, medical branch needs to carry out the following programs: - New construction of a municipal general hospital with all departments, functions and facilities; - Establishment of 6 specialized clinics (tuberculosis, ophthalmology, otorhinolaryngology, tumor, Psychiatry); - Upgradation and completion of the system of antenatal clinic, children clinic, national medical hospital, dermatology and venerology clinic, family planning center, mother and child hospital, testing center for pharmaceutical and cosmetic products, regional center for blood transfusion, disease prevention center, AIDS prevention center; - Establishment of the system of 5 district centers (Cai rang, Phong Dien, Binh Thuy, Co Do, Vinh Thanh); - Repair, upgradation of ward and commune health care stations according national standard, new construction in new communes; - Encouraging private sector to invest in construction of hospitals, including international hospital, antenatal houses, pulse rooms, dentist rooms, national me dice services; - Encouraging the expansion of the network of private medical examination and treatment facilities; - Improvement of health care activities at the base; - Construction and development of the system of medical examination and treatment complete with Western and Eastern medicine; development of hi-tech and in-depth health care services; - Promotion of scientific researches and application of science and technology achievements in health care, then transferring to localities in the region; development of information technology in health care; 51 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance PART II. ENVIRONMENT QUALITY PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT 1. GENERAL OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPLES Environment protection and management of the Can Tho city including inner and outer areas is aimed at: a) To protect healthy environment for local community; b) To protect the natural environment of rivers, increasing bio-diversify; and c) To achieve sustainable development. Protection and management of Can Tho city environment requires the active participation of city governance, residential community, enterprises and Women’s Union, Homeland Front, Old age’s Union. In fact, Can Tho city has implemented several measures to improve living environment quality by community participation projects such as Green Can Tho project, Can Tho city upgrading project. Different from Ha Long, another urban area in CDS, big size industry sectors which cause great pollution such as coal industry or thermal power plants or building materials such as cement haven’t appeared in Can Tho. Therefore, Can Tho’s major missions in managing and protecting urban environment as well as water and river environment include collecting and treating residential and industrial solid wastes; To resolve these environmental problems, urban government needs to give priority policies to a series of urban infrastructure development projects; dividing the urban functional areas; Bring all the enterprises that cause pollution to the industrial zones to share treatment facilities; Select and develop the non-polluted industries; calling residents for setting up sanitary living style in the community; clearance and resettlement of the households who are living along the canals and the ditches;... On the other hand, the rural and agricultural production areas occupy a fairly large area so the environment management is controlled by the different authority levels. These key issues are the environment management of the urban areas as well as the inner areas and towns and townships. The rural areas are facing with environmental problems such as: overuse pesticides as well as organic and inorganic fertilizer, the low population density has influenced on the effect adoption of key urban services e.g. tap water systems, waste water treatment, collection and treatment of other wastes and solid wastes, ... Protection and management of Can Tho city’s environment include 2 interrelated fields namely urban environmental management and river natural environment management. 2. URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN CAN THO CITY 2.1. Current situation of urban environment - Around 45,000 tones of residential wastes are collected and dumped per year; the remaining quantity is discharged into canals and ditches, made into fertilizer, incinerated or dumped in the gardens. - Industrial facilities in residential areas do not have wastewater and hazardous solid waste treatment equipments. - A great number of housings, situated along the canals, were extended and discharged their residential wastes into the canals.In several inner urban areas 52 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 7 - ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT To An Giang, Cambodia To the North West part of Mekong river delta region Thot Not 220kv power station To Ho Chi Minh city To Kien Giang Tra Noc port To Ho Chi Minh city Hoang Dieu port To Kien Giang Tra Noc international airport Proposed 1A national road Can Tho bridge To Kien Giang Cai Cui port To South China sea To Soc Trang To Kien Giang To Hau Giang To Hau Giang, the East and the South of Mekong river delta region LEGEND Main transportation system Geographical boundary of Existing bus stop Environment sanitation Proposed highway Can Tho city Proposed wastewater treatment plant (according to Proposed rail way (after 2020) Geographical boundary of construction planning) Existing national road wards/communes Proposed wastewater treatment plant (with Existing airport upgraded to become international airport Geographical boundary of Proposed national road implemented project) Existing local port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 2000- other provinces Pumping station (WB project) Other existing outer roads 3000 tons Rivers, canals Other proposed outer roads Existing regional port to be upgraded to receive vessels of Scope of WB project - Phase 1 10000 tons Existing urban arterial street or national road Proposed landfill Waterway route connecting to Bien Dong (South China sea) converted into urban arterial streets Proposed cemetery Existing location of cemetery Proposed urban arterial street Existing ferry route and station 53 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance and along national roads, the concentration of dust and hazardous substances such as NO2 in the air has increased recently. 2.2. Development orientation of urban environmental protection task - Measures to improve the urban environment quality which was mentioned in the urban infrastructure development component consist of: Collection and treatment of domestic and industrial solid wastes, domestic and industrial waste water and arrangement measures of public bus routes… These measures cause very positive impacts on urban environmental protection in Can Tho city. - These measures also enforce enterprises to treat wastewater and hazardous solid waste and service fee collection will be applied to residents, tourism and service sector. - Fees of waste collection will also be applied in the residential areas. Particularly the poor households, collection of residential wastes is to be combined with community participation. - Study the legislative framework to require industrial sectors which are likely to cause pollution such as chemical production, construction materials, thermal power plant, water transportation; ship building industries to pay for environment reversion tax. Plans should be formulated to remove all the enterprises that cause pollution out of residential areas to the concentrated industrial zones where the water and air pollution treatment equipments are installed. - Set up plans and implement resettlement of households living along the canals and ditches in the territory of the inner areas of Can Tho. 2.3. Requirements and constraints in urban environmental management • Requirement of investment capital • Legislative framework, professional capacity of officials and institutional capability in urban environment management are still weak. This should be improved by establishing a professional urban environmental inspection team which is managed by the city and have all necessary rights and working equipments. Urban environment inspector can inspect surface water environment quality which will be referred in the following. • Conflicts will be continuously occurred between the economic development and the environmental protection issues in Can Tho city. 3. SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT IN CAN THO CITY 3.1. Current situation of surface water environment quality - Water quality of some large rivers like Hau river is still good due to great water flow. But water quality of canals and ditches particularly in the inner areas of Can Tho city such as Cai Khe and Tham Tuong are seriously polluted due to living and production activities. - Residential wastes discharged from residential areas cause congestion in sewage systems and pollution of the surface water in the canals and ditches. - Water of canals in suburban areas is lightly polluted due to pesticides and organic and inorganic fertilizer which are used widely in agricultural production in the suburban and rural area. 3.2. Development orientation of surface water environment management in Can 54 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance Tho city - The above measures for urban infrastructure development and improvement of urban environment particularly measures for residential and industrial wastes treatment, collection of wastes and solid wastes, relocation and resettlement of households living along the canals and ditches, altogether have good influence on the surface water environment protection of Can Tho. - Regularly dredge bank and beds of the canals and ditches to clarify the stream flows - Increasingly protect the environment surrounding the water sources of the water plants of Can Tho city - Formulate the stricter environmental sanctions - Periodically monitor environment of the rivers, canals and ditches. - A feasible solution should be found for floating markets on the Can Tho river. - The monitoring works are supposed to be stimulated on the Can Tho’s river environment. 3.3. Requirements and constraints in natural environment management - Requirement of large investment capital without bringing tangible economic benefits 3.4. Issues - It needs to improve professional capacity of officials, institutional capability and legislative framework for surface water environment protection of Can Tho to well implement management and protection of water environment. - Conflicts will be continuously occurred between the economic development and the surface water environmental protection of Can Tho. 55 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance THEME 3 - POVERTY ALLEVIATION 1. EXISTING SITUATION 1.1. Introduction Based on Decision 170/2005/QD-TTg, dated 8/7/2005 by Prime Minister on poverty criteria applicable for the period of 2006-2010, new poverty criteria in this period are meant for 2 areas: urban and rural areas (old poverty criteria identified 3 areas) and have been raised 2 to 3 times as compared with old criteria, in accordance with economic growth rate, living standard of population comparable to other countries in the region. In urban areas, poor households are those having average per capita income below 260,000 VND/person/month (old norm was 150,000 VND). In rural areas, households with average per person income of 200,000 VND per month (old norm was 80,000 – 100,000 VND). According to WB, the poverty line is determined by income of below 1 USD per person per day. If converted to VND, the poverty line will be income level of 16,000 VND per person per day equal to 480,000 VND per person per month. The poverty line as stipulated by the Ministry of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs (MOLISA) is 260,000 VND per person per month in urban areas and 200,000 VND in rural areas. However, according to statistical method world-wide, the purchasing power of VND is higher than the average level of the world, for example: GDP calculated by purchasing power parity of Viet Nam is 5-fold of the real GDP. If so, the poverty line could be higher. Therefore, the criterion to determine the poverty line according MOLISA is acceptable. With this new norm, in the entire country, the number of poor households will increase from 8.3% in 2004 to over 26% (some 4.6 million households) in 2005. 1.2. Poverty Situation in Can Tho City The results of poor household survey according to new norm in Can Tho city in 2005 were as follows: Table 11: The poor household surveyed in Can Tho No. District Household (HH) Poor HH Percentage Nearly Poor HH 1 Ninh Kieu 46,667 1.121 2,40 1,198 2 Binh Thuy 21,752 1.679 7,72 556 3 Cai Rang 17,227 1.691 9,82 4,000 4 O Mon 26,529 3.904 14,72 4,660 5 Phong Dien 21,653 2.117 9,78 2,731 6 Co Do 37,328 6.395 17,13 12,300 7 Thot Not 40,892 3.969 9,71 743 8 Vinh Thanh 33,367 4.785 14,34 1,674 Entire City 245,415 25.661 10,46 27,862 Urban 124,941 9.840 7,88 According to Rural 120,474 15.821 13,13 tentative close- poverty line norm (Source: Department of Labor, Invalids and Social Affairs of Can Tho city, 2006) 56 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 1.3. Characteristics of Poor Households in Can Tho City a) Agricultural Livelihood: According to statistical figures, in the end of 2005, there were 6,166 poor households earning their livelihood through agriculture, most of which were in Co Do district (3,286 HH). Particularly in O Mon district, 1,208 poor HH were living on growing rice. Among farmers, poor HH often are those possessing no or very little land, thus much dependent on rental income. b) Low educational level - Low educational leveland lack of necessary skills often lead to failures in cultivation, home animal husbandry, aquaculture and push farmers closer to poverty. Workers face more difficulties in acquiring new skills and technologies for production increase if not having a certain educational level. Parents with low educational level often are not aware of the importance and benefits of education, thus do not facilitate their children going to school. c) Possession of Little Assets and Land The number of poor households having temporary shelter, no durable goods or only low- value goods is 8,512 HH, accounting for 41.81% of total poor HH in the entire city (mostly in Co Do district with 3,036 HH, Thot Not district with 1,900 HH and O Mon district with 1,083 HH). The number of pure farmers having no possession of or little production land is 13,758 HH, accounting for 67.58% of total poor HH in the entire city (mostly in Co Do with 4,787 HH, Vinh Thanh district with 2,832 HH and O Mon district with 1,855 HH). d) Many people are ethnic minority Can Tho city has some 1,144 HH of ethnic minority, the majority of which are Khmer. These communities are living on cultivation in difficult-cultivated lands or not accessing to infrastructure. The educational/occupational level of Khmers is much lower than Kinh and Hoa people, affecting their ability of accumulation for production and life improvement. e) Gap between the Rich and the Poor: The pace of the rich-poor segregation is getting more rapid. The official survey on residential living standards in 2004 conducted by the Statistical Office of Can Tho city has shown following levels of income: Table 12: Average income of Can Tho people Area Lowest Group Highest Group per Difference Person per Month per Person per (Times) Month Can Tho city 214,000 VND 1,124,000 VND 5.25 Urban Area 242,000 VND 1,336,000 VND 5.53 Rural Area 189,000 VND 894,000 VND 4.67 (Source: Statistical Office of Can Tho city) With this comparison in mind, plus negative impacts from price changes of important consumer goods affecting directly the production, and income, such as: gasoline, oil, fertilizer, pesticides, electricity, water etc. in increasing trends, the poor are most-affected, leading to ever drastic gap between the rich and the poor. 57 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance f) Difference in Living Standards between Urban and Rural Areas: - In recent years, the infrastructure development in Can Tho city has been paid more attention. Up to now, 1,321 houses in flood prone residential clusters were built; 761 solid and semi-solid class rooms, 88 communal markets were built; 100% of communes and wards have adequate health care stations for basic medical examination and cure; the number of households having power connections has increased to 98%, among which the rate in rural areas is 94.2%; the number of households using clean water has reached 88%, among which the rate in rural areas is 75%. - In general, having the priority policy for infrastructure, social, economic development for remote areas, for areas with ethnic people, Can Tho city so far has created favourable conditions for rural residents to get access to social and science and technology services towards reducing the difference in living standards between urban and rural areas. - However, there are still some places in rural areas, the living standards are far poor as compared with some places in urban areas, particularly in remote areas of Co Do district, Phong Dien district with very poor infrastructure, undeveloped transport network, no access roads to commune centers, no national network electricity to all communes etc. in fact, in rather big difference compared with living standards in Ninh Kieu district, Binh Thuy district. 2. KEY OBJECTIVES OF DEVELOPMENT 2.1. Strategic Objective The city provides conditions and opportunities for poor households to rise up by themselves in overcoming poverty by determination and believe in building happy families, stable social communities, in step by step elimination of inequality in life. 2.2. Poverty Alleviation related objectives - Increase income, stabilize and increase living standard for poor households; - Limit the gap in income and living conditions between urban and rural areas, between plain and mountainous areas, between rich and poor households; - Improve living conditions of the people; Reach standards in the rate of households which have houses, have access to electricity supply and clean water; - Create chances for the poor to have access to social services, poor households will receive on time health care services; - Eliminate hungry households, prevent poor households to be returned in poverty, gradually minimize poor households and households near poverty line. 2.3. Job Creation related objectives - Reduce unemployment rate, increase working time in outer city districts; - Stabilize the number of laborers who have occupation, increase the working capacity of the society; - Support poor households in development of production, trade and services; - Create jobs and generate income, subsidize social services, particularly pay attention to labor export; - Improve quality of laborers to meet the demand of human resources for all economic sectors to serve the career of industrialization and modernization; - Create good environment for job creation; - Carry out proper social labor allocation and promote transition of labor structure in accordance with economic development structure of the city; 58 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Provide information of laboring market to organizations and individuals. - Increase income, stabilize and increase living standard for poor households; - Limit the gap in income and living conditions between urban and rural areas, between plain and mountainous areas, between rich and poor households; - Improve living conditions of the people; Reach standards in the rate of households which have houses, have access to electricity supply and clean water; Create chances for the poor to have access to social services, poor households will receive on time health care services; - Eliminate hungry households, prevent poor households to be returned in poverty, gradually minimize poor households and households near poverty line. 3. DEVELOPMENT ORIENTATION -Supplement the Poverty Reduction fund of the city and assist the poor with credits by trust from mass organizations: Women Union, Farmer Association, Veteran Association, Youth Organization. - Organize capacity building training courses in poverty reduction and consolidate full- time poverty reduction staff, agriculture promotion staff, provide with adequate remuneration. - Increase social budget to strengthen policies for assistance to the poor and the disadvantageous in society, such as the elderly, orphans, people with disabilities. - Continue to strengthen vocational training, job advisory consultancies, labor exports, introduction of new practical vocations which are easy to learn and widely accessible for rural laborers. - Adopt policy of exemption of poor pupils at level II and III of education from all tuition fees, including due additional contributions, at first applicable in rural areas, later on possibly extended to urban areas. Pupils close to the poverty line are eligible for reduction of fees and contributions. - Annually the central budget allocates some amount, in combination with other local sources like local budget, Day for the Poor Fund, business donations, and charities, individual donations to step by step eliminate bamboo shelters, leaf partitions, and temporary houses of poor households, as according the plan of the Government. - Expand in the policy of free medical care for the poor the scope of free medical services of high level, such as: heart surgery, kidney filtration, blood filtration etc. and adopt policy for reducing hospital fees for close-poor households, households with special circumstances. - Adopt priority policy for enterprises in remote areas, even reward regulation or tax exemption for enterprises that have created many local jobs and produced stable incomes. Envisaged Targets for the next 5 years including the following contents and norms: - Reduce annually 1% of poor households. - Income of poor household group increases 1.5 times as compared to 2005. - 43,000 times of poor households can get favorable credits from the Poverty Reduction Fund. - 30,000 times of poor households can get credits from the Social Policy Bank. - 145,000 times of the poor receive agriculture-forestry-aquaculture promotions, science and technology transfers and business guidance. - 27,000 times of the poor are assisted in vocational training. 59 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - 108,000 times of poor pupils get reduction of tuition fees and contributions for school upgrading. - 482,000 times of the poor receive health care insurance cards for free medical examination and cure. - 3,000 poor households receive houses of affection. - 2,000 poor households are provided with connection lines and power meters installed free of charge. - 3,000 poor households are connected to the water network and provided with water meters free of charge. - 2.000 times of poverty reduction full-time staff and mass organizations at all levels receive capacity building training. CAN THO CITY: URBAN DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGY Geographical boundary of Existing bus stop Can Tho city Proposed highway Geographical boundary of Area with many households having income below poverty line and very poor Proposed rail way (after 2020) wards/communes households - in need of poverty alleviation policies Existing national road Geographical boundary of Area given comprehensive priority in living condition: housing, electricity supply, other provinces Proposed national road Existing airport upgraded to become international airport water supply Other existing outer roads Existing local port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 2000- Area with many poor people at working age but unemployed; these people should be given priority in vocational training in association with employment Other proposed outer roads 3000 tons Existing urban arterial street or national Existing regional port to be upgraded to receive vessels of Area with many children not going to schools; these children should be given road converted into urban arterial street 10000 tons priority in education Waterway route connecting to Bien Dong (South China sea) Proposed urban arterial street 60 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 4. RELEVANT AREAS: 4.1. Economic Development: - Economic development at high growth, with stability and balance will considerably improve material living quality of the people; in particular, poverty reduction programs should be linked to socio-economic development programs in the locality. - Economic development will bring about job opportunities for working people and for poor households as well. 4.2. Urban Infrastructure: - Improved transport network will help the poor (often using foot paths, bicycles, public transportation) get quick and convenient access to work places in the city center, in industrial zones. - Invested technical infrastructure will help improve living environment for people. - Improved social infrastructure will enhance spiritual life of the people, particularly of the poor. 4.3. Working Human Resources: - Long-term vocational training will provide the poor with occupational knowledge and skills in spectrum and in depth to take over more complex jobs. The poor if adapted to the market mechanism can change their occupations accordingly to earn steady living and improve income gradually. - Short-term vocational training will provide the poor with modest knowledge and certain skills for practical application in the production and business or in order to establish new businesses at the family base, in the locality. - Step by step build up working forces, able in acquiring and applying scientific progresses in the production for increased capacity and improved work quality. - Organize diversified types of vocational training for the poor in rural areas, linked with job creation, in order to help transform working structure, and reduce pressure of migration from rural to urban areas. - Improve vocational training in order to produce highly skilled human resources and for worker export. 4.4. Financial Resources: - Mobilize different resources and exercise the principle of the participation of the State, community and poor households, in order to enhance the commitment of local authority, people and the poor. Whereby: Assistance from the Central budget City, ward, commune budget Mobilize from business entities, communities, organizations, individuals through the campaign of “Day for the poor� and other local mobilizations. - Prioritize resources for poor wards, communes and those with special circumstances, particularly in education, health care and small irrigations. - Enhance the participation of people from the phase of identification of poor households, to the phases of planning, implementation, financial management, monitoring and evaluation. - State budget will pay for service charges the poor have enjoyed, in order to improve the service quality and fair access to services. 4.5. Urban Governance and Institution: 61 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Enhance information management, particularly towards the situation of the poor through systems of book keeping from the base. - Classify poor households; adopt project policy appropriate to the urban poor. - Enhance the guidance, control and evaluation of results of program implementation at all levels. - Reduce administrative procedures for the poor to get access to poverty reduction programs. - Take into account capacity building for staff engaged in poverty reduction programs. - Annually, wards and communes, mass organizations review and assess the number of households freed from poverty, re-submerged to poverty and newly poor households; identify reasons, build up plans and measures and register poverty reduction targets for the next year. - Every 6 month or every year, wards, communes and the city will review, evaluate, draw lessons from and multiply models of poverty reduction. 5. PROBLEMS AND ISSUES - From 2006, urban poverty campaign in Can Tho city has moved to a new phase. That is re-identification and re-formulation of poor households in accordance with new regulations (Decision No 170/2005/QD-TTg dated 8 July 2005 of the Prime Minister stipulating poverty criteria for 2006-2010 period) - Increased poverty criteria reflect socio-economic development with higher growth rate of the city, stabilized society, improved living standard of the city citizens. Poverty reduction staff of the local government has obtained considerable achievements and experiences. However, moving to the new phase, urban poverty campaign in Can Tho city have to face the following challenges: * Number of poor households which newly appear * “Suspended� plans in urbanization process * Drug addict and HIV/AIDS cases in poor households * Difficulties in reckoning and identifying migrating poor households * Low educational background compared with urbanization demand Solutions to strengthen poverty reduction on urbanization process. • Raise “out of poverty� awareness of the poor • Access to information of the poor • Discuss with the poor • Assist the poor with experiences to get out of poverty • Assist the poor in document and project formulation • Schools for the poor • Preferential policies for sectoral companies • Organize certain concentration places for peddlers • Instruct economic development structure • Make urban poverty study a scientific work • Strengthen the movement people for the poor 62 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance • Expand international co-operation 6. PRIORITIES FOR ACTION AND OPTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION Key issues should be addressed: 6.1. Job creation - Create sound climate and conditions for investment projects in the city with a view to generating more job opportunities; - Support poor households in development of production, trade and services in order to create jobs and generate income; - Increase the rate of laborers who receive vocational training from 11.67% per annum in 2005 to 40% in 2010; particularly provide on time vocational training for workers who have to change their jobs due to economic development structure transition. Vocational training should go in parallel with job creation; - Develop suitable enterprises in each area, ward and commune; - Provide vocational training for labor export. 6.2. Better allowance is to create more chances for the poor to have access to social services - Health care: 100% poor households are provided health care insurance in time. strengthen health care systems at grass root level, comprehensively invest in facilities for commune clinics, provide training to doctors and nurses working at grass root level; - Education: Create all favorable conditions for poor children to go to schools like other children. Construct new schools and improve school network to reach national standards; - Market: Solidly constructed markets should be built in each province and ward to facilitate economic development of poor households; - Culture and information: 100% poor households and households near poverty lien should have access to information on Party’s policies, poverty reduction programs and labor market; - Physical infrastructure should be invested in order to ensure 100% households having access to national electricity supply and clean water supply; - Better allowance for priority households namely better allowance for priority families, the disabled, children of special situations; - Benefits for the households belonging to poor group: * To be exempted from schooling fee and other contributions * To be provided with free of charge health care insurance or with poor household certificate in order to receive free of charge health care services * To be exempted from compulsory public work * To be exempted from agricultural fee * To be exempted from other contributions (security and national defence, contributions to educational career, natural disaster prevention, contributions to events in local areas, etc...) * To receive lunar New Year gifts 6.3. Raise awareness; build capacity for management staff of governments at all levels and sectors, organizations and community in poverty reduction and job creation 63 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Strengthen capacity for staff involved in poverty reduction at all levels. 100% wards, communes and district towns have specialized staff in poverty reduction. These staff should be provided annual professional training; - Improve the quality and effectiveness of propaganda on the Party and government policies in poverty reduction, good examples, effective poverty reduction models in local areas. 7. OBJECTIVES: 7.1. Poverty reduction objective: Basically eliminate poverty before 2020. o Generate income, stabilize and improve living standards of poor households; o Limit the gap between urban and rural areas in terms of income and living standards of people, between rich and poor households; o Improve living condition of the people; Complete objectives of housed households who have access to electricity and clean water supply; o Provide adequate subsidy and create opportunities for the poor to have access to social services and on-time health care services. o Prevent poor housholds to fall into poverty again, gradually minimize poor households and households living near poverty line. Criteria: o Reduce the number of poor households from 10.46% in 2005 to 5% in 2010; o Provide low-interest loans to 70,000 poor households and households living near poverty line; o 100% communes, wards and district towns have standardized clinics, adequate facilities and staff; o Provide high quality health care services to around 482,000 people of poor households and households living near poverty line; o At least 95% children at schooling age in poor households go to school; o 100% excellent children in poor households and households living near poverty line are provided with financial assistance to complete their undergraduate study and study at higher level if they like ; o 100% communes, wards and district towns have specialised staff in poverty reduction who annually receive further training; o 100% local newspapers and radios have poverty columns; o 100% poor households and households living near poverty line have access to poverty reduction information. 7.2. Job creation objective: o Reduce unemployment rate, increase working time in sub-urban districts. o Stabilize employed labour, improve social labour capacity; o Support and assist poor households to develop their production, trading and services. o Create jobs with a view to generating income, provide subsidy in terms of social services, particularly pay attention to labour export; o Improve labour quality, meet the demand for qualified human resources of all economic sectors in industrialization – modernization process; o Create a favourable environment to provide more job opportunities. o Carry out responsibilities assigned by the society and promote the change of labour and economic development structure of the city. 64 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance o Disseminate information about the labour market to related organizations and individuals. o Stabilize and increase poor household’s income and therefore their living standard. Criteria: o Reduce the unemployment rate from 5.42% in 2005 down to below 4% in 2010 (economic development). o Create from 35,000 to 40,000 on-site jobs every year. o Increase the proportion of jobs in the agriculture-forestry-fishery sector in rural areas from 78.93% in 2005 to 84.4% in 2010. o Export abroad 5,500 labourers including the ones who already have jobs. o Increase the percentage of trained labourers from 23.46% in 2005 to 42% in 2010. Attach training programs to job creation programs for at least 200,000 people. o Increase the rate of people going through long-training courses from 32% to 40% of the total number of high school graduates. o Give employment consultation to 100,000 people/year. o Introduce jobs to 45,000 people/year, increasing the rate of successful job introduction to over 70%. o Export 3,000 people to work outside Can Tho. o By 2010 at least 95% of poor Khmer households which do not or barely have land for production will be provided with 0.15 hectare of land for water rice cultivation. o Provide 145,000 agricultural labourers of poor and sub-poor households with business and production knowledge and skills. By 2010, 100% of communal agricultural extension workers have junior college degrees. 8. SOLUTIONS TO REACH OBJECTIVES 8.1. Poverty reduction: o Facilitate poor people in developing their business and production to increase income. o Carry out preferential credit policies on poor, disadvantaged families and especially poor Khmer households. o Provide production land to poor households and ethnic people basing on each locality’s situation. Attach land allocation program to agricultural-forestry-fishery extension program and credit program to help farmers use land efficiently. o Invest in basic infrastructure: install electricity meters, water meters, drill clean water wells free of charge, dig wells or build rain water tanks for remote households which do not have water supply difficulty. Establish the rural transportation network. o Give poor households’ access to health care and education services. Issue health insurance certificates, provide medicine and heath check-ups free of charge to poor households, reduce school fees and give scholarships to poor, disadvantaged pupils. o Consolidate local health care network, invest in infrastructure for communal health care centers, train doctors and nurses in the local health care network. o Use the local budget and mobilize social groups’ money to build houses of mercy. Help poor households to upgrade their houses by supporting or making loans to them. o Integrate national target programs, socio-economic development programs into poverty reduction and employment programs. o Exempt and reduce agricultural tax and land tax for poor households. o Take measures to prevent sub-poor households from falling back into poverty and becoming poorer. o Exempt, reduce school fees, give preferential credits to pupils and students from poor 65 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance households and give books and notebooks to pupils in remote areas. o Diversify poverty reduction advocacy programs using direct and visual methods. 