63221 2010 ANNUAL REPORT MISSION The Energy Sector Management Assistance Program (ESMAP) is a global knowledge and technical assistance program administered by the World Bank. Its mission is to assist low- and middle-income countries to increase know-how and institutional capacity to achieve environmentally sustainable energy solutions for poverty reduction and economic growth. CONTENTS FOREWORD ............................................................................................................................ iii CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 1 How ESMAP Works ........................................................................................................... 1 ESMAP’s Core Functions in 2010 ....................................................................................... 1 Global Energy Challenges .................................................................................................. 2 CHAPTER 2. BETTER-INFORMED POLICYMAKING ................................................................ 5 Power Sector Vulnerability Assessments............................................................................. 5 Low Carbon Development in Brazil, India and Mexico ......................................................... 6 Wind Energy in Colombia ................................................................................................... 7 Concentrated Solar Power Initiative in Middle East and North Africa ................................... 7 Regional Power Sector Integration ...................................................................................... 8 Action Plan for Energy Access Scale-up in Africa ..............................................................10 CHAPTER 3. ENHANCED CLIENT CAPACITY ....................................................................... 13 Renewable Energy Market Reform in Philippines .............................................................. 13 Energy Access in Africa ................................................................................................... 13 Capacity Building for Electricity Market Operations in Turkey .............................................16 Gender Sensitivity in Energy Policies and Projects in Africa ...............................................16 CHAPTER 4. CUTTING-EDGE SOLUTIONS ........................................................................... 19 Energy Efficient Cities Initiative Case Study Database ....................................................... 19 Smart Metering in Hungary .............................................................................................. 19 Assessing Social Impacts of Rural Energy in Nepal ........................................................... 20 Innovative Tools ............................................................................................................... 20 CHAPTER 5. FINANCIAL REVIEW ........................................................................................ 23 Contributions Received .................................................................................................... 23 Disbursements .................................................................................................................24 CHAPTER 6. PORTFOLIO REVIEW ....................................................................................... 27 Monitoring and Evaluation System .................................................................................... 27 Objectives ....................................................................................................................... 27 Methodology ................................................................................................................... 27 Next Steps ...................................................................................................................... 28 ESMAP Portfolio Review, Fiscal Years 2009-2011 ............................................................ 28 ANNEX 1. ESMAP TEAM 2010 ..............................................................................................31 ANNEX 2. PROCEEDINGS FROM CG MEETING 2010........................................................... 33 ANNEX 3. M&E FRAMEWORK: STATUS OF PROGRAM OUTPUTS, FISCAL 2009-2010 ....... 37 ANNEX 4. COMPLETED, NEW, AND ONGOING ACTIVITIES, FISCAL YEAR 2010 .................. 45 ANNEX 5. COMMUNICATIONS, FISCAL YEAR 2010..............................................................51 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS .................................................................................... 57 2010 ANNUAL REPORT II FOREWORD E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M FOREWORD 2010 ANNUAL REPORT III F FOREWORD or more than 25 years, the ESMAP program has been assisting low- and middle-income countries adopt environmentally sustainable energy solutions that support economic growth and reduce poverty. In 2010, our actions were guided by ESMAP’s Strategic Business Plan 2008–13, which identifies three priorities: energy security, energy access, and climate change. With infrastructure financing reduced as a and regulatory reform, among others. Our goal result of the global recession, many low-income is to provide clients with a bridge to a sustain- countries are struggling to meet rising demand able energy future. for energy services. At the same time, climate change presents new challenges to generate This year, a review of ESMAP’s portfolio provided energy from low-carbon sources and assess a scorecard on results and impacts on activities climate impacts on energy systems, while also carried out since fiscal year 2009: using energy more efficiently. ESMAP has supported more than 200 ESMAP provides advice to countries seeking analytical and advisory activities, with about energy solutions in this complex and rapidly- US$50 million in grants disbursed. changing terrain. It provides methodologies Seventy ESMAP activities influenced about countries can use to analyze their current US$16 billion in World Bank Group (WBG) energy resource endowments and consumption financing for energy projects in developing patterns, as well as identify potential energy countries. sources. The program also acts as a broker, ESMAP activities have underpinned scale- connecting world-class experts with decision- up programs for concentrating solar power makers charged with charting new energy in the Middle East and North Africa and in paths. For many countries, this means bigger India, and for wind power in Mexico, several investments in renewable sources of energy— Investment Plans for the Climate Investment wind, solar, geothermal, and hydropower—and Funds, and transformative country sector energy effi ciency. ESMAP is supporting this dialogues in China, Egypt, India, Philippines, transformation through analytical work such Turkey, and Vietnam. as power sector vulnerability assessments; ESMAP has supported Lighting Africa energy efficiency case studies; transmission in transforming the market for off-grid systems planning; and advice on procurement lighting products and the development of E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT IV sector-wide investment prospectuses in their energy efficiency performance and Kenya and Rwanda that mobilized over prioritize investments. FOREWORD US$1 billion for the two countries’ energy access programs. Over the past year, we have focused on building Over 30 countries developed energy strat- longer-term strategic partnerships with coun- egies, policies, institutions, or new legisla- tries and regions to achieve “win-win-win” tion and regulations based on analyses and energy solutions that are at once pro-poor, pro- recommendations provided by 38 ESMAP growth, and climate-resilient. This task requires activities. innovation, partnerships, and responsiveness to In 40 countries, ESMAP’s support strength- client countries. ened their capacity to implement national programs to improve energy sector perfor- mance and governance, increase access to reliable modern energy services, renewable energy deployment, and energy efficiency investments. ESMAP has pioneered planning tools for low carbon and climate resilient energy sector Rohit Khanna development, as well as a computer-based Program Manager diagnostic tool for city authorities to assess Energy Sector Management Assistance Program E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT V FOREWORD E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT VI CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M CHAPTER 1 . INTRODUCTION 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 1 CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION HOW ESMAP WORKS ESMAP’S CORE FUNCTIONS IN 2010 ESMAP’s Strategic Business Plan for 2008– 2013 identifies its thematic priorities as energy A think tank, ESMAP has sponsored high- security, energy access, and climate change. quality advice to policymakers on efficient energy solutions. ESMAP provides analytical services, tech- A convening body, ESMAP has organized nical assistance, capacity-building and project and supported knowledge-sharing activities development advice to countries seeking solu- and training events. tions to address any or all of these priorities. A capacity-builder, ESMAP has developed The program draws on the expertise of energy toolkits and learning materials that equip economists, engineers, policy analysts, and clients to design and manage energy sector financial specialists from the World Bank, as programs. well as other organizations, public and private, A partner, ESMAP has provided timely, to provide the best available analyses and focused technical assistance to resolve recommendations tailored to clients’ needs. upstream project design issues. ESMAP is the primary source of funding in the ESMAP is administered by the World Bank World Bank for analytical and advisory activi- and governed by a Consultative Group (CG) ties within the energy sector. Each year, in part- composed of representatives of Australia, Austria, nership with others, ESMAP supports analytical Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, studies that lead to development of national, Iceland, the Netherlands, Norway, Sweden, the sub-national and regional energy projects United Kingdom, and the World Bank. and programs that are often later supported by World Bank financing. Much of the Bank’s A Technical Advisory Group (TAG) of internation- energy sector policy dialogue and many lending ally recognized experts selected by the CG provides programs are enabled, in part, by ESMAP’s informed and independent opinions to the CG about “upstream” support. Since its inception in 1983, strategic directions and thematic priorities for ESMAP has supported more than 800 activities ESMAP while highlighting emerging global issues in over 100 countries. in the energy sector likely to affect ESMAP’s clients. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT CONSULTATIVE GROUP MEMBERS TECHNICAL ADVISORY GROUP MEMBERS FISCAL YEAR 2010 FISCAL YEAR 2010 Australia Germany Elizabeth Cecelski Austria Iceland Amitav Rath Canada Norway Winfried Rijssenbeek Denmark Sweden 2 Finland The Netherlands France United Kingdom oil imports relative to national income are espe- cially vulnerable to the destabilizing effects of oil Cosponsoring Organization price shocks. In the most vulnerable countries, CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION The World Bank Group sustained high fuel prices threaten to roll back gains in poverty reduction. To ensure long-term energy security, countries GLOBAL ENERGY CHALLENGES must invest in energy efficiency, renewable energy technologies, diversification of supply, Energy Security and improved sector governance. A key require- Turmoil in the world’s energy and financial ment is an effective policy and institutional frame- markets has pushed energy security to the top work, including efficient energy pricing, sound of the policy agenda for many countries. Steep planning and sector regulation. increases in fossil fuel prices over the past decade have constrained energy supply for many nations, Long-term energy security depends on timely taking a toll on energy-intensive industries and investments. However, the recent downturn in playing havoc with balance of payments. Oil—and global credit markets has jeopardized countries’ energy prices in general—are expected to remain ability to meet energy investment targets, as the at historic highs, while long-term price outlooks availability and cost of financing has grown uncer- are uncertain. Low-income countries with large net tain. Although credit market conditions improved E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT in 2010, international financial markets remain Climate Change volatile due to high government debt levels in Addressing climate change is critical to develop- several high-income countries. As a result, in ment and poverty reduction. Recently completed some countries, energy projects foundered as and ongoing analytical work by the World Bank financiers withdrew or raised financing charges confirms that the poorest countries stand to to cover increased risks. Meanwhile, other proj- suffer the earliest and the most from the effects ects are subject to more stringent approval thresh- of climate change. In the energy sector, energy olds by lenders. Some commercial lenders are used for transport is a major source of green- 3 withdrawing from energy project loan syndication house gas (GHG) emissions, accounting for because of capital constraints, while others seek to about 65 percent of emissions worldwide. In the preserve their capital base, to remain sufficiently course of this century, as developing countries CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION liquid and meet reserve requirements. In the face raise living standards, global energy demand is of these obstacles, some ESMAP clients may face expected to more than triple. This rising energy the prospect of postponing or even cancelling demand must be met by a concerted effort to essential investments in the energy sector. transform energy systems to sustainable, low- carbon sources, while also making more effi- Energy Poverty cient use of energy. About 1.4 billion of the world’s people still lack access to electricity and about 2.7 billion rely Mitigation and Adaptation on biomass—wood, charcoal, crop waste and Although energy sector practitioners have recog- dung—for cooking. Inevitably, the choking smoke nized the potential impacts of climate change, from indoor wood burning causes respiratory their response has focused mainly on GHG miti- diseases such as pneumonia and emphysema, gation rather than on the risks climate change killing over 1.6 million people a year, most of them poses for energy services and resources. The fact women and children. ESMAP is working across is that climate change will directly affect energy sectors to respond to the need for expanding resource endowment, infrastructure, and trans- access to electrify and to promote other produc- portation, while indirectly affecting water and tive uses of electricity supply. agriculture in multiple and complex ways within the energy sector. To tackle and—“manage the Access to modern, affordable and reliable energy unavoidable”—involves considering the impact of services is essential to achieving the Millennium climate change on existing and planned energy Development Goals. Without electric light, heat infrastructure, to avoid locking in unsustainable and appliances, access to other essential services practices today through investments in long-lived and conditions — water, sanitation, nutritious infrastructure for the future. food, safe childbirth, schools and study space— is impaired. Innovative programs and incentives To achieve a concerted effort to assist its clients, are needed to develop and deliver energy solu- ESMAP has produced energy assessments tions that bridge this access gap. In particular, focusing on the key components of successful many developing countries require assistance energy policies and practices. Chapter 2 explores in developing strong institutions for the design these and other ways in which ESMAP has and implementation of energy initiatives, durable helped developing nations make better-informed financial mechanisms, and transparent legal and policymaking. regulatory frameworks that encourage public- private partnerships. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 4 CHAPTER 2. BETTER-INFORMED POLICYMAKING E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M CHAPTER 2 . BETTER-INFORMED POLICYMAKING 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 5 A CHAPTER 2. BETTER-INFORMED POLICYMAKING s ESMAP’s clients map out their energy futures, they seek fresh ideas to shift to a low carbon, energy-efficient development path. They must also cope with the effects of the global credit crunch, volatile energy prices, and continuing climate variability. ESMAP’s energy assessments focus on the key components of successful energy policy and practices. ESMAP mobilizes financial, technical, analytical and capacity-building support for developing countries in their efforts to design and implement energy policies that promote sustainable growth. POWER SECTOR VULNERABILITY interventions. Proposals include a plan to close ASSESSMENTS the financing gap for power sector investment programs, and identify high-priority projects Since 2009, ESMAP has supported rapid diag- suitable for WBG support. nostic assessments of the short- to medium- term effects of the global financial crisis on key Although most developing countries have been investments in the power sector in 19 devel- affected by the financial crisis, the severity of its oping countries aimed at providing informed impact on the power sector varies from country strategic responses from the WBG. Each country to country, depending on underlying macro- assessment defines how the crisis affects the economic conditions, and the level of sector power sector, identifies measures that could reforms achieved before the crisis. For example, counter adverse effects, and proposes options in the Kyrgyz Republic, the financial crisis has for implementing those measures—including compounded long-running systemic challenges filling potential financing gaps. in the power sector, creating “crisis-within-the- crisis” conditions. While the credit crunch and These assessments combine research and economic contraction has dampened demand analysis of economic and financial data with for electricity—providing temporary relief from wide-ranging interviews and surveys of govern- permanent power shortage—these factors also ment agencies, project sponsors, project finan- constrained urgently-needed financing. ciers, and other stakeholders. Each assessment reviews the country’s financing needs, exam- For some countries, vulnerability assessments ines investment plans, and proposes specific have revealed large funding gaps. For instance, E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT in Ukraine, the estimated power sector investment Poland, and South Africa—to assess their low needs for the period 2009–2015 were estimated carbon development priorities and identify GHG at US$38 billion, of which only US$7 billion had mitigation opportunities. In-depth studies under- been covered by the end of 2010. Particularly, this taken by ESMAP in each of these countries have assessment calls for careful prioritization of the identified the financial, technical and policy investment program and provides policymakers requirements for transitioning to a lower carbon with a systematic framework of selection criteria. development path. The studies—developed 6 Various options, including private sector financing, in collaboration with governments, the private are offered to fill the massive financing gap. In sector and other stakeholders—address carbon Egypt, the vulnerability assessment also identi- reduction opportunities in energy, industry, trans- fied a big financing gap in the medium term: the port, and natural resource management. Another CHAPTER 2. BETTER-INFORMED POLICYMAKING projected annual investment requirements show component of theses in-depth studies is the inte- a steep increase from US$0.5 billion in 2009 to gration of policy and implementation advice. US$3 billion between 2010 and 2017. As a result, several priority projects identified in the assess- The result in each study is a framework for ment are being prepared for World Bank financing. evidence-based decision-making that can support strategic, sustainable, and cost-effective low While the financial crisis has created uncer- carbon growth, harness climate finance oppor- tainty about the availability and cost of medium- tunities, while also increasing national competitive- term financing for power sector investments, ness and know-how. This fiscal year, studies were it is also true that the financial performance of completed for Brazil, India and Mexico. most national electric utilities has deteriorated as demand has dropped and tariffs have not been The ESMAP study in Brazil revealed that GHG emis- properly adjusted due to social or political consid- sions could be reduced by up to 37 percent over erations. Higher budget deficits have constrained the next 20 years while maintaining its develop- public sector financing, resulting in cancelled ment goals without negatively affecting growth or and/or postponed projects. Debt financing now jobs. The study identified reducing deforestation as demands harder terms: higher interest rates, Brazil’s most effective potential emission reduction shorter maturities, more stringent approval thresh- measure; it concluded that deforestation could be olds and guarantee requirements. Equity financing reduced from its 1996-2005 average level by more has been the hardest hit source of financing for than 80 percent by 2017. private investors. And, because public sector financing on this scale is limited by severe fiscal In contrast, Mexico is already implementing pressures, the vulnerability assessments provide measures to reduce GHG emissions, but it is also national policymakers with an enabling policy Latin America’s largest consumer of fossil fuels. The framework to attract private investment through case study identifies 40 short-term, low-cost actions new mechanisms, including debt capital market to reduce emissions in transport, power generation, instruments, such as corporate bonds and deben- oil and gas, agriculture and forestry, as well as a tures, as has been the case in Egypt. host of energy-efficiency measure. The study also identified regulatory, institutional, and market barriers to implementation that prevent many interventions LOW CARBON DEVELOPMENT from occurring rapidly or at scale. IN BRAZIL, INDIA, AND MEXICO Different is the case in India, facing triple ESMAP has worked with seven emerging econ- constraints of availability of reliable and afford- omies—Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, Mexico, able energy sources, financing, and institutional E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT capacity, including availability of adequate companies