8.2.Job creation: o Reduce unemployment rate from 2.14% in 2005 to 1.8% in 2010. o Make loans to sub-poor households and households with business and production experiences to improve their income. o Lend money to successful candidates of poor, sub-poor and disadvantaged households to pay fees to work abroad. o Lend money to poor pupils and students who are studying in universities, colleges and schools. o Carry out agriculture-forestry-fishery extension policies. o Support poor people in job training. Attach job training programs to employment programs. Exempt and reduce training fees for disabled people. o Privatize job training activities by encouraging local and international organizations establish vocational schools and centers in the city. o Carry out programs to attract the city’s labour, especially set up industrial zones to create more job opportunities. o Attract investment through preferential policies. There should be reasonable regulations for poor people to work. o Develop professions in each locality, ward and commune on small and medium scales. o Develop and extend the scale of job consultation centers and services. Form and efficiently operate the system of job introduction offices in districts. o Disseminate labour market information on mass media. o Train labourers of different professions for export. Teach them Japanese, English, Korean, etc. 8.3. Support policy for ethnic minority people: o Deal with the problems related to land, housing and supply of domestic water. Carry out preferential policies, health care and education policies and ensure equal opportunities in production techniques for ethnic minority people. o Use Khmer language in some television and radio programs to improve the education level of ethnic people. o Lend money from the Social Policy Bank to ethnic minority people, carry out agricultural- fishery extension programs, consult ethnic people on production techniques. At the moment, some Khmer farmers do not or barely have land for production so their life is still difficult. So the city should continue to encourage people to work in organizations, adjust land policies and set up cooperatives so that all farmers have land for cultivation. In densely-populated areas where there is lack of land, the state should reclaim land to establish new economic regions or attract people to state farms. Encourage and help Khmer people to recover and develop such traditional professions as growing mulberry and raising silkworms, silk weaving, cattle-raising, salt production and fishing, etc. in the forms of household and cooperative business. Encourage local people to help poor families, abolish cut-throat interest rates and immature rice selling and buying habit within Khmer people. Abolish illiteracy and raise people’s education levels. Maintain concentrated schools in Khmer communities such as O Mon (356 households), Co Do district (644 households) to 66 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance abolish illiteracy. Quickly train Khmer officers, especially local ones at different levels. 67 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance THEME 4 - HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT 1. EXISTING SITUATION 1.1. Current situation of labor utility 1.1.1 Mekong River Delta region: - According to the socio-economic statistical figures of the 2004, the total registered population was around 17,110,000 people. The 10,884,566 of those taking up 63% of the whole region were at working age. Table 13: The total number of laborers in the whole region is shown as follows: Number of laborers Career 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Total number of labor at working 9,935,450 10,129,372 10,456,978 10,697,033 10,884.566 age The total number of laborers in 8,034,960 8,224,681 8,441,377 8,649,711 8,792,142 economic sectors Percentage compared to total 80.9 81.2 80.7 80.9 80.8 number of labor at working age (According to socio-economic data of Mekong River Delta) 1.1.2. Can Tho city: • The total number of people at working age: According to the statistical figures, the registered population of Can Tho was 1,137,269 people in 2005 (with the average increasing population rate was 1.05% per year in the period of 2000-2005). The highest population density was 7,173 people/km2 in Ninh Kieu district of which the working age people made up 62.4% of the total city population. • Current situation of labor utility in economic sectors of Can Tho city: Laborers that worked in the economic sectors by 2005 are calculated hereafter: Table 14: Labour force working in economic sectors Number of laborers Career 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 The total number labor at 660,001 672,749 680,901 689,121 699,835 710,337 working age The total number of laborers in economic 451,383 462,936 470,711 477,945 487,375 497,133 sectors First sector 240,962 247,294 251,437 253,372 255,896 258,155 Agriculture and forestry 238,883 245,150 249,262 251,123 253,589 255,757 Aquaculture 2,079 2,144 2,175 2,249 2,307 2,398 68 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance Number of laborers Career 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Second sector 70,230 72,594 73,337 73,839 75,903 80,962 Coal mine industry 141 147 153 161 177 228 Processing industry 53,133 54,746 54,956 55,256 56,209 59,707 Power, water production 1,357 1,372 1,383 1,408 1,496 1,609 Construction 15,599 16,329 16,845 17,014 18,021 19,418 Third Sector 140,191 143,048 145,937 150,734 155,576 158,016 Trade, hotel, restaurant 77,969 79,425 80,576 84,393 87,786 88,418 Transportation, warehouses and 24,229 24,644 24,887 25,401 26,112 26,622 communication Other sectors 37,993 38,979 40,474 40,940 41,678 42,976 (According to Statistic Yearbook of Can Tho city in 2005) Unemployment rate: 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 Number of unemployment of 43,902 42,967 41,792 40,996 40,205 39,645 labor force Rate (%) 6.6 6.4 6.1 5.9 5.7 5.6 (According to Master Plan for socio-economic development of Can Tho city toward 2020) Labor at working age increases averagely 9,747 people per year in the period of 2001-2005, most of whom are employed. Labor in the first sector decreased from 36.5 % in 2000 to 34.1 % in 2005 while labor in the second sector increased from 10.6% to 11.1%, labor in the third sector increased from 21.2% to 22.5% of labor at working age. It can be recognized that the transformation of labor from agriculture sector to industry-service sector is still slow and has not met the increasing demand for employment. The proportion of non-agriculture labor in total number of labor is only 33.6%, which is very low compared to the standard proportion of 85% of an urban area class 1. 1.2. Current situation of labor capability. 1.2.1 Mekong River Delta Region: - As this is a region with traditions in rural agriculture, residents do no have the habit of competing in studying. The habit of satisfying with their own capability still widely exists in many people, including officials. - Mekong river delta region has high growth indices; however, educational level and professional capability of laborers in the region is the lowest in the country: 85.6% of labor force is not trained. Therefore, at present, local areas are lack of basic factors to develop with depth, including an important factor of intelligence resource. - According to local government, in the past few years, there has been a phenomenon called “resource bleeding� in all provinces of the region. The number of people holding post- graduate degrees in several provinces is quite low: 15 people in Hau Giang, more than 30 people in Ca Mau,... Only about 30% of the number of lecturers working in universities and 69 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance colleges have studied at post-graduate level (most of them are masters). 1.2.2. Can Tho City Area - Trained labor force accounts for 11.4% of total labor force (in which 0.2% hold PHD degree, 26.9% hold master degree and bachelor degree, 42.8% are college graduates, 29.45% are workers and professionals); however, the city is still in short of labor with technical professions and skills, particularly in industrial – educational – medical – cultural and social sectors. - Agricultural labor accounts for 50%. - Most of trained labor concentrate in the city center, especially labor who have graduated university. A part of labor at working age in the city is now emigrating to neighboring provinces and HCM city to work. Besides, there are several laborers from neighboring provinces coming to work in Can Tho, creating the positive labor exchange phenomenon, particularly labor with high professional capability. - In term of human resource in science and technology field, the structure of professional training is totally corresponding to economic structure of the City. In detail: Table 16: Human resources structure in Science and Technology industry Industr Agriculture, Social Educatio Natural Health Business y and forestry and science Service n and science care and law constru aquaculture art training ction Professional training 1 6 7 12 13 17 18 26 structure (%) While employment structure of labor with professional skills is not corresponding to professional training structure as well as economic structure of the City: Table 17: Carrier structure Technical Technical labor in Technical Technical Technical labor from agriculture, labor in labor in labor in Leaders college forestry and service construction other level aquaculture sector sector sectors sectors Employment structure of 1 11 15 35 38 1 skillful labor (%) (Source: Program of Human resource education and training development for Can Tho city in the period of 2006 - 2010, vision toward 2020 - Can Tho City People's Committee) - The percentage of labor at learning age is still high (7% of labor at working age) showing that there are still much potential in human resource development to meet the demand of industrialization and modernization process. 70 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 1.3. Current situation of professional education and training units in Can Tho city and Mekong river delta region 1.3.1. The role of Can Tho university in Human resource development of the city: Can Tho university is both a key undergraduate and post-graduate training unit of the State in Mekong river delta region and a cultural-scientific and technological unit of the region. Having been completed and developed continuously, the university has contributed a lot to the improvement of people’s knowledge and economic development of a region of which population accounts for 22% of national total population and rice yield accounts for 50% of total rice yield of the whole nation. Up to now, the university has developed to multi-sector university with different fields: Technology, Information technology, Economics, Agriculture, Teaching, Science, Aquaculture and Law with about 16,500 official students and 14,000 students attending training centers in other provinces of Mekong river delta region. At present, there are 47 undergraduate fields, 15 post-graduate fields and 5 PhD fields in the university. Main tasks of the university include training, scientific research, technology transfer to meet the needs of socio-economic development of the region. Together with training, Can Tho University has participated actively in scientific research programs, applied science and technology achievements to solve scientific, technological, economic, social and cultural problems of the region. Based on the results of scientific researches and international cooperation, the university has created many technological products and procedures to meet the requirements of production, residential use and export, developing its reputation in the domestic and international market. Can Tho university has taken advantage of the active support of Mekong river delta region government in terms of training, science and technology cooperation, and technology transfer. The university has promoted science and technology cooperation relationship with many international organizations, universities and institutes all over the world. By these cooperation programs, management capability and profession of officials have been improved; physical facilities, laboratory equipments and scientific information and data have been supplemented. 1.3.2. Current situation of other professional education and training agencies in Mekong river delta region - Can Tho Medicine and Pharmacy University: separated from Can Tho university. The university now consists of 4 schools (School of Medicine, School of Dentistry, School of Pharmacy and School of Public health) and 2 university managed fields (Convalescence Field and Basic Science Field) with 323 lecturers and 3000 students. Hospitals include: Can Tho Central General Hospital, 121 Hospital, Center of Tuberculosis and lung diseases, Children Hospital, Can Tho Medicine Hospital). - Tay Do Private University - Can Tho City - College of Can Tho City - Economic and Technical College of Can Tho City - University of Tien Giang - An Giang University - Dong Thap Teaching University - University of Vinh Long - University of Bac Lieu 71 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Cmmunity College of Hau Giang - Western region College of Civil Engineering 1.3.3. Current situation of professional education and training agencies in Can Tho city - At present, in Can Tho city, there has not been educational center at City level. Colleges and universities are now being constructed separately but will be expanded with more faculties in most of areas in the city, meeting educational needs of the society: there will be 3 unversities, 1 in-service training center, 2 colleges, 5 local vocational training colleges, 5 centrally managed vocational training colleges, 43 foreign language and computer training centers. - Institute of O Mon Rice is constructed in Co Do rural district. 1.3.4. The role of other educational agencies - In addition, 10 educational centers of the city, Tay Do educational center and other centers in Ninh Kieu, Cai Rang, O Mon urban districts and Thot Not rural districts have been playing the role of career guiding and vocational training for labor who have graduated high school. - The system of community education center aims at improving understanding and knowledge in production, facilitating poverty alleviation and integration into development process, particularly farmers in the urbanization process. 2. KEY OBJECTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT 2.1. Strategic objectives Can Tho must be developed to become a training center of major human resource for the whole Cuu Long river delta. Simultaneously, it is necessary to effectively resettle the number of redundant laborers particularly agricultural laborers due to the urbanization process. 2.2. Specific objectives Objective 1: Can Tho has enough conditions and attractions to provide a skillful labor force with sufficient professional capability and skills to achieve economic development objectives of the city and the Mekong river delta region. Objective 2: Give priority to human resource training for potential economic sectors of the city which are still in short of labor force and at the same time create jobs for the labor force from agriculture who are made redundant due to urbanization process. 3. DEMAND FOR LABOR 3.1. Demand for labor of different sectors in the development process 3.1.1. Mekong river delta region: - By 2015, the proportion of trained labor of Mekong river delta region is equal to this proportion of Red river delta. Increase the scale of annual training at professional senior high schools to 20% (accounting for 5% of population at the age from 16 to 20), increasing the average ratio of students per 10,000 people from 64 (in 2005) to 120 (in 2010). - Organize short term vocational training for farmers to export trained labor 72 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 3.1.2. Can Tho City: Table 18: Labor working in different economic sectors forecasted Increase averagely No Items 2005 2010 2015 2020 2006 - 2020 1 Population (people) 1,137,269 1,346,477 1,551,308 1,783,681 3.05% 2 Labor at working age (people) 710,337 869,543 1,010,007 1,132,153 3.16% A Based on sectoral plan 3 Labor working in economic sectors (people) 3.1 Labor in agriculture – forestry – aquaculture sector (people) - Compared to total number of labor at working age 3.2 Labor in industry and 51,164 91,533 173,115 300,224 12.52% construction sector (people) - Compared to total number of 11.1% 12.4% 14.2% 17.1% labor at working age 3.3 Labor in service sector (people) - Compared to total number of labor at working age B Based on socio-economic development master plan of the city toward 2020 3 Labor working in economic 485,596 565,242 674,936 814,849 3.51% sectors (people) - Compared to total number of 68.4% 65.0% 66.8% 72.0% labor at working age 3.1 Labor in agriculture – forestry – 242,225 238,255 239,372 245,677 0.09% aquaculture sector (people) - Compared to total number of 34.1% 27.4% 23.7% 21.7% labor at working age 3.2 Labor in industry and 78,847 107,823 143,421 193,598 6.17% construction sector (people) - Compared to total number of 11.1% 12.4% 14.2% 17.1% labor at working age 3.3 Labor in service sector (people) 159,826 219,125 291,892 375,875 5.87% - Compared to total number of 22.5% 25.2% 28.9% 33.2% labor at working age 4 Unemployed labor (people) 81,656 65,872 53,178 3,131 -19.54% 73 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance Increase averagely No Items 2005 2010 2015 2020 2006 - 2020 - Compared to total number of 11.5% 7.6% 5.3% 0.3% labor at working age C Based on analysis of CDS consultant group 3 Labor working in economic 497,133 610,000 715,000 815,000 3.35% sectors (people) - Compared to total number of 70.0% 70.2% 70.8% 72.0% labor at working age 3.1 Labor in agriculture – forestry – 258,155 256,000 243,000 195,000 -1.85% aquaculture sector (people) - Compared to total number of 51.9% 42.0% 34.0% 23.9% working labor 3.2 Labor in industry and 80,962 135,000 180,000 244,000 7.63% construction sector (people) - Compared to total number of 16.3% 22.1% 25.2% 29.9% working labor 3.3 Labor in service sector (people) 158,016 219,000 292,000 376,000 5.95% - Compared to total number of 31.8% 35.9% 40.8% 46.1% working labor 4 Unemployed labor (people) 39,645 43,000 51,000 57,000 2.45% - Compared to total number of 7.4% 5.0% 5.0% 5.0% labor looking for jobs 5 Housewives 110,102 - Compared to total number of 15.5% labor at working age 3.2. Solutions proposed to obtain the objectives 3.2.1. Solutions to Objective 1: To achieve objectives, Can Tho city has full advantages and its attrativeness to provide trained human resources, having professtional skills and good capacity, meet requirments of City and the whole region of Cuu Long River Delta . • Construction of infrastructure: - Increase investment in equipments and physical facilities for existing training centers such as Politics College, Politics Training centers of districts. Send lecturers and training management officials to field trips (in and out of the country) to learn experiences and get to know issues related to integration into international economy - a new and necessary field to the development of the City. Regarding professional high schools and colleges, invest in modern and appropriate equipments to facilitate students in practicing skills and at the same time improve the quality of research and teaching. - Improve, expand and construct educational and training works meeting national standard 74 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance and provincial needs. In detail: upgrade and expand Center of Integrated techniques and vocational guidance; establish continuing training centers in new districts; upgrade health care senior high school, and culture-art senior high school and technical worker training high school to college level, improve teaching college to become the multi-sector college of Can Tho; newly establish worker training centers, professional senior high schools, colleges, universities, international universities, upgrade in-service training center to become technical university, upgrade Can Tho university to national university; and construct University Park at provincial scale. - Recommendations should be made to the Central Government for the soon establishment of two Sub-Institute of National political and administrative management with a view to train laborworks for the whole region - By 2020, there will be 8 technical worker training colleges, 6 professional senior high schools, 4 colleges, 5 universities and 1 University Park – post graduate. - Beside training colleges under educational and labor system, PMUs of industrial zones also organize basic training courses, training for adaptation to new working environment and retraining or training to improve the capability of workers at different levels and groups in industrial zones. • Implementation of appropriate and effective training programs: - Project of Can Tho 150 aims to achieve the number of 150 officials educated in foreign countries and holding post-graduate degrees by the year 2011. All trained officials must be working for state agencies in the city area. Prioritized training fields include high- technology, applied techniques in improving the quality of agricultural and aquaculture products, services, management science...) Project of Can Tho 150 is more detail of Mekong 1000 Program - a cooperation program between Can Tho university and 9 foreign universities on training and scientific research with the following objectives: + To send officials abroad to study post-graduate on science and technology fields in order to accelerate industrialization and modernization process of Mekong river delta. + To continue training and improving professional capability of scientific and technological officials in the region to contribute to the development and economic integration of Mekong river delta. + To promote international communication and integration, particularly in science and technology, taking advantages of strengths of each local area and connecting science and technology strengths in the whole region to be capable of accessing and applying global advanced science and technology, developing and constructing Mekong river delta to become a key science, technology and economic region of the whole country. Detailed objective of the project by 2010 is to send 1000 officials to study post-graduate (master and PhD) abroad on different fields which are appropriate to science and technology development needs of provinces and cities in Mekong River Delta. - Accelerate training of human resource for state and non-state educational and vocational training units to meet the standards, improving in both quality and quantity and achieving synchronism in term of structure. Detailed objective of Mekong 1000 program for Can Tho city is to send 150 officials to study post-graduate abroad by 2011. All of the trained officials have to work for governmental agencies in the city, prioritized training fields such as high technology, applied techniques to improve the quality of agriculture and aquatic products, services and management science...). 75 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Master training on 15 fields at Can Tho University: Most of the fields support the development of high-tech agriculture, including: Cultivation, Husbandry, Veterinary, Ecology, Aquaculture, Biological technology, Land science, Agricultural economics and several fields aiming at other development objectives: Environmental science, Mathematics, Physics, Chemistry, Theory and methodology of teaching Literature and Vietnamese grammar, English teaching methodology and Business administration. - Production area zoning should be reasonable and pay attention to traditional professions in order to develop and take advantage of production experiences as well as provide training effectively. - On-site training by establishing vocational training and career guidance centers in each local area with appropriate fields is the most effective and feasible, particularly when most of laborers without profession in the city are poor; their traveling is not convenient and they would like to live near their family to combine learning with helping their family to earn their living. - Continue to deploy the project on illiteracy elimination and unofficial education at Community Education Centers organized by the Ministry of Education and Training in cooperation with UNESCO Hanoi, in Mekong river delta to improve people’s awareness on other necessary skills in every day life as well as in production. - PMUs of industrial zones continue to organize training courses to improve the capability of workers to meet the requirements of these industrial zones. • Can Tho university and other universities should play the crucial role in training to achieve development orientations of the region and the city: establish research centers on biological technology, chemistry to apply in agriculture; train teachers for vocational training centers, on-site training centers, agriculture stimulation projects... , with the objective to training 3 main labor forces: managers, technical engineers and workers Table 19: List of main projects of the University in the incoming future TT Prioritized groups of projects Units in charge of preparing proposal 1 Bio-technology - Breeding Faculty of Agriculture 2 Bio-technology - Epidemic management Faculty of Aquaculture 3 Natural resource conservation Institute of Cultivation system 4 Separating technology Faculty of Technology 5 Teaching method Faculty of Teaching Faculty of Economics and Business 6 Market study Administration 7 Rural planning and development HTCT Institute 8 Information technology Faculty of Information Technology Mechanization - Automation in 9 Faculty of Technology agriculture 10 New material Faculty of Technology Preservation and processing after 11 Faculty of Technology harvesting 12 GIS- resource management Faculty of Technology • Favored policies to attract labor - Favored policies for immigrants to the urban area with high education and profession (particularly consultants on technology, economics, market, law and training). - Allocate budget for basic training related to urban management (accounting, planning, 76 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance administration, human resource management,...) - In Education and Training field, subsidy is provided to attract teachers to remote areas; special mechanism is applied to teachers participating in advanced training courses. - Allocate budget to support partially or fully the tuition fee for students of vocational training centers, courses on technical profession and management in order to meet the demand of industrial zones in short term and meet the requirements of labor export in long term, particularly favored policies are applied to laborers transferred from agriculture. • In term of educational centers - Deep decentralization of education and training system follows the Viet Nam development strategy toward 2010 approved by Prime Minister and fully mobilize independent capacity of education and traning agencies by Decree 10/CP of Prime Minister of Viet Nam and Circular 25 of Ministry of Finance dated 16 Jan 2002. • Implement effectively Human resources development program - Objective: develop a labor force with professional capability meeting the requirements of industrialization and modernization of the city, being able to penetrate into labor market of provinces in and out of the region, improving educational level of city labor to the national level and ASEAN level. This program also partially meets the demand of provinces in the Southern region of Vietnam. - There will be investment in educational system to provide labor with technical profession and skills, from primary to intermediate and advanced level. - Construction projects of technical worker training centers in districts, professional senior high schools in the districts and Thot Not town, National politics sub-institute, National Administration Sub-institute, private and international colleges and universities in the central area of the city, and a university park in long term. - The program is supported by the following policies: + Policy of investment capital (budget capital of Central Government and line Ministries, budget capital of cities and districts and NGO capital). + Policy of land acquisition, compensation and resettlement. + Policy of socialization in training sector. + Policy of establishing a fund for worker training. PMU of industrial zones develop worker training centers to provide from basic skills to complicated skills for adaptation, retraining and capacity improvement. • Implementation: After the Program of Human resource education and training development for Can Tho city has been completed, the Steering Committee is responsible to assign relevant agencies and units to set up detailed project proposals to submit to the city People's Committee for approval, based on which: - Program Steering Agency sets up plan for implementation according to tentative schedule, cooperating with Department of Home Affair to report to the city People's Committee and the Steering Committee. - Professional departments: Department of Plan and Investment, Department of Finance,... are responsible for facilitating the programs in implementation to meet tentative schedule and requirements. - Department of Home Affairs is responsible for cooperating with Expert team to assist the Steering Committee in monitoring, investigating and reporting progress of the program to 77 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance the city People's Committee and the Steering Committee according to regulation. - Leaders of Departments, Industries and People's Committee of districts, People Committee of wards/communes and townlets are responsible for cooperating with relevant agencies to send officials to training courses in each program. 3.2.2. Solutions to Objective 2 Labor force is insuffient in potential economic sectors for city development should be given priority to be trained and effectively settle surplus human resources from agricultural production due to urbanization. Can Tho is a city within Cuu Long delta with great agricultural potentials, so it is necessary to invest in high technology and human resources for the city’s socio-economic development. Agriculture with high technology application together with human resource development to improve the city’s economy are necessary to reach the above objectives. In addition, one of the major orientations in appropriate to the development of the city is the development Commerce-Finance-Tourism service centers of the whole region. Different from Industry and High quality Agriculture sectors in which there have been educational - training centers and programs to provide sufficient human resource, Commerce-Finance and Tourism service sectors still account for a small percentage; human resource as well as training centers in the city have not played the role as the Regional center of human resource development for Commerce-Finance and Tourism service sector. Developing human resources for High-tech Agriculture and Tourism Services means developing the current potentials. These two sectors can help provide jobs to surplus labourers who account for a large proportion in the city. a. In term of Hi-tech Agriculture • Important role and nessessary of Hi-tech Agriculture to the whole region of Cuu Long river Delta as well as Can Tho city. - Vietnam economy has been depending on agriculture for a very long time. However, in the global market, agricultural product export from Vietnam has only developed in term of quantity rather than quality. Therefore, total export value has not been high (the ratio of GO/VA is still low). - Due to the impacts of natural disaster and epidemic, the people are not active in agricultural production to achieve the expected outcomes. - In Can Tho city, urbanization process has reduced agricultural land and caused great impacts on employment of agricultural labor force (which accounts for 50% of the city labor force), most of whom have very low educational level. Without being trained to adapt to and work in the modern agricultural production environment, existing agricultural labor force will not be able to meet the development needs of the city. - Urbanization has reduced agricultural land. However, hi-tech agriculture can help overcome all the limitations and difficulty, searching and taking best advantages of strengths (both in term of natural resources as well as human resources), retaining land area with potentials in agricultural development as well as creating more job opportunities for agricultural labor force, creating the foundation for sustainable agriculture development, particularly in Mekong River Delta region – the area with traditions and potentials in agricultural development – creating the foundation for the development of Vietnam agricultural product exportation. • Concepts of functions of Hi-tech agriculture - Hi-tech agriculture applies 3 types of technologies including biological technology, information technology and new material technology. Main applications include: 78 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance + Pre-eminent, highly selective and non-disease breeds + The system of mass breeding and pre-eminent selective individual. + New and sustainable material for agricultural use. + Automatic monitoring by computer during production process. + Non-disease, non-insect and non-parasite cultivation method. + Accurate quantification of optimum cultivation conditions. + High quality, clean and safe agricultural products meeting 4 standards: nutrition, aestheticism, ecological safety and health, increasing competitiveness in exportation. - Hi-tech agriculture model tries to meet international standard on beauty and diversification. Hi-tech agriculture should be combined tightly with ecology tourism, beautiful landscape, aestheticism as well as knowledge about nature and environmental conservation. - High technology requires best experts on market access and economic analysis, breeds and breeding technology, cultivation, preservation, package and transportation; experts on information technology, agricultural equipments and material. It is essential for hi-tech agricultural model to hire and train best experts. • Project of Human resource development in agriculture - Objective: + Short term objectives by 2010: Besides the advanced human resource training program of the city, there should be training and retraining courses for technical engineers to work in the system of hi-tech agricultural farms. + Long term objectives by 2020: Promote training of local technical labor, including 3 labor forces: managers, technical engineers and workers. - Solutions: + Allocate budget for training on agriculture production and management as well as aquaculture. + Allocate budget to support partially or fully the tuition fee of students attending vocational training courses on Agriculture and Aquaculture organized by the city, technical engineer training course to meet the demand of hi-tech agricultural farm system in short term. + Organize training courses and thematic workshops to improve the capability of city officials working in science and technology field, agriculture management and aquaculture. + Improve labor capability by various activities to stimulate agriculture and aquaculture and operation of career guidance centers... - Results: + By 2020, about 90% of labor in agriculture has studied in agriculture –aquaculture stimulation fields and 30 - 45% of labor have participated in short term training courses on agriculture-aquaculture skills. + In each commune, there are 2 to 3 technical engineers supporting people to understand and apply new technology in agriculture and aquaculture. - Implementation organization: Department of Agriculture and Rural development of Can Tho city is both the investor and Project management unit. b) Industry development program 79 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Carry out job training programs together with programs to develop industry, handicraft industry and traditional jobs in the city to create general as well as skilled labourers to deal with surplus farmers in suburban areas in the urbanization process. - Provide human resources to prioritized projects in important industries: basic chemistry, petrochemical refinery and production, construction material and additive production, ship-building, automobile, electrical and electronic goods assembly, printing, packaging and high-tech sectors. - Prepare leading experts for the city’s industries who will become consultants in the industrial sector to facilitate and create a good business environment for enterprises, investors, etc. - Support in carrying out training linkage activities (inside and outside the country) in sectors in which the city is still inexperienced. • Human resource development program for Commerce - Finance sector: - Support and send officials working in commercial sector from city to district level to training programs in and out of the country to meet the needs of development. Training on integration into international economy, commercial competition,... for relevant officials. - Establish a group of leading professionals to conduct researches and promulgate policies of commercial development which are appropriate to local context and demand of economic integration. - Support in setting up commerce-service cooperation programs for enterprises, ensuring a good climate for economic development. • Tourism development program - Enhance training of human resource (in and out of the country) for tourism sector. Develop a skilful labor force with professional and polite style of working. - Support the policy of treating and encouraging talents, high-tech human resource to participate in tourism sector of the City. - Set up Tourism professional high school and integrate basic knowledge of tourism into educational programs at secondary schools to provide students an overall understanding about tourism development potentials of the city, so that they will be interested in working in tourism sector in the future. 3.3. Related sectors involved To realize the human resource development objective, it is necessary to implement some necessary programs and policies in parallel. 3.3.1. Science and technology potential development program - Objective: + To develop a labor force in science and technology in the local area (physical facilities, scientists, inventions and innovations) to conduct researches and apply science and technology in achieving socio-economic development orientation of the city and Mekong river delta region. Appraise and approve the award of intellectual ownership to technological innovations. + To step by step develop the science and technology market, technology transfer and solutions to make Can Tho become a scientific and technological center of Mekong river delta region and one of the key sectors of the city can affect other economic regions. - The program includes 3 phases: 80 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance + Phase 1: Review and prepare conditions (2-3 years): focus on projects of science and technology comprehensive development, construction of necessary physical facilities, establishment of several centers and institute at city level, establishment of science and technology clubs, development of activities of the Science and Technique Association. + Phase 2: Breakthrough (4-6 years): Cooperate with provinces in Mekong river delta region to implement several science and technology projects/programs at provincial and regional levels; focus investment on the construction of physical facilities, particularly upgrading centers and institutes at city level to regional level; construct hi-tech processing zones, hi- tech agricultural zones with O Mon Rice Institute and Hau River farm being the cores; strongly support large scale manufacturers as well as state and non-state science and technology enterprises. + Phase 3: stabilize operation, create and develop science and technology market in the city area. - The program includes projects of science and technology at city and regional level, basic and advanced training for scientists, scientific investment in hi-tech processing zones, construction of science centers, and support for enterprises in technological renovations. 3.3.2. Science and technology development policy: - Allocate a part of city budget to invest in collecting and disseminating information on market science and technology to industrial and handicraft facilities, creating the premise for industrialization and modernization of agriculture in the local area. - Policy on collaboration with scientists and experts on fields that the city is still in short of. - Allocate a part of city budget to invest in development of physical facilities, equipments and network to employ labor working in scientific sector, developing strong potentials to meet the demands of socio-economic development status. - Mechanism and policies on the operation and contribution of domestic and international organizations as well as scientists in scientific, technological and environmental field of the city and the region. - Investment policy on technology transfer from foreign countries to the city, step by step improving capability of scientific officials and technical engineers. - Rapidly apply information technology at schools and state management agencies. - Organize training courses and thematic workshop to improve the capability of officials working in science, technology and environmental management field. 3.3.3. Land use According to the construction master plan of Can Tho city toward 2025, total land area for the construction of universities, vocational training centers and training units in the city will be 390ha by 2015 and 590ha by 2025, focusing on the following areas: - Regional training center, developed from Can Tho university, Teaching university, Vocational training college and Rice Institute, will be constructed on two sides of avenue 91B with total area of 280ha by 2015. - Focus on the construction and development of new training center in the Technology urban area, which is a new urban area of the city developed in the North direction of O Mon district (in the North-West of the city) with total area of about 150ha by 2015 and 400ha by 2025 (including universities, institutes, high-quality training centers,... particularly regional and international universities). - Center of High quality agriculture research – testing – production and development in Thoi 81 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance Thanh commune – Co Do district with total area of 200ha by 2025 will be constructed on the land of Hau River farm. - Use the land stock to construct vocational training centers and professional senior high schools in urban and rural districts. 3.3.4. Mobilizing financial resources for human resource development - The main objective is to stimulate education socialization to enhance human resource, capital and physical resources, mobilizing many resources in training for officials, including state budget, contribution and sponsor from agencies, organizations and individuals in and out of the country. - However, state budget plays the major role in training for officials, teachers and supporting teachers in rural areas who are in difficult socio-economic conditions. Based on the content of each project and economic integration process in each development period of the city, take advantage of opportunities to organize skill training courses, science and technology transfer, training for capacity building, refresher courses, ... or send officials to Foreign training programs using state budget under the Ministry of Education and Training to improve professional capability of officials. 4. LIMITATIONS: - The quality of education is still low; there is still great difference in educational level, capability and quality among teachers in urban and rural areas. - Although universities and colleges have developed rapidly in terms of physical facilities and educational quality, the number of trained students have not been corresponding to the potentials. - The city has not found effective solutions to provide high quality human resource. There is shortage of leading professionals and good technical officials willing to contribute to the development of the city. - Capability in directing and managing has not met the needs of development, several officials are still influenced by old perceptions and attitudes. 82 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance THEME 5 - FINANCIAL RESOURCES 1. EXISTING SITUATION Financial resources for the city’s development consist of: budget and non-budget sources. 1.1. Budget source Can Tho has been decided as a city under central control since 1st January, 2004 according to Resolution 22/2003/QH11 dated 26th November, 2003 of the National Assembly, the 11th Legislature and Decree 05/2004/ND-CP dated 2nd January, 2004 of the Government. Before that thanks to its favorable position as the centre of the Southwest region with rather developed industries, commerce and services, this city was capable of balancing its revenue and expenditure. Budget revenue Budget revenue increased fast reflecting the city’s great effort in collecting budget revenue. Budget revenue increased continuously over the years, from 1,172 billion VND in 2000 to 2,546 billion VND in 2005 – an increase of 2.17 times in 6 years according to the current price. Compared to 1994 price, budget revenue increased from 1,019 billion VND in 2000 to 1,794 billion VND in 2005 – an average increase of 12%/year, equivalent to the economic growth (13.5%). So the total budget revenue collected from the city’s economy accounted for about 19% of the GDP (2005). This proportion, although lower than the country’s average (20-21%), reflected Can Tho’s great efforts in collecting budget revenue. This city had just been separated from Hau Giang province so the proportion of agriculture in its GDP was still high. This showed that with the ‘city under central control mechanism’ and reasonable collection incentives, this city’s budget revenue mobilization rate will likely be high. Revenue from the internal economy, especially from taxes and fees made up a large proportion of the total in which the private sector’s contribution was increasing. In terms of structure, in 2005 revenue from taxes and fees accounted for 64% of the total. This is an important and sustainable source because it clearly reflects the locality’s own income- generating ability. Revenue from state-owned enterprises (SOEs) contributed about 24% to the total domestic revenue. The figure for non-SOEs and foreign direct investment sector (FDI) were 19% and 4-5% respectively. Looking at this structure, we can see that at the moment SOEs is still the strongest sector in Can Tho while the FDI sector is still weak. With the trend of SOE equitization and the city’s policy to attract private sources of investment, the above structure will experience considerable changes towards gradual increase of the private sector’s proportion. Although revenue is always higher than expenditure, the city’s share of central budget is reduced. Although the city’s yearly revenue has always been higher than its expenditure (1.75 times higher on average from 2000 to 2005), its share of the central budget has been reduced from 90% to 50% after being separated from Hau Giang province. This has created difficulties for Can Tho because it has a high demand for basic construction investment to become a modern, central city of Cuu Long River Delta. So the city is asking the central government to increase this share to about 80-95% to be equivalent to other new cities under central control (such as Da Nang or Hai Phong). If this proposal is accepted, the city’s budget revenue will likely increase. The increased delegation of power to district and commune/ward levels has encouraged their effort to increase budget revenue collection. Can Tho has delegated power to its lower levels to manage and collect taxes. It has also issued the bidding regulations, fee and charge rate framework on time to create favorable conditions for collecting fees and encourage fee collection. This is the point that needs to be further strengthened in the coming time. 83 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance Budget expenditure - Budget expenditure increased at the same rate as revenue. Expenditure on investment tended to increase faster than regular one. Since 2000 budget expenditure has been increasing by 11.7%/year on average, equivalent to the increase of budget revenue. This shows that the balance between revenue and expenditure in Can Tho has been rather healthy and stable. Besides, the city has paid much attention to expenditure on investment, so its increase rate is higher than that of regular expenditure (28.3% against 8.15%), making the proportion of expenditure on investment increase and regular expenditure decrease in the total budget. However, localities all over the country often pay more attention to expenditure on investment than on the maintenance of infrastructure works resulting in their downgrading conditions. This is also a warning for the city because expenditure on regular maintenance of the existing infrastructure works to make full use of their capacity will be more efficient than building new ones. - The management of regular expenditure has shown considerable progress towards being more thrifty and efficiently. In regular expenditure, the financial sector has ensured on time payment to the state civil servants. This is a prerequisite in regular expenditure to ensure civil servants’ stable life. However, when the city is delegating autonomy to state administration agencies in terms of the staff number and expenditure management, it is necessary to identify a suitable proportion of delegation, otherwise these state administration agencies can only afford to pay salaries to civil servants and have no more money to enhance their efficiency. - Investment on basic construction mainly focuses on developing the economic infrastructure, health care, education, culture and society. A big advantage in managing investment expenditure is that the city has disbursed capital in time to suit the progress of construction works and avoid delay. This also contributes to higher efficiency of the limited investment capital. Moreover, the city has paid attention to investment in developing human resources which used to be Cuu Long River Delta’s disadvantage in general and Can Tho’s in particular (the proportion of expenditure on education, health care, culture and society in the total expenditure on investment in 2000-2005 accounted for 67% on average). Focusing investment in these areas also shows that the city has made careful choices in spending its budget on the areas belonging to the state’s functions (building infrastructure and dealing with social issues). Investment on developing human resources not only creates a good condition for future development but also takes advantage of Can Tho as a service centre. - The City’s proportion of expenditure on investment allowed by the central government is still lower than that of other cities under central control. In 2004 alone, investment expenditure assigned to Can Tho was equivalent to just 6.8% of the expenditure for Ho Chi Minh City, 18.5% of Hanoi, 69% of Hai Phong and 62.3% of Da Nang. Besides, a large proportion of revenue from import-export duties, value added tax and corporate income tax collected in the city was sent to the central government causing difficulties for the city’s development. 1.2. Non-budget resources Non-budget resources consist of investment from domestic private enterprises, FDI enterprises and the public. The current major forms are direct investment, investment through banking and financial system and bond issuance. - Faster investment from the private sector shows that the city increasingly depends on its internal force of people. In 5 years investment in the private sector increased by 17% on average, much higher than the nation’s economic growth rate, accounting for nearly 60% of the total social investment and over 80% of the amount of public savings. This is a positive movement reflecting the fact that the city has been continuously improving its 84 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance investment environment and building investors’ trust. - Despite better investment environment than other cities, improvements are still needed. The city’s competitiveness index shows that Can Tho has always been on a high rank in the national list (9th in 2005 and 10th in 2006)11. Services for the private sector are the most appreciated. This result is also in line with the province’s remarks in its planning documents stating that banking activities are strongly developed increasing the ability to mobilize and lend capital and medium and long-term loans tend to increase. The city has also created the investment incentive mechanism in the city (Decision 32/2005/QD-UB dated 4th May, 2005) and has implemented administration reforms towards simplicity to create favorable conditions for investors. However, Can Tho’s investment environment still needs a lot of improvement. Despite its 10th rank in the provincial competitiveness index list, its total mark is only 50/100, i.e. many aspects need improvement. It should be noted that Can Tho has lower rank than Vinh Long and An Giang. These are other provinces in Cuu Long River Delta with less favorable conditions than Can Tho. According to Vietnam’s Chamber of Commerce and Industry, Can Tho has good potentials in developing private enterprises (of the 19,000 enterprises in Cuu Long River Delta, more than 2,000 enterprises and 5,000 individual household establishments which are capable of becoming enterprises are now in Can Tho). But the city is now facing 3 major difficulties: insufficient and fragmented transportation system, lack of skillful human resources and inactive leaders. These judgments are the same as enterprises’ remarks reflected in the city’s medium and under medium marks in these aspects. - Attracted FDI and ODA are still moderate. In five years, 2000-2005, the city granted licenses to 25 FDI projects, adjusted capital for 11 on-going projects and established branches and offices for 50 units. The total amount of used ODA only reached 19.4 million USD and capital from NGOs was only 10.9 million USD. - The city has paid attention to exploiting other sources of credit. Since 2004, the city has borrowed from the Treasury and the banking system to invest in its development (a total of nearly 200 billion). This will be an important capital channel of capital for the city in the coming time. In summary: There are some important main features in Can Tho’s process of mobilizing capital for development in 2000-2005 as follows: - The management of budget is good; both budget revenue and expenditure increased over the years and they tend to be more positive in the future. - The ability to mobilize capital from the budget is great because as a city under central control, it can enjoy a preferential mechanism. Moreover, the city’s budget revenue tends to increase thanks to the vigorous development of the private sector. - A good investment environment will attract more private investors. If this environment continues to be improved, the potential will be much greater in the future. 11 This index is calculated based on 10 basic factors of the investment environment in different provinces under direct influence of the local government officers’ behaviors and attitudes. Each factor is assessed by a marking scale of up to 10 marks; higher marks mean more positive factors. According to this index, Can Tho was ranked 10th among 64 cities and provinces of Vietnam with a total mark of 58.3/100 with the following details: (1) Expenditure to set up enterprises: 6.55; (2) Land and business space: 6.7; (3) transparency and access to information: 6.83; (4) Expenditure on implementing the government’s regulations: 4.78; (5) Unofficial expenditure: 5.7; (6) Competitive environment: 6.57; (7) Active and pioneering attitude of leaders: 3.52; (8) Service for the private sector: 8.68; (9) Labor training: 5.56; and (10) Legal mechanism: 3.8. 85 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 2. KEY OBJECTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT 2.1. Strategic objective Turn Can Tho into a leading city in the modernization and industrialization process, grade 1 city before 2010 and basically an industrial city before 2020, and a development pillar playing the role of growth engine of the region12. 2.2. Development objectives 2006-202013 Basing on the chosen development option No. 3 among the 4 options suggested in Can Tho’s Master Socio-economic Development Plan 2006-201014, some of the development objectives for this period are as follows: - The average economic growth rate will reach 16%/year in 2006-2010; 17.1%/year in 2011-2015 and 18%/year in 2016-2020 i.e. 1.3-1.4 times higher than that of the whole Cuu Long River Delta region. - Per capita GDP will reach 1,191-1,362 USD in 2010 (overcoming the low level of 2007). This figure will be 4,385-5,243 USD in 2020, an average increase of 13.2-14.6%/ year. The HID index will reach about 0.897-0.908. - The economic structure of agriculture - industry - services in 2020 will be 3.7% - 53.8% - 42.5% respectively. 2.3. Financial objectives Savings and investment objectives - Savings will increase by 18.7% on average, higher than the economic growth rate with the focus on creating savings from the service sector which is expected to account for 50.8% of the total savings. So the public savings of 21.1% of GDP in 2005 will increase to 25.4%-29% in 2020. - Private sector’s investment will increase by 23.3% in 2006-2020, accounting for 83.3% of the total investment from mainly foreign and domestic private companies in the industry, construction and commerce sector. - Investment from the local budget will rise by 10%/year, making up 8.4% of the total investment (yearly average). - Investment form the central budget will rise by 14.9%, making up 8.3% of the total investment (yearly average). This source of investment mainly focuses on developing the infrastructure. Budget revenue and expenditure objectives - The total budget revenue (including both the central and additional ones) will be expected to rise by 14.7%/year in 2006-2010; 14% in 2010-2015 and 13.4% in 2016- 2020; the average increase will account for 17.1% of GDP. 12 Extracted from Can Tho’s Five-year Plan 13 2006-2020 Planning 14 According to option No. 3, agricultural land will be reduced, population will be limited by controlling birth rate, and the City will develop sustainably, fast and will have breakthroughs in industrial production and market. Three areas will be synchronously developed; the economic structure will be changed in a sustainable and feasible way. This option is chosen as it ensures high GDP growth rate and it is easier to achieve than other options, the economic structure is in favor of industrial and service development which is not too fast to guarantee a reasonable change in the labor structure. The rate of budget revenue/GDP and the savings rate/GDP are gradually increased to attract capital and increase budget revenue. The total capital under this option is lower than that under other options; budget deficit is the lowest (370 billion VND in the first 10 years of development). 86 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - In terms of revenue structure: Revenue from taxes and fees will have the highest proportion (68.1%); from lottery: 9.3%; from land fees: 7%; from import and export: 14.1% and from other unplanned sources: 17.7%. - The total budget expenditure will increase by 16.7% in 2006-2010; 13% in 2011-2015 and 14.9% in 2016-2020. - In terms of expenditure structure: The total expected expenditure for the whole period will be equivalent to 65.1% of the total budget revenue. Regular expenditure will increase fast resulted from higher salaries. Expenditure on basic construction will account for 30%, on education and health care: 34.8% and according to the target program: 14%. Public savings mobilization objectives - The amount of capital mobilized from the city’s banking system will increase by 13.9%/year in 2006-2010; 19% in 2011-2015 and 20% in 2016-2020. - In terms of mobilization structure: Capital from the central sources will account for 60% of the total; the rest will be mobilized from the local sources. Financial management objectives - Budget investment will focus on prioritized objectives, such as building the socio- economic infrastructure, dealing with social policy problems, reducing poverty and solving urban environment pollution. - Continue to implement administration reforms to improve the investment environment, creating new and open policies and mechanism to attract private investors. - Continue to give autonomy to public service agencies in the city, ensure sound and transparent management of the state budget. - Delegate financial management tasks to the district and ward/commune levels. 3. INVESTMENT DEMAND AND MOBILIZATION ABILILITY To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the necessary capital for each period of time is estimated as follows: In 2006-2010: 31,260 billion VND, accounting 11.7% In 2011-2015: 74,568 billion VND, accounting for 28% In 2016-2020: 160,227 billion VND, accounting for 60.2% This is estimated to include: The central government will invest 22,300 billion, making up 8.4% of the total investment capital, mainly on transportation, grade 1 irrigation, electricity, water supply, postage and telecommunication, education, health care, public agencies, etc. at the city level. Especially prioritize ODA capital for such sectors as: rural transportation, upgrading and building new water supply and drainage system, upgrading schools, developing health care and preventive medicine network. Investment from the city’s budget will reach 20,251 billion, accounting for 7.6% of the total investment capital, mainly on building local government agencies at district level, technical infrastructure, social infrastructure at the district level, industrial zone infrastructure, commercial zones, grade 2, 3 irrigation works, etc. According to estimates, in the first period (2006-2010) when the city’s budget is not adequate (lack 849 billion), the central government will have to give its support to the city. In later periods, the city will be able to manage on its 87 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance own in terms of investment. Investment from the private sector and enterprises reaches 223,504 billion, accounting for 84% of the total investment capital, but the mobilized capital is only about 179,288 billion (80.2% of the demand), so the rest will have to be mobilized from bank loans. 4. DRIVERS OF DEVELOPMENT AND KEY ASSUMPTIONS - Estimates about the investment resources and demand will be based on the 3rd economic growth option in the Master plan on developing Can Tho’s socio-economy 2006-2020. This is the option chosen in the Master plan. - The central policies and resolutions which aim at creating a preferential mechanism for a city under central control will be quickly implemented in the early stage (2006-2010) of designing the city’s Development strategy - The development and regional link of Cuu Long River Delta have remained positive over the past years 4.1. Main drivers for development - With the advantageous geographical location as the gate of Cuu Long River Delta, the City has natural advantage to become the regional center. - The City has historically features of an urban (even in the colonial time, Can Tho had been seen as the capital of the West of Cuu Long River Delta). Therefore, its socio- economic infrastructure has more developed relative to other neighbor provinces and urban life style has been shaped. - Higher per capita average income relative to that of other neighbor provinces is an advantage to stimulus production, service and consumption and brings about great potential for higher revenue mobilization to the City’s budget. - Being decided by the Government as a central city, the City is able to enjoy various preferential regulations and stronger managerial decentralization. Thank for that, the City has higher autonomy in designing and implementing its own development policies. 4.2. Assumptions In order to reach aforementioned financial objectives, the following assumptions should be satisfied. - The state organization has been made more efficient, effective, open, transparent, democratic and responsive to the public demand for services and enterprises’ demand for investment support. - The state budget will be efficiently managed, focusing on prioritized long-term and medium-term strategies to finish the on-going construction works, avoid the situation of scattering investment, allocate and supervise investment. - Implement policies and mechanism designed for a city under central control, carry out Enterprise Law and Investment Law and adjust policies and mechanism to attract, encourage and facilitate investment within the rights and functions of a city under central control, lay the foundation to implement important central and ODA projects in the city. - The role of public investment has clearly been defined as focusing on developing the socio-economic infrastructure, dealing with social problems and environment, encouraging private sector’s investment in production and business. Private investment is focused on providing public services. - Indirect investment channels through the banking and financial system are strongly 88 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance developed to meet agencies and enterprises’ demand for capital. - The supervisory role of the city’s People’s Council is strengthened to ensure that financial resources are reasonably and efficiently allocated and used. 5. DEVELOPMENT PRE-REQUISITES FOR THIS THEME The financial resource mobilization objectives can be met as long as the following prerequisites are satisfied: 5.1. On infrastructure system: - Important construction works committed by the Central government in the City (Can Tho bridge, Cai Cui port, Tra Noc airport, National road 1, etc.) should be put into operation on time as planned, since those facilities are seen as backbone of the City’s infrastructure network and leverage for growth of various sectors in the City. 5.2. On financial mechanism: o The central government should provide counterpart fund for ODA projects in the City as committed. o Preferential policies and mechanism for a city under central control specified in Resolution 45 of the Politburo, Decision of the Prime Minister on developing socio-economy of Cuu Long River Delta in 2006-2010, Decision 42/2006/QD-TTg of the Prime Minister on some preferential budget and financial mechanisms for Can Tho should be promptly implemented in the coming years. 5.3. On the City’s human resource: The City’s human resources should be quipped with skills, knowledge and working disciplines that meet investors’ requirements. This should be considered crucial conditions, determining attractiveness of the City’s investment climate. - On the City governance: o The City government should be simplified, effective and efficient, business- friendly and responsive to service delivery to citizens. o Administrative agencies are well coordinated vertically and horizontally. - On the development of banking and financial sector: The City’s banking and financial sector should be highly competitive and adequately satisfy funding demand of enterprises and individuals. - On the inter-regional coordination mechanism between Can Tho and other Cuu Long River Delta provinces: The partnership mechanism between the City and other provinces in Cuu Long River Delta should be already built based on the mutually beneficial principle and each province’s comparative advantages. 6. PROBLEMS AND ISSUES - Although the city has great potentials in capital mobilization, it is of lower level than other cities under central control (small scale economy, low level of industrialization and urbanization, high poverty rate and many unsolved social problems), so the current mobilization rate is still low. - The demand for investment to turn Can Tho into the Delta’s central city is very high putting a lot of pressure on exploiting financial resources. Without high determination of the city’s leaders in allocating investment capital to prioritized sectors clearly and transparently, the city will easily fall into the situation of scattering capital and then shortage of capital to finish its construction works like what has happened to other cities. 89 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - The city’s management level hasn’t been able to meet the development requirements. The process of planning and managing planning, urban areas and land is still slow and inefficient leading to loss of confidence in investors. Administrative procedures in attracting investment are still cumbersome; the inter-sectoral coordination is still weak leading to imperfect investment environment. - The human resource’s quality, technical skills, professionalism and labor discipline still show weaknesses. - The socio-economic infrastructure is till weak and not synchronous. Especially, the construction works consisting of roads, ports, airports, etc. are slowly completed. - Some resource mobilization mechanisms haven’t been put into practice. The city lacks practical experience (in issuing construction bonds, socializing investment and calling for BOT projects, etc.) 7. PRIORITIES FOR ACTION AND OPTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION 7.1. Efficient use of state budget as a leverage to stimulate other resources - Investment from the budget only focuses on sectors in which it is impossible to attract private investment (such as planning, making plans, developing infrastructure, dealing with poverty and hunger, developing human resources and administration reforms). - Implement public finance management reforms to attach the socio-economic development plan with the budget allocation plan and make sure that the budget is used in accordance with the prioritized objectives. Promote the transparency, openness and participation in budget supervision to increase the management efficiency and reduce wastes. 7.2. Promoting delegation of power to exploit other potential resources - Quickly implement Decision 42 on preferential financial mechanisms for Can Tho as follows; In terms of support from the state budget: o Use the central budget to support the city’s budget to implement important national projects in the city. o Use capital from national bonds, ODA and non-refundable aid to invest in the city’s important infrastructure works. o Allow the city to use 30% of the difference between its budget revenue and expenditure, 70% of the rest should be allocated from the central budget back to the city. In terms of policies to mobilize other financial sources o Issue municipal bonds, construction bonds and borrow capital from the state to implement planning. o Mobilize loans from outside the country to develop the city’s infrastructure. o Use revenue from land for the city’s socio-economic development. o The city should be allowed to receive non-refundable aid regardless of its scale. - Other proposals: o Promote the delegation of power in investment allowing the city to promulgate policies and mechanisms to attract FDI and domestic investment, specifically allowing the city to approve FDI projects of up to 40 million USD. 90 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance o Allow the city to take part in bidding land to build designated construction works. o Allow the city to make joint-ventures with foreign partners in building residential and urban areas and doing business. o Allow the city to set up its stock exchange and international market for goods with agriculture and fisheries product transaction areas. o Increase the city’s budget by asking the government to give it a higher share of the budget revenue collected in the city. 7.3. Continue to improve the investment environment and issue specific policies and mechanism to mobilize private capital in the city - Continue administration reforms, tackle basic weaknesses related to the local government capacity in the city’s investment environment o Improve the local officers’ qualifications, apply computer technology in management. o Review the functions and obligations of state agencies, develop an efficient coordination mechanism, simplify administrative procedures, and increase the responsibility, efficiency and effectiveness of the local government organization. o Delegate power to districts so that they can carry out “one door� mechanism in some state management sectors. o Implement delegation in administration and budget management. Attach responsibilities with financial delegation and staff organization (give autonomy to administrative and public service units, expand budget revenue sources at the district level ranging from land use fee, administrative fines and corporate taxes, etc.). - Develop policies and mechanisms to attract private investment to sectors which used to rely completely on the state budget. o Allow the application of BOT, BT and BTO and other forms of investment to projects with great ability to have returns on investment. o Develop specific policies and mechanisms for new urban areas and industrial clusters such as land policies (exchange land for infrastructure) and mobilize capital (by issuing municipal bonds and setting up urban development fund). o Design policies to attract investment on infrastructure, business and economic activities in sectors where the city has comparative advantage. The city will support these activities by developing price subsidy policies in resettlement, leasing land in the long-term, supplying and training labor, building accommodation for construction workers, facilitating investors and promoting investment, etc., especially prioritizing domestic investment. o Socialize and give autonomy to public service providers, encourage people to take part in infrastructure development programs such as roads, environment, culture and health care programs. o Carry out the “seven-ready policy� in mobilizing capital: get ready in terms of (i) information, (ii) land, (iii) labor, (iv) telecommunications, (v) transportation, (vi) electricity and water, and (vii) accommodation for workers and give support in the fields of capital and taxes. 7.4. Promote inter-region cooperation to support each other in development - The central government should develop Cuu Long River Delta Master Plan soon, 91 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance especially paying attention to the rectangle of Can Tho – Ca Mau – Kien Giang – An Giang. - Cooperate with An Giang to enhance export to ASEAN countries through the border gate with Cambodia. - Cooperate with Ho Chi Minh City and other big cities all over the country in producing domestic goods, exports and high-tech goods. - Cooperate with other provinces in the region to collect agricultural products for the processing industry, invest in production materials for the whole region and develop tourism. 92 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance THEME 6 - URBAN GOVERNANCE AND INSTITUTIONS 1. EXISTING SITUATION 1.1. Administrative Structure of City 1.1.1. Organizational structure CAN THO CITY PEOPLE’S COMMITTE ALL LEVELS OF AUTHORITY DISTRICTS AND TOWNS - Department of Planning and Investment - Ninh Kieu Dist People’s - Depatment of Finance Committee - Department of Industry - Binh Thuy Dist People’s - Department of Construction Committee - Department of Trade - Department of Tourism - Mon Dist People’s Committee - Department of Transport and Public Work - Cai Rang Dist People’s - Depart of Agriculture and Rural Committee Development - Phong Dien Phong Dien - Dept of Home Affaires People’s Committee - Dept of Culture and Information - Vinh Thach Town People’s - Dept of Sport Committee - Dept of Natural Resources and Environment - Dept of Justice - Thot Not Town People’s - Dept of Health Committee - Depart of Education and Training - Co Do Town People’s - Dept of Labor and Social Welfare Committee - Dept of Science and Technology - Dept of Foreign Affaires - Dept of Post and Telecommunication - Administrative Reforms Steering Committee - Committee of Population, Family and Children - Inspector - Division of Deligion- Race - Management Board of Export, Processing and industry Zones - State Treasury - Institute of Architecture, Urban and Rural Planning - Bureau of Statistic - Dept of Tax - Dept of Custom - City Police 93 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 1 - URBANIZATION PROCESS MANIFESTED BY THE EXPANSION OF ADMINISTRATIVE BOUNDARY LEGEND: Can Tho city now (belongs to the central government) Urban wards Communes Townlets New townlets etablished since 2007 (*) Current border between ward and commune (*) Current border between urban district and rural district Before 2004, Can Tho city (belonged to Can Tho province) Urban wards before 2004 Communes before 2004 Previous border of Can Tho city before 2004 National road River, canal Note: (*): Townlets established since 2007, wards and coummnes adjusted the border in 2007, have not shown the borders exactly yet. ◘(With reference to administrative maps, Decree on Administrative border amendment) - Before 2004, Can Tho city had belonged to Can Tho province with the equivalent size of 02 districts as compared to the actual state, it included 15 wards and 7 communes. - In 2004, the administrative border was enlarged, Can Tho belonged to the central government with 30 wards located in 4 urban districts and 33 communes and 4 townlets located in 4 rural districts. Urbanization process tends to develop along Hau river. 