to cover their costs during periods human resources—to carry out the ambitious of low demand, or low wind. Such payments, goals outlined in National Action Plan for Climate the report explains, can be calculated through Change (NAPCC). The low carbon case study formulas that measure and illustrate how wind supported by ESMAP offered an opportunity for complements the energy source mix in Colombia. policy-makers to reassess the validity of sector plans and other proposed actions in the NAPCC. The case study helped improve policymakers’ CONCENTRATED SOLAR 7 analytical capacity to identify low carbon growth POWER INITIATIVE IN MIDDLE opportunities through a collaborative effort to EAST AND NORTH AFRICA develop an engineering-style model that was CHAPTER 2. BETTER-INFORMED POLICYMAKING used as a consensus-building and planning tool Concentrating solar power (CSP) could meet up to analyze key sectors. to seven percent of the world’s projected power needs in 2030 and about 25 percent in 2050. One of the major policy impacts of the India low CSP is of particular interest to utilities consid- carbon growth study was bridging the “dialogue ering renewable sources because it is seen as and knowledge gap” between policy-makers at less expensive, more scalable and—because it the national and international level. In essence, can store heat—making it continuously available, the study shed light on what “was, is and will unlike photovoltaic solar power. ever be possible” in the context of India when development and implementation constraints are Following a regional assessment of issues involved objectively integrated. in realizing the potential for CSP use in the Middle East and North Africa, ESMAP is supporting a region-wide CSP Scale-Up Initiative. The region’s WIND ENERGY IN COLOMBIA abundant sunshine, low precipitation and vacant land near transmission lines are obvious competi- Renewable energy sources could help Colombia tive assets. Extensive consultations and capacity- maintain the low carbon footprint of its power building activities in Algeria, Egypt, Jordan, sector, while producing enough power to meet Morocco, and Tunisia are helping these coun- twice the country’s energy demands. An ESMAP tries leverage resources to assess the feasibility study concluded that wind power is a realistic of CSP projects, and consider investing in them. renewable energy alternative in Colombia, given its technical maturity, its low cost relative to The success of a regional CSP initiative such other sources, its potential, and the country’s as this calls for local manufacturers. Despite experience with wind power. But the study also favorable production costs and abundant raw concluded that current regulatory and financial materials, challenges remain. Such as pricing conditions in Colombia reduce the competitive- regimes favoring conventional thermal power ness of wind projects, including some currently generation. To mitigate costs, ESMAP has under consideration. The study, prepared in provided guidance on sustainable incentive consultation with experts in the sector, outlined schemes and regulatory frameworks. These policy options to remove existing barriers to incentive schemes and regulatory frameworks investment in wind power. Among the instru- must be integrated into broader national energy ments proposed are long-term, low interest policies and strategies for industrial develop- financing instruments, and regulatory changes. ment. An initiative such as the creation of The last instrument includes reliability payments technology parks, regional platforms, and paid by governments or regulators to power joint ventures could boost local manufactures, E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 8 CHAPTER 2. BETTER-INFORMED POLICYMAKING attracting expertise, helping overcome barriers REGIONAL POWER SECTOR to innovation and expanding access to informa- INTEGRATION tion and investors. Another area for development Regional integration of the power sector across is in workforce education, and general access several developing countries can achieve econ- to knowledge, both of which are essential to omies-of-scale that enhance long-term energy development of local manufacturing. security, as well as provide reliable, affordable electricity for industry, agriculture and house- ESMAP has also cited CSP storage, dispatch- hold consumers. Increased electricity coop- ability, output guarantees, long-distance eration and trade that results from regional transmission, and grid interconnection as areas power sector integration (RPSI) can also requiring more research and development. If attract increased investment, facilitate public international CSP manufacturers invest locally, financing, enable greater renewable energy ESMAP estimates the impact on the region’s penetration, and create synergies by sharing growth domestic product (GDP) could be as high complementary resources. But integration is as US$14.3 billion and the impact on foreign often complex, requiring extensive negotia- trade as high as US$3.3 billion—leading to about tions to align investment decisions, recon- 180,000 new jobs. cile regulatory environments, build regional E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT institutions and find financing. These chal- BOX 2.1: FAILURE TO REALIZE REGIONAL lenges have been complicated by the financial POWER INVESTMENT GAINS | THE CASE crisis, and caused delays in the development OF THE SOUTHERN AFRICAN POWER POOL of several RPSI schemes. Despite the slow- (SAAP) down, however, no RPSI schemes have been abandoned or reversed. The Southern African Power Pool (SAPP) has nine interconnected operating members (Botswana, Twelve case studies of RPSI projects were Democratic Republic of the Congo, Lesotho, 9 Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, completed in fiscal year 2010 under ESMAP’s Zambia, and Zimbabwe) and three nonoperating Regional Energ y Integration Strategies members (Angola, Malawi, and Tanzania). SAPP’s Program. These studies addressed bilateral 2025 Pool Plan requires an investment of US$89 CHAPTER 2. BETTER-INFORMED POLICYMAKING trade agreements covering energy, multi- billion to construct 57,000 MW of new generation country trading regimes under regional rules, capacity, plus funding for transmission lines. This cost is US$48 billion or 45% less than the sum of and fully-integrated competitive transnational the national power development plans for meeting markets. Together, they provide a series of the projected demand. This saving should galvanize in-depth policy lessons, drawn from diverse SAPP members to implement the regional invest- experiences on how to solve energy challenges ment strategy, but experience is not encouraging. through regional cooperation. SAPP members ignored the previous Pool Plan, announced in 2001, because the region ESMAP’s report, Regional Power Sector had surplus capacity. By 2007–08, however, Integration, Lessons from Global Case Studies the surplus had been exhausted and member and a Literature Review, examines how inte- countries suffered blackouts and load shedding. gration projects deal with key aspects, such as The same fate could befall the new Pool Plan. Because of regional shortages, countries are now finding the right level of integration, optimizing investing in electricity but they are keener than investment across a region, building appro- ever to pursue their national investment strate- priate institutions, and harmonizing technical gies. The lack of adequate reserves is expected and regulatory differences. Demonstrating to last at least until 2013. what has worked and what hasn’t in distinct regions, the report presents practical lessons to help policy-makers identify solutions (Box 2.1). Among them: Achieving full integration can take decades, but many factors—including institutional capacity—can speed the Because the strongest institutions grow move from intermediate to higher levels organically from local initiatives, countries of integration. should explore opportunities to build on Optimizing generation and transmission existing arrangements before creating new investment on a regional basis can substan- institutions. tially reduce costs. Competitive power markets are not a Explicit benefit-sharing mechanisms, such prerequisite; RPSI can accommodate as allocating shares in cross-border proj- different degrees of power sector reform ects, may help overcome reluctance to through careful design. implement regional plans. Enhanced RPSI can increase renewable Although regional institutions are vital, no energy penetration, except for non- hydro- single institutional form is appropriate for power energy sources at low penetration all integration schemes. levels. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT ACTION PLAN FOR ENERGY ESMAP and the Africa Renewable Energy ACCESS SCALE-UP IN AFRICA Access Program (AFREA), a joint initiative of ESMAP and the World Bank’s Africa energy Many African countries face a chronic electricity unit, assisted Kenya and Rwanda in developing crisis, combining low access, frequent blackouts, comprehensive, sector-wide programs to expand and high costs. With coverage reaching only a access to electricity by using innovative plan- quarter of the population continent-wide, Africa’s ning tools, including geospatial access planning, 10 electricity gap undermines business potential, a least-cost financing program, and a sector reduces productivity and impairs delivery of financing model. Using a sector-wide approach public services including health care, transport (SWAp), governments in both countries devel- and education. Economic growth and human oped an investment prospectus, underpinned CHAPTER 2. BETTER-INFORMED POLICYMAKING development have been compromised as a by policy and institutional reform, with stretch result. Bridging Africa’s electricity gap demands targets for improved reliability, connectivity, and urgent action. supply of electricity (Box 2.2). BOX 2.2: ESMAP AND ENERGY ACCESS: OBSERVABLE RESULTS AND OUTCOMES Informed Bank Lending: As a result of the ESMAP-AFREA support for Implementing the Action Plan for Energy Access Scale-Up in Africa, a World Bank-financed Rwanda Electricity Access Scale-up and Sector-Wide Approach Development Project was approved, including a US$51 million National Grid rollout component to increase access to electricity for areas identified in the ESMAP-funded National Electricity Access Program (NEAP), as suitable for grid connection. Similarly, the World Bank-financed Kenya Electricity Expansion Project, approved in May 2010, has a US$34 million subcomponent to elec- trify rural schools, health clinics, and public buildings identified as priority loads. Informed Bank Strategy: The activity introduced a sector-wide approach in preparing national electricity access programs in Kenya and Rwanda. The subsequent World Bank Rwanda Country Assistance Strategy includes support for energy sector reform, comprising an energy sector-wide approach to expand access. Similarly, a 2010-2013 World Bank Country Partnership Strategy for Kenya includes a commitment to support a sector-wide approach in multiple sectors, including energy. Mobilization of Funds from Development Community: At a donors’ round table held on March 23, 2009, in Kigali, Rwanda, partners and sector institutions pledged contributions totaling US$228 million to imple- ment the ESMAP-AFREA-supported, fi ve-year energy access program for Rwanda. Similarly in Kenya, the prospectus was presented on October 22, 2009 at a donor conference, where development partners confirmed the funding of US$1.5 billion for the program. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 11 CHAPTER 2. BETTER-INFORMED POLICYMAKING E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 12 CHAPTER 3. ENHANCED CLIENT CAPACIT Y E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M CHAPTER 3 . ENHANCED CLIENT CAPACITY 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 13 D CHAPTER 3. ENHANCED CLIENT CAPACIT Y eveloping countries are working to provide their citizens with afford- able and reliable energy services in an environmentally sustainable way. ESMAP’s goal is to help countries build institutional capacity and know-how to develop and implement policy reform measures and robust strategies to meet short-, medium, and long-term challenges to their national energy systems. RENEWABLE ENERGY MARKET support the development of renewable energy REFORM IN PHILIPPINES markets, specifically feed-in tariffs, renewable portfolio standards, and green certificates. They Through the Renewable Energy Market also examined challenges in integrating renew- Transformation Initiative (REMTI), ESMAP helps able energy with transmission development and countries develop national strategies to promote reliable system operation. development of renewable energy technologies. In the Philippines, ESMAP supported the govern- To help the Philippines attract the private sector ment’s development of a comprehensive policy investment needed to mainstream renewable implementation framework to develop diversified energy, ESMAP is helping policymakers design a renewable energy sources. The country plans mechanism whereby tariffs—including consumer to double its renewable energy capacity within and feed-in tariffs—can cover the incremental 20 years, to become the world’s top geothermal costs to renewable energy developers. The ESMAP power producer and Southeast Asia’s largest study will also provide guidance on pricing and wind power producer. ESMAP’s support includes contracting mechanisms for renewable power capacity-building and technical assistance for generation, such as mid-size geothermal. energy sector reform initiatives undertaken by the Energy Regulation Commission and the National Renewable Energy Board. ENERGY ACCESS IN AFRICA: AFREA With ESMAP’s assistance, practitioners are planning a transmission system expansion that Africa has the lowest electrification rate of all the connects renewable energy with existing grids in continents at 26 percent of households; about the archipelago. At an April 2010 workshop, poli- 547 million people lack access to electricity. On cymakers and practitioners learned about other current trends, less than half of African countries countries’ experience using mechanisms which will reach universal access to electricity even by E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 14 CHAPTER 3. ENHANCED CLIENT CAPACIT Y 2050. In fact, the number of people without implementation of electrification—rural, peri- access to energy in sub-Saharan African coun- urban, and urban; on-grid and off-grid. The tries is projected to rise by about 100 million AEI initiative disseminates information through in 2030, despite current efforts to reduce this an online discussion network and library that number. In the rural areas, the picture is worse: provides rural electrification practitioners with fewer than 10 percent of rural households in access to rural electrification acts, opera- Sub-Saharan Africa have access to electricity. tional manuals of rural electrification funds, and technical specifications for concession Persistent and multiple problems are behind this contracts, among others. Both the library and situation. They include a shortage of funding, as forum enable interactions that equip practi- well as policy vacuums, or inappropriate, even tioners with tools and knowledge to plan and counterproductive policies and programs that implement electrification. AFREA has also place obstacles in the way of expanding energy produced technical papers on regulation, services to the poor. Knowledge gaps are an carbon finance opportunities, and photovol- important cause of these problems, and the taic systems and solutions. ESMAP-AFREA programs are working to bridge them by providing Africa’s energy decision-makers Lighting Africa and regulators with access to information on The ESMAP-AFREA programs supported worldwide experience with energy laws, regula- Lighting Africa initiative bolsters the develop- tions and institutions. ment of commercial off-grid lighting markets, with activities such as the Lighting Africa In this respect, ESMAP and AFREA have International Business Conference and Trade supported the Africa Electrification Initiative Fair, held in May 2010 in Nairobi, Kenya. (AEI), which is helping countries create a This event, the second of its kind, helped living body of practical knowledge and a nurture international and African lighting network of practitioners in the design and partnerships and disseminated knowledge E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT on energy markets and practices. More than BOX 3.1: LIGHTING AFRICA EXPANSION PLANS 600 participants attended, and 85 percent reported high satisfaction with the event. The Lighting Africa team has developed materials The results of the Lighting Africa quality assur- and tools, such as a market development campaign ance activities have led to the development to stimulate off-grid lighting market development in Sub-Saharan countries not yet participating in and publishing of a low-cost methodology the Lighting Africa program. for testing quality of portable off-grid light- emitting diode (LED) lighting systems, and in These tools respond to a growing interest by 15 turn are transferred to laboratories in Kenya governments in Sub Saharan Africa to integrate and Senegal. Over 30 products available in support to affordable quality off-grid lighting in their rural energy programs. the African market have been tested, of CHAPTER 3. ENHANCED CLIENT CAPACIT Y which 8 have passed the quality tests and are Responding to this demand, Lighting Africa is being supported by Lighting Africa activities, currently assisting governments in Ethiopia, such as the consumer awareness campaign Liberia, Mali, Senegal and Tanzania in replicating (Box 3.1). successful approaches piloted by Lighting Africa in Ghana and Kenya. Expansion to additional countries, such as the Democratic Republic of The Lighting Africa Development Marketplace— Congo, Nigeria and Rwanda is now being explored. funded by ESMAP and AFREA— awarded 16 innovation grants to private sector and nongovernment groups for innovative design and delivery of low-cost, high-quality lighting products not based on fossil fuels. The target market for these products is among off-grid, low-income consumers. An evaluation report CAPACITY BUILDING FOR will be published in fiscal year 2011. ELECTRICITY MARKET OPERATIONS IN TURKEY Lighting Africa has also launched an educa- In Turkey, electricity sector reforms have boosted tional campaign to encourage people in rural the share of renewable energy sources—primarily Kenya to adopt solar lighting. Dubbed “Zonga hydropower and wind—in the supply mix. Mblena Solar” (Stay Ahead with Solar), the The goal is for renewable sources to account campaign targets 13.5 million people across for 25 percent of the country’s energy mix by rural households and small businesses. It 2020. In this context, ESMAP is supporting the shows how by switching from fuel- based to development of an actively managed grid in solar lighting, rural populations can improve the country to keep the power system oper- their health, increase their savings—house- ating optimally as the use of renewable energy holds typically spend about 10 percent of grows. Specifically, ESMAP’s support facilitates their income on kerosene—and benefit from and disseminates best practices in information better lighting and more productive time in technologies and communications systems, and their homes, schools and businesses. The supports provision of just-in-time advice on regu- campaign is staging road shows in market latory and technical issues involved in integrating towns to generate consumers’ interests in renewable power generation into a smart grid. the solar portable lights that passed Lighting This activity will help build the capacity of system Africa quality tests. The road shows attracted managers and the transmission operator to iden- crowds of up to 500 people, and featured tify required system functionalities and enhance product demonstrations and a chance to test their decision making as they evaluate invest- the solar lights. ments in hardware and software (Box 3.2). E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT GENDER SENSITIVITY IN interventions on the ground that would contribute ENERGY POLICIES AND to the development of the models, tools and PROJECTS IN AFRICA methodologies for good practice approaches; (ii) Access to energy is determined in large measure building a network of gender and energy experts by gender. To address obstacles to energy access to provide just-in-time assistance for energy task resulting from gender inequality, ESMAP supports teams; and (iii) strengthening capacity for gender AFREA’s Gender and Energy component. integration at the national and project levels. 16 This program seeks to integrate a gender-sensitive In March 2010, an initial assessment in Mali identi- approach to energy projects in Africa, by providing fied components for gender activities in the coun- funds for gender analysis to energy task teams try’s Rural Energy Agency. In Senegal, technical CHAPTER 3. ENHANCED CLIENT CAPACIT Y and government agencies. The program takes a guidance was provided for the preparation of an region-wide approach, undertaking surveys, docu- energy project to ensure that gender aspects are menting project and program experiences and taken into account at the planning and implemen- results, developing case studies, and gathering tation stages, and that monitoring and evaluation evidence to guide action ensuring that energy also incorporate gender indicators. This resulted solutions deliver benefits for men and women, in gender equality principles leading the project and their families. objectives, with gender sensitive actions to be implemented as part of the project. Similar efforts In fiscal year 2010, ESMAP developed an were undertaken in Tanzania and Kenya, and are approach focused on: (i) identifying the possible planned in Mozambique and Benin. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT BOX 3.2: TURKEY ELECTRICITY MARKET OPERATIONS Since 2001, Turkey’s electricity demand has grown more than 8 percent annually. The country has moved swiftly to overhaul the electricity sector to meet growing demand in an efficient and cost-effective manner. The reforms—consistent with the European Union’s Acquis Communitaire framework—have so far unbundled the sector, restructured state-owned entities, privatized the electricity distribution business, created an independent market regulator, and established a competitive electricity market. ESMAP assisted the government in establishing the framework and capacity for a competitive electricity market, to be run by the Turkish Electricity Transmission Corporation (TEIAS). 