03 rural districts have townlets playing their central role except Phong Dien. - Since 2007, Phong Dien townlet has been established, belonging to Phong Dien district (separating from a part of square and population of Nhon Ai district), Vinh Thanh townlet has been established, belonging to Vinh Thanh district (separating from a part of square and population of Thanh Quoi and Thanh My communes). An Binh ward is divided into An Binh ward and An Khanh ward, Chau Van Liem is divided into Chau Van Liem ward and Thoi Hoa ward. - Now, the city has 71 wards and communes, including 32 wards, 33 communes and 6 townlets. 94 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 1.1.2. Functions and Tasks - Can Tho city people’s committee: Being an executive agency of people council, a state administrative agency at local level, Can Tho city people’s committee elected by People Council have responsibilities to people council and higher state agencies. People council and City people’s committee are combined to be a local government. City people committee has responsibility for obeying National constitution, justice, legal documents and resolutions of people council to ensure that state polices, socio-economic development measures will be carried out, security and defence issues to be strengthened and others. - All levels of authority: These are agencies assist City people’s committee to implement state management and some tasks required by their upper level as well as regulated in law, which constribute to consistent management by sector from central to city level. - The Prime Minister of the Government promulgated Decision No 22 in 2006/QD-TTG dated on 24 Jan 2006 on solving recommendations submited by individuals, organizations, and enterprises regarding to administrative procedures with the following instructions: + Department of home affairs will act as a conducting agency in association with related agencies to well promote propagranda, disseminate the Decission No 22 2006/Q§- TTG, build up plans to implement responsibilities provided by interdisciplinary teams, resolve difficulties and recommendations raised up by individuals, organizations and enterprises on administrative procedures + All city levels of authority, People’s committee of urban and rural districts and relevant central agencies at city level will receiver, solve difficulties and recommendations raised up by individuals, organizations and enterprises on adminitrative procedures in their competence and concerning fields. + City’s interdisciplinary teams will consider problems, recommendations and ask city people’s committee to review, amend, even repeal according to their capacity or submit administrative procedures that weren’t suitable with actual situation or prevent activities of production and trade to city people’s committee and government, governmental prime minister, ministries, central agencies; frequently inspect, supervise branches, levels of authorities to implement Decision dated 22 2006 and instructions by chairman of city people’s committee. 1.2. Assessment on results of administration reform of the city 1.2.1. What is administrative reform? Over the past years with the aim of enhancing the State management capacity in the condition of a socialist oriented market economy, expansion of international economic integration, the Vietnam Communist Party has worked out the strategy of administration reform in a comprehensive and bold manner. Administrative reform aims at helping to develop the State apparatus to become transparent, strong and effective so that it could well fulfill its tasks of institutionalizing the Party’s strategies and lines and organizing the State direction and management activities in a smooth way, creating favorable conditions for the development of multi-sector economy, social problem solving, consolidation of national defense and security, expansion of foreign relations and taking initiative and being active in international economic integration. This is not a simple task of the administrative reform process which requires a careful consideration and exact selection, focus on handling problems in steps to create concrete 95 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance changes in depth. Administrative reform consists of 4 areas of reform: - Reform of administrative institution - Reform of organization of administrative apparatus - Reform of administrative civil servants - Public administration reform 1.2.2. Assessment of the implementation of the City administration reforms In 2005, a large number of encouraging results of the City administration reform has been obtained, especially results in the implementation of administrative procedure reform at district, ward and small town levels. By selecting the right track with a fundamental turning point in solving the most serious problems of social economic life in core and important fields, the administration reform has made contribution to the City economic growth and social stability in 2005. a) Reform on administrative institution - The City People’s Committee has conducted decentralization in planning, land management, cadre management and a number of policies on investment attraction, public encouragement, land price, land compensation, etc and has issued the following legal documents: + Decision on issuance of action plan of the Master Program on Administration Reform period 2006-2010. + Directive on the continuousness of enhancing the implementation of administrative reform, focusing on administrative procedure reform at district and commune, ward, small town levels. + Decisions on organization (establishment of specialized agencies, affiliated administrative and non-productive units) and personnel as per authorities after the province split; issuance of regulation on functions, duties of 24/26 departments, committees, sectors of the City (the City Inspectorate and Foreign Affairs Department are waiting for the guiding Circular on regulation of functions and duties). + Now, the administrative procedures of “one shop model� are applied to licecening new enterprises. Accordingly, enterprises only need to go to Dept of Planning and Investment and business registered certification, seal and tax code will be also provided at the same time. This will reduce obstacles, time, assist them to go into operation early and stable their business and production. By now, the projects on administrative procedure reform of 23/24 departments, sectors have been approved by the City People’s Committee and 67/67 communes, wards, small towns have implemented the administration reform with “one-stop-shop� mechanism. “Receiving request and delivering results unit� have been upheld and strengthened, convenient working places arranged for organizations, citizens coming for work handling; all procedures and steps of work handling have been listed publicly. b) Reform of organization of administrative apparatus The City People’s Committee has directed to reshuffle apparatus organization at all levels as per the Government Decrees No. 171/CP and 172/CP: + Establishment of two new specialized agencies under the City People’s Committee i.e. Department of Home Affairs and Department of Post and Telemetric. 96 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance + Merger of the City Administrative Reform Committee to the Department of Home Affairs. + Establishment of divisions of 8 districts and communes. + Establishment of additional administrative and non-productive units under the City People’s Committee and under departments and sectors of districts and communes. + Currently, there are total 26 specialized agencies under the City Peoples Committee. ↑ Regarding functions and duties of specialized agencies under the City People’s Committee, the regulation on functions and duties of 24 out of 26 departments, sectors of the City has by now been issued (only two agencies i.e the City Inspectorate and Department of Foreign Affairs are waiting for the guiding Circular on regulation of functions and duties). ↑ The City People’s Committee has promulgated a new decision No. 42/QD on decentralization of management of the number of regular personnel of administrative and non-productive units accompanying the approved number of personnel for administrative and non-productive units in 2005 of 18,441 people (of which the number of personnel for administration units representing 1,516 and for administrative and non- productive representing 16,925) c) Rearrangement of the State-owned enterprises. The plan of rearranging and reforming the State-owned enterprises as per the Prime Minister decision No. 60/TTg has been continued to implemented. In 2005, 32 state-owned enterprises and units under the state-owned enterprises have been equitized; 2 state-owned enterprises have been shifted into limited Company of two members and limited company of one member; 3 state-owned enterprises have been delivered to collective of labors. d) Reform of and quality improvement of cadres and civil servants - Appointment, reappointment, rotation, resignation, dismissal of leading cadres have always been implemented in the principle of selecting capable cadres for leading positions as per stipulated procedures and orders. - Competitive examination, examination for promoting to higher grade: + For the first time, competitive examinations of civil servants at town level have been organized in according to the publicized procedures and regulation. + Competitive examinations of civil servants on probation of the City have been held with total of 252 candidates. + Examinations for selection and promoting to higher grade of 30 cases have been held (including 4 cases of civil servants on probation grade and 26 cases of civil servants and of equality grade). - Training and fostering knowledge for cadres and civil servants have been enhanced significantly both in quality and quantity; knowledge and capacity of cadres and civil servants improved; apparatus arranged sustainably; cadres placed in accordance with their professional competence, fulfilled job requirements and duties: + Organized 2 training courses on professional skills for civil servants of “receiving requests and delivering units� with total of 201 participants; organized one training course on administrative reform for teaching staff of the Political fostering center of districts and communes and 2 training courses on urban management for 274 97 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance participants. + The current state of cadres and civil servants seem to be stable. With the effort of all grades and sectors of the City, over the past years 2516 cadres and civil servants have been delegated to attend training courses (of which 56 cases attended postgraduate training, 99 cases delegated to take entry exam of master course; 74 cases delegated to the university study and 350 cases attended short training courses, 108 cases attended training courses on foreign language and informatics). + Conducted training on program of standardizing administration and informatics skills for cadres and civil servants (58 training courses for 1146 cadres and civil servants held). + 398 cases attended training courses on improvement of the State management knowledge in all grades + For training of cadres of communes, wards, and small towns: 285 cadres and civil servants at commune level have attended training courses (including courses on law at intermediate level, cultural management, budget management, land management, grassroots authority). e) Public finance reform - In respect to the mechanism of hiring by the piece on number of personnel and administrative costs, the City People’s Committee has directed the implementation of this mechanism to all the State administrative agencies since 1/1/2004. By now, 24 out of 26 departments and 4 districts have implemented the mechanism; others have been developing the plan. - In respect of implementation of financial mechanism as per the Decree No. 10/2002/N§- CP dated 16/1/2002, the City People’s Committee has by now approved the implementation plan of 9 units (of which 5 units ensure of partial costs of regular operation, 4 units ensure of total costs of regular operation); 58 units are administrative and non- productive units with revenue (of which 43 units ensure of partial costs of regular operation, 15 units ensure of total costs of regular operation). f) Problems and issues - For administration reform, administrative procedures meet with difficulties and lack of synchronization. - At the beginning period, awareness of part of cadres and civil servants have failed to concur and identify on administrative reform with “one-stop-shop� mechanism, causing limit to the implementation process in some units. - In the implementation of administration reform, a lot of agencies, units, cadres and civil servants have been indulgent, afraid of harming partial interest of units; a part of cadres and civil servants were lack of knowledge and experience in state management and failed to be dedicated, affecting to the common results of the administration reform work. - In some agencies, units and localities, there has been no clear and clarified assignment of responsibilities among different grades, sectors, causing longer duration of time and troublesome to residents. - Guiding documents by the Central, ministries and sectors were lack of and inconsistent in some important areas such as business registration, land, housing construction, etc. - Information and communication work on administration reform have failed to be good and effective. 98 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - The application of information technology to administrative management has been slow, causing partial limit toe the effectiveness of state management work at all sectors and grades. 1.3. Requirements of the 1st category City under Government control City Urban governance, particular first category city at central level must be set up on the foundation of a democratic, transparent, power, professional, modernized administration with effective operation; high quality consistent of staffs to meet requirements in the development process. Until 2010, administrative system will be reformed in accordance with demands of market economy oriented to socialist principles 2. KEY OBJECTIVES FOR DEVELOPMENT 2.1. Strategic Objectives Can Tho is a city implementing the mechanism and management form of a Category 1 City under the central management with a civilized, modern and effective management system. - To obtain positive changes, mainly in relations and settlement of administrative procedures, to enhance the capacity of socio-economic management, urban management, create a pure investment environment as a basis for attracting investment into the City’s socio-economic development. - To gradually develop urban administration system with information technology and communication, moving toward e-Government to direct the civilized and advanced urban society. 2.2. Specific objectives 2.2.1. Administrative Reform Program To continue to supplement to and make perfect of the City’s Administration Reform Program period 2004-2010 ; at the same time implement the administration reform program period 2006-2010 at large and in depth in all departments, sectors, districts, communes, especially at wards, communes, small towns leve with specific objectives as follows: • To apply ISO standard administration process to all departments, sectors. For districts, communes, wards, small towns, it requires have selection of pilot application to draw lesson learn and experience and then disseminated. • To coordinate with Vietnamese Fatherland Front to organize ‘Forum’ calling on organization, enterprises and the City people to make contribution to the administrative reform program which consists of two main parts: - Part one : to give excellent and practical initiatives, valuable experience from the domestic and abroad that are feasible to be applied to the City’s Administration Reform Program, enabling the City’s Steering Committee on Administration Reform to better fulfill its duties in the coming time. - Part two : to reflect all inappropriate issues in Administration Reform in departments, sectors, district, communes, towns, wards, small towns to the Steering Committee for reception, study and reparation, especially calling for certain and specific reflection of agencies, units, individuals that have behavior of causing troublesome or negativeness during mission implementation to timely correct or punish such cadres and civil servants. For “Forum�, a box of letter of suggestions, hot line address, and telephone of agencies in charge and website of the City Steering Committee on Administration Reform will be available, creating favourable conditions for organizations and residents to give suggestions. 99 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance • To consolidate and strengthen cadres, civil servants working at ‘one-stop-shop’ units and organize training courses on improvement of quality and skills on administration, mission ethics, public relation for cadres and civil servants, especially to develop ‘professional consciousness of civil servants in his mission service. • Make recommendations to the central government for the soon establishment of two sub-institutes of national politic and national administration in city. This will be the major center of training cadres for the whole region of Mekong river delta. • To conduct decentralization of management to districts, communes, wards, towns, small towns in line with functions and conditions of management of each localities. - To conduct decentralization from the City to districts in applying ‘one-stop-shop’ mechanism in granting of business registration permit to individual business household, construction permit, house ownership right and land use right certificate, permanent resident registration, notaries public and social policy. - To apply one-stop-shop mechanism in communes, wards in the field of housing construction, land, registered certification of birth, marriage and death. - In addition, communes, small towns may undertake a number of other fields as assigned by the City People’s Committee. • To apply informatic to administration work at management levels. • To request the City People’s Committee to approve budget for implementation of Administration Reform such as ISO standard in administration work, training, equipment, renting experts to compile curriculums on Website and communication work. • To make preliminary sum up and sum up to learn experience and to disseminate the model of good persons, good jobs ; to strictly handle negative cases, corruption cases, etc of agencies, cadres and civil servants that are denouced by organizations or individuals. 2.2.2. Implementing the level of staff on the state payroll To speed up the process of implementing mechanism of the level of staff on the state payroll and administrative costs in administrative and non-productive units as per the Government Decree, to assign the Finance Department to deploy, provide training and guidelines on development of plan to submit to the City People’s Committee for approval. - To decentralize on finance, increasing active ownership role on budget of districts, communes in running management. To study expanding district and commune revenue from usage of land fund, collection of administrative punnishment, tax collection from all types of enterprises. - To promptly reform the salary regulation. It is vital for a market economy to have an appropriate salary mechanism. Salary reform should be basic in the attitude of considering salary as a direct investment form for human, investment for socio-economic development, enabling to raise the quality of cadres, civil servants and mission. - The new salary regulation should promote Administration Reform to come into effectiveness, combining open implementation of hiring by a piece on the number of personnel and administrative costs in administrative units with the aim of increasing effectiveness of apparatus, enhancing responsibilities of cadres and civil servants, fighting against corruption in the State apparatus. - To study organizing a pilot demonstration in a number of public service centers, implementing the mechanism of hiring by a piece in some types of public services such 100 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance as urban sanitation, water supply and sewerage, greeneries, park, water for agriculture, etc. 2.2.3. Collaboration amongst agencities, grades of city To make perfect the coordinating regulation among agencies, grades of the City deserving to the City ranked class 1 under the central control mechanism 2.2.4. E-Government: To gradually develop urban administration system with information technology and communication, moving toward e-Government to direct the civilized and advanced urban society. • E-Government Definition - E-Gov is the application of information technology and communication to change the operational approach of the City authorities, enabling the City authorities to supply better public services, meeting the need of residents and enterprises, at the same time generating work demonstrator environment for civil servants. - E-Gov is also an effective tool to reduce the number of personnel of the administrative apparatus to improve the effectiveness of performance of the City authorities as well as quality of public services and through that it can bring about real benefits to citizens and enterprises, creating favorable condition for socio-economic development. - Vietnam E-Gov means “The Government could implement integration, economic development, administration reform and provide on-line public services with application of information technology and communication� • Requirements for formation of e-Gov - Administrative information is regarded as foundation for e-Gov development. - Application of information technology in the State administration first requires a group of qualified cadres. Next, to make the application to come into life, it is required to standardize the administration process because administration management in information technology connects to administrative reform. • Effectiveness of e-Government in the process of administration reform - Minimizing the duration of solving dossiers and administrative procedures - Increasing the output of the City authorities in public service provision - Standardizing demonstrator process and creating standard code system - Publicizing and making transparency of all administrative procedures - Provide sufficient information and update all citizen and enterprise services at any time, at any places - Clearing a two way information channel between the City authorities and enterprises, citizens - Maximum saving in investment – application for all administrative procedures • Parallel development of e-Gov and administrative reform In order to deploy the development of Vietnam e-Gov effectively, the attention in creating premise for the development of e-Gov in parallel with the process of implementing administrative reform is of vitality - Premise for e-Gov: development of information technology and communication, support to administrative reform and stimulate the society demand for usage of e-services 101 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Project to warding e-Gov: focus on 4 prioritized groups including construction of e-Gov foundation, increase in capacity of information access and improvement of management capacity • Measures - It is necessary to give priority to construction of information infrastructure and legal environment, computerization, development of standards on information and system architecture, database, administration software, etc. - Establishing a management information center in the City People’s Committee (equipment system, management software, etc) with the participation of leaders at all levels and supported by specialized agencies and experienced experts basing on the experience of implemented projects. - Developing the regulation on information sharing among departments, sectors through information and communication system. - Conducting a study on writing software for cadres working at ‘one-stop-shop’ units at district, commune, ward, small town level; deploying the management information system comprehensively in wards, communes of the nearest areas to timely solving the top urgent problems of residents and promoting data updating. - Making plan of training, enhancing capacity of groups of cadres on application of information in administrative management. - Closely combining with the City human resource training program, selecting appropriate objects and training program for saving and effectiveness purposes. 3. DEVELOPMENT PRE-REQUISITES FOR THIS THEME Making requests to the Government to promptly develop and promulgate the regulation of coordinating between sectors and localities within the Mekong river deltas with the aim of creating consistent special plan in the region, in which Can Tho is a development pole playing centered role in coordinating joint venture, partnership and cooperation activities to exploit the regional strength’ (abstracted from resolution No. 45-NQ/TW) 4. PROBLEMS AND ISSUES - The old management mechanism has rooted into sense of cadres working for state management agencies leading to slow changes in development of human resources, leading management group, affecting to the process of administration reform. - Infrastructure system for the application of informatics technology as well as science technology qualification of cadres and civil servants remain low, the possibility of meeting the requirements on running the more civilized and advanced urban society are extremely difficult. 5. PRIORITIES FOR ACTION AND OPTIONS FOR CONSIDERATION The city authorities for the category 1 City under the central management should be developed in the principle of a democratic, clean, strong, specialized, modern, effective and efficient administration basis; group of cadres and civil servants should have personal dignity, qualification and capacity to meet the requirements of construction and development process. By 2010, the administration system will be reformed basically in line with the requirement of management of the socialist republic oriented market economy. - Making perfection of regulations on procedures and processes of planning management, construction investment, houses, land and transport and public works. - Making perfection of project on hiring by a piece on number of personnel and 102 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance administration costs for administrative units and administrative and non-productive units as per the Government Decree. - Completing the program of human resource development for management work of the City by 2010. - Making perfection of the regulation on inter-sector coordination among related grades and sectors in the City. - Establishing the center for management information in the City People’s Committee - Comprehensively deploying the management information system at all grades of phase 1. - Deploying the program of construction and development of human resources for the City by 2010 - Developing and making perfection of legal framework on management of cadres and civil servant; reforming and making perfection of the management system. - Organizing drilling, training courses; diffusing and increasing public awareness of cadres, civil servants and to new team of residents on the content and plan of implementing the task of administrative reform. 103 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CHAPTER IV FIRST PRIORITIZED PROGRAMMES AND PROJECTS OF CAN THO CITY 104 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 1. THEME OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Industrial development priority objectives: General objectives: Exploit full advantages of interregional transportation, turn Can Tho into industry center of the Mekong river Delta Region. Detailed objectives: 1. Maintaining the development rate at about 20% per year 2. Improving the competitiveness capacity of industrial sector 3. Establishing and developing the industrial clusters, including processing zones and hi-tech zones 4. Encouraging all kind of economic sectors to participate in manufacturing investment at various scales and levels. 5. Developing strongly the industrial sector in the rural area Service and Commercial Development priority objectives: General objectives: Turn CanTho into commercial and financial hub and center of the Mekong river Delta Region; promoting the advantages of transit center and tourism service center. Detailed objectives: 1.Developing tourism quickly, to become tourism center as well as a tourist distributor center of the tourism sub-region in Western South Region and be a gate of tourism in the Mekong river. 2. Turning Can Tho into “ a ideal tourism arrival – safe – friendly� of the Mekong river Delta Region, the focal point of “Mekong Water Civilization Area� 3. Developing commercial sector to contribute to economic development of the area. 4. Developing the urban market toward modern and civic ways; broadening the commercial network in the rural area. 5. Accelerating the import-export activities through developing the export market toward multilateral; encouraging the investment in manufacturing for export 6. Encourage all kinds of the economic sectors to participate in commercial activities Agricultural Development priority objective: General Objectives: Turning Can Tho into hi-tech agricultural center, agricultural service center of the Mekong river Delta Region. Detailed objectives: 1. Building an agricultural of goods manufacturing, large scale, high level, sustain. Applying the advanced technologies to satisfy the requirements of the City and domestic market. Possessing o high competitive ability on the market, supplying hi-tech agricultural services for the Mekong river Delta Region. 2. Utilizing all of the economic sectors’ potentials; Developing and transforming household economics to the economy of farms, cooperatives and all kind of enterprises 3. Strongly promote local ability, take full advantages of external forces, continuously push up developing agriculture at rural and city areas with direction to industrialization, modernization, close combination between rural agriculture development with urban development Periods Capital source Priority Total level 1. Level of appropriateness No Name of projects/sectors demand 2006- 2011- 2016- State Local High, 2. to development for capital ODA FDI Private Average, 3 2010 2015 2020 budget budget objectives Low A. Industry I Building the Industrial zones’ infrastructure 1 Completion of Tra Noc II industrial zones' 561 250 311 x x 1 1,3,4 infrastructure 105 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 2 Completion of Hung Phu industrial zones' 798 220 289 289 x x 1 1,3,4 infrastructure 3 Complete infrastructure facilities of Thot Not 683 107 288 288 x x 1 1,3,4 center of industry - craft industry 4 Complete infrastructure facilities of O Mon 1.105 380 363 363 x x 1 1,3,4 center of industry - craft industry II Rice grinding industry 5 Advanced technology rice grinding factory 160 160 x x 1 1,2,3 6 Rice flour processing and products factory 80 80 x x 1 1,2,3 7 Advanced technology rice grinding factory 100 100 x x 1 1,2,3 III Aquaculture processing industry 285 100 185 0 8 Renovate equipments and technology at 100 100 x 1 1,2 current aquaculture processing facilities. 9 Build a new sea products processing and 185 185 x x 2 1,2,3 export plant IV Beverages and fruits, vegetables 53 0 53 0 processing industry 10 Increase quality and capacity of 02 current 30 30 x 1 1,2 plants 11 Fresh vegetable and fruit preservation 23 23 x 1 1,2,3 processing factory. 12 Renovate technology at small enterprises, 0 x 1 1,2,3,4,5 where preliminary products were made, provide for massive factories. V Cattle and poultry products processing industry 13 Focal cattle slaughter facilities 10 10 x x 1 1,2,3 14 6 focal poultry slaughter facilities 18 18 x x 1 1,2,3 15 Food cannery 75 75 x x 1 1,2,3 16 Cattle and poultry processing factory 60 60 x x 1 1,2,3 VI Foodstuff for cattle and poultry 0 0 processing industry 17 Foodstuff for fish and shrimp processing 80 80 x x 1 1,2,3 factory 106 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 18 Foodstuff for cattle and poultry processing 55 55 x x 1 1,2,3 factory VII Water and power supply industry 10000 19 Rehabilitation and construction of City's 12.745 1.160 1.585 10.000 x 1 1,2 electricity network. B. Development of trade, services and tourism I Commercial infrastructure 20 Completion and putting into operation of 03 x x x 1 3,4,6 wholesale markets in the 1st phase including rice market, aquaculture market in 2006, forestry market 2007 21 Complete and put into operation of central x x x 1 3,4,6 market at new districts and up grading and enlargement of existing markets at the same time 22 Rehabilitate, improve 2nd, 3rd class x x x 1 3,4,6 markets even eliminate temporary markets which have been seriously occupying roads and pavements. 23 Build new markets at residential areas, town x x x 1 3,4,6 lets, commune centers without market areas. II Tourism development 25 Construction of tourist service, trade centers 200 60 140 x x 1 1,2 consisting of conference halls, exhibition center, offices and apartment for rent and related services with international standard. 26 Rehabilitation of Can Tho city environment 20 5 15 x x 1 1,2 landscape 27 Build Can Tho school of tourism operations. 10 10 x x 1 1,2 28 Preservation, restoration, upgrading ancient 10 5 5 x x 1 1,2 villages and houses. C. Agriculture development I Development program of food belt 22400 8000 14400 29 Development of agricultural carriers 107 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 30 Biological technology application in 30 20 10 x x x 1 1,2,3 producing seeds for agricultural sector Project 31 Biological technology application in 30 20 10 x x x 1 1,2,3 producing clean vegetable Project 32 Human resources development Project in 10 10 x x x 1 1,2,3 the agriculture sector 33 Projects of application of quality management system in aquatic farming 35 Quality increasing of agricultural products x x x 1 1,2,3 after reaping (under National and GAP standard) III Irrigation 36 Projects of interior field irrigation building, x 1 3 flooding control at fruit tree areas, water supply and drainage for focal aquatic- farming areas. 108 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 2. THEME OF INFRATRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION Prioritized Objectives to development: 1 A good infrastructure system will contribute to improve the life quality in the urban area and the poor and the low income people will directly benefit 2 A good infrastructure is an essential assurance for the central role of Cuu Long river delta region 3 The competitiveness and attractiveness of Can Tho city will be enhanced by a good urban infrastructure and the capital sources that come from the state, the local private sector, ODA and FDI are more and more invested in Can Tho city. So that socio-economic is to be developed accordingly. 4 The natural environment in the region of Can Tho city and particularly the water environment of the rivers and streams will be noticeably improved Prioritized objective of environmental protection and management: 5 Environmental protection and a healthy life are the major objectives of the local residential community. 6 Protection of natural environment of rivers, enforcement of biodiversity 7 Sustainable development Among the number of prioritized projects need to be implemented in the field of urban infrastructure development and environment management (See the Can Tho socio- economic development plan until 2020 prepared by City people's committee), priority levels are ranked as follows: (1= High priority, 2 = Middle priority, 3= Lower priority) Periods Capital source Priority Total level 1. Level of appropriateness No Name of projects/sectors demand 2006- 2011- 2016- State Local High, 2. to development for capital ODA FDI Private Average, 2010 2015 2020 budget budget objectives 3 Low I. TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE 1. Transportation 1 Can Tho bridge (bridge and road system) 5 2008 x 1 2, 3 2 Tra Noc airport 500 2008 x x 1 2, 3 3 Cai Cui port 525 2006 x 1 3 4 Can Tho port (Hoang Dieu) 180 2006 x 1 3 5 Clear off sea gate (Dinh An or Quan x x x 1 3 Chanh Bo canal) 6 Enlargement of 91b National road (The 67 x 1 2, 3 Southern road of Hau river) 7 City bus Arrangement x x x 1 1, 5 2. Power supply 8 O Mon Thermal Electricity Plant x x x 1 2, 3 3. Water supply 109 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 9 Increase capacity of the current water 300 x x x 1 1, 3, 5, 7 plants 4. Treatment of domestic and industry wastes water 10 Sewer network and treatment station 182 x x x 1 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (Ninh Kieu, Binh Thuy) 11 Build new wastes treatment facilities 1500 x x x x x x 1 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 5. Collection and treatment of wastes, solid wastes from domestic and industry activities 12 More equipment of vans carrying wastes 500 x x x x x x 1 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 and other equipments for Urban environment company 13 Set up groups collecting wastes and x x x 1 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 managed by residents 14 Project to develop infrastructure for 1.440 x x x x 1 1,2,3 potential city (funded by WB) 6. Management of Urban and Water Environment 15 Removal of production facilities causing x x x x 1 5, 6, 7 advert impacts out of the inner area and rearrange them into industrial zones 16 Removal and resettlement of households x x x 1 5, 6, 7 living along the canals in the city 17 Establish and equip for environment x x x 1 3, 5, 6 inspectors II. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE A Education and training system 1 Learning room for compulsory education 903.198 206.220 293.111 403.867 903.198 x x 1 2 Tay Do University 15.000 15.000 0 0 15.000 x x 1 B Health care system 3 City general hospital 78.000 0 39.000 39.000 78.000 x x 1 4 Maternity hospital 19.500 0 9.750 9.750 19.500 x x 1 110 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 5 General clinic 14.040 2.340 3.900 7.800 14.040 x 3 6 Medical station 12.250 5.695 2.010 4.545 12.250 x 3 C Cultural, social system 7 City theater 22.550 11.000 3.300 8.250 22.550 x 1 8 Culture Center at districts 12.700 4.000 3.200 5.500 12.700 x 1 9 Culture cluster's children 2.320 1.400 520 400 2.320 x x 1 10 District Libraries 4.800 1.000 1.800 2.000 4.800 x 1 11 Reading room at wards and communes 3.010 1.340 835 835 3.010 x 1 12 City stadium 3.500 2.000 750 750 3.500 x 2 13 District football ground 4.290 1.700 1.050 1.540 4.290 x x 1 14 Ward and commune radio 800 500 450 150 800 x 1 111 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 3. THEME OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION 1. Objective: 1.1. Increase income, stabilize and improve living standards for poor households 1.2. Restrict the increasing speed of income gap and living standards between urban and rural area, plain and mountainous area, rich and poor household. 