17 ESMAP Activities Supporting Electricity Market Operations | 2007, Technical Assistance (Non-lending) CHAPTER 3. ENHANCED CLIENT CAPACIT Y Capacity Building for Electricity Market Operations | 2009, Technical Assistance (Non-lending) Scope & Recommendations Supporting Electricity Market Operations: Provided the basis for the design and implementation of an innovative capacity mechanism, in addition to implementing an auction process for procuring new generation in a manner consistent with the competitive market. The ESMAP activity also helped address different aspects of market operations, such as using water value and dispatch models, determining system marginal prices based on bids and offers, and managing the settlement system through workshops, training, twinning arrangements, and toolkits. The outputs of the ESMAP activity were used as inputs into amendments to the Electricity Market Law, on supply security aspects including enabling provisions for introducing capacity measures and auctions. Capacity Building for Electricity Market Operations: Under this activity, ESMAP supported training and capacity building on market management systems and communication systems to enable TEIAS to transition to the final market design, and particularly in grid management for large scale renewable energy capacity additions. Additionally, ESMAP funded external experts to provide TEIAS staff with on-call advice on implementation issues and system operations. Equally importantly, ESMAP supported a needs assessment and conceptual design for advanced automated grid type solution to assist in integrating substantial amounts of intermittent wind generation into the transmission grid without causing instability. Observable Results and Outcomes Informed Government Policy: Based on the recommendations from ESMAP, the following regulation and legislation were approved in Turkey: Amendments to the electricity market law to monitor, evaluate and take measures to ensure security of supply (Law No. 5784 of July 26, 2008). Modified balancing and settlement regulations to improve the functioning of the wholesale market (publicly issued in April 2009). Informed World Bank Lending: ESMAP’s engagements with Turkey have helped catalyze an increase in World Bank lending for Turkey. World Bank energy lending to Turkey increased to US$1.8 billion over the FY09-10 period compared with US$269 million in the two years preceding that. ESMAP activities have played an important role in facilitating this scale up by helping provide the analytical underpinnings and enabling environment for World Bank investment operations, as well as helping build capacity in government agencies. ESMAP’s reports have been used as inputs to the ongoing policy dialogue supported by World Bank energy policy loans and for designing investment operations in the country. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 18 CHAPTER 4. CUTTING-EDGE E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M CHAPTER 4 . CUTTING-EDGE 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 19 E CHAPTER 4. CUTTING-EDGE SMAP continues to work on developing innovative tools to help practitioners assess energy problems and develop solutions. Client countries need practical ways to assess their needs, identify measures and approaches to meet those needs, and evaluate results. Incorporating real-world data on what works—and what does not—ESMAP’s tools advance countries’ capacity to plan effectively. ENERGY EFFICIENT CITIES case studies—in the buildings, transport, solid INITIATIVE CASE STUDY waste, water, public lighting, and heating/power DATABASE sectors—from China, Colombia, Egypt, India, Mexico, Pakistan, South Africa, Ukraine, and Energy efficient measures can help cities ease Portland, Oregon (USA), as well as Eco2 cities their public expenditures for energy, reduce case studies from Australia, Brazil, Japan, New investments in new infrastructure, and enhance Zealand, Singapore, and Sweden. Additional their commercial competitiveness. Yet, it is diffi- studies will increase the database source coun- cult for cities to remain fully aware of which tries to 30 in fiscal year 2011. measures exist, implementation options, and global good practices from policies and programs that have worked in other cities. In fiscal year SMART METERING IN HUNGARY 2010, ESMAP launched a database of detailed case studies to showcase best practices by cities The main goals of “smart” energy metering are that have implemented energy efficiency poli- increasing operating cost savings, encouraging cies and programs. This inexpensive platform energy efficiency, and reducing technical and provides complete information about program commercial losses in the network. To support costs and benefits, financing, impacts, and the regulatory work of the Hungarian Energy lessons learned. Office (the sector regulator) in introducing smart energy metering, an ESMAP study examined The real value for policymakers derives from alternative technical design options and desir- the diverse initiative types and approaches, able implementation strategies. The study drew which provide a menu of policies and programs on a comprehensive assessment of existing to consider for meeting economic develop- international examples, extensive surveys of all ment needs. The database is drawn from 15 national stakeholders, and cost-benefit analysis E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT of the alternative metering options. While the electrification on households and businesses, model of a single nation-wide meter operator evaluated using a primary household and enter- yields the highest financial benefits from smart prise survey. The KPIs are monitored using a metering, the study, citing monopoly concerns, robust management information system (MIS) recommends a so-called “area operator” model throughout implementation to assess progress involving multiple “metering” actors. It also toward program objectives. This system enables recommends large-scale pilot efforts before the middle and top management of AEPC to have 20 nationwide application of the chosen model to timely access to reliable and accurate data for assess actual implementation risks, consumer informed decision-making. The focus is not only behavior, and the need for appropriate changes on measuring day-to-day operational perfor- in the regulatory environment. mance, but also using information as a strategic CHAPTER 4. CUTTING-EDGE planning tool. ASSESSING SOCIAL IMPACTS OF RURAL ENERGY IN NEPAL INNOVATIVE TOOLS A large section of the Nepalese population is In fiscal year 2010, ESMAP developed several deprived of electricity coverage despite huge innovative tools designed to enhance policy- hydropower potential, particularly in the rural makers’ ability to identify practical options areas. About 63 percent of Nepalese house- for meeting their country’s particular energy holds lack access to electricity and depend challenges. on oil-based or renewable energy alternatives. The disparity in access is stark, with almost 90 EFFECT | Energy Forecasting Framework percent of the urban population connected, and Emissions Consensus Tool but less than 30 percent of the rural popula- Our actions today determine our future options. tion. Decentralized service delivery in the form In the case of climate change, adaptation and of renewables such as micro-hydro and solar is mitigation are the flip sides of the same challenge, envisaged to fill more of the gap in rural areas and requiring a response on both fronts as countries the Government has set a target of 12 percent off- move forward. Further, actions on climate change grid electrification in its 10th plan. The primary and development will become increasingly inter- institutional responsibility of providing energy linked in the coming decades. Developing coun- access in rural areas using renewable technolo- tries must raise the living standards of their gies falls on the Alternative Energy Promotion populations and bring many millions out of Center (AEPC). poverty. Eradicating poverty will require modern energy, making the challenge of low carbon This ESMAP activity was designed as tech- growth that much more important. Since energy nical assistance to AEPC to establish a moni- demands worldwide will more than triple over this toring system to continually assess the results century, a global effort is needed to transform of the renewable energy programs against the the energy systems to sustainable, low carbon targets and to organize an evaluation system that sources. The Energy Forecasting Framework and measures the impact of micro-hydro installations Emissions Consensus Tool (EFFECT Model) can on rural livelihoods. A set of key performance help multiple stakeholders engage on the funda- indicators (KPIs) has been selected across the mental issues they will confront over the coming results chain of monitoring framework to facili- decades by supporting the development of plau- tate informed decision-making. The monitoring sible, longer term, low carbon development framework incorporates the final impacts of scenarios across the economy. These scenarios E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT help stakeholders explore realistic possibilities to of the recommendations that emerged from the lower GHG emissions built upon a vision for their experience, and will be applied to five cities in country and uniquely attuned to the country’s fiscal year 2011. opportunities and constraints. Public Procurement HEAT | Hands-on Energy Adaptation Toolkit The public sector is a largely untapped energy In Albania, where about 90 percent of its elec- efficiency market in developing countries. An tricity comes from hydropower, energy sector ESMAP book published in fiscal year 2010, 21 stakeholders worked with ESMAP and the World Public Procurement of Energy Efficiency Services: Bank to assess climate risks that could reduce Lessons from International Experience, addresses hydroelectricity output by 15 to 20 percent a year this market in a comprehensive review of how CHAPTER 4. CUTTING-EDGE by 2050. The results revealed an energy shortfall governments around the world promote energy equivalent to three percent of total demand. They efficiency and, in particular, use energy savings then developed a plan to integrate adaptation performance contracts (ESPCs) to do so. The options for 20 key risks into energy sector poli- book examines factors that determine large- cymaking and planning. Drawing on this experi- scale losses, such as insufficient incentives, ence, ESMAP developed the Hands-on Energy rigid budgeting and procurement procedures, Adaptation Toolkit (HEAT), a practical guide to and limited access to financing. It identifies seven help policymakers assess the risks to power models for promoting energy efficiency service systems of climate change and demand shifts. provisions in public agencies and describes implementation experiences with them. It TRACE | Tool for Rapid Assessment also offers schemes for mixing and matching of City Energy elements to tailor solutions to a specific country To help cities address rising demand for new or city. Program and project case studies from energy sources, ESMAP’s Energy Efficient Cities more than 15 countries offer recommendations Initiative (EECI) developed an innovative tool for on how countries can address these challenging diagnosing energy use and identifying measures issues. ESMAP is disseminating the findings to that can improve cities’ performance. The Tool policymakers and public sector practitioners from for Rapid Assessment of City Energy (TRACE) South Africa to Armenia to China. offers local authorities a simple way to compare their energy use with peer cities, rank underper- CFL Toolkit forming sectors, identify measures to improve To encourage broader replication of large-scale their performance, and develop plans to imple- residential lighting programs, ESMAP launched ment them. It examines energy efficiency in six a Web-based information exchange platform municipal sectors: transport, buildings, water, this year. The Compact Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) public lighting, solid waste, and power and Toolkit provides operational documents, ranging heating. The framework has two components— from terms of reference to technical specifi - a city energy benchmarking tool and a playbook cations to evaluation techniques, as well as of tested energy efficiency interventions. They commonly used implementation models, bulb are woven into a user-friendly application that specifications and prices, lessons learned, and takes the user from gathering data to developing program effects. Rather than prescribe models a matrix of energy efficiency recommendations or methods, the toolkit shares operational docu- tailored to the city’s context, with implementation ments from projects in many countries to help and financing options. The tool was field-tested inform new ones. It is being applied by several in Quezon City, Philippines in fiscal year 2010, countries, among them Armenia, China, Malawi, where city officials are already acting on some and Mexico. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 22 CHAPTER 5. FINANCIAL REVIEW E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M CHAPTER 5 . FINANCIAL REVIEW 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 23 CONTRIBUTIONS RECEIVED CHAPTER 5. FINANCIAL REVIEW ESMAP receipts from its donors totaled US$9.1 Plan 2008-13, new contributions are expected million in fiscal year 2010. The decrease in to commence in fiscal year 2011. receipts is explained by the fact that existing trust funds supporting the previous business plan Table 5.1 shows actual receipts by individual closed during fiscal year 2010. Subsequent to the donors for fiscal years 2008-2010, as well as CG’s approval of the current Strategic Business actual receipts in fiscal year 2011. TABLE 5.1. ESMAP FUNDING (RECEIPTS/PLEDGES), FISCAL YEARS 2008-2010 (US$ THOUSANDS) RECEIPTS TOTAL RECEIPTS COUNTRY 2008 2009 2010 2011 08-10 % Australia 2,682 - 453 3,135 5.0% Austria (ADA; MoF) 658 588 424 2,634 1,671 2.7% Canada - 396 100 - 496 0.8% Denmark 1,962 1,762 1,849 1,617 5,573 8.9% Finland - - 741 - 741 1.2% France 1,052 885 - - 1,937 3.1% Germany 2,805 4,801 2,185 1,972 9,791 15.6% Iceland 200 300 200 - 700 1.1% Netherlands - 23,890 - 11,286 23,890 38.0% Norway 750 750 750 839 2,250 3.6% Sweden 1,589 - - - 1,589 2.5% United Kingdom 3,367 4,615 1,961 - 9,942 15.8% World Bank 450 280 437 - 1,167 1.9% Grand Total 15,515 38,268 9,100 18,347 62,883 100% Notes: Actual receipts for fiscal years 2008-2009 have been updated to take into account donors (the Netherlands and United Kingdom) contributions to ESMAP’s Multi-Donor Trust Fund for CEIF, which includes the AFREA sub-fund. A Netherlands commitment of US$11.2 million currently under agreement for fiscal year 2011 is for AFREA. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT DISBURSEMENTS Disbursements in fiscal year 2010 totaled US$20.4 million. The disbursements figure includes those made under the Clean Energy Investment Framework (CEIF) for AFREA. Project expenditures from the Annual Block Grant to the 24 Bank’s regional operations units in fiscal year 2010 were about the same as in fiscal year 2009. CHAPTER 5. FINANCIAL REVIEW TABLE 5.2. ESMAP DISBURSEMENTS AND SOURCES OF FUNDING, FISCAL YEARS 2008-2010 (US$ THOUSANDS) FY08 FY09 FY10 PROJECT COST $12,189.33 88% $18,450.53 93% $18,449.26 90% Africa $2,003.16 $2,996.48 $3,925.70 East Asia $938.34 $1,408.04 $1,365.88 Europe & Central Asia $1,184.40 $780.38 $1,350.60 Latin America and the $1,282.83 $2,793.76 $2,082.50 Caribbean Middle East and North Africa $1,119.99 $1,718.66 $1,227.06 South Asia $733.47 $1,183.13 $1,946.30 SDN-VP (Anchors Units) $2,219.27 $4,687.17 $2,454.67 ESMAP own managed $2,707.86 $2,882.92 $4,096.56 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT AND $1,667.31 12% $1,495.84 7% $2,036.90 10% ADMINISTRATION TOTAL $13,856.64 100% $19,946.37 100% $20,486.16 100% Of which: Funded by Donors $13,056.24 $19,234.42 $19,509.16 Funded from World Bank budget $ 450.40 $283.45 $437.00 Funded from Fee Income $ 350.00 $428.50 $540.00 Notes: Actual disbursements in fiscal years 2008-2009 have been updated to take into account disbursements made under ESMAP’s Multi-Donor Trust Fund for CEIF, including AFREA. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 25 CHAPTER 5. FINANCIAL REVIEW E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 26 CHAPTER 6. PORTFOLIO REVIEW E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M CHAPTER 6 . PORTFOLIO REVIEW 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 27 MONITORING AND EVALUATION METHODOLOGY CHAPTER 6. PORTFOLIO REVIEW SYSTEM ESMAP ser ves countries by providing In March 2010, the Consultative Group endorsed knowledge and technical advisory services, a new Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) system categorized under its think tank, knowledge for ESMAP, which includes detailed results frame- clearinghouse, and operational leveraging works for each of its programs and initiatives. core functions. Products delivered under these The M&E system was developed in accordance core functions include assessments, studies, with the current ESMAP Strategic Business capacity building, workshops, toolkits, training, Plan to assess the effectiveness of its activities and other forms of advisory and analytical in enabling timely and sustainable delivery of activities. Development impact is determined by development outcomes. The M&E system goes the extent to which ESMAP‘s products influ- beyond the simple delivery of outputs to ascer- enced the adoption, application, or mainstreaming tain if the outcomes achieve the objectives of of strategies and policy recommendations ESMAP’s programs and initiatives. in client countries. A logical framework used to assess the OBJECTIVES development impact for each ESMAP program The M&E system has four key objectives: initiative identifies four high-level outcomes: 1. Assess the effectiveness of ESMAP’s (i) Informing lending operations of the WBG; programs and initiatives in achieving timely (ii) Informing and enhancing government and sustainable outcomes for clients; policy; 2. Promote accountability for achieving (iii) Building and enhancing client capacity; ESMAP’s program-level outcomes by and systematically assessing both program (iv) Introducing cutting-edge energy solutions. results and the performance effectiveness of stakeholders who implement and benefit For each outcome, a set of indicators is from ESMAP’s activities; monitored to determine results and measure 3. Enhance the use of performance-based achievements. The outcomes, in turn, help criteria for making decisions about ESMAP shape ESMAP’s program-level objectives and policies, strategies, program management, contribute to achieving its ultimate goal of and activities; and assisting low- and middle-income countries to 4. Facilitate feedback, learning, and sharing of increase know–how and institutional capacity knowledge and lessons learned, improving to achieve environmentally sustainable energy recognition of ESMAP’s achievements and solutions to contribute to poverty reduction and wider replication of its results. sustainable economic growth. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT NEXT STEPS ESMAP PORTFOLIO REVIEW, FISCAL YEARS 2009-2011 Although the M&E system became fully oper- ational in fiscal year 2011, ESMAP is tracking ESMAP is conducting a review of results activities approved since fiscal year 2009. (See and observed impacts achieved in its 2009-11 Annex 3 for delivery status of fiscal years 2009 portfolio of activities. The review classifies all and 2010 outputs). As data on outcomes accu- activities under four categories—energy access, 28 mulates, ESMAP will make additional efforts to energy efficiency, low carbon and renewable enhance the M&E system. Among others, it will: energy. It also reviews activities implemented Design and develop a web-based portal of under the Energy Assessment and Strategy the M&E system. Program (EASP), and evaluates their results, CHAPTER 6. PORTFOLIO REVIEW Align the M&E framework with World Bank high-level outcomes and impacts. The criteria systems to better demonstrate ESMAP’s for the evaluation includes effectiveness, impact on leveraging Bank resources. influence, and value-added in the WBG’s Continue to improve mechanisms for baseline dialogue and energy strategy with particular data collection and identification of milestones. client countries. The portfolio review also Sharpen systems to track development and identifies evidence of results of ESMAP activities delivery of outputs, identify appropriate as defined by the higher-level outcomes frame- indicators, and conduct ex-post assessments work (Table 6.1). of all ESMAP-supported activities. TABLE 6.1. ESMAP’S HIGHER LEVEL OUTCOMES AND INDICATORS, FISCAL YEAR 2010 OUTCOME(S) OUTCOME INDICATOR(S) Inform World Bank Agreed lending program for sector/country Lending / Strategy WB loan under preparation/implementation Influence country’s CAS/CPS Other action undertaken by WBG Inform / Enhance Government New policy or legislation adopted/implemented Policy Compliance with law/regulation achieved Government decree issued New government strategy adopted Other action undertaken by client country/stakeholders Build/Enhance Client Capacity Client makes major analytical contribution Client learns to use/implement or produce output independently Client has increased ability to monitor/evaluate projects or operations Client has increased capacity to design strategies/programs Clients are recognized with good-practice or similar awards Feedback, inquiries received by clients Other action or behavior Introduce Cutting-Edge Client is able to adopt/harness new technologies, innovative ideas, Energy Solutions to Client know-how Other action or behavior E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 29 CHAPTER 6. PORTFOLIO REVIEW E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 30 ANNE X 1. ESMAP TE AM 2010 E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M ANNEX 1 . ESMAP TEAM 2010 2010 ANNUAL REPORT The ESMAP Unit is responsible for the day-to-day management, following the strategy outlined in its business plan, as approved by the Consultative Group and the annual work program managed by the Energy, Transport, and Water Department (ETWD) of the World Bank Group. 