1.3. Ameliorate living standards; Achievement of primary targets such as: rate of residential has house, accesses to power and clean water supplies for daily activities. 1.4. Subsidize and create opportunities for the poor to approach to social services e.g. medical examination and treatment in time. 1.5. No hunger household or no return poor household and gradually reduce the number of that and nearly poor status at the lowest level. 2. Jobs creation objective: 2.1. Decrease unemployment rate, further create jobs at the suburb towns. 2.2. Maintain the number of employees, increase labor productivity 2.3. Support and help poor household to develop production, service trade 2.4. Create jobs, increase income, subsidize the expenditures relating to social services and particularly in labor export 2.5. Improve the quality of labor force, fully supply human resources for economic sectors in the industrialization and modernization process 2.6. Create favorable conditions and environment for investors 2.7. Well arrange labor force and foster labor structure transition as well as economic development structure transition 2.8. Provide information of labor market for organizations, individuals if required. Periods Capital source Priority Total level 1. Level of appropriateness No Name of projects/sectors demand 2006- 2011- 2016- State Local High, 2. to development for capital ODA FDI Private Average, 2010 2015 2020 budget budget objectives 3 Low 1 Vocational training linked with jobs 520.000 140.000 180.000 200.000 x x x 1 2.1 ;1.1 ;2.5 creation 2 Labor export 77.000 22.000 25.000 30.000 x x x 1 2.4 ;1.1 ;2.6 3 Preferential credit 38.000 10.000 13.000 15.000 x x 1 1.3 ;1.2 ;2.3 4 Heath care assistance 137.000 42.000 45.000 50.000 x x x 1 1.4 ;1.2 ;1.1 5 Education assistance 48.000 14.000 16.000 18.000 x x x 1 1.4 ;1.2 ;1.1 6 House, power, water assistance 180.787 55.787 60.000 65.000 x x x 1 1.3 ;1.2 ;1.1 112 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 4. THEME OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT General objectives: Develop Can Tho to be come a central position of training high quality human resources for the whole Cuu Long river Delta and effectively solve the surplus labour particular in agriculture sector due to urbanization process. Specific objectives: Can Tho city have its full conditions and attractiveness to provide skilled, trained labour force for its own demands and Cuu Long river Delta Region to achieve the planned goals Promote the central role of region with strong advantages of agricultural production that hi-tech agriculture should be developed and effectively solve surplus labour particular agricultural labour due to urbanization process Periods Capital source Priority Total level 1. Level of appropriateness No Name of projects/sectors demand 2006- 2011- 2016- State Local High, 2. to development for capital ODA FDI Private Average, 2010 2015 2020 budget budget objectives 3 Low 1 Enlarge and upgrade the Can Tho 1 1+2 University so as to reach the National focus standard with multi faculties 2 Construction of vocational training school 4.000 1.500 2.500 0 x x x 1 1+2 at Cai Rang, O Mon district and other primary schools at 4 districts and at Thot Not town let 3 Implement the 1st phase of hi-tech parks 325.000 75.000 250.000 0 x x x 1 1+2 (Industry, Agriculture) 113 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 5. THEME OF URBAN GOVERNANCE AND INSTITUTION General objective: Can Tho city is being operated by the management and execution of an urban governance equipvelant to the city ranked at the1st class depends on the central government with civilized, modern and effecient management system. Specific objective: Carry out active changes, solve administrative procedures, strengthen socio-economic, urban management capacity, create clean investment environment, prepare initial foundation for appealing to investment resources of socio-economic development (1) Step by step develop urban administration management system by informatics technology and telecommunication, tend to set up an electronic government that can execute modern, civilized society (2) Periods Capital source Priority Total level 1. Level of appropriateness No Name of projects/sectors demand 2011- 2016- State Local High, 2. to development for capital 2006-2010 2015 2020 budget budget ODA FDI Private Average, objectives 3 Low 1 Set up training courses, mid carrer x 1 1 training and inform and record plans, responsibilities of administrative innovation for the contingent of cadres and civic groups at wards. 2 Complete the regulations of the procedure x 1 1 order, the progress of planning management, construction investment, house, land, public transportation. 3 Complete the payment projects for fixed x 1 1 workforce at the state owned enterprises and administrative expenditure management by the Decisions of the Government. 4 Implement the decentralization process 1 1 for district, town, ward, commune, townlet in accordant within their respective jurisdictions and conditions. 5 Apply in administrative management 1 1 process by ISO standard for departments, boards and sectors. 114 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 6 Organize training courses to improve 1 1 quality and skills on administrative procedures, morality in works and public relation for the body of cadres. 7 Finish the human resources development x 1 1+2 program of management works toward 2010 8 Finalize cooperative regulations among x 1 1 levels of relative authority in the city 9 Implement lump sum patterns for certain 1 1 public services 115 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CHAPTER V ACTION PLANS 116 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 1. THEME 1: ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Implement- Management No Action Related Agencies ation date Agencies 1 2007 - 2008 Complete infrastructure construction PMU of PC of rural districts, for major industrial – craft industrial Industrial private enterprises, zones in the city such as: Tra Noc II, Zones Dept of Planning and Hung Phu, Thot Not va O Mon, create Investment (DPI), an attractive environment for Dept of External investors. Affaires (DEA), Dept of Industry (DoI) 2 2007 - 2008 Key industrial sectors should be DPI PMU of Industrial developed, which push up agricultural Zones, PC of rural development with important role in districts, DEA, DoI region such as: Grinding industry and rice processing, aquaculture processing, focal cattle and poultry slaughter facilities, and advanced food processing facilities, collecting and preliminary processed agricultural products facilities in rural area. Mechanism, priority investment policy should be given in this field 3 2007 - 2008 Up grade market system and public Dept of Trade PC of all levels commercial services particular at & Tourism wholesale markets (DTT) 4 2007 - 2008 Improve material facilities for tourist DTS Enterprises/DPI service in the city area such as: Hotels, conference hall, exhibition center, international standard offices 5 2007 - 2008 Rehabilitation of Can Tho landscape Urban Dept of Construction environment: trees planting along Construction (DoC)/ Consultations/ streets Company PC of Wards 6 2007 - 2008 Rehabilitate Can Tho city landscape DoC PC of environment: the front of buildings at Districts/Wards/Resid streets ential Community 7 2007 - 2008 Establish school of Can Tho tourism. DTT Ministry of Trade (MoT)/ Ministry of Education & Training (MoET) 8 2007 - 2008 Develop food stuff security belt: Dept of PC of flower, bonsai, fruit streets integrating Agriculture & Districts/Wards/Enter with tourism, breeding industry of hi Rural prises/Residential quality beef, industrial pigs, poultry Development Community and fish breeding. (DARD) 9 2007 - 2008 Apply biological technology in DARD PC of producing breeding animal and tree. Districts/Wards/Enter prises/Residential Community 10 2007 - 2008 Build up interior field irrigation system, DARD PC of cotrol flooding at fruit trees areas, Districts/Wards/Enter supply and drain off water for focal prises/Residential aquatic farming areas. Community 117 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 2. THEME 2 – INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Implementation Management No Action Related Agencies date Agencies 1 2007 - 2008 Continue to implement big Dept of Ministry of transportation projects to Transportation Transportation (MoT), make Can Tho become the (DoT) PC of Can Tho transportation node of Mekong Province, DPI, State river delta region: Owned Enterprises Can Tho bride (bridge and (SOE), Joint-Stock path system) Companies (JSC) Cai Cui port Can Tho port (Hoang Dieu) Sea road clearance (Dinh An or Quan Chanh Bo canal) 2 2008 Start to study big projects: DoT MoT, PC of Can Tho - Restoration of Tra Noc Province, DPI, SOE, airport JSC - My Thuan-Can Tho Highway road - HCM city-My Tho-Can Tho Railway 3 2007-2008 Construction and maintenance DoT DPI, SOE, JSC, Private of provincial and district roads Enterprises (PE), PC of at rural district and commune Rural District and level: Commune Enlargement of National road No 91b (the southern road of Hau River) Routes in and out of urban area 4 2007-2008 Project to develop PC of City DPI, DoT, DoC, Water infrastructure for potential city Drainage&Supply, (funded by WB) Sanitation Company (WDSSC), Residential Community (Beneficiary) 5 2008 Formulate plan and design DoC DPI treatment system of wastewater and collectiion and treatment of solid wastes, recycle solid wastes in the suburban areas 6 2007-2008 Investment in water, rainwater, DPI, Private DoC, WDSSC, UEC, wastewater and solid waste sector Private Sector, PC of treatment system, in urban District & Ward and suburban areas: - Increase capacity of current water plant - Build up of new water treatment stations and rainwater and wastewater seweage - More equip dump trucks and other equipments for Urban Environment Company (UEC) 118 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 7 2008 Complete the components of DoI Sponsors, DPI, PC of the project CES of residential Districts and Wards wastewater collection and treatment for inner urban area of Can Tho city for collection and treatment of wastewater: Sewage and treatment station (Ninh Kieu, Binh Thuy) 8 2008 Establish groups of solid PC of Wards UEC, Private Sector, wastes collection in the Residential Community community 9 2007-2008 Remove production facilities DoI Dept of Natural causing harzadous impacts to Resources&Environme industry clusters nt (DNRE), DPI, PC of Districts Wards 10 2008 Survey & plan to resettle DoI PC of Can Tho City, residents living along river DPI, DoC 11 2008 Start to build O Mon Thermo DoI PC of Can Tho Electrict Plant No 1 Province, DPI 12 2007-2008 Remove floating market on DoT DoC, PC of Wards Can Tho river 13 2008 City Bus arragement DoT DPI 14 2007-2008 Do new researches on urban DNRE City Center of environment to make plans of Environment, building urban infrastructure Consultations, WDSSC and environment management 119 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 3. THEME 3 – POVERTY ALLEVIATION Implementation Management No Action Related Agencies date Agencies 1 2007-2008 Ensure 100% of poor Dept of PC of Urban & Rural household to be issued Labor&Social Districts, Wards, certification booklet Welfare Communes (DLSW) 2 2007-2008 Ensure 100% of poor DLSW Dept of Health, Medical people to be granted Office, Health Care Medical care insurance Center card (Exemption of medical examination) 3 2007-2008 Well implement policy of DLSW Dept of exemption of tuition fee Education&Training and other contributions (DET) from poor pupils 4 2007 Provide preferential credits DLSW DPI, Bank for 8,000 poor households to develop production, other 1,000 to create jobs and 800 poor people to work abroad 5 2007 Build up of 600 houses of DLSW DoC, Construction gratitude for poor Company households being insufficient of house 6 2007 Set up vocational training DLSW Dept of courses for 3,300 rural Agriculture&Rural labor and ex-service men Development (DARD), Vocational Training Schools 7 2007-2008 Introduce and create jobs DLSW, Center DLSW, Center of Jobs, through programs and of Jobs Recruiting Organizations projects with 50% and up to of poor labor to be settled 8 2007 Train and Improve capacity DLSW DLSW of 300 staffs being in charged of poverty alleviation at local levels 9 2007-2008 Provide advices and legal DLSW Dept of Justice, Farmer assistance without Association, Women payment for poor people if Union required 10 2007-2008 Divide further branches DLSW Dept of Electricity (DoE) and install electricity meters without payment for poor people 11 2007-2008 Fall in line with water DLSW Urban Water supply network and install Drainage&Supply water meters without Company, Construction payment for poor Companies households, living near water supply network 120 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 4. THEME 4- HUMAN RESOURCES Implementation Management No Action Related Agencies date Agencies 1 2007-2008 Implementation of Can Tho DET Lines of Depts, project No 150 Divisions, Sectors 2 2007-2008 Construction of vocational DET DET, PC of Cai Rang & training schools at Cai Rang & O Mon Districts O Mon Districts 3 2007-2008 Up grade several University DET& City Educational & Training and secondary school how to Dept of E&T Facilities deserve a regional role: Can Tho University, Center of In- service University, Technical worker schools, Medical school 4 2007-2008 Making project to build two MoET MoH, City Dept of Universities at Technology Health Urban Area including: Tay Do University&Fee Paying University 5 2007-2008 Making project to build Medical MoET MoH, City Dept of University at Ninh Kieu district Health 6 2007-2008 Up grade current research Lines Research Facilities facilities and make plan to build Ministries several research institutes for Cuu Long river delta 7 2007-2008 Set up Tourism training MoET Dept of Tourism schools and its construction project 8 2007-2008 Carry out phase 1 of hi-tech DoI, DARD Research Institutes, Can park projects Tho University (Industry&Agriculture) 121 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 5. THEME 5 - FINANCIAL RESOURCES Implementation Management No Action Related Agencies date Agencies 1 2007-2008 I. Renovate public finance regime: Leaders of PC Depts involved Establishment of a task force group of City Organizations, that is managed by leader from city Dept of Unions, people’s committee have Finance, DPI Associations responsibility to develop City’s (with the role Governance from financial management reform with of a all levels all works are presided over by consultation Enterprise Department of Finance Unit) Community Propose a technical support project Sponsors (if any) of financial management reform to sponsors. Set up specific reform program to focus on renovating planning work and budget allocation and increasing cooperation among stakeholders Consult the stakeholders about City’s financial management reform program prior to submitting to city leader for approval. Organize mid carrier training courses to raise awareness of planning and state budget allocation renovation Visit and survey pilot renovation models at other places Implement pilot planning and budget model at some departments, levels, selected places 2 2007-2008 II. Carry out preferential finance Leaders of PC Depts, Divisions, policies under the Decision 42: of City Sectors of Propose, canvass central - DoF (with Province government for early implementing the role of a preferential policies for city under consultation the Decision 42. Unit) Based on the reformed program, preferential finance mechanisms should be set up under the Decision 42 Assign specific responsibilities for departments and sectors to implement preferential policies. Set up controlling and monitoring regime of preferential financial policies. 122 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 3 2007-2008 III. Implementation of administrative Leaders of PC Depts, Divisions, reform of City Sectors of Review administrative procedures Dept of Home Province, that cause limitations in term of Affaire Organizations, investment attraction. DPI Unions Establish program and Enterprises administrative reform map road in Enterprise line with public financial Community, management reform program. Identify functions, tasks for administrative units and clearly separate function of public providing service. Continue to implement administrative reform (perfect “one shop model�, decentralize for urban and rural districts, provide more power for state administrative institutions…). Set up monitoring mechanism; make reports upon administrative reform situation at each institution. Establish dialogue forum between enterprises and authorities to lure their participation in decision making process of investment attraction with city governance. Study investment attraction policies from other provinces to draw up policies in consistent with city state. Continue to implement city‘s administrative reform progress. Administrative reform activities should be expanded in other fields, levels. Socialize some of public services and provide authority for administrative institutions. Open courses, mid carrier training classes to improve skills for staffs. Capacity research, set up evaluation system at state agencies and staffs Study capacity to evaluation system of public service. Assess, perfect, supplement proposed investment attraction policies. 123 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 4 2007-2008 IV. Co-operate with provinces in PC of City DoF & others Cuu Long river delta in the fields of DPI DPI, DoF & others production, processing, trade development, tourism Set up dialogue forum to exchange information and create interregional cooperation. Proactively propose the establishment of a committee of interregional cooperation with the involvement of leaders from Cuu Long river delta. Support “Committee of Interregional Co-operation� to make cooperative mechanism 124 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 6. THEME 6 – URBAN GOVERNANCE Implementation Management No Action Related Agencies date Agencies 1 2007 Making perfection of plans on Dept of Home Dept of Home Affaire missions received by inter-sector Affaire task force groups, solve difficulties in administrative procedures in the Decision 22/2006/QD-TTG of the Prime Minister of the Government from individuals, organizations and enterprises 2 2007 Apply “one stop shop model� in PC of City DPI licensing enterprises to put into operation, stabilize their business and production by reducing inconveniences and time 3 2007 Making perfection of regulations PC of City PC of Communes, Wards on procedures and processes of planning management, construction investment, houses, land and transport and public works. 5 2007 Completing the program of human Dept of Home Depts, Divisions, Sectors, resource development for Affaire in PC of Urban and Rural management work of the City by association with Districts, Wards, Communes 2010. Committee of Party & Political schools 6 2007-2008 Apply informatic technology in Depts, Senior Experts from administrative management at all Divisions, Professional Agencies levels at wel matched maner Sectors, PC of Urban and Rural Districts, Wards, Communes 7 2007-2008 Establishing the center for PC of City Leaders of all levels, senior management information in the experts from professional City People’s Committee agencies (Equipments, management soft ware) 125 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CHAPTER VI MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORKS 126 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 1. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Quickly develop the economy, increase GDP per capita by good average level and the HDI reach higher number Existing Objective Objective Objective Orientation status toward toward toward 2005 2010 2015 2020 GDP structure (at constant 1994 price) + Agriculture, Forestry, 19,89% 10,2%- 3,2%- Aquaculture 10,65% 3,98% + Industry, Construction 34,25% 44,33%- 50,05%- Economic 48,48% 58,2% structure t ends + Trade and Service 45,86% 41,32%- 38,6%- to industry- 45,03% 45,97% trade, service - Average GDP growth rate 15,78% 15,94- 16,53- 17,54-19% and hi-tech per year in the period (2004- 16,42% 17,73% agriculture 2005) + Agriculture, Forestry 8,46% 2,7-2,8 4,5-4,9 3,3-4,2 + Aquaculture 11,5-12,7 8,1-8,8 10,2-10,5 + Industry, Construction 20,79% 19,5-22,3 18,7-20,8 18,6-20,9 + Trade and Service 15,58% 22,5% 20,5% 22,0% GDP per capita increases (USD-1994 prices) 681 1191-1326 4385-5243 Human development index increases 0,739 0,852- 0,8-0,806 0,894- 0,863 0,908 Develop economic, eco-tourist clusters and zones, hi-tech agriculture zones, reinforce economic structure, push up the development speed after 2005. Existing Objective Objective Objective Orientation status toward toward toward 2005 2010 2015 2020 Industry - Average increase of 17,4% 20,0% per 20,6% 19,3% per industrial production per year year per year year - Laborers in industry and 59.000 76.500 96.800 126.500 handicraft industry people people people people Tourism - Total number of tourist 461.500 907.000 3.956.000 people people people - Tourism GDP 386 billion 793 billion 8.511 billion VND VND VND Transport service: + Volume 505 billion 1.086 billion 7.970 billion VND VND per VND per year year Trade – import export 826 billion 1.395 billion 4.766 billion Trade and + Added value of sector VND VND VND service + Export value per person 324 USD 609 USD 3.517 USD Banking + Capital resource by 13.193 billion 37.342 414.379 current prices VND billion VND billion VND + outstanding debt 7.693 billion 13.297 56.172 (Compared prices) VND billion VND billion VND Hi-tech Development of Hi-tech Average increase of 5,5% per year in the period 2006 - agriculture agriculture 2010, 6,2% in 2011-2015 and 6,5% in 2016- 2020 Husbandry GDP growth rate: 9,5% per year Aquaculture GDP growth rate: 9 - 11% per year 127 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 2. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK OF URBAN INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION Current Objectives Objectives Objectives Orientation situation toward toward toward in 2005 2010 2015 2020 I. Develop urban technical infrastructure 1.1. Urban - International airport, Under 0.5 1.0 1.0 transportation million passengers per constructi year on - Can Tho bridge Under construction Operation - Port system, million Under 3.0 5.0 tones per year constructi on - Increase road density, 0.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 km/km2 1.2. Electricity - O Mon thermal power Under 600 1350 supply plant, MW constructi on 1.3. Water - Total capacity, 1000 120 200 300 400 supply m3 per day - Water consumption, 70 100 150 200 litter per capita per day 1.4. Residential 0 40 90 280 and industrial wastewater treatment 1.5. Residential - Collection of wastes, 120 600 1000 2500 and industrial tones per day solid waste collection and - Treatment of wastes, 0 0 500 2500 treatment tones per day II. Social infrastructure Rate of nursery school to be reached to 93.4 100 national standard (%) Rate of kindergarten to be reached to 70 100 national standard (%) Rate of general school to be reached to 97 100 national standard Rate of schools at all levels to be equipped according to national standard Number of pupils of high schools per 238 10,000 people Children rate at learning age 74.2 Average population per medical Unit 11.417 III. Environmental protection and management 128 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 2.1. Urban - Remove enterprises Before Environme discharging hazardous 2010 nt wastes out of residential area - Enforce enterprises to treat Before hazardous wastes 2010 (wastewater, solid wastes, dust and noise) - Resettle households living Before along canals in the inner 2010 area of Can Tho city 2.2. Water - Dredge canals and ditches Regular environmen to facilitate the water flow t - Monitoring and Inspection Before of urban environment and 2010 surface water environment 129 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 3. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION Current Objectives Objectives Objectives Orientation status in toward toward toward 2020 2005 2010 2015 Social Health care service Infrastructure Rate of Commune & Ward have Medical Units 100 achieved National Standard (%) Education Rate of children of poor 90 95 100 households can go to school (%) Technical Water supply Infrastructure Rate of poor household get 34 60 80 100 access to clean water (%) Electric supply Rate of poor households to 72 80 90 100 be used electricity (%) Housing Rate of provisional houses 34,50 30 26,30 < 25 (%) Jobs Rate of unemployment (% 4.5 <4 <3 <2 Creation of labor at working age) Rate of untrained labor (%) 11.67 40 Number of labor finding 30,808 50,000 their jobs(laborer) Rate of employees in rural 82.4 84.4 area (%) Poverty Poor household rate (%) 8.3 5 <2 alleviation Poor household rate (Income under 50% of poor 3 0 0 threshold (%) 130 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 4. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK OF HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT Rapidly train skillful workers, junior and senior officials with appropriate professions; use effectively the labor force transferred from agriculture Current Objective Objective Objective Orientation situation toward toward toward 2005 2010 2015 2020 Proportion of labor in agriculture and 34.1% 27.4% 23.7% 21.7% forestry Proportion of non-agriculture labor 48.07% + Industrial labor 11.4 % 12.4% 14.4% 17.1% + Labor in service sectors 22.5% 25.2% 28.9% 33.2% Proportion of trained labor In which : 11.4% 47.7% + Workers holding degrees /certificates + Professional senior high school 25.1% graduates 21.1% + College graduates 8.8% + University graduates and post 35% graduates Proportion of agriculture labor attending courses on agriculture-aquaculture 90% stimulation Proportion of unemployed labor 11% 7.6% 5.3% 0.3% 131 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 5. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT Exploit at maximum resources from all economic sectors (state, enterprises, and the public) to increase investment capital for Can Tho’s socio-economic development. Strategy Actions Expected results (development Assessment criteria compared to objectives orientation) 1. Use efficiently - Reform the public - Plan-making process is Focused investment, the state budget finance management attached to resources avoiding scattered as a leverage to mechanism - The proportion of state investment, reducing stimulate other budget for the prioritized waste in state budget resources sectors 2. Delegate power - Implement - The number of The city has more power to the city so that preferential financial preferential mechanisms in mobilizing resources it can exploit mechanism in in accordance with through different channels other potential accordance with Decision 42 implemented such as: preferential resources Decision 42 in practice investment, exchanging - The percentage of land to infrastructure, mobilized capital through receiving loans, calling for Decision 42’s preferential foreign investment, etc. channels compared to objectives 3. Continue to - Implement - Degree of improvement Attractive investment improve administration in Provincial environment in the city investment reforms Competitiveness Index leading to higher budget environment and (PCI) revenue (through design specific - The number of staff economic promotion policies and receiving training, impacts), and reducing mechanisms to retraining and computer investment burden for the mobilize private skill state budget in sectors capital in the city - The number of ‘one which can call for private door’ centers investment implemented at different levels - The number of administrative and public service units with autonomy - Design policies - The number of projects, and mechanisms to the total amount of attract private private sector’s capital investment in sectors committed and used in which used to rely sectors calling for completely on the investment state budget - The degree of improvement in PCI 4. Enhance - Cooperate with - The number of Expanding cooperation regional other provinces in commitments, activities will enhance the cooperation to Cuu Long River agreements signed with sprawling impacts of Can support each Delta in production, other provinces. Tho to other localities other in processing, trade - The actual flow of without necessary direct development and tourism goods in the city/ the investment in the city. development city’s production capacity 132 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 6. MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK OF URBAN GOVERNMENT AND INSTITUTION Carry out active changes, solve administrative procedures, strengthen socio-economic, urban management capacity, create clean investment environment, prepare initial foundation for appealing to investment resources of socio-economic development Step by step develop urban administration management system by informatics technology and telecommunication, tend to set up an electronic government that can execute modern, civilized society No Priority implementation Criteria assessment Objectives 1 Monitor decentralized Promulgate operation regulation for Achievement of high efficiency structure levels of authority in implementation of implementation Decentralization to be implemented administrative procedures, at district, town ward, commune, especially in sectors: business town-let in accordance with their license, construction respective functions and tasks permission, land use right Co-ordination capacity among certification. agencies and all levels of authority in city. 2 Complete level of staff Financial decentralization Enhance the efficient on the state payroll and level of staff on the state payroll and operation of governmental fixed expense fixed expense for administrative apparatus, sense of administrative management responsibility of cadres and management officials and anti corruption Promote administrative reforms for better results 3 Construction of Establishment of information center Assist in administrative material facilities and at city people’s committee reforms and stimulate step by step to set up Deployment of information system to demands of electronic electronic government lower levels services 4 Train and increase Number of trained staffs City’s administrative capacity of contingent (postgraduate, university, mid career management capacity in of cadres training, short-term training. accordance with administrative Rate of staffs rate is trained at reform process, achievement standardization program of of set objectives and satisfy administrative informatics skills development needs 133 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance APPENDICES APPENDIX 1 – ASSESSEMENT OF EXISTING URBAN POVERTY SITUATION AND ANALYSING MAPS ANNEX 1.1 – RESEARCHES ON POVERTY AND JOB STATUS ANNEX 1.2 – MAPS ANALYSING AND EVALUATING URBAN POVERTY STATUS APPENDIX 2 – MAPS ANALYSING AND EVALUATING CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY APPENDIX 3 – PRIOTIZED PROJECTS AND PROGRAMMES APPENDIX 4 – CONSULTATION WITH AGENCIES AND ORGANIZATIONS APPENDIX 5 – REFERENCES/DOCUMENTS 134 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance APPENDIX 1 – ASSESSEMENT OF EXISTING URBAN POVERTY SITUATION AND ANALYSING MAPS 135 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance APPENDIX 1.1 - POVERTY ASSESSMENT IN CAN THO 1. Introduction This report synthesizes the qualitative assessment of poor households using survey results of identifying poor households in districts of the entire city conducted in the end of 2005, according to new criteria and the quantitative analysis based on poverty assessment data in Mekong river delta, the program on job creation and poverty reduction of Can Tho city in 2006-2010, other studies and information sources when consulting agencies and sectors concerned. The study team has conducted a consultation survey in Thoi Long ward, O Mon district (a ward with most poor households) and in Trung Hung commune, Vinh Thanh district (a commune with most poor households) through meetings and interviews with residents, local leaders. The study team used different methods, such as household interview, group discussion. Then the team classified the poor households and set up poverty map. In order to collect data, the team used the triangle method to analyze issues from different views, i.e. from residents, key officials and from secondary information sources. Objectives of the poverty assessment are: To update the data and investigate thoroughly the situation of poor households of Can Tho city in order to get the overview of poverty of the city and to suggest supporting solutions for implementing poverty reduction program and achieving development goal. To assess for making decisions in social service provision for citizens through social assistance programs. To analyze effectiveness of policy measures, implementing mechanism and social service provision for the poor, in order to come up with better solutions. 2. Assessment Criteria The classification for Can Tho city is based on the combination of 12 variables, criteria of poverty for assessment: • Number of members per household, • Proportion of children in the age of 6-15 years old and without school, • Proportion of the poor in the working age, • Proportion of children under 16 years old, • Proportion of elderly people, • Proportion of adult, • Proportion of HH without economic base, • Proportion of HH with temporary of without shelter, • Proportion of HH using natural water sources, • Proportion of very poor HH with income below 50% of poverty line, • Proportion of poor HH with income below poverty line. - The rate of poor households is 4.78% in Da Nang, 10.26% in Hai Phong city, 10.46% in Can Tho. This comparison is shown that Can Tho is at average level. (These figures updated in Dec 2005 and provided by Dept of social support – Ministry of Labor and social welfare). 136 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance (See the Map No. 2- Percentage of Poor Households-Appendix 1.2) - Map on rate of poor household calculated by the number of households which their income under 260.000 VND per month and person in urban area and under 200.000 VND in the rural area. The avverage percentage of the poor of whole city is 10.46%. - Rate of poor households in rural communes (27 communes with more than 10% of poor households) among which the highest percentage is in Thanh My, Thanh Quoi, Trung Hung communes (Vinh Thanh district), Co Do district and Thoi Dong, Dong Hiep, Xuan Thang, Truong Xuan communes (Co Do district). In urban wards, the percentage of poor households is lower than in rural areas. The number of poor households in the centre of Can Tho city is lowest. - Benefits for poor households are constructed: • Exemption of tuition fee and other financial contribution to schools • Free medical insurance card or certification of poor status for free medical charges. • Exemption of compulsory public days in a year • Exemption of agricultural tax • Exemption of other financial supports such as security fee, education, anti natural disaster fund, events held in local areas, association fee. • Gifts received on the occasion of Tet • Preferential loans to open business, job creation, house reparation, labor export. 3. Results a) In Thoi Long Ward – O Mon District – Can Tho City - On 21st June 2006, consultant team held consultation meeting with poor households at People’s Committee of Thoi Long Ward, O Mon district. Total number of poor households as classified by new criteria is 803 households out of the total number of 7,038 households in Thoi Long ward, accounting for 14.4%. The number of poor households in Thoi Long Ward is highest compared with other wards in Can Tho city; - Total number of households consulted is 60. Total number of ward staff and head of community organizations consulted are 4. Causes to poverty: - Majority of households have the elderly who can no longer work, high number of children, no stable job, lack of production experience, lack of capital for economic development. - Houses are normally flooding. Many households do not have permanent houses and even have to live with the other people. There are about 212 children having no possibility to go to school. - Many people have low educational background; number of laborers without stable jobs is high, mainly focusing on paddy harvesting. A number of households have chronicle sick persons or disabled persons, households with social evil persons - Many poor households who do not have land for farming and animal husbandry, unstable income. 137 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance Difficulties: - Population concentration in depression areas near canals causes flooding to houses and diseases to persons due to unfavorable natural conditions and living condition. Economic development faces a lot of difficulties, infrastructure is at low level, many households do not have access to clean water and national electricity grid, approach to science and technology is limited, people’s lives are still facing a lot of difficulties, general income is low. Poverty reduction in the ward is facing difficulties because there is no economic facility and enterprise based here. Economic condition is facing a lot of difficulties; therefore development of economic sectors is limited. (See Map 15- Thoi Long Ward – Location of poor households and current situation of infrastructure and environment sanitation – Appendix 1.2) Poor situation of infrastructure facilities at wards: - Thoi Long used to a rural commune, and has just become a ward in urban administrative unit since 2004, so urban infrastructure condition is still not good and its population distribution is like rural communes. The areas having higher topography than inner ones are located along Hau River and on the National highway No 91 where the urbanization rate is higher than communes and doesn’t suffer from flooding matters. - Population in general and poor households in particular normally live along national highway and canals, ditches for convenient circulation. Particular, poor households live next to river bank and on the Hau river and canals, ditches, some of them still locate on agricultural land; the living conditions is lower than urban residential areas. - Road: road density of ward is 0.25km/km2. This is the national road No 91 and other roads connecting central city with national road No 91 and to residential areas. Railway mostly is along canals and ditches. - Social infrastructure facilities: Market, school – kindergarten, sport center Solutions for the coming years: - Investments should be focused on basic infrastructure namely schools, clinics, markets in order to facilitate economic development for people in Thoi Long ward having access to social infrastructure. - Local government and staff should fully grasp the situation of each household and help them to benefit from central government priority policies. Information about central government policies and mechanisms should reach poor households. - Planning should be stable, does not lead to re-settlement and migration. In case migration is necessary, households should be provided with sufficient land for animal husbandry and production. Monthly allowance should be provided for poor elderly lonely households. 100% households are provided with poverty reduction book and health care insurance. Lending procedures for poor households should be simplified so that they can obtain loans for economic development and after two or three years they can pay back. - To create more jobs for residents, city governance should build new industrial zones in Thoi Long. These are opportunities for the trained laborers. b) In Trung Hung Commune – Vinh Thanh District - On 21 June 2006, consultant team held consultation meeting with poor households in People’s committee of Trung Hung commune, Vinh Thanh district. Total number of poor households as classified by new criteria is 1,140 households out of 5,278 households, accounting for 21.6%. Trung Hung commune has the highest number of 138 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance poorest households in Can Tho city; - Total number of households consulted is 91. Total number of ward’s staff and heads of community organizations is 8. Causes to poverty: - Many households do not have land for production (1,140 households), all members in the family are hired to work with low income which is not affordable to family living. They normally have low educational background; - Majority of households has the elderly, lack of laborers and has many children. They do not have stable jobs, lack of production experience, and lack of capital for economic development; - Some households have chronicle sick persons or disabled persons, some households have social evil persons. Poor households do not have access to information about state policies. Many households are still in debt of production loan due to their production failure. Long epidemic and natural disasters have made the people’s life unstable. Difficulties: - Since people tend to live along canals and rivers and depression lands and scatter in a large area, they have little access to social services and transport network. Infrastructure is still very poor, many bridges have not been constructed with concrete structure, therefore, economic development faces a lot of difficulties (785 households do not have access to clean water, 460 households without electricity). - They also have limited access to science and technology, people’s life meet difficulties, their income is very low. Many households have not received poverty reduction book. The community and social organizations have not paid proper attention. (See Map 14- Trung Hung Commune – Location of poor households and current situation of infrastructure and environment sanitation – Appendix 1.2) Poor situation of infrastructure facilities at communes: - Population in general and poor households in particular normally live along national highway and canals, ditches for convenient circulation. Particular, poor households live next to river bank and on the Hau river and canals, ditches, some of them still locate on agricultural land; the living conditions is lower than urban residential areas. - Road: asphalted road density of ward is 0.14km/km2. Railway is the most popular, there are only asphalted roads along Thot Not river. - The whole area is very easy to be flooded - Social infrastructure facilities: Market, school – kindergarten, sport center; shortage of cultural centers, post office. Solutions for coming years: - Investments should be focused on basic infrastructure namely schools, clinics, markets in order to facilitate economic development and facilitate people’s access to social infrastructure; - -Upgrading roads and small lanes, connecting electricity lines and water supply pipes to households should be done. Vocational training should go in parallel with job creation. - Loans with low interest rate are provided to poor households with duration of 2 to 3 years. Lending procedures should be simplified so that poor households can obtain 139 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance loans for economic development. - Most of households wish to establish their production facilities in the ward. Planning should be stable, no re-settlement and migration. In case migration is needed, compensation should be satisfactory. 100% households are provided with poverty reduction booklet and health care insurance. - Households should have access to information about government policies and mechanisms. For poor elderly lonely households, there should be monthly allowance. - Most of households have elderly and children, so that enterprises should be based at the areas where they live to look after their family. 4. Causes to poverty: - Capital shortage - Labor shortage - Lack of knowledge and experience in production, trading and animal husbandry - Many children - Sickness, diseases - No jobs or unstable jobs - Low income - Involving in social evil: superstition, gambling, illegal lottery. Reasons leading to gaps between the rich and the poor: - Capital and means of production shortage - Limited technical assistance - Risks in production - Limited employment opportunities 5. Assessment of poverty reduction situation (SWOT): Strengths: - Poverty reduction – job creation has become main policy of the Party and Government; - The city has achieved considerable improvements in terms of economic growth and people’s living condition; - Local authorities have concentrated financial resources on supporting newly constructed houses and repairing houses for poor households, therefore thatched cottage and bamboo houses have been abolished; - Many poverty reduction programs and projects have been implemented; - National programs, socio-economic development programs should be integrated with poverty reduction and job creation programs Weaknesses: - Responsibilities of poor households are not high, they are not bettering themselves, still depending on supporting policies of the government; - Re-division of administrative border has certain influence on poverty reduction and job creation; 140 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Large area and complex topography limit investment in infrastructure and social services network development; - Some measures to support poor households are not pro-active, still depend on higher government levels; - In 2005, there were still illiterate households and households which did not pass primary schools; - Poor households management is still weak and inaccurate, so the plans weren’t developed effectively and actually. - Identification of poor households weren’t accurate leading to a few of ones can’t get access to supporting policies. Opportunities: - Economic grows and living condition of people continues improving; - Government at all levels pay proper attention. Surveys, examinations and assessments are conducted annually; - Diversify mobilization of all social resources to directly support poor households to their home address; - Define the number of poor households to help them out of poverty; - Publicize responsibility assignment for organizations and individuals supporting poor households with concrete addresses and publicize policies supporting the poor people. Threats: - Unstable economic development, slow economic transition structure. Price of all goods increasing rapidly has influenced on people’s life; - Social evils are increasing; - Natural disasters, diseases continuously occur and last very long which seriously affect life and income. - Direct investment from state budget for poverty reduction is limited; - Number of poor households decreases but the risk to be trapped again in poverty is high since they are unemployed and have many children; 6. Evaluation of job settlement situation (SWOT): Strengths: - City continues to reform socio-economic development policies in order to facilitate production and service development for job creation; - Many job creation programs and projects have been implemented; Laborers are provided loans, introduced jobs and receive vocational training; - National and regional economies are growing at high rates, creating new jobs and promoting labor market; - Laborers’ quality receiving vocational training has increased by 15% in 2005; - Labor export has dramatically increased in 2005. Weaknesses: - Economic structure is allocated unevenly; 141 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Coordination between information of laboring market and relevant sectors is not very close; - The demand for skilled workers are higher and higher; - Quite a number of freelance workers from other provinces have come to work in the city; - The quality of urban workers is not considerably improved and they do not get familiar with industrial working style; - There are still a considerable number of law violation cases in job creation. - Lack of vocational schools system and on the job training facilities Opportunities: - As a large commercial and service centre of Mekong river delta, it provides a lot of job opportunities to workers; - Governments at all levels pay proper attention; - Diversify mobilization of all social resources to directly support laborers and poor households; - Create sound investment climate in order to attract projects within the city will surely generate more income for laborers and poor households; - Invest in formulation of vocational training centers at district level; - Disseminate the Party and government policies and regulations in mass media; - Expand partnership in order to supplement labor market; - Provide vocational training for new jobs and create chances for Can Tho laborers. Threats: - Resources mobilization for poverty reduction and job creation is lower than actual demand; - Lack of vocational training schools and in-situte training facilities; - Rapid urbanization process has led to shrinking farming land, causing labor redundancy; - Labor market develops unfavorable to local workers who are in high quantity but low quality; - There has not been a development plan for job creation projects for the people in resettlement areas for the purpose of site clearance and flooding prevention 7. Classification of poor households (See Map 13 – Poor Households Classification - Appendix 1.2) - Classification of Can Tho poor households also bases on combination of 12 variables - 12 poverty indices which were analyzed: number of persons per household, percentage of illiterate children, number of persons per laborer, percentage of children, percentage of the elderly, percentage of households without economic activities, percentage of households without houses, percentage of households using natural water resources, percentage of households without electricity, percentage of very poor households – income less than 50% of poverty line, percentage of poor households – income below poverty line; - Classification is made by integrating variables with assistance of statistical analysis technique. The major indices consist of employment, living conditions (housing, water, 142 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance and power), illiterate status, and low income. - These indices of various categories in Can Tho are differentiated; each category has its own notable index. However, there is the lowest poor category. - Poverty map which is classified into five categories will be noted (see the map herein below). The classification will be significant in order to identify most notable poverty in wards, communes, define areas with the same poverty situation to have suitable poverty reduction strategy. Poor households in wards and communes of Category 1 have better conditions (particularly all wards in Ninh Kieu district belong to this Category). Wards and communes of Category 2 have worst living conditions (in terms of housing, electricity supply, water supply). Category 3 includes wards and communes which have illiterate children. Category 4 includes unemployment households. Wards and communes of Category 5 have a large number of low income poor households. About half of the total number of wards and communes in the city belongs to this Category. - Map on poor households classification is a synthetic map of 12 poor indices. More detail information, please see the analysis maps of respective variables or total composition of three groups. • Group 1: Physical living condition is described in map of poor households classification by living condition. • Group 2: Households characteristics are described in social feature and presented in map of poor households classification by social feature. • Group 3: Income: income under poor level and 50% below poor level. This group is described by analysis maps of respective variables and synthetic classification isn’t necessary. A) Classification According to Living Condition (See Map 12 – Poor Households Classification by Living Condition- Appendix 1.2) - This is a component classification, a separate classification based on living condition, i.e. intermediate synthesis before the entire synthesis. - The living condition classification is based on only 3 variables: proportion of HH without shelter of with temporary one, proportion of HH using natural water sources (lack of clean water), proportion of HH without electricity (lack of electricity). The classification based on combination of variables is supported by statistical analysis technology. - The map of poverty classification by living condition is divided into 5 categories describing in detail kinds of deficient living conditions. - Features of each category are as follows: Category 1 includes wards, communes having few poor households in terms of living condition compared with other wards and communes; there are 22 wards, communes of category 1, most of which are in Ninh Kieu district. That means that living condition in the city center is not bad. Category 2 is households in shortage of shelter (living in temporary shelter), not in shortage of water and electricity; there are only 2 wards of Ninh Kieu district of this category. Category 3 is those in shortage of shelter and clean water; there are up to 34 wards, communes of this category. Category 4 includes wards, communes having poor household very much deprived of water. Category 5 is the shortage in all living conditions (shelter, water, electricity); but there is just one commune of this category. B) Classification According to Social Characteristics 143 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance (See Map 12B – Poor Households Classification Social Characteristics - Appendix 1.2) This is a comprehensive classification of the second parameter group, i.e. social group; this classification is also an intermediate synthesis before the entire synthesis. The social characteristic classification is based on 7 variables: average number of person in a poor HH, proportion of children, of adult, of elderly, of children without school, the number of person per one working person, proportion of HH without economic base. The classification based on combination of variables is supported by statistical analysis technology. The map of classification according to social characteristics has 5 categories. Category 1 includes wards, communes having social indicators at the average compared with other wards, communes. Category 2 has many children without school. Category 3 has high proportion of the poor in elderly age. Category 4 has a high proportion of adult, relatively many of them without economic base. Category 5 has many HH without economic base. C) Classification According to Age Group Structure of the Poor (See Map 5 – Classification by Age Group Structure of Poor People - Appendix 1.2) The average age group structure of the poor of the entire city: children 31.23%, adult 59.49%, old aged 9.28%. Most standing out from the map is that adults are concentrated in the strips along Hau river, maybe because of work opportunities there. On the contrary, children and old aged people are more on the inland of Hau river delta. This map also shows the highest number of the poor in Trung Hung village, at the same time of poor households; Thoi Long ward also has quite many poor HH. Two locations are typical for poverty study. 8. Targets 8.1. Poverty reduction target: basically eliminate poverty before 2010 - Increase income, stabilize and increase living standard for poor households; - Limit the gap in income and living conditions between urban and rural areas, between plain and mountainous areas, between rich and poor households; - Improve living conditions of the people; Reach standards in the rate of households which have houses, have access to electricity supply and clean water; - Create chances for the poor to have access to social services, poor households will receive on time health care services; - Eliminate hungry households, prevent poor households to be returned in poverty, gradually minimize poor households and households near poverty line. Criteria: - Reduce the number of poor incidents in the whole city from 10.46% in 2006 to 5% by 2010; - Provide loans with low interest rate for 70,000 poor households and households near poverty line; - 100% of communes, wards, district towns have standard clinics with full equipment and qualified staff; - Provide high quality health care services for about 482,000 poor households and households near poverty line; 144 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - At least 95% children of poor households in schooling age go to school; - 100% excellent students of poor households and households near poverty line are provided financial support to cover the cost for undergraduate and post graduate study if desired. - 100% wards, district towns have specialized staff responsible for poverty reduction who receive annual training. - 100% local newspapers, radio and television channels have their own special program on poverty reduction, 100% poor households and households near poverty line have access to poverty reduction information; 8.2. Target for job creation: - Reduce unemployment rate, increase working time in outer city districts; - Stabilize the number of laborers who have occupation, increase the working capacity of the society; - Support poor households in development of production, trade and services; - Create jobs and generate income, subsidize social services, particularly pay attention to labor export; - Improve quality of laborers to meet the demand of human resources for all economic sectors to serve the career of industrialization and modernization; - Create good environment for job creation; - Carry out proper social labor allocation and promote transition of labor structure in accordance with economic development structure of the city; - Provide information of laboring market to organizations and individuals. - Increase income, stabilize and increase living standard for poor households; - Limit the gap in income and living conditions between urban and rural areas, between plain and mountainous areas, between rich and poor households; - Improve living conditions of the people; Reach standards in the rate of households which have houses, have access to electricity supply and clean water; Create chances for the poor to have access to social services, poor households will receive on time health care services; - Eliminate hungry households, prevent poor households to be returned in poverty, gradually minimize poor households and households near poverty line. Criteria: - Reduce unemployment rate from 5.42% in 2005 to below 4% by 2010 (economic development) - Annually 35,000 to 40,000 laborers receive in-situte occupations; - Increase the labour usage rate in rural areas with agriculture-forestry-fishery production from 78.93% in 2005 to 84.4% by 2010; - 5,500 laborers per year work abroad, of which about 20% have occupation before going; - Increase the rate of laborers who receive vocational training from 11.67% per annum in 2005 to 40% in 2010; organize occupation directed vocational training for at least 200,000 persons; 145 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Increase the rate of long-term training laborers from 32% to 40% compared with the total number of high school students before going to work; - Occupation consultation for 100,000 laborers per annum; - Job promotion and creation for 45,000 laborers/annum, increase successful job creation to over 70%; - 3,000 laborers are now working outside Can Tho city; - By the year 2010 at least 95% Khmer poor households who do not have farming land or shortage of farming land will be allocated 0.15 hectare of paddy land, 2 harvests per capita; - About 145,000 laborers in agriculture who belong to poor households and households near poverty line are provided with knowledge and skills for production and trading. By the year 2010, 100% communes have agriculture encouraging staff with high school level. 9. Solutions 9.1. Poverty reduction: - Strengthen direction and management and create favorable conditions for the poor to promote production and generate income; - Implement preferential credit programs for poor households and priority households, particularly poor Khmer households; - Land allocation for production purposes of poor households and ethnic minority groups will be done based on actual situation of each district. Link land allocation with agriculture, forestry and fishery encouragement and preferential credit for land users to make full use of allocated land; - There should be priority policies for basic infrastructure investment: installation of galvanometers, water meters and free dug wells. For the households in mountainous and isolated areas which do not face difficulties in water sources, support will be made for example digging the wells, constructing water tanks. Rural transport network should be developed; - Create favorable conditions for poor households to have access to healthcare services, education. Issue health care insurance, provide free medicine for poor households and exempt school fee and award scholarships to poor students. - Strengthen health care systems at grass root level, comprehensively invest in facilities for commune clinics, provide training to doctors and nurses working at grass root level; - Deduct a part of local government budget and mobilize from society to build charity houses. Assist poor households in improving their housing condition by grants, loans, lending etc. - Integrate national programs, socio-economic development programs with poverty reduction and job creation programs; - Agriculture tax exemption and land tax exemption for poor households; - Work out proper policies and solutions for households near poverty line to prevent poor households to be returned in poverty or fall below the poverty line; - Exempt school fee for students of poor households at all school levels, provide soft loans for students of poor households, provide training curricula to students in isolated areas free of charge; 146 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance - Diversify types of information and propaganda on poverty reduction, particularly visual types; 9.2. Job creation: - Reduce unemployment rate from 2.14% in 2005 to 1.8% in 2010 - Provide loans to households near poverty line and households who have experience in production and trading in order to attract laborers of poor households to generate income; - Provide loans to laborers in poor households, priority households and households near poverty line who are recruited to work abroad; - Provide loans to students in poor households who are studying in colleges and universities, vocational training; - Carry out policies to encourage agriculture, forestry and fishery; - Support vocational training. Vocational training links with job creation. Fee exemption for the disabled; - To highly socialize vocational training by encouraging domestic and international organizations to invest in vocational training schools and centers in the city; - Formulate projects to attract laborers within the city; - Develop small and medium size enterprises in communes and wards; - Enhance investment to promote and expand the scope of job promotion centers. Establish and put into effective operation the system of Job Promotion Centers in districts; - Disseminate information relating to laboring market in mass media; - Organize vocational training courses and foreign language courses (Japanese, English, and Korean etc.) for export laborers. 9.3. Assistance Policy for Ethnic Minority Group The city should decisively solve the problem of land, shelter and water for the people. Local authority should enforce effectively the policy on ethnic, exercise equality in production technologies for people and take of health care and education. Khmer language should be integrated into scientific and educational programs, television and radio programs to improve knowledge level for people. Particularly, ethnic people should be given high priority in getting credits from the Social Policy Bank; agricultural and fishery promotion should be done well and guidelines for production provided for people. At present, among Khmer farmers, there are some without or deprived of land for production, thus facing many difficulties in life. The city continues to mobilize people to work in collectives, to readjust land and establish cooperatives for all farmers to have land for cultivation. Where the population density is too high, or there is not enough land for cultivation, there should be plan of population adjustment in locality, organization of new land reclamation and development or attracting people to state farms. Khmer people should be encouraged and supported in rehabilitation and development of traditional occupations like growing mulberry, breeding silk worms, silk weaving, mate weaving, breeding cows, buffalos, salt production, fishery etc. in both forms of collective or 147 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance household economy. Residents in localities should be mobilized to help poor households; lending with high interests and dealing of young rice among Khmer people should be abolished. The movement of continuous education, illiterate eradication for people should be strengthened. Continuous education schools in places where there are many Khmer people living should be maintained, such as O Mon district (356 HH), Co Do district (644 HH). The training of Khmer officials at different levels of government and sectors should be promoted, at first those at the base. 148 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance SOLUTION FOR IMPLEMENTATION People's Committee of wards/communes should review and classify households to assist them to escape poverty and have a stable life. No Classification Current support policies Support policies in the future Capital sources I Classified by age 1.1 Children at learning age Exemption or reduction of tuition fee Exemption of tuition fee ( 6 – 17 years old) (the second child in the family will not Do not have to contribute to the construction of schools during benefit from exemption or reduction of learning process. tuition fee) Scholarships are awarded to pupils with excellent study results. Subsidy in case of a contingency At the beginning of the school year, pupils are issued stationery, Orphan can receive 100,000 VND per books and notebooks month 1.2 Students of high schools, Exemption or reduction of tuition fee Exemption of tuition fee colleges and universities Facilitate employment recommendation to increase income. (17 – 22 years old) After graduation, students will be able to get loan to settle down. 1.3 Young people at working Short term vocational training Long term vocational training in 1 to 2 years age (17 – 30 years old) Labor export Vocational training in association with job creation Getting loan for production and Households should be able to access information on labor business market 1.4 Labor at the age from 30 Getting loan for production and Training to provide knowledge and skills in agricultural to 55 years old business production, forestry and aquaculture. 1.5 Elder people over 55 Elder people living alone Monthly subsidy years old Periodical medical check Suffering from diseases and have no working ability II Classified by access to social infrastructure system 2.1 Health care Health care insurance cards are 100% of poor households are issued health care insurance cards issued. People can have medical in time. check and treatment free of charge. 100% of wards/communes have medical centers meeting Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 149 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance national standard in terms of equipments and medical officials to improve the quality of medical check and treatment. 2.2 Education Exemption or reduction of tuition fee Facilitate poor children so that 100% of them can go to school as other children Construct and restore school systems to meet national standards (sport stadiums, libraries, laboratories, botanical gardens) Construct tourism college 2.3 Markets Most of markets are small and open- Wards/communes have covered markets; poor households have air markets opportunities to develop their business III Classified by living condition 3.1 Transportation Improve roads and lanes in rural Investment in transportation system according to plan areas 3.2 Electricity Connect electricity line and install Investment in improvement of electricity cable system electric-meter free of charge 3.3 Clean water for Connect water pipes, install pump for Investment in water supply system according to plan residential use drilled wells and water-meter free of charge 3.4 Housing Construct charitable houses Getting loan to repair houses Allocate land for housing construction Resettlement Support in repairing houses IV Improving capability and awareness 4.1 Communication Communication network has not been 100% of local newspapers and radios have articles on poverty established alleviation 100% of poor households and households near poverty line are aware of information on poverty alleviation programs. Encourage all people, organizations and groups to participate in Poor People Fund. Increase the quality and effectiveness of dissemination about policies of the Communist Party and of the State on poverty alleviation, good practices and effective poverty alleviation models in local area. 4.2 Improve the capability of At present, all officials working on 100% of wards/communes and towns have official major in officials in charge of poverty alleviation are also in charge poverty alleviation poverty alleviation tasks of other tasks. Every year, officials in charge of poverty alleviation should be at different levels able to attend training courses on this issue. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 150 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance ANNEX 1.2 – MAPS ANALYSING AND ASSESSMENT OF URBAN POVERTY STATUS Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 151 advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY ☻ MAP 1 - URBANIZATION PROCESS MANIFESTED BY THE EXPANSION OF ADMINISTRATIVE BOUNDARY LEGEND: Can Tho city now (belongs to the central government) Urban wards Communes Townlets New townlets etablished since 2007 (*) Current border between ward and commune (*) Current border between urban district and rural district Before 2004, Can Tho city (belonged to Can Tho province) Urban wards before 2004 Communes before 2004 Previous border of Can Tho city before 2004 National road River, canal Note: (*): Townlets established since 2007, wards and coummnes adjusted the border in 2007, have not shown the borders exactly yet. ◘(With reference to administrative maps, Decree on Administrative border amendment) - Before 2004, Can Tho city had belonged to Can Tho province with the equivalent size of 02 districts as compared to the actual state, it included 15 wards and 7 communes. - In 2004, the administrative border was enlarged, Can Tho belonged to the central government with 30 wards located in 4 urban districts and 33 communes and 4 townlets located in 4 rural districts. Urbanization process tends to develop along Hau river. 03 rural districts have townlets playing their central role except Phong Dien. - Since 2007, Phong Dien townlet has been established, belonging to Phong Dien district (separating from a part of square and population of Nhon Ai district), Vinh Thanh townlet has been established, belonging to Vinh Thanh district (separating from a part of square and population of Thanh Quoi and Thanh My communes). An Binh ward is divided into An Binh ward and An Khanh ward, Chau Van Liem is divided into Chau Van Liem ward and Thoi Hoa ward. - Now, the city has 71 wards and communes, including 32 wards, 33 communes and 6 townlets. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 152 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 1B – POPULATION DENSITY Population density in 2003 (people/km2) National road Border of wards/communes Border of districts Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 153 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 2 - RATE OF POOR HOUSEHOLD The number of households with income lower than poverty line National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts Rivers, canals The rate of poor household in Can Tho calculated based on the number of households with income lower than poverty line (260,000 VND per capita per month in urban areas and 200,000 VND per capita per month in rural areas). The average rate of poor household in Can Tho city is 8.3%. The high rate is concentrated at communes (there are 27 communes with the rate over 10%, of which the highest rate is in Thach My, Thach Quoi, Trung Hung commune belonging to Vinh Thanh rural district, Co Do townlet and Thoi Dong, Dong Hiep, Xuan Thang, Truong Xuan belonging to Co Do rural district. At the urban wards, the poor household rate is lower than the rural areas. The least number of poor household is in the center of Can Tho city. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 154 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 3 - POOR AREAS WITH VERY LOW INCOME (VERY POOR HOUSEHOLDS) Rate of households with income lower than 50% of poverty line (%) National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts River, canal In general, the high rate of very poor households (income lower than 50% of poverty line) is concentrated at communes and wards far from the city center. Most of communes at Co Do rural district (except Thoi Hung commune) have very poor households. There are a few very poor households at the wards of Ninh Kieu, Binh Thuy and Cai Rang urban district; particularly there is no number of those in the city center. Formulation of urban development strategy is aimed at eliminating poor households. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 155 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 4 - AVERAGE NUMBER OF PEOPLE IN A POOR HOUSEHOLD Average number of people in a poor household National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts Rivers/canals Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 156 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 5 - CLASSIFICATION BY AGE GROUP STRUCTURE OF POOR PEOPLE The number of poor people and age group structure Structure Adults Children Elder people Classification by age group Adults Adults and elder people Children Children and adults Children and elder people Elder people National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts Rivers/canals Average age group structure of poor people in the whole city: percentage of children 31.23%; adults 59.49% and elder people 9.28%. The most predominant feature in this map is that adults concentrate in areas along Hau river – these are places where adults are likely to find jobs. In contrast, children and old age people live inside the Hau river delta. This map also shows the highest number of poor people as well as high rate of poor household in Trung Hung commune; There is also a very high number of poor people in Thoi Long ward. These two ward and commune are typical areas to conduct research on poverty situation. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 157 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 6 - ILLITERATE POOR CHILDREN X% of illiterate children over total number of children of poor households from 5 to 16 years old National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts River, canal Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 158 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 7 - THE NUMBER OF PEOPLE PER WORKING AGE PERSON AT RESPECTIVE POOR HOUSEHOLD Average number of people per working age person National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts River, canal Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 159 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 8 - THE RATE OF POOR HOUSEHOLDS NOT INVOLVING IN ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES Comparison between the number of poor household that doesn’t involve in economic activities and the total number (%): National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts River, canal Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 160 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 9 – INSUFFICIENT HOUSING FOR POOR HOUSEHOLDS Number of poor households live in temporary cottages and haven’t got houses as of the total number (% National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts River, canal Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 161 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 10 - POOR HOUSEHOLDS USING NATURAL WATER FOR RESIDENTIAL PURPOSES % poor household uses natural water as of the total number National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts River, canal Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 162 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 11 - POOR HOUSEHOLDS WITH NO ACCESS TO ELECTRICITY FOR LIVING ACTIVITIES % of households with no access to electricity as of the total number of poor households National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts River, canal Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 163 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 12 – POOR HOUSEHOLDS CLASSIFICATION BY LIVING CONDITIONS Poor household classification by living conditions (housing, clean water, electricity) 1. Living condition is not low; not many households are in short of living conditions (22) 2. Many households are in short of housing, not in short of clean water and electricity (2) 3. Many households in short of housing can clean water. The number of households in short of electricity is at medium level (34) 4. In serious shortage of clean water, in short of electricty at medium level, few households in short of housing (8) 5. Many households in short of all living conditions: housing, clean water, electricity (1) National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts River, canal This is integrated component classification, separated classification in term of living condition – is the medium synthesis level before final synthesis level. Classification of living condition is based on 3 variables: percentage of homeless households or households living in temporary houses (homeless), percentage of households using natural water for residential use (shortage of clean water), percentage of households having no access to electricity for residential use (shortage of electricity). Classify by using variable synthesis method with the support of statistics analysis technology. The map of poor households classified into 5 groups based on living condition describes in detail different groups of shortage in living condition. The most predominant characteristics of each group is as following: The first group includes wards/communes with lower number of households having insufficient living condition compared to other groups; there are 22 wards/communes in this first group, particularly most of wards in Ninh Kieu district belong to this group showing that living condition of poor people in the central of the city is not very low. The second group includes households who are not in short of water and electricity but in short of housing (living in temporary houses); only 2 wards of Ninh Kieu district belong to this group. The third group is in short of housing and clean water; 34 wards/communes are in this group. The fourth group includes wards/communes with poor households in serious shortage of clean water. The fifth group includes wards/communes in short of all living conditions (housing, clean water, electricity) but only one commune belongs to this group. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 164 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 12B – POOR HOUSEHOLDS CLASSIFICATION BY SOCIAL CHARACTERISTICS Poor households classification by social characteristics 1. Most of social indices are at medium level (55) 2. Many uneducated children (6) 3. Percentage of elder people is the highest compared to other wards/communes (2) 4. Pecentage of adult is the highest, many households are not involved in economic activities (2) 5. Many households are not involved in economic activities (2) National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts River, canal This is integrated classification by the second group of indices which is social characteristics. This classification is also intermediate classification before coming to completed classification. Classification by social characteristics is based on 7 variables: the average number of people in a poor household, percentage of children, percentage of adults, percentage of elder people, percentage of uneducated children, the number of people per laborer, percentage of households not involved in economic activities. Variable integrated classification is supported by statistic analysis technology. There are 5 groups of poor households classified by social characteristics which are shown in the map. The most predominant features of these groups are as following: The first group include wards/communes with most of social indices at medium level compared to other wards/communes. In the second group, there are many uneducated children. In the third group, the percentage of poor people at old age is higher than other places. In the forth group, the percentage of adults is quite high and many households are not involved in economic activities. In the fifth group, many households are not involved in economic activities. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 165 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 13 – POOR HOUSEHOLDS CLASSIFICATION ◘ Poor household classification by poverty index integration method 1. Better living conditions. Many indices are not so disadvantegeous. (20) 2. The worst living conditions. In short of housing, clean water, electricity (5) 3. Many illeterate children (4) 4. In short of employment. Many poor households not involved in economic activities (2) 5. Low income. Many households have low and very low income (36) National road Border of wards/communes Border of urban and rural districts River canal The classification of Can Tho city is based on 12 variables – 12 indices including: Number of people per household, rate of illiterate children, number of people per a working age person, children, adults, old age people, number of poor household doesn’t involve in economic activities, number of households don’t have their own house, the rate of households use natural water, rate of households haven’t been accessed to power, rate of very poor households with their income under 50% of poor level, rate of poor households with their income under the poor level. Groups of poor households of Can Tho are clearly diffirent from each other in term of these indices, each group has a different predominant poor index; there is a group which is in better living condition than other groups. This map presents the above 5 groups (see the map). Owing to this classification, poor status will be found at the wards, communes and areas with similar poor status will be identified, which assist in building poverty alleviation strategies. Poor households in the first group are in better condition than other groups (particularly all wards in Ninh Kieu district belong to this group). The worst living conditions (in term of housing, electricity and clean water) are in wards/communes of the second group. The third group includes wards/communes with many illiterate children. The forth group include wards/communes in short of employment. In wards/communes of the fifth group, there are many poor households with low income. This group accounts for more than 50% of total number of wards/communes in the city. Map of poor households classification integrates 12 poor indices which are analyzed based on data provided by the city. However, for more detail, see maps of each variable analysis or maps of component integrated analysis including 3 groups: - Group 1: Physical living conditions shown in Map of poor households classification by living conditions - Group 2: Social characteristics showing characteristics of households and society shown in Map of poor households classification by social characteristics - Group 3: Income: income below poverty threshold and below 50% of poverty threshold. This group has been described by maps analyzing each variable without integrated calssificaton. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 166 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY – TRUNG HUNG COMMUNE MAP 14 – LOCATION OF POOR HOUSEHOLDS AND CURRENT SITUATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND ENVIRONMENT SANITATION Trung Nhat commune Trung An commune Thanh Loc commune Trung Thanh commune Thot Not river Thanh Phu commune Thoi Hung commune Location of Trung Hung commune in Can Tho city and focal residential area in the commune LEGEND schools, kindergarden Location of poor households Market Asphalt roads Rivers, canals Residential land in rural area Health care centers Soil roads Headquarter of People’s Committee Religious sites (temples, pagodas…) Clean water supply station Flood prone area: the whole area of Trung Hung commune Border of Trung Hung commune In the populated area of the commune, the quality of infrastructure is very low: - People in general and poor households in particular usually concentrate along roads and canals which is convenient for water transportation. However, there are poor households living scatterly in paddy fields out of residential areas; therefore, their living condition is lower than in residential areas. - Roads: the density of asphalt roads in the whole commune is 0.14km/km2. Most of roads are constructed with soil, asphalt roads are only constructed along Thot Not river. - The whole commune is flood prone area in rainny season. - Social infrastructure: there are health care units, schools-kindergarden; in short of cultural works, post office Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of 167 World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY – THOI LONG WARD MAP 15 - LOCATION OF POOR HOUSEHOLDS AND CURRENT SITUATION OF INFRASTRUCTURE AND ENVIRONMENT SANITATION Hau river Thuan Hung commune Thoi An ward Thoi Hung commune Chau Van Liem ward Location of Trung Hung commune in Can Tho city and focal residential area in the commune LEGEND: Schools, kindergarden Location of poor households Market Asphalt roads Residential land in urban area Health care centers Soil roads Headquarter of People’s Committee Rivers, canals Religious sites (temples, Border of Thoi Long ward pagodas…) Clean water supply station In the populated area of the ward, the quality of infrastructure is low: - Thoi Long ward previously was rural commune and has recently become administrative unit at ward level in 2004, therefore the quality of urban infrastructure is still low and population distribution pattern is similar to rural communes. However, as the topography along Hau river is higher than the land area in the inner of Hau river, there is no flooding. In addition, this ward is on national road No 92, so the urbanization rate here is higher than rural communes. - Residents in general and poor households in particular concentrate along roads and canals which is convenient for water transportation. In particular, many poor households live along the river bank and encroach to the surface of Hau River and canals, several poor households live on agricultural land, in these areas, their living conditions is lower than those of urban residents. - Roads: the density of asphalt roads in the whole area of ward is 0.25km/km2. The main asphalt road is National road No 91 with several roads connecting the city center to National road No 91 and several roads to the residential area. Roads along canals are mainly soil roads. - Social infrastructure: There are markets, schools-kindergardens, sport centers. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of 168 World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY MAP 16 – INFRASTRUCTURE (Existing situation 2006) Center of Can Tho city LEGEND Power plant Health care center Cultural center, theater National road Airport Power station Professional high school Market Other outer road Port Water work Park School, kindergarden Urban aterial road Ferry route Stadium Border of ward/commune TV broadcast station Bus stop Sport centers River, canal Ferry port Post office Border of districts Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 169 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance APPENDIX 2 – MAPS ANALYSING AND EVALUATING CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 170 advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 1 - STRATEGY FOR DEVELOPMENT AT REGIONAL SCALE SOUTH EAST REGION AND SOUTH KEY ECONOMIC REGION To PhnomPenh To Cambodia coastal area LEGEND To PhnomPenh Strategy for urban upgrading Special urban Tra Noc airport Urban class I (Can Tho city) Urban class II Cai Cui port Urban class III Urban class IV Strategy for development of regions Southern key economic region South Eastern region Mekong river delta region Can Tho Can Tho: Regional capital and transport node International main transport axis National main transport axis National upgrading airport MEKONG RIVER DELTA REGION Port of Mekong river delta region Relevant axis and transport nodes Axis Port cluster in the South Eastern region International airport Other ports Other airports Rivers, sea Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 171 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 2 - DEVELOPMENT AXIS AND POLES Connecting to the North West part of Mekong river delta region Connecting to the North East part of Mekong river delta region Connecting with HCM city Connecting to the West and South parts of Mekong river delta region Connecting to the East and South parts of Mekong river delta region, oriented to Bien Dong (South China sea) Centers LEGEND Regional center - main central city: politics, service, science and technology Center providing services for rural area Main development axis and direction Transportation node – infrastructure Rural and agricultural area Level 1: city arterial axis, connecting with other regions in the country New urban area, functional center: port – industry Geographical boundary of Can New urban area, functional center: technological urban Tho city Level 2: connecting axis level 1 with the center of the region Geographical boundary of New urban area, functional center: service-industry urban other provinces Level 3: connecting sub centers of the region New urban area, functional center: ecological - tourism urban Main rivers, canals Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 172 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 3 - TERRAIN AND MAIN TRANSPORTATION SYSTEM To An Giang, Cambodia To the North West part of Mekong river delta region To Ho Chi Minh city To Kien Giang Tra Noc port Hoang Dieu port To Ho Chi Minh city Tra Noc International airport To Kien Giang Proposed 1A National road Can Tho bridge To Kien Giang To the South China sea To Kien Giang To Soc Trang To HauGiang To HauGiang, the East and the South Mekong river delta region LEGEND Main transportation system in Can Tho Existing bus stop Proposed highway Existing national road Proposed rail way(after 2020) Proposed national road Existing airport upgraded to become international airport Other existing outer roads Existing local port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 2000-3000 tons Geographical boundary of Other proposed outer roads Existing regional port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 10000 tons Can Tho city Existing urban arterial street or national road converted into urban arterial street Waterway route connecting to Bien Dong (South China sea) Rivers, canals Proposed urban arterial street Existing ferry route and station Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 173 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 4 - TECHNICAL INFRASTRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY To An Giang, Cambodia To the North West part of Mekong river delta region Thot Not 220kv power station To Ho Chi Minh city To Kien Giang O Mon power station Tra Noc port Tra Noc power plant Tra Noc 220kv power station Tra Noc International airport Hoang Dieu port To Ho Chi Minh city To Kien Giang Proposed 1A national road Can Tho bridge To Kien Giang Cai Cui port To South China sea To Soc Trang To Kien Giang To Hau Giang To Hau Giang, to the East and the South of Mekong river delta region LEGEND Existing bus stop Existing power plant to be upgraded Tele-communication: Broadcast station center Proposed highway Proposed rail road Proposed power plant Existing national road Existing airport upgraded to become international airport Existing power station of 220kv, 110kv Proposed natioal road Geographical boundary of Existing local port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 2000-3000 tons Can Tho city Other existing outer roads Proposed power station of 220kv, 110kv Geographical boundary of Other proposed outer roads Existing regional port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 10000 tons wards/communes Existing urban arterial street or national road Existing water work to be upgraded Geographical boundary of Waterway route connecting to Bien Dong (South China sea) other provinces converted into urban arterial street Proposed water work Rivers, canals Existing ferry route and station Proposed urban arterial street Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 174 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 5 - DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY FOR POLYCENTRIC CITY To An Giang - Cambodia To the North West THOT NOT SERVICE- Mekong river delta region INDUSTRY URBAN To Ho Chi Minh city O MON HI-TECH ZONE To Kien Giang O MON TECHNOLOGICAL URBAN AREA Co Do Farm Hau River Farm TRA NOC INDUSTRIAL ZONE TRA NOC PORT Mekong river delta Rice TRA NOC INDUSTRIAL URBAN AREA To HCM city LEGEND MAIN CITY CENTER OF NINH KIEU – BINH THUY Urbanization area To Kien Giang Regional center - main central city: politics, service, science PHONG DIEN ECOLOGICAL URBAN AREA and technology HUNG PHU INDUSTRIAL ZONE To Kien Giang Transportation node - industry - technical infrastructure CAI RANG NEW URBAN AREA – INDUSTRIAL PORT Cai Cui port New urban area, functional center: port – industry To the South China sea New urban area, functional center: technological urban To Soc Trang To Kien Giang New urban area, functional center: service-industry urban To Hau Giang To Hau Giang, the East and the South of New urban area, functional center: ecological - tourism urban Mekong river delta region Existing integrated industrial zone Proposed integrated industrial zone Existing bus stop Geographical boundary of Proposed highway Can Tho city Proposed rail rail way (after 2020) Geographical boundary of Proposed hi-tech park Existing national road other provinces Rural and agricultural area Existing airport upgraded to become international airport Proposed national road Existing local port to be upgraded to receive vessels of Rivers, canals Proposed hi-tech agricultural zone Other existing outer roads 2000-3000 tons Other proposed outer roads Existing regional port to be upgraded to receive vessels of Urban - industry in suburban area 10000 tons Existing urban arterial street or national road Waterway route connecting to Bien Dong (South China Sub centers providing services for rural area converted into urban arterial streets sea) Farm Proposed urban arterial street Existing ferry route and station Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 175 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 6 - TOURISM DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY To An Giang, Cambodia To Mekong river delta region CAI SAM (RACH SOI) CANAL ROUTE THOT NOT RIVER ROUTE To Ho Chi Minh city To Kien Giang O MON RIVER ROUTE Co Do farm Hau river farm Mekong river delta Rice institute Tra Noc port Hoang Dieu port O MON – CO DO TOURISM CLUSTER To Ho Chi Minh city Tra Noc international airport Proposed 1A national road LEGEND To Kien Giang TOURISM CLUSTER IN THE CITY CENTER Tourist attraction points Cultural-historical heritage sites To Kien Giang Cai Cui port Handicraft villages Floating market To South China sea Tay Do night market To Soc Trang Fruit garden tourism To Kien Giang River landscape To Hau Giang Park To Hau Giang, the East and the Bird garden South of Mekong river delta region Water rice cultural tourism attraction point Tourism clusters and routes Main transportation system Center of politics, service, commerce, tourism, high- Existing bus stop Geographical boundary of standard hotels, science and technology Proposed highway Can Tho city Proposed rail way (after 2020) Resort, sight seeing, cultural heritages Existing national road Geographical boundary of Existing airport upgraded to become international airport other provinces Ecological tourism, handicraft village, resort Proposed national road Existing local port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 2000- Rivers, canals River landscape tourism cluster Other existing outer roads 3000 tons Other proposed outer roads Existing regional port to be upgraded to receive vessels of Water rice cultural tourism 10000 tons Existing urban arterial street or national road converted into urban arterial streets Waterway route connecting to Bien Dong (South China sea) Waterway routes with potential for tourism Proposed urban arterial street Existing ferry route and station Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 176 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 7 - ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT To An Giang, Cambodia To the North West part of Mekong river delta region Thot Not 220kv power station To Ho Chi Minh city To Kien Giang Tra Noc port To Ho Chi Minh city Hoang Dieu port To Kien Giang Tra Noc international airport Proposed 1A national road Can Tho bridge To Kien Giang Cai Cui port To South China sea To Soc Trang To Kien Giang To Hau Giang To Hau Giang, the East and the South of Mekong river delta region LEGEND Main transportation system Geographical boundary of Existing bus stop Environment sanitation Proposed highway Can Tho city Proposed wastewater treatment plant (according to Proposed rail way (after 2020) Geographical boundary of construction planning) Existing national road wards/communes Proposed wastewater treatment plant (with Existing airport upgraded to become international airport Geographical boundary of Proposed national road implemented project) Existing local port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 2000- other provinces Pumping station (WB project) Other existing outer roads 3000 tons Rivers, canals Other proposed outer roads Existing regional port to be upgraded to receive vessels of Scope of WB project - Phase 1 10000 tons Existing urban arterial street or national road Proposed landfill Waterway route connecting to Bien Dong (South China sea) converted into urban arterial streets Proposed cemetery Existing location of cemetery Proposed urban arterial street Existing ferry route and station Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 177 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance CAN THO CITY: CITY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY MAP 8 - POVERTY ALLEVIATION STRATEGY The strategic map is prepared based on strategic objectives, prioritized projects and action plans under poverty alleviation theme of Can Tho city development strategies, and is also based on analysis of data provided by the City government – these analysis contents are shown by a series of analyzing maps and several synthesis maps that have been presented in the latest Thematic report. In particular, based on the list of prioritized projects and action plans, this poverty alleviation strategic map reflects a new idea, which is the selection of the first prioritized areas for investment compared to other areas of the city. In term of methodology, the map integrates information from data analysis and overlapping of data layers with GIS functions; analysis of 12 variables corresponding to 12 poverty indices, accurate assessment of areas and prioritized fields. The most important information can be derived from the completed synthesis map and intermediate synthesis map, followed by analysis. st The map shows areas and corresponding fields of 1 priority in poverty alleviation – these are the most emerging fields identified in data analysis process; it is not necessary to show other fields as well as less prioritized areas (such as areas in the city center) due to small number of poor people (because there have been analysis contents in thematic reports and appendixes). In the sub-urban area with a large number of poor households, there should be favoured policies on poverty alleviation such as provision of loan, favoured credit and stimulation of agriculture-forestry and aquaculture… Areas that should be given priority in comprehensive support in living condition (housing, water supply, electricity supply) are in the Northern part and several areas in the Southern part of the city. In several wards/communes near the city center, there is a large LEGEND Main transportation system Geographical boundary of Existing bus stop Can Tho city number of poor people at working age but unemployed; Areas and sectors given 1st priority in poverty alleviation Proposed highway Geographical boundary of Area with many households having income below poverty line and very poor Proposed rail road (after 2020) wards/communes these people should be given priority in vocational training households - in need of poverty alleviation policies Existing national road Geographical boundary of Existing airport upgraded to become international airport other provinces in association with employment. Another field that should Area given comprehensive priority in living condition: housing, electricity supply, water supply Proposed national road Existing local port to be upgraded to receive vessels of Other existing outer roads 2000-3000 tons be given priority is supporting for poor children who are not Area with many poor people at working age but unemployed; these people should be given priority in vocational training in association with employment Other proposed outer roads Existing regional port to be upgraded to receive vessels of 10000 tons sent to school in wards/communes in urban peripheral Area with many children not going to schools; these children should be given Existing urban arterial street or national road converted into urban arterial street Waterway route connecting to Bien Dong (South China Rivers, canals sea) areas and several communes near the Northern boundary, priority in education Proposed urban arterial street Existing ferry route and station far from the city. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 178 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance APPENDIX 3 – PRIOTIZED PROJECTS AND PROGRAMMES Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 179 advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 1. THEME OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Industrial development priority objectives: General objectives: Exploit full advantages of interregional transportation, turn Can Tho into industry center of the Mekong river Delta Region. Detailed objectives: 1. Maintaining the development rate at about 20% per year 2. Improving the competitiveness capacity of industrial sector 3. Establishing and developing the industrial clusters, including processing zones and hi-tech zones 4. Encouraging all kind of economic sectors to participate in manufacturing investment at various scales and levels. 5. Developing strongly the industrial sector in the rural area Service and Commercial Development priority objectives: General objectives: Turn CanTho into commercial and financial hub and center of the Mekong river Delta Region; promoting the advantages of transit center and tourism service center. Detailed objectives: 1.Developing tourism quickly, to become tourism center as well as a tourist distributor center of the tourism sub-region in Western South Region and be a gate of tourism in the Mekong river. 2. Turning Can Tho into “ a ideal tourism arrival – safe – friendly� of the Mekong river Delta Region, the focal point of “Mekong Water Civilization Area� 3. Developing commercial sector to contribute to economic development of the area. 4. Developing the urban market toward modern and civic ways; broadening the commercial network in the rural area. 5. Accelerating the import-export activities through developing the export market toward multilateral; encouraging the investment in manufacturing for export 6. Encourage all kinds of the economic sectors to participate in commercial activities Agricultural Development priority objective: General Objectives: Turning Can Tho into hi-tech agricultural center, agricultural service center of the Mekong river Delta Region. Detailed objectives: 1. Building an agricultural of goods manufacturing, large scale, high level, sustain. Applying the advanced technologies to satisfy the requirements of the City and domestic market. Possessing o high competitive ability on the market, supplying hi-tech agricultural services for the Mekong river Delta Region. 2. Utilizing all of the economic sectors’ potentials; Developing and transforming household economics to the economy of farms, cooperatives and all kind of enterprises 3. Strongly promote local ability, take full advantages of external forces, continuously push up developing agriculture at rural and city areas with direction to industrialization, modernization, close combination between rural agriculture development with urban development Periods Capital source Priority Level of Total level 1. appropriatenes No Name of projects/sectors demand Local High, 2. s to 2006- 2011- 2016- State Privat for capital budge ODA FDI Average, development 2010 2015 2020 budget e t 3 Low objectives A. Industry I Building the Industrial zones’ 12,519 6,409 3,571 2,540 infrastructure 1 Completion of Tra Noc II industrial 561 250 311 x x 1 1,3,4 zones' infrastructure Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 180 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 2 Completion of Hung Phu industrial 798 220 289 289 x x 1 1,3,4 zones' infrastructure 3 Complete infrastructure facilities of Thot 683 107 288 288 x x 1 1,3,4 Not center of industry - craft industry 4 Complete infrastructure facilities of O 1,105 380 363 363 x x 1 1,3,4 Mon center of industry - craft industry 5 Build industrial zones' infrastructure at O 2,875 2,875 x x 3 1,3,4 Mon districts (two zones) 6 Build industrial zones' infrastructure at 1,250 1,250 x x 3 1,3,4 Thot Not district II (two zones) 7 Build hi-tech park's infrastructure at O 975 975 x x 3 1,3,4 Mon district. 8 Build infrastructure facilities at O Mon 60 60 x x 2 1,3,4,5 industrial cluster 9 Build infrastructure facilities at Cai Rang 80 80 x x 2 1,3,4,5 industrial cluster 10 Build infrastructure facilities at Binh Thuy 132 132 x x 2 1,3,4,5 industrial cluster 11 Build infrastructure facilities at Vinh 20 20 x x 2 1,3,4,5 Thanh industrial cluster 12 Build infrastructure facilities at Co Do 40 40 x x 2 1,3,4,5 industrial cluster 13 Build infrastructure facilities at Phong 20 20 x x 2 1,3,4,5 Dien industrial cluster 14 Build industrial zone's infrastructure 750 750 x x 3 1,3,4 facilities at O Mon district (1 zone) 15 Build industrial zone's infrastructure 750 750 x x 3 1,3,4 facilities at Thot Not district (2 zones) 16 Construction of infrastructure facilities at 650 650 x x 3 1,3,4 the open hi-quality park at O Mon district 17 Construction of infrastructure facilities at 30 30 x x 3 1,3,4,5 O Mon industrial cluster 18 Construction of infrastructure facilities at 30 30 x x 3 1,3,4,5 Cai Rang industrial cluster 19 Construction of infrastructure facilities at 80 80 x x 3 1,3,4,5 Binh Thuy industrial cluster 20 Construction of infrastructure facilities at 30 30 x x 3 1,3,4,5 Co Do industrial cluster 21 Build up of industrial zone's 500 500 x x 3 1,3,4 infrastructure facilities at O Mon district Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 181 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance (1 zone) 22 Construction of industrial zone's 500 500 x x 3 1,3,4 infrastructure at Thot Not district (1 zone) 23 Construction of infrastructure facilities at 500 500 x x 3 1,3,4 open hi-tech O Mon district. 24 Build up of infrastructure facilities at O 20 20 x x 3 1,3,4,5 Mon industrial cluster. 25 Build up of infrastructure facilities at Cai 20 20 x x 3 1,3,4,5 Rang industrial cluster. 26 Build up of infrastructure facilities at Binh 40 40 x x 3 1,3,4,5 Thuy industrial cluster. 27 Build up of infrastructure facilities at Vinh 20 20 x x 3 1,3,4,5 Thanh industrial cluster. II Rice grinding industry 340 240 100 0 28 Advanced technology rice grinding 160 160 x x 1 1,2,3 factory 29 Rice flour processing and products 80 80 x x 1 1,2,3 factory 30 Advanced technology rice grinding 100 100 x x 1 1,2,3 factory III Aquaculture processing industry 385 100 285 0 31 Renovate equipments and technology at 100 100 x 1 1.2 current aquaculture processing facilities. 32 Build a new sea products processing and 185 185 x x 2 1,2,3 export plant 33 Renovate equipments and technology at 100 100 x 1 1.2 current aquaculture processing facilities. IV Beverages and fruits, vegetables 133 80 53 0 processing industry 34 Fruits processing factory 80 80 x x 2 1,2,3 35 Increase quality and capacity of 02 30 30 x 1 1.2 current plants 36 Fresh vegetable and fruit preservation 23 23 x 1 1,2,3 processing factory. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 182 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 37 Renovate technology at small 0 x 1 1,2,3,4,5 enterprises, where preliminary products were made, provide for massive factories. V Cattle and poultry products 163 103 60 0 processing industry 38 Focal cattle slaughter facilities 10 10 x x 1 1,2,3 39 6 focal poultry slaughter facilities 18 18 x x 1 1,2,3 40 Food cannery 75 75 x x 1 1,2,3 41 Cattle and poultry processing factory 60 60 x x 1 1,2,3 VI Foodstuff for cattle and poultry 270 135 135 0 processing industry 42 Foodstuff for fish and shrimp processing 80 80 x x 1 1,2,3 factory 43 Foodstuff for cattle and poultry 55 55 x x 1 1,2,3 processing factory 44 Increase capacity of foodstuff for fish and 60 60 x x 2 1.2 shrimp processing factory 45 Increase capacity of foodstuff for cattle 75 75 x x 2 1.2 and poultry processing factory VII Other processing sectors 6280 80 800 5400 46 Alcohol plant specializing in industrial 80 80 x x 2 1,2,3 sectors 47 Papers factory 1,200 800 400 x x 3 1,2,3 48 More investment in forestry, food, wood, 5,000 5,000 x x 2 1,2,3 foodstuff for cattle and poultry processing sectors VIII Water and power supply industry 45682 10373 24902 10407 49 O Mon electricity center ( 4 thermal 31,900 8,900 23,000 x x 3 1.2 electricity plants) 50 Rehabilitation and construction of City's 12,745 1,160 1,585 10,000 x 1 1.2 electricity network. 51 Increase capacity of current water plants 1,037 313 317 407 x 2 1.2 and newly build some water plants IX Chemical industry 42,463 838 16,625 25,000 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 183 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 52 Veterinary medicine factory 80 80 x x 3 1,2,3 53 Mixture fertilizer factory 128 128 x x 3 1,2,3 54 Paint factory 25 25 x x 3 1,2,3 55 Hi-tech plastic factory 320 320 x x 3 1,2,3 56 Pharmaceutical products factory 185 185 x x 3 1,2,3 57 Further invest in current factories and 100 100 x x 3 1.2 increase their capacity and quality of products 58 Increase capacity of paints factory 75 75 x x 3 1.2 59 Oil refinery 8,000 8,000 x x 3 1,2,3 60 Gas products processing Factory with its 7,680 7,680 x x 3 1,2,3 sources extracted from Malay - Tho Chu region. 61 Increase capacity of Pharmaceutical 350 350 x x 3 1.2 products factory 62 Hi-quality toothpaste factory 300 300 x x 3 1,2,3 63 Hi-quality shampoo factory 220 220 x x 3 1,2,3 64 Investment in manufacturing 25,000 25,000 x x 3 1,2,3 Petrochemical products, increase double capacity and quality of other products until 2015 X Mechanic and forge Industry 5,545 2,120 1,925 1,500 65 Mechanical reparation and ship building 310 310 x x 3 1,2,3 factory 66 Motor installation and spare parts factory 120 80 40 x x 3 1,2,3 67 Agricultural machinery factory 120 80 40 x x 3 1,2,3 68 Diesel engine factory (30-50HP) 580 380 200 x x 3 1,2,3 69 Car plastic accessories plant 1,200 800 400 x x 3 1,2,3 70 Electric accessories and cable plant 400 200 200 x x 3 1,2,3 71 Electricity measuring devices and 380 240 140 x x 3 1,2,3 accessories plant 72 Electronic spare parts installation plant 60 30 30 x x 3 1,2,3 73 Spare parts and car installation plant 550 550 x x 3 1,2,3 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 184 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 74 Accurate medical instruments plant 250 250 x x 3 1,2,3 75 Office equipment and computer plant 75 75 x x 3 1,2,3 76 Raise capacity of agricultural tools, 1,500 1500 x x 3 1.2 electric accessories, electronic and computer installation plants… XI Building materials industry 2,337 272 465 1,600 77 Increase capacity of plant producing fibro 18 18 x x 3 1.2 cement materials 78 Increase capacity of metal sheet plant 23 23 x x 3 1,2,3 79 Increase capacity of refined brick plant 10 10 x x 3 1.2 80 Increase capacity of non refined brick 12 12 x x 3 1,2,3 plant 81 Precast concrete plant 35 35 x x 3 1,2,3 82 Increase capacity of precast concrete 100 100 x x 3 1.2 facilities 83 Fresh concrete factory 10 10 x x 3 1,2,3 84 MDF wood factory 150 150 x x 3 1,2,3 85 Hi-quality ceramic tile factory 46 46 x x 3 1,2,3 86 Increase capacity of MDF wood factory 200 200 x x 3 1.2 87 Increase capacity of hi-quality ceramic 45 45 x x 3 1.2 tile factory 88 Porcelain hygiene equipments factory 88 88 x x 3 1,2,3 89 Double increasing of MDF wood, 1,600 1600 x x 3 1.2 porcelain hygiene equipments precast concrete outputs…, especially, cement output must reach 2.4 million ton per year. XII Textile garment and shoes industry 770 370 200 200 90 Shoes import factory 50 50 x x 3 1,2,3 91 Hi-quality weave fabric factory 300 300 x x 3 1,2,3 92 Garment export company 20 20 x x 3 1,2,3 93 Increase capacity of garment export 30 30 x x 3 1.2 company 94 Increase capacity of shoes export 50 50 x x 3 1.2 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 185 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance company 95 Hi-quality weave fabric factory 120 120 x x 3 1.2 96 Double increasing of capacity of all 200 200 x x 3 1.2 companies and factories XIII Rural industry 46.5 21.5 0 25 97 Collect all kinds of prelim products from 5 5 x x 2 1,2, 4,5 facilities at O Mon, Co Do, Vinh Thanh, Thot Not districts and send them to modern factories after being selected and dried 98 Coconut processing enterprises at Co 2 2 x x 2 1,2, 4,5 Do, Phong Dien district 99 Fish sauce enterprises 3 2.5 x x 2 1,2, 4,5 10 Mechanic reparation and forge 5 5 x x 2 1,2, 4,5 0 10 Textile garment 2 2 x x 2 1,2, 4,5 1 10 Wooden appliances 5 5 x x 2 1,2, 4,5 2 10 Continuously develop rural industry 25 25 x x 2 1,2, 4,5 3 B. Development of trade, services and 2921 1788 889 244 tourism I Commercial infrastructure 2536 1638 654 244 1 Completion and putting into operation of x x x 1 3,4,6 03 wholesale markets in the 1st phase including rice market, aquaculture market in 2006, forestry market 2007 2 Complete and put into operation of x x x 1 3,4,6 central market at new districts and up grading and enlargement of existing markets at the same time 3 Rehabilitate, improve 2nd, 3rd class x x x 1 3,4,6 markets even eliminate temporary markets which have been seriously occupying roads and pavements. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 186 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 4 Build new markets at residential areas, x x x 1 3,4,6 town lets, commune centers without market areas. 5 Regional commercial centers, Thot Not x x x 3 3,4,5,6 trade center, Binh Thuy trade center should be built and come into operation. 6 Tan An trade center should be x x x 3 3,4,5,6 completed and come into operation. 7 At least one market at 3rd level will be x x x 3 3,4,6 completed and come into operation 8 Build up professional markets such as: x x x 3 3,4,6 Fashion: book, motor, electric appliances… 9 Investment and enlargement of x x x 3 3,4,6 wholesale markets 10 Completion and investment in x x x 3 3,4,6 markets at different levels. 11 Build a trade center from category II and x x x 3 3,4,6 over and a market also from that. 12 Socialization of construction investment x x x 3 3,4,6 process, manage and exploit markets 13 Wholesale, specialized and traditional x x x 3 3,4,5,6 markets as well as mini markets, trade centers, planned centers should be built to become a chain of shops with stable operation, effectiveness, quickly develop and play the central role of Mekong river Delta, 14 Build up of warehouses system, x x x 3 3,4,6 filling stations II Tourism development 385 150 235 0 25 Construction of tourist service, trade 200 60 140 x x 1 1.2 centers consisting of conference halls, exhibition center, offices and apartment for rent and related services with international standard. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 187 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 26 Rehabilitation of Can Tho city 20 5 15 x x 1 1.2 environment landscape 27 Development of Con Cai Khe tourist 50 20 30 x x 2 1.2 complex 28 Development of Con Au tourist area 30 20 10 x x 2 1.2 29 Development of Con Khuong tourist 30 20 10 x x 2 1.2 complex 30 Development of Cu Lao Tan Loc tourist 20 2 18 x x 2 1.2 complex 31 Build Can Tho school of tourism 10 10 x x 1 1.2 operations. 32 Development of tourist villages in the 10 8 2 x x 3 1.2 urban areas 33 Preservation, restoration, upgrading 10 5 5 x x 1 1.2 ancient villages and houses. 34 Construction of material facilities at O 5 5 x x 3 1.2 Mon - Co Do cluster. C. Agriculture development 25538 8568 1373 15597 I Development program of food belt 22400 8000 14400 1 Bonsai Project x x 2 1,2,3 2 Project to plant hi-quality vegetable x x 2 1,2,3 3 Project to develop agricultural jobs x x x 1 1,2,3 4 Project to develop fishing farming in rafts x x 2 1,2,3 on river 5 Project of Tra and Ba sa breeding in x x 2 1,2,3 specialized lakes 6 Hi-quality cow breeding Project x x 2 1,2,3 7 Pigs and poultry breeding Project x x 2 1,2,3 II Hi-technology agriculture program 3138 568 1373 1197 8 Build up of hi-tech agricultural area, 57 30 13 13 x x x 2 1,2,3 Center 1 (20ha) 9 Build up of hi-tech agricultural area, 432 20 412 x x x 3 1,2,3 Center 2 (200-500ha) Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 188 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 10 Build up of hi-tech agricultural area, 170 20 50 100 x x x 3 1,2,3 Center 3 11 Build up of agricultural stations with hi- 49 14 17 18 x x x 2 1,2,3 technology application at Vinh Thanh district 12 Build up of agricultural stations with hi- 49 14 17 18 x x x 2 1,2,3 technology application at Thot Not district 13 Build up of agricultural stations with hi- 49 14 17 18 x x x 2 1,2,3 technology application at Phong Dien district 14 Project to apply biological technology in 40 14 13 13 x x x 1 1,2,3 producing seeds for agricultural sector 15 Biological technology application in 38 13 11 13 x x x 1 1,2,3 producing clean vegetable Project 16 Biological technology application in 55 16 20 20 x x x 2 1,2,3 producing ornamental creatures Project. 17 Project to develop Human resources in 15 5 5 5 x x x 1 1,2,3 the agriculture sector 18 Fields rehabilitation and mechanization 450 100 150 200 x x x 2 1,2,3 project 19 Fruit-garden linked with eco-tourist 40 14 13 13 x x x 2 1,2,3 project 20 Quality management application and 30 9 11 10 x x x 2 1,2,3 breeding development project 21 Quality management application project 400 20 140 240 x x x 1 1,2,3 in aquatic-farming development 22 Project of Irrigation systems 420 70 180 170 x x x 1 1,2,3 development for hi-tech agricultural and industrial production 23 Project to develop agricultural production 220 35.7 71 113.3 x x x 2 1,2,3 model applying hi-tech 24 Project to develop trademarks for hi- 525 125 200 200 x x x 2 1,2,3 quality agricultural products and services 25 Project to apply hi-technology in after 100 34 33 33 x x x 1 1,2,3 reaping period (under National and GAP standard) III Irrigation 26 Hau and Can Tho river x 2 3 stone ,embankment building Project. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 189 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 27 Canal dredging project at Co Do district x 2 3 28 Cai San - Thot Not irrigation Project x 2 3 29 Projects of interior field irrigation building, x 1 3 flooding control at fruit tree areas, water supply and drainage for focal aquatic- farming areas. Grand total 145.393 31.497 51.383 62.513 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 190 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 2. THEME OF INFRATRUCTURE DEVELOPMENT AND ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION Prioritized Objectives to development: 1 A good infrastructure system will contribute to improve the life quality in the urban area and the poor and the low income people will directly benefit 2 A good infrastructure is an essential assurance for the central role of Cuu Long river delta region 3 The competitiveness and attractiveness of Can Tho city will be enhanced by a good urban infrastructure and the capital sources that come from the state, the local private sector, ODA and FDI are more and more invested in Can Tho city. So that socio-economic is to be developed accordingly. 4 The natural environment in the region of Can Tho city and particularly the water environment of the rivers and streams will be noticeably improved Prioritized objective of environmental protection and management: 5 Environmental protection and a healthy life are the major objectives of the local residential community. 6 Protection of natural environment of rivers, enforcement of biodiversity 7 Sustainable development Among the number of prioritized projects need to be implemented in the field of urban infrastructure development and environment management (See the Can Tho socio- economic development plan until 2020 prepared by City people's committee), priority levels are ranked as follows: (1= High priority, 2 = Middle priority, 3= Lower priority) Periods Capital source Priority Level of Total level 1. appropriatenes No Name of projects/sectors demand Local High, 2. s to 2006- 2011- 2016- State Privat for capital budg ODA FDI Average, development 2010 2015 2020 budget e et 3 Low objectives I. INFRASTRUCTURE I. Transportation 1 Can Tho bridge (bridge and road 5 2008 x 1 2, 3 system) 2 Tra Noc airport 500 2008 x x 1 2, 3 3 Cai Cui port 525 2006 x 1 3 4 Can Tho port (Hoang Dieu) 180 2006 x 1 3 5 Clear off sea gate (Dinh An or Quan x x x 1 3 Chanh Bo canal) 6 Dredging of narrow passages 10.6 x x x x 2 3, 4 7 Enlargement of 91b National road (The 67 x 1 2, 3 Southern road of Hau river) 8 Enlargement of other National roads 1 x x x x 2 3 (road and bridge) Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 191 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 9 Enlargement of National road No 1A from My Thuan x x x 2 2, 3 to Can Tho (road and bridge) 10 Railway from HCM to Can Tho x x 3 2, 3 11 Inner roads (road and bridge) 400 x x x x 3 1, 3 12 Outer urban roads (road and bridge) 720 x x x x 3 1, 3 13 City bus Arrangement x x x 1 1, 5 14 Inter bus stations x x 2 2 2. Power supply 15 O Mon Thermal Electricity Plant x x x 1 2, 3 16 Rehabilitate the power network 20 x x x x 2 1, 3 3. Water supply 17 Increase capacity of the current water 300 x x x 1 1, 3, 5, 7 plants 18 Build new water plants 1500 x x x x x x 2 1, 3, 5, 7 4. Treatment of domestic and industry wastes water 19 Sewer network and treatment station 182 x x x 1 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 (Ninh Kieu, Binh Thuy) 20 Build new wastes treatment facilities 1500 x x x x x x 1 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 5. Collection and treatment of wastes, solid wastes from domestic and industry activities 21 More equipment of dump trucks and 500 x x x x x x 1 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 other equipments for Urban environment company 22 Build Wastes treatment plant (make 1000 x x x x x 2 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 them into compost or incinerate them) 23 Set up groups collecting wastes and x x x 1 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 managed by residents 24 Project to develop infrastructure for 1.440 x x x x 1 1,2,3 potential city - Can Tho city (funded by WB) 6. Management of urban and water environment Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 192 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 25 Removal of production facilities causing advert x x x x 1 5, 6, 7 impacts out of the inner area and rearrange them into industrial zones 26 Removal and resettlement of households living along x x x 1 5, 6, 7 the canals in the city 27 Establish and equip for environment x x x 1 3, 5, 6 inspectors 28 Removal of the floating market on Can x x x 3 3, 5, 6, 7 Tho river 29 Remove floating market on Can Tho x x x 3 3,5,6,7 river II SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE 1 Education and training system 1.832.130 272.695 755.569 803.867 1.832.13 0 1 Learning room for compulsory education 903.198 206.220 293.111 403.867 903,198 x x 1 2 Libraries for schools 3.932 1.475 2.458 0 3,932 x x 2 3 Campus 560.000 0 160.000 400.000 560,000 x 3 4 Tay Do University 15.000 15.000 0 0 15,000 x x 1 5 Private University 50.000 50.000 0 0 50.000 x 2 6 International University 300.000 0 300.000 0 300.000 x x 3 2 Health care system 593.410 168.975 207.560 216.875 593.410 1 City general hospital 78.000 0 39.000 39.000 78.000 x x 1 2 General hospital at wards and district 234.900 83.250 76.650 75.000 234.900 x 3 3 Specialty hospital 68.250 27.300 21.450 19.500 68.250 x x 3 4 Maternity hospital 19,500 0 9.750 9.750 19.500 x x 1 5 Children's hospital 54.600 10.500 23.100 21.000 54.600 x x 3 6 Folk medicine hospital 15.600 7.800 0 7.800 15.600 x x 2 7 Center of conjecture and treatment 75.600 25.200 25.200 25.200 75.600 x 3 8 General clinic 14.040 2.340 3.900 7.800 14.040 x 3 9 Maternity house 1.170 390 0 780 1.170 x x 2 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 193 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 10 Contingent medical center 9.750 3.250 3.250 3.250 9.750 x 3 11 Center of family planning 9.750 3.250 3.250 3.250 9.750 x 3 12 Medicine station 12.250 5.695 2.010 4.545 12.250 x 3 3 Cultural, social system 507.490 307.420 99.875 100.195 ##### 1 City culture center 6.500 2.000 2.250 2.250 6.500 x 2 2 City theater 22.550 11.000 3.300 8.250 22.550 x 1 3 Cinema 7.050 3.000 1.800 2.250 7.050 x 3 4 Center of Children's culture 5.500 2.500 1.500 1.500 5.500 x x 3 5 Culture Center at districts 12.700 4.000 3.200 5.500 12.700 x 1 6 Culture cluster's children 2.320 1,400 520 400 2.320 x x 1 7 Culture cluster at wards and communes 1.520 680 420 420 1.520 x x 3 8 Number of cultural boats 1.000 1.000 0 0 1.000 x x 2 9 Culture and Art College and University 21.750 15.000 3.000 3.750 21.750 x x 3 10 City library 4.000 2.000 1.000 1.000 4.000 x 2 11 District Libraries 4.800 1.000 1.800 2.000 4.800 x 1 12 Reading room at wards and communes 3.010 1.340 835 835 3.010 x 1 13 Tay Do culture center 264.000 174.000 45.000 45.000 264.000 x 3 14 City museum 3.000 2.000 500 500 3.000 x 3 15 National sport center IV 68.000 40.000 18.000 10.000 68,000 x 2 16 City sport center 3.500 2.000 750 750 3,500 x 2 17 District sport centers 7.000 3.000 3.000 1.000 7,000 x 2 18 City stadium 3.500 2.000 750 750 3,500 x 2 19 District football ground 4.290 1.700 1.050 1.540 4,290 x x 1 20 Ward and commune football ground 2.200 1.400 400 400 2,200 x x 1 21 Volley ball ground 2.000 800 200 1.000 2,000 x 1 22 Tennis court 11.200 6.400 1.600 3.200 11,200 x 1 23 Basket ball court 2.300 1.200 350 750 2,300 x 1 24 Sport College 22.500 15.000 3750 3.750 22,500 x 2 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 194 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 25 City radio 5.250 3.500 875 875 5,250 x 3 26 District radio 7.750 4.000 2.625 1.125 7,750 x 2 27 Ward and commune radio 800 500 450 150 800 x 1 28 Province Television 7.500 5.000 1.250 1.250 7,500 x 2 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 195 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 3. THEME OF POVERTY ALLEVIATION 1. Objective: 1.1. Increase income, stabilize and improve living standards for poor households 1.2. Restrict the increasing speed of income gap and living standards between urban and rural area, plain and mountainous area, rich and poor household. 1.3. Ameliorate living standards; Achievement of primary targets such as: rate of residential has house, accesses to power and clean water supplies for daily activities. 1.4. Subsidize and create opportunities for the poor to approach to social services e.g. medical examination and treatment in time. 1.5. No hunger household or no return poor household and gradually reduce the number of that and nearly poor status at the lowest level. 2. Jobs creation objective: 2.1. Decrease unemployment rate, further create jobs at the suburb towns. 2.2. Maintain the number of employees, increase labor productivity 2.3. Support and help poor household to develop production, service trade 2.4. Create jobs, increase income, subsidize the expenditures relating to social services and particularly in labor export 2.5. Improve the quality of labor force, fully supply human resources for economic sectors in the industrialization and modernization process 2.6. Create favorable conditions and environment for investors 2.7. Well arrange labor force and foster labor structure transition as well as economic development structure transition 2.8. Provide information of labor market for organizations, individuals if required. Periods Capital source Priority Total level 1. Level of appropriateness No Name of projects/sectors demand 2006- 2011- 2016- State Local High, 2. to development for capital ODA FDI Private Average, 2010 2015 2020 budget budget objectives 3 Low 1 Vocational training linked with jobs 520,000 140,000 180,000 200,000 x x x 1 2.1 ;1.1 ;2.5 creation 2 Provide loans from National supporting 85,000 20,000 30,000 35,000 x x 2 2.2 ; 2.3 fund 3 Enhance the capacity of job center 24,000 6,000 8,000 10,000 x x x 3 2.8 4 Labor export 77,000 22,000 25,000 30,000 x x x 1 2.4 ;1.1 ;2.6 5 Labor market information 13,300 3,800 4,500 5,000 2 2.6 ;2.8 6 Mobilize variety of human resources in 18,500 5,500 6,000 7,000 x 3 1.5 society 7 Preferential credit 38,000 10,000 13,000 15,000 x x 1 1.3 ;1.2 ;2.3 8 Land assistance in production activities 7,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 x 3 2.3 9 Agriculture – Forestry – Aquaculture 13,500 400 450 500 x x 2 2.2 ;2.3 promotion 10 Heath care assistance 137,000 42,000 45,000 50,000 x x x 1 1.4 ;1.2 ;1.1 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 196 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 11 Education assistance 48,000 14,000 16,000 18,000 x x x 1 1.4 ;1.2 ;1.1 12 House, power, water assistance 180,787 55,787 60,000 65,000 x x x 1 1.3 ;1.2 ;1.1 13 Enhance capacity for cadres being in 27,500 8,500 9,000 10,000 x x 2 2.7 ;1.5 charge of hunger alleviation works 14 Increase propaganda of hunger 9,400 2,400 3,000 4,000 x 3 2.8 alleviation Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 197 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 4. THEME OF HUMAN RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT General objectives: Develop Can Tho to be come a central position of training high quality human resources for the whole Cuu Long river Delta and effectively solve the surplus labour particular in agriculture sector due to urbanization process. Specific objectives: Can Tho city have its full conditions and attractiveness to provide skilled, trained labour force for its own demands and Cuu Long river Delta Region to achieve the planned goals Promote the central role of region with strong advantages of agricultural production that hi-tech agriculture should be developed and effectively solve surplus labour particular agricultural labour due to urbanization process Periods Capital source Priority Total level 1. Level of appropriateness No Name of projects/sectors demand 2006- 2011- 2016- State Local High, 2. to development for capital ODA FDI Private Average, 2010 2015 2020 budget budget objectives 3 Low 1 Enlarge and upgrade the Can Tho 1 1+2 University so as to reach the National focus standard with multi faculties 2 Construction of vocational training 4,000 1,500 2,500 0 x x x 1 1+2 school at Cai Rang, O Mon district and other primary schools at 4 districts and at Thot Not town let 3 Implement the phase 1 of hi-tech parks 325. 000 75,000 250,000 0 x x x 1 1+2 (Industry, Agriculture) 4 Build up of Tay Do University at 15,000 15,000 0 0 x x x 2 1 technology urban Area. 5 Build private university at technology 50,000 50,000 0 0 x x 2 1 urban Area. 6 Construct Medical College at technology 33,000 15,000 15,000 3,000 x x 2 1 urban Area. 7 Construct sub-Institutes 10,000 5,000 5,000 x x x 2 1+2 8 Establish Art and Culture College 5,000 5,000 x x 2 9 Prepare development scheme and 25,000 5,000 15,000 5,000 x x x 2 1+2 diversify labor force from science and technology. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 198 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 10 Draft improvement and development 255,000 45,000 95,000 115,000 x x x 2 1+2 project of centers for science and technology at city level. 11 Appeal to international universities to 300,000 0 300,000 0 x 3 1 invest in technology urban Area. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 199 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 5. THEME OF URBAN GOVERNANCE AND INSTITUTION General objective: Can Tho city is being operated by the management and execution of an urban governance equipvelant to the city ranked at the1st class depends on the central government with civilized, modern and effecient management system. Specific objective: Carry out active changes, solve administrative procedures, strengthen socio-economic, urban management capacity, create clean investment environment, prepare initial foundation for appealing to investment resources of socio-economic development (1) Step by step develop urban administration management system by informatics technology and telecommunication, tend to set up an electronic government that can execute modern, civilized society (2) Periods Capital source Priority Total level 1. Level of appropriateness No Name of projects/sectors demand 2006- 2011- 2016- State Local High, 2. to development for capital ODA FDI Private Average, 2010 2015 2020 budget budget objectives 3 Low 1 Set up training courses, mid carrer training x 1 1 and inform and record plans, responsibilities of administrative innovation for the contingent of cadres and civic groups at wards. 2 Complete the regulations of the procedure x 1 1 order, the progress of planning management, construction investment, house, land, public transportation. 3 Complete the payment projects for fixed x 1 1 workforce at the state owned enterprises and administrative expenditure management by the Decisions of the Government. 4 Implement the decentralization process for 1 1 district, town, ward, commune, townlet in accordant within their respective jurisdictions and conditions. 5 Apply in administrative management 1 1 process by ISO standard for departments, boards and sectors. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 200 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 6 Organize training courses to improve quality and skills 1 1 on administrative procedures, morality in works and public relation for the body of cadres. 7 Finish the human resources development program of x 1 1+2 management works toward 2010 8 Finalize cooperative regulations among levels of relative x 1 1 authority in the city 9 Implement lump sum patterns for certain public services 1 1 10 Establish information management center at city x 2 2 people’s committee. 11 Set up concurrently information management networks x x x 2 2 at the levels 12 Build up regulations of information exchange among all x 2 1+2 levels of authority. 13 Set up and complete legislative framework of cadres and x x 2 1 officials management, reform and finalize management system. 14 Formation of 2 sub-institutes of National Policy and x 2 1 National Administration. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal advisor of World Bank 201 City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance APPENDIX 4 CONSULTATION WITH AGENCIES AND ORGANIZATIONS Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 202 advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 1. MEETINGS HELD AT NATIONAL LEVEL DURING 1ST MISSION 1.1 No Organizations Consultation with Implementation date 1. The World Bank Dr. Dang Duc Cuong, Project March 20, 2006 Manager 2. Ministry of Construction Mr. Tran Ngoc Chinh, Vice March 21, 2006 Minister of MOC 3. Viet Nam Urban Association Prof. Dr.Nguyen Lan, March 21, 2006 General Secretary, Mr.Nguyen Ninh Thuc Vice General Secretary, Mrs.Vu Thi Vinh, Vice General Secretary 4. Swiss Development Co-operation in Mr. Dao Minh Chau, Chief March 21, 2006 VN (SDC), Sponsor of CDS in Nam representative of SDC Dinh, Dong Hoi 5. Tourism research Institute-General Dr. Le Trong Binh, Director March 30, 2006 Dept of Tourism General 6. Institute of Development Strategy, Dr.Nguyen Ba An, Vice March 31, 2006 MPI Director 7. The World Bank Dr. Dang Duc Cuong, Project April 12, 2006 Manager 8. Ministry of Construction (MOC) Deputy Minister Mr. Tran April 13, 2006 Ngoc Chinh of MOC 9. CDS for Nam Dinh Mr. Henry Sharpe, Advisor April 13, 2006 Urban Planning 10. The World Bank Dr. Dang Duc Cuong, Project May 09, 2006 Manager 11. The World Bank Dr. Dang Duc Cuong, Project June 12, 2006 Manager 12. Dept of Architecture and Planning- Mrs Phan My Linh, Director June 27, 2006 MOC 13. Dept of Architecture and Planning- Mrs Phan My Linh, Director July 05, 2006 MOC 14. The World Bank Dr. Dang Duc Cuong, Project August 28, 2006 Manager 15. Dept of Architecture and Planning- Mrs Phan My Linh, Director September 05, MOC 2006 16. Ministry of Construction (MOC) Deputy Minister Mr. Tran Sep 29, 2006 Ngoc Chinh of MOC 17. The World Bank Dr. Dang Duc Cuong, Project Sep 29, 2006 Manager 18. The World Bank Dr. Dang Duc Cuong, Project 06-4-2007 Manager Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 203 advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 2.1. HA LONG CITY (3/2006 – 4/2007) Implementation No ORGANIZATIONS Notes date Phase 1 – Collection of documents and working in consultation with stakeholders 1 People’s Committee of Ha Long City (PC March 23, 2006 Kick-off of Ha Long) 2 People’s Committee of Quang Ninh March 24, 2006 Vice Chairman of Province (PC of Quang Ninh) Province 3 CDS project Management Board March 28, 2006 Belong to PC of Ha Long City 4 Urban management Bureau March 28, 2006 Belong to PC of Ha Long City 5 Economic Bureau March 28, 2006 Belong to PC of Ha Long City 6 Natural resource & Environment Bureau March 28, 2006 Belong to PC of Ha Long City 7 Home affair Bureau March 28, 2006 Belong to PC of Ha Long City 8 Dept of Planning & Investment (DPI) March 29, 2006 9 Dept of Construction (DOC) March 29, 2006 10 Dept of labor & social welfare March 29, 2006 11 Dept of Natural resources & Environment March 29, 2006 12 Project Management Unit (PMU) of March 29, 2006 Belong to DPI Industrial Zones & Foreign Investment 13 Bureaus, Units & Chairmen of PC of Ward March 30, 2006 Report on Ha Long City and Ha Long Plan 14 Urban Management Bureau April 26, 2006 15 Natural Resource & Environment Bureau April 26, 2006 16 Finance Bureau April 26, 2006 17 DPI April 26, 2006 18 Statistics Directorate April 27, 2006 19 Urban Environment Company April 27, 2006 20 PMU of Water Drainage & Environment of April 27, 2006 Ha Long City 21 PMU of CDS Ha Long City April 27, 2006 22 Dept of Finance April 28, 2006 23 Dept of Education & Training April 29, 2006 24 Dept of Health April 29, 2006 25 Water Supply Company April 29, 2006 26 Dept of Industry April 28, 2006 27 Ha Long Electricity Branch April 28, 2006 28 Dept of Natural Resources & Environment April 29, 2006 Consultation with stake holds 29 City Father Land April 26, 2006 30 Viet Nam Women’s Union April 26, 2006 31 Farmer’s Association April 26, 2006 32 Women’s Union April 26, 2006 33 Veteran Association April 26, 2006 34 Red Cross Association April 26, 2006 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 204 advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 35 Children, Family & Population Committee April 26, 2006 36 People’s Committee of Bach Dang Ward April 26, 2006 37 People’s Committee of Hong Hai Ward April 27, 2006 38 People’s Committee of T.Hung Dao Ward April 27, 2006 39 People’s Committee of Cao Thang Ward April 27, 2006 40 People’s Committee of Yet Kieu Ward April 27, 2006 41 People’s Committee of Hong Ha Ward April 27, 2006 42 People’s Committee of Cao Xanh Ward April 27, 2006 43 People’s Committee of Ha Khanh Ward April 27, 2006 44 People’s Committee of Tuan Chau Ward April 28, 2006 45 People’s Committee of Tuan Chau Ward April 28, 2006 46 People’s Committee of Hung Thang Ward April 28, 2006 47 People’s Committee of Hong Gai Ward April 28, 2006 Phase 2 – Workshop organization 1 48 PMU of CDS for Ha Long April 28, 2006 Mr.Nguyen Van Tuan, Chairman of City 49 People’s Council of City June 29, 2006 Mrs.Vu Thị Tho, Vice Chairman 50 Viet Nam Coal, Mineral Industries Group June 29, 2006 Deputy Director (VINACOMIN) General Vu Manh Hung 51 Chamber of Trade and Industry in Quang June 29, 2006 Ninh 52 Management board of Ha Long Bay June 29, 2006 53 Quang Ninh Architects’ Association Dang Xuan Dinh, June 29, 2006 Chairman of board 54 People’s Committee of Ha Trung Ward & June 30, 2006 Chairman of PC of poor households in Ward Ward 55 People’s Committee of Ha Khanh Ward & June 30, 2006 Nguyen Thanh Son, poor households in Ward Chairman of PC of Ward 56 Depts, Sectors, Bureaus, divisions of — July 04, 2006 Nguyen Quang Hung, Workshop in Ha Long City Deputy Chairman of Province & Nguyen Van Tuan, Chairman of Ha Long City Phase 3 – Consultation with leaders of Depts. and Ha Long City about Themes 57 PMU of CDS Ha Long City Sept 25, 2006 Nguyen Van Tuan, Chairman of Ha Long City 58 PMU of Water Drainage and Environment Sept 25, 2006 (DANIDA) 59 Urban Environment Company Sept 25, 2006 60 Quang Ninh Water Drainage & Supply Sept 25, 2006 Company 61 Dept of Labor & Social Welfare Sept 26, 2006 62 Dept of Construction Sept 26, 2006 63 Women’s Union of Quang Ninh Province Sept 26, 2006 64 Quang Ninh Dept of Statistics Sept 26, 2006 65 PC of Ha Long City Sept 26, 2006 66 Urban management Bureau of Ha Long Sept 26, 2006 City 67 Home Affair Bureau Sept 26, 2006 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 205 advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 68 Finance & Planning Bureau Sept 26, 2006 69 Women’s Union of City Sept 26, 2006 70 Dept of Natural Resources & Environment Sept 26, 2006 71 Dept of Transportation Sept 26, 2006 72 Quang Ninh Dept of Tourism Sept 26, 2006 73 Quang Ninh Dept of Trade Sept 26, 2006 74 Economic Bureau of Ha Long City Sept 26, 2006 75 Trade&Tourism Bureau of Ha Long City Sept 26, 2006 76 Natural Resources & Environment Bureau Sept 26, 2006 of Ha Long City 77 PMU of Buildings of Ha Long City Sept 26, 2006 78 Office of PC of Ha Long City Sept 26, 2006 79 Quang Ninh Dept of Finance Sept 27, 2006 80 Quang Ninh Dept of Tax Sept 27, 2006 81 Ha Long Finance Bureau Sept 27, 2006 82 Industrial Joint Stock, Ha Long City Sept 27, 2006 Company 83 Huong Lan Service Joint Stock Company, Sept 27, 2006 Ha Long City 84 PC of Quang Ninh Province Sept 27, 2006 Nguyen Quang Hung, Deputy Chairman of Province 85 PC of Ha Long City & People’s Council of Sept 28, 2006 Leaders of PC of City & Ha Long City City People’s council Phase 4 - Workshop organization 2 86 Workshop in Ha Long Feb 09, 2007 Depts., units, sectors of Quang Ninh Province; Bureaus and Divisions of Ha Long City, Wards; Ha Long; City Committee of the Party; People’s council of Ha Long City. Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 206 advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 2.2. CAN THO CITY (4/2006 – 4/2007) No Consultation with Date Notes Phase 1 – Collect documents and work in consultation with stakeholders 1 Dept of Planning & Investment April 03, 2006 2 PC of Can Tho City, Project Steering April 04, 2006 Chairman of PC of Committee of City City 3 Leaders of PC of Wards and April 04, 2006 Communes under Can Tho City 4 Institute of Architecture & Planning- April 04, 2006 Dept of Construction 5 Dept of Construction April 04, 2006 6 PMU of processing & Industry zones April 04, 2006 7 Statistics Directorate April 04, 2006 8 Dept of Natural Resouces & April 05, 2006 environment 9 Dept of Industry April 05, 2006 10 Dept of science & technology April 05, 2006 11 Father Land April 05, 2006 12 Women’s Union April 05, 2006 13 Dept of Labor & Social Welfare April 06, 2006 14 Dept of Health April 06, 2006 15 Dept of Education April 06, 2006 16 Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and April 06, 2006 Industry (VCCI) Mekong 17 Dept of Tourism April 07, 2006 18 Dept of Trade April 07, 2006 19 Dept of Agriculture & Rural April 07, 2006 Development 20 Dept of Transportation & Public April 07, 2006 Works 21 PC of City April 07, 2006 2nd meeting received by Vice Chairman Phase 2 - Workshop organization 1 22 PMU of Can Tho June 19, 2006 Mr. Nguyen Van Tien 23 PMU of The Can Tho Southern Urban June 19, 2006 Area 24 Can Tho University June 19, 2006 25 Institute of Architecture & Planning - June 20, 2006 Mr. Tran Van An MOC 26 Can Tho Architects’Association June 20, 2006 Mr. Tran Kieu Dinh 27 Can Tho Farmer’s Association June 19, 2006 Mr. Ho Hoang Dieu, Vice Chairman 28 City People’s Council June 20, 2006 Mr.Le Van Phuoc, Chairman 29 Consultation with poor people at PC June 21, 2006 Meeting Women, of Thoi Long Ward Young people, Elder people at PC of Ward 30 PC of Trung Hung Ward June 21, 2006 Mrs. Nguyen Thi Le Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 207 advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 31 Depts., Authorities of City at Hosted by Phan June 23, 2006 Workshop Thanh Son, Vice Chairman of CT City Phase 3 – Work in Consultation with Authorities of Depts., units and leader of City about themes 32 PMU of The Can Tho southern urban Sept 13, 2006 Held at PC of Can Tho area City 33 Water Drainage and Supply Sept 13, 2006 Held at PC of Can Tho Company City 34 Can Tho Environment Company Sept 13, 2006 Held at PC of Can Tho City 35 Dept of Construction Sept 13, 2006 Held at PC of Can Tho City 36 Dept of Planning and Investment Sept 13, 2006 Held at PC of Can Tho City 37 Dept of Natural Resources & Sept 13, 2006 Held at PC of Can Tho Environment City 38 Dept of Tourism & Trade Sept 13, 2006 Meeting officers involved of PC of Can Tho City 39 Dept of Transportation Sept 13, 2006 Meeting officers involved of PC of Can Tho City 40 Can Tho PMU of Industrial Zone Sept 13, 2006 Meeting officers involved of PC of Can Tho City 41 Dept of Labor & Social Welfare Sept 14, 2006 Meeting officers involved of PC of Can Tho City 42 Statistics Directorate Sept 14, 2006 Meeting officers involved of PC of Can Tho City 43 Can Tho Women’s Union Sept 14, 2006 Meeting officers involved of PC of Can Tho City 44 Dept of Finance Sept 14, 2006 Meeting officers involved of PC of Can Tho City 45 United Nail Company, private Sept 15, 2006 Director company on Tra Noc Industrial Zone 46 PC of Wards under City Sept 15, 2006 Meeting officers involved of PC of Can Tho City 47 Leaders of PC of Can Tho City Sept 15, 2006 Phase 4 – Workshop organization 2 48 Final Workshop at Can Tho City Feb 01, 2007 Depts., Units, PC of Wards under Can Tho City Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 208 advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance APPENDIX 5 DOCUMENTS/REFERENCE OF CAN THO 1. Construction general plan for Can Tho city until 2025 2. 30 years in the construction and development process of Can Tho city period 1975- 2005 3. List of key projects in Can Tho city period 2005-2007 4. Housing development program period 2010-2020 5. Housing figures, general census and housing 6. Electricity development plan for Can Tho city 7. Existing figures of urban water sewage system in Can Tho, 2005 8. Programs, projects using ODA during this period (from 1/2006) 9. Current figures of population at working age 10. Potentials and opportunities in Can Tho 11. Report upon local budget allocation 12. Adopted Resolution of lists and fee paying level in Can Tho city 13. Report on local contribution to state budget 14. Overall budget statement of local budget expense in 2004 15. Vocational training programs of Can Tho city period 2006-2010 16. Final report of patriotic movements proposed by Fatherland Front period 2000-2006 17. Socio-Economic situation of Cuu Long river delta in 2005 18. Socio-Economic figures of Cuu Long river delta period 2000-2004 19. Existing land use map 20. Administrative map 21. List of prioritized projects of the Can Tho City Dept of Tourism 22. List of prioritized projects of the Can Tho City Dept of Agriculture and Rural Development 23. Preliminary report prepared by the Can Tho City Dept of Agriculture and Rural Development 24. Irrigation projects 25. Project to provide medical support for Cuu Long river delta 26. Plan making for markets and super markets system 27. Plan making for petroleum and petrol shops system 28. Development strategy of regional transportation for Cuu Long river delta 29. Transportation Master plan of Can Tho province (former version) 30. Development program of Can Tho City’s transportation infrastructure 31. Program to monitor existing status and development orientation for Culture and Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 209 advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance Information sector at district and town level – Can Tho city (2006-2010) 32. Decision on development plan of institution in culture and information at local level (No 271/2005/QD-TTg) 33. Resolution of Can Tho city people’s council (Draft city budget of annual budgetary appropriations (No 82/BC-UBND) 34. Report on administrative reforms of Can Tho city in 2005 and its directions, tasks in 2006 35. Report upon construction implementation of residential areas and resettlement in 2005 (No 101/BC, KHDT) 36. Report on surveying poor households according to new poor threshold and policies, solutions to the implementation of poverty alleviation programs in the period 2006- 2010 (No 90 Dept of Labor & Social Welfare) 37. Report on planning situation, management and implementation in city in 2005, State management of planning in 2006 and plan making for the period 2006-2010 (No 157/BC-SXD) 38. Submission paper of the development and planning for state owned Medical care network in Can Tho city period 2006-2010 and orientation toward 2020 (No 52/TTr- UBND) 39. Resolution of the development and planning for state owned Medical care network in Can Tho city period 2006-2010 and orientation toward 2020 (2005/NQ-HDND) 40. Estimated allocation of construction capital in 2006 – State capital sources 41. Resolution of implemented tasks in socio-economic development and Security and Defense in 2005 and directions and tasks in 2006 (No/2005/NQ-HDND) 42. Submission paper of approving city’s draft budget in 2004 (No50/TTr-UBND) 43. Resolution of approving city’s draft budget in 2004 (No /2005/NQ-HDND) 44. Report on the implementation of People’s council Resolution of socio-economic development, security – defense in 2005 and its directions, tasks in 2006 (No 88/BC- UBND) 45. Providing documents for PMU of Can Tho City Development Strategy (No60/CTY, CTDT-KH) 46. Draft Decision 2005/QD-TTg of Socio-economic development in the Mekong river delta 2006-2010 47. Socio-economic development Master plan for Can Tho city until 2020 48. Socio-economic development plan for 5 year period 2006-2010 for Can Tho city 49. Socio-economic development plan for Can Tho city 2006 50. Reviewing and supplementary report upon agriculture plan for Can Tho city until 2010 and orientation towards 2020 51. Report on “ Can Tho hi-tech agriculture development and construction program – Department of agriculture and rural development 52. Commerce development program period 2006-2010 and vision towards 2020 for Can Tho city 53. Industry development plan for Can Tho city until 2015 and orientation towards 2020 Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 210 advisor of World Bank City Development Strategies (CDS) for Medium-Size Cities in Vietnam: Can Tho and Ha Long financed by Cities Alliance 54. Tourism development plan for Can Tho city until 2015 and orientation towards 2020 55. Synthetic report upon socio-economic situation of Can Tho City period 2000-2005. Documents for city party congress 56. Statistical yearbook 2005 – Can Tho and figures on socio-economic of Cuu Long river delta 2005. Statistical Department of Can Tho city 57. Job settlement and poverty alleviation program for Can Tho city 2006-2010 58. Final report upon Job settlement and poverty alleviation national objective program 2001-2005 59. Report upon poverty and gap between the rich and the poor existing situation in Can Tho city 60. Preliminary report on canvass campaign “day for the poor� initiated by Homeland front committee. 61. Final report upon activities of Can Tho city women’s union in 2005 and work schedule in 2006 62. Final report on association’s works and farmer movement in 2006 63. (Draft) Program of Human resource Education and Training Development for Can Tho city in the period of 2006 - 2010, vision toward 2020 - Can Tho City People's Committee 64. 2004’s budget statement, budget report December 2005 and budget estimate 2006 65. Decision 32/2005/QD-UB on applying preferential policies to encourage investment in Can Tho city 66. Resolution 45 of the Politburo on building and developing Can Tho city in the country’s modernization and industrialization process 67. Decision 42/2006/QD-TTg of the Prime Minister on some preferential financial and budget mechanisms for Can Tho Prepared by National Institute for Urban and Rural Planning (NIURP) under Vietnam Ministry of Construction with techinal 211 advisor of World Bank