31 Amarquaye Armar, Program Manager* Jas Singh, Sr. Energy Specialist (Energy Efficiency) ANNE X 1. ESMAP TE AM 2010 Heather Austin, Publishing Associate Cindy Suh, Sr. Strategy and Operations Officer Ranjan Bose, Sr. Energy Specialist (Renewable Energy/Partnerships) Yvette Bossman, SME Specialist Lydia Kruse Tietz, Sr. Resource Management Agnes Biribonwa, Communications Assistant Officer Amadou Camara, Resource Management Voravate (Tig) Tuntivate, Energy Access Analyst Specialist Rogerio Carneiro de Miranda, Sr. Energy Nyra Wallace, Program Assistant Specialist (Biomass Energy) Gloria Jean Whitaker, Program Assistant Jonathan Coony, Sr. Energy Specialist Tao Xue, Research Analyst (Energy Technology) Istvan Dobozi, Lead Energy Economist Jane Ebinger, Sr. Energy Specialist Regional Coordinators (Climate Change) Miki Endo, Operations Officer, Trust Fund Africa Administration Tjaarda Storm Van Leeuwen, Adviser Femi Faleye, Research Analyst Magnus Gehringer, Sr. Energy Specialist East Asia and Pacific (Geothermal Energy) Beatriz Arizu de Jablonski, Sr. Energy Specialist Feng Liu, Sr. Energy Specialist (Energy Efficiency) Europe and Central Asia Andres Londono, Operations Officer, Peter Johansen, Sr. Energy Specialist Portfolio Management Vanessa Lopes, Operations Analyst Latin America & Caribbean Elvira Morella, Economist Xiaoping Wang, Sr. Energy Specialist Marie-Gisele Morrisson, Program Assistant * Alain Ouedraogo, Operations Analyst Middle East and North Africa (vacant) Imelda Sevilla, Resource Management Assistant South Asia Bipulendu Singh, Operations Analyst Sudeshna Banerjee, Sr. Economist * Left ESMAP before the end of fiscal year 2010 E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 32 ANNE X 2. PROCEEDINGS FROM CG MEETING 2010 E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M ANNEX 2 . PROCEEDINGS FROM CG MEETING 2010 2010 ANNUAL REPORT CONSULTATIVE GROUP energy efficiency improvement, and expressed MEETING FOR ENERGY how the support by ESMAP and ASTAE has TRUST FUNDED PROGRAMS helped achieve the targets set out in the National Strategy for Energy Development. Following the Friday, 26 March 2010, Washington DC presentation, the discussion focused on the use (updated 19 April 2010) of biomass for cooking, the pricing structure of electricity services, and the use of coal as power Draft Minutes. The Consultative Group (CG) sources in Vietnam. Mr. Saghir concluded the 33 meeting for the Energy Trust Funded Programs, session by noting that Vietnam’s experience and managed by the World Bank Group, was held success could be shared with other countries in in Washington, DC on March 26, 2010. The Africa and Asia. ANNE X 2. PROCEEDINGS FROM CG MEETING 2010 meeting was chaired by Mr. Jamal Saghir, Director of the World Bank’s Energy, Transport, Program Manager’s Repor t on ESMAP. and Water Department and Chair of the World Mr. Amarquaye Armar, ESMAP Program Bank’s Energy and Mining Sector Board. It was Manager, presented ESMAP’s first year attended by CG members, ESMAP Program achievements under the 2008-2013 Strategic Manager, ESMAP staff, and other guests. The Business Plan and highlighted its M&E frame- meeting was comprised of five sessions: (i) an work, website upgrade, and the funding outlook opening session; (ii) Program Manager’s report for FY2011. Mr. Armar explained how ESMAP on ESMAP; (iii) report to the CG on regional programs, initiatives, and partnerships—the trust funds; (iv) Technical Advisory Group (TAG) Energy Assessments and Strategy Programs, the report to the CG; and (v) a closed session. The Energy Efficient Cities Initiative, the Renewable meeting followed immediately the inaugural Energy Market Transformation Initiative, and the ESMAP Knowledge Exchange Forum held on Pro-Poor Energy Access Technical Assistance March 25, 2010. Summary proceedings were Partnerships—have been addressing the global recorded as follows: thematic challenges set out in the Business Plan. He further updated the CG on each program Opening Session. The Chair welcomed the CG and initiative’s FY2010 achievements and indi- and made introductory remarks to highlight cated future activities. Illustrating an innovative vulnerabilities the energy sector currently faces approach that ESMAP undertook to inform its and the role of ESMAP in helping developing think tank programs, Mr. Armar informed the CG countries respond to these challenges. He also that the ESMAP expert panel has led to poten- emphasized the progress ESMAP has made in tial engagement on climate vulnerability assess- enhancing its result orientation and putting in ment and low carbon power sector development. place its monitoring and evaluation (M&E) frame- The presentation also highlighted that ESMAP work. Mr. Saghir then invited the Honorable has developed a more robust M&E framework, Vice Minister Doo Huu Hao, Vietnam Ministry aligned with both the Business Plan objectives of Industry and Trade, and Mr. Pham Manh and the World Bank’s evaluation mechanisms. Thang, Director General, Electricity Regulatory Continuing the program highlights, Mr. Armar Authority of Vietnam, to make a presentation updated the meeting that ESMAP has almost on the Vietnam Energy Development Strategy completed its website development, which and the support provided by ESMAP and includes key new features to be launched in end the Asia Sustainable and Alternative Energy April 2010. Mr. Armar concluded its presenta- Program (ASTAE). The Vice Minister described tion by stating that ESMAP is in a healthy state a wide range of support from rural electrifica- for FY2010 and providing the funding outlook tion, renewable action and gas master plans, to for FY2011. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT The CG praised Mr. Armar for his comprehen- Mr. van Leeuwen highlighted some of the AFREA sive presentation and successful management program’s results, including commitments by and ESMAP’s impressive achievements. The Kenya and Rwanda to mobilize funding for their CG inquired about gender inclusion, alignment projects, and a successful workshop in Maputo of the Multi-Donor Trust Fund (MDTF) with the attended by over 170 electrification experts from Business Plan, and ESMAP’s role in supporting 42 African countries. He emphasized that the green energy technologies development. In AFREA program’s activities are well aligned with 34 response, Mr. Armar explained that ESMAP has the ESMAP core thematic areas, and thus how adopted a broader and concerted approach to crucial ESMAP support is to the program. Mr. van incorporate gender dimensions into its programs. Leeuwen also shared with the CG some examples In particular, a team is being set up in partner- of the AFREA’s activities, such as small grants for ANNE X 2. PROCEEDINGS FROM CG MEETING 2010 ship with the World Bank’s Social Development innovative projects to deliver affordable lighting in Department and the Africa Renewable Energy rural Tanzania, and a SWAT team of energy experts Access (AFREA) program, to provide just-in-time being organized to build capacity in various coun- solutions, and ESMAP is funding a gender and tries. He also noted that the AFREA program could energy issues paper to inform the World Bank learn from other countries and ASTAE, and South- Energy Strategy. With regard to green energy South cooperation could help the program. technologies, Mr. Armar informed the meeting of an ESMAP future flagship activity to develop Mr. Vijay Jagannathan, Sector Manager, a web-based toolkit to guide decision-makers Transport, Energy and Urban Unit, East Asia on electricity technology options. Regarding the and Pacific Region, presented the implemen- trust funds, he clarified that the old trust funds tation report on ASTAE. The presentation illus- are being phased out and that all donors would trated ASTAE’s achievements during 2007-2009, participate in the MDTF. He further explained particularly activities undertaken to increase inte- that, like ASTAE, the AFREA program has been gration of renewable energy, promoting energy separated from ESMAP, which is consistent efficiency and improving energy access. He with the Business Plan approach. Finally, Mr. stressed ASTAE’s outcome-oriented approach, Armar emphasized the need for a single MDTF and close coordination with ESMAP and other to achieve the Business Plan’s objectives. World Bank trust funds in contributing to the Bank’s operations and client countries’ energy Report to the CG on Regional Trust Funds. agendas. Looking forward, Mr. Jagannathan high- Mr. Tjaarda Storm van Leeuwen, Adviser, Africa lighted access to modern energies as central to Energy Unit, made the presentation by stating the development agenda, and continued effort to the important and large role biomass is expected promote renewable energy and energy efficiency. to play in Sub-Saharan Africa. To support the Ideas for the next cycle of financing, focusing sustainable development of energy in Africa, on response to green growth and improvement efforts being made by the AFREA program center of governance, were also proposed. The CG around three pillars: improvement in the scale-up commended the work done by ASTAE. of regional generation and transmission capacity; improvement in functioning of utilities in hybrid Mr. Jagannathan explained different scopes markets; and increase in access to modern and time frames of ASTAE activities to the CG. energy services in rural and urban areas. Mr. Activities supporting the World Bank projects van Leeuwen also touched on the World Bank are often completed in a shorter time frame Group’s growing business volume in Africa during and generate immediate outputs, while capacity- FY2004-2009, and mentioned the current active building activities require continued engage- portfolio reaches about US$4 billion. ment with client countries to achieve long-term E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT impacts. He also noted that the clear link between moving toward a greater focus on program economic growth and energy service helped outcomes, as recommended during the last CG promote an energy agenda in client countries. meeting, and has diversified the way it dissemi- nates its products, which implies fewer reports. TAG Report to the CG. The TAG members— He noted that TAG did not report on ESMAP Amitav Rath, Elizabeth Cecelski, and Winfried Power Vulnerability Assessments under way in Rijssenbeek—presented their report to the CG. 20 countries. Following Mr. Armar’s remarks, Mr. Rath initiated the presentation and provided Mr. Saghir requested that ESMAP send written 35 the TAG overall assessment that ESMAP has responses to the TAG to address certain state- been performing very well, but there is still ments. The CG supported Mr. Saghir’s request room for improvement in reporting mechanisms and further discussed the TAG’s role. The CG ANNE X 2. PROCEEDINGS FROM CG MEETING 2010 to donors by ESMAP. Continuing the presenta- proposed that ESMAP management in the tion, Ms. Cecelski highlighted ESMAP’s impres- future be given the opportunity to react to any sive achievements, praised its ability to smoothly misleading facts and figures of the TAG report shift to the MDTF, and acknowledged the signif- and a management response from ESMAP on icant progress made in the M&E framework. the TAG report be distributed prior to the CG Despite these outstanding accomplishments, meeting. The CG also proposed that the agenda she suggested that the M&E framework be for the meeting be modified to enable focused simplified, the divergence between the 2009 discussion of key TAG recommendations. The fiscal year disbursements and Business Plan CG expects a corrected version of the 2009 TAG previsions be explained, and its decreasing report. The CG acknowledged the importance of number of publications be addressed. Moving the TAG but agreed that the terms of reference forward, the TAG recommended that the CG for the TAG would be reviewed. Finally, the CG guide ESMAP on budget allocations and support discussed TAG requests to guide ESMAP. They ASTAE, whose funding expires in 2011. Mr. emphasized that the endorsed Business Plan, Rijssenbeek concluded the TAG report to the which adopts a balanced, flexible, and program- CG by presenting ESMAP potential roles further matic approach in addressing the thematic chal- to Copenhagen Climate Change negotiations and lenges, should serve as a reference. Some CG the completion of World Bank Energy Strategy. members pointed out the importance of cross- sectoral initiatives. The CG thanked the TAG for their comprehen- sive report. Responding to issues raised by the Closed Session. The closed session, chaired TAG, Mr. Armar indicated that the disbursement by Mr. Saghir and attended by principals of the divergence is misleading and more flexibility CG, discussed issues relating to the recruitment is required to respond to the Business Plan’s process of ESMAP’s Program Manager, a new challenges. He also explained that ESMAP is TAG, and funding pledges. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 36 A NNE X 3. M & E FR A ME WO RK : STATUS O F PRO GR A M O UTPUT S , FIS C A L Y E A RS 2 0 0 9 -2 010 2010 ANNUAL REPORT E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M ANNEX 3 . MONITORING AND EVALUATION FRAMEWORK: 2010 ANNUAL REPORT STATUS OF PROGRAM OUTPUTS, FISCAL YEARS 2009-2010 The following tables present a summary status of the outputs and deliverables for fiscal years 2009- 2010 under each of the ESMAP programs and initiatives according to the M&E system introduced in 2010. For each program component, there is a corresponding table listing the outputs and deliv- erables extracted from the logical framework matrices developed under the M&E. Each output 37 includes the indicators with milestone (expected) and actual (achieved) values for fiscal year 2009 (July 1, 2008 – June 30, 2009) and fiscal year 2010 (July 1, 2009 – June 30, 2010). A NNE X 3. M & E FR A ME WO RK : STATUS O F PRO GR A M O UTPUT S , FIS C A L Y E A RS 2 0 0 9 -2 010 PROGRAM COMPONENT 1. ENERGY ASSESSMENTS AND STRATEGY PROGRAMS (EASP) PROGRAM 1A. COUNTRY ENERGY SECTOR VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTS (CESVA) Output 1: Carry out Power Sector Vulnerability Assessments (PSVAs) in client countries to estimate short- to medium-term impact of credit crisis on power sector and to inform potential strategic response from the WBG. INDICATOR: Number of PSVAs carried out in client countries. Milestone FY 2009: 3 Actual: 3 Milestone FY 2010: 14 Actual: 15 Output 2: Carry out Oil Price Vulnerability Assessments (OPVAs) in selected regions to examine measures of oil price volatility and evaluate policy instruments to cope with volatility. INDICATOR: Number of OPVAs carried out in client countries. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 1 Output 3: Carry out Climate Vulnerability Assessments (CVA) in the Europe and Central Asia Region to develop a framework for decision-making to support adaptation of energy infrastructure to climate change; develop a toolkit documenting the approach and methodology of pilot assessments. INDICATOR: Number of CVAs carried out in ECA. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 2 Actual: 1 INDICATOR: Number of toolkits developed Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: 0 Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 1 INDICATOR: Number of analytical and advisory activities (AAA)/technical Assistance (TA) carried out in support of the joint task force between ESMAP and the Global Expert Team for Adaptation. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 0 E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M PROGRAM 1B. REGIONAL ENERGY INTEGRATION STRATEGIES (REIS) 2010 ANNUAL REPORT Output 1: Conduct region-specific AAA to inform and facilitate strategy development by stakeholders in regional organizations (East Africa, South Africa, West Africa, Central America, Greater Mekong Sub-region, Southeast Europe, etc.). INDICATOR: Number of AAA introduced to decision-making processes of client countries and regional organizations. Milestone FY 2009: 4 Actual: 4 Milestone FY 2010: 3 Actual: 3 Output 2: Carry out region-specific energy assessments (e.g., energy efficiency potential, energy pricing 38 regimes, energy resource assessments) to inform policy-harmonization initiatives by regional organizations and/or national authorities. INDICATOR: Number of region-specific energy assessments. Milestone FY 2009: 4 Actual: 4 A NNE X 3. M & E FR A ME WO RK : STATUS O F PRO GR A M O UTPUT S , FIS C A L Y E A RS 2 0 0 9 -2 010 Milestone FY 2010: 3 Actual: 3 Output 3: Develop knowledge exchange products (reports, policy notes, brochures, internal workshops, outreach events, and external forums) on “global best practices.” INDICATOR 1: Develop, publish, and disseminate policy notes and reports targeted at policymakers to share lessons, results, and best practices on regional energy integration strategies and/or regional energy effi- ciency assessments. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 1 INDICATOR 2: Conduct internal workshops and learning events to share experience on the conduct of regional energy assessment and/or strategy AAA within WBG. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 3 Actual: 4 INDICATOR 3: Support and participate in external forums to disseminate lessons and share information with at least 3 regional organizations in Africa (in partnership with EUEI PDF) and Central America (in partnership with the Latin American Energy Organization, OLADE). Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 0 Milestone FY 2010: 2 Actual: 1 PROGRAM 1C. LOW CARBON GROWTH COUNTRY STUDIES PROGRAM (LCGS) Output 1: Conduct low carbon growth (LCG) country-specific studies to examine pathways and interventions to support low carbon growth to 2030. INDICATOR: Number of LCG studies developed and fully completed Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 1 Milestone FY 2010: 3 Actual: 3 Output 2: Develop and pilot “learning-by-doing” activities within an analytic framework to facilitate country- specific assessment of low carbon power system development paths. INDICATOR: Number of country-specific analytic frameworks applied and tested Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: Actual: Concept note approved in April 2010 Concept note for analytic framework approved E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M Output 3: Develop an e-learning front end for selected analytic and/or modeling tools developed under LCG study 2010 ANNUAL REPORT program and placed in public domain. INDICATOR: Number of e-learning front end and/or modeling tools developed Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 2 activities initiated activity initiated Output 4: Develop knowledge exchange products (reports, brochures, internal workshops, and external forums) on “global best practices.” INDICATOR 1: Number of brochures produced & disseminated in connection with LCGS pilot studies. Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 1 39 Milestone FY 2010: 2 Actual: 3 INDICATOR 2: Number of internal workshops & learning events delivered in conjunction with the World Bank A NNE X 3. M & E FR A ME WO RK : STATUS O F PRO GR A M O UTPUT S , FIS C A L Y E A RS 2 0 0 9 -2 010 Institute (WBI) and CCDP. Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 1 Milestone FY 2010: 3 Actual: 5 INDICATOR 3: Number of external forums delivered by ESMAP and/or in cooperation with WBI/CCDP to disseminate lessons and share information with global energy practice. Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 1 Milestone FY 2010: 7 Actual: 9 PROGRAM COMPONENT 2. ENERGY EFFICIENT CITIES INITIATIVE (EECI) PROGRAM/INITIATIVE 2. ENERGY EFFICIENT CITIES INITIATIVE (EECI) Output 1: Conduct city-specific energy efficiency (EE) assessments. INDICATOR: Number of Tool for Rapid Assessment of City Energy (TRACE) assessments conducted for evaluating EE opportunities across all key city sectors. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: 1 Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual : 1 Output 2: Design programmatic EE interventions for urban sector development. INDICATOR 1: Number of TA activities on EE provided to cities to complement Cities Alliance’s City Development Strategy grant. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 2 Actual: 1 INDICATOR 2: Number of AAA and project preparation support provided to client countries to design and/or incorporate programmatic EE measures into World Bank urban sector lending operations. Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 1 Milestone FY 2010: 3 Actual: 8 E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M Output 3: Develop knowledge exchange products (brochures, case studies, internal workshops, external forums, 2010 ANNUAL REPORT outreach events etc) on “global best practices.” INDICATOR 1: Number of case studies and/or tools developed to share lessons and best practices on EE achievements. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 12 Actual: 9 INDICATOR 2: Database of case studies developed. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 1 40 INDICATOR 3: Virtual Panel established to inform the development of TRACE. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A A NNE X 3. M & E FR A ME WO RK : STATUS O F PRO GR A M O UTPUT S , FIS C A L Y E A RS 2 0 0 9 -2 010 Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 1 INDICATOR 4: Number of practitioners’ workshops. Milestone FY 2009: 2 Actual: 1 Milestone FY 2010: 3 Actual: 2 INDICATOR 5: City awards for EE implementation launched and operational. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 1 INDICATOR 6: Number of internal and external outreach events to disseminate lessons and share informa- tion on EE. Milestone FY 2009: 5 Actual: 7 Milestone FY 2010: 4 Actual: 5 PROGRAM COMPONENT 3 RENEWABLE ENERGY MARKET TRANSFORMATION INITIATIVE (REMTI) PROGRAM / INITIATIVE 3. RENEWABLE ENERGY MARKET TRANSFORMATION INITIATIVE (REMTI) Output 1: Conduct country-specific “market transformation strategies” to scale-up deployment of grid-tied renewable energy (RE) systems. INDICATOR: Number of strategies completed and deployed. Milestone FY 2009: 2 Actual: 2 Milestone FY 2010: 2 Actual: 4 Output 2: Develop country/region roadmaps for scaling up renewable technology deployment for accelerated utilization of RE resources (CSP, geothermal, wind, hydropower) for grid-tied power supply. INDICATOR: Number of country/regional road maps adopted by client countries. Milestone FY 2009: 4 Actual: 1 Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 2 E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M Output 3: Design a market support mechanism to facilitate grid-tied deployment of RE technologies for power 2010 ANNUAL REPORT generation by low-income client countries. INDICATOR: Mechanisms for an “output-based revenue support mechanism” developed and accepted for implementation by donors and client countries. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: “Basic Actual: Completed OBA design developed” Output 4: Develop knowledge exchange products (brochures, internal workshops, external forums) on “global best practices.” INDICATOR 1: Number of policy notes to share ESMAP lessons, results, and best practices on country- 41 specific “strategies” and/or “road maps.” Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A A NNE X 3. M & E FR A ME WO RK : STATUS O F PRO GR A M O UTPUT S , FIS C A L Y E A RS 2 0 0 9 -2 010 Milestone FY 2010: 2 Actual: 0 INDICATOR 2: Number of internal workshops and learning events to share experience within WBG. Milestone FY 2009: 3 Actual: 0 Milestone FY 2010: 5 Actual: 1 INDICATOR 3: Number of external forums to disseminate lessons and share information with global energy practice (in partnership with external organizations, such as Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Partnership (REEEP) and International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 0 Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 2 INDICATOR 4: Number of “best-practice” case studies prepared. Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 0 Milestone FY 2010: 2 Actual: 1 PROGRAM COMPONENT 4 PRO-POOR ENERGY ACCESS TA PROGRAMS (PEA-TAP) PROGRAM 4A. RURAL ELECTRIFICATION STRATEGIES (RES) Output 1: Support the design and implementation of country-specific rural electrification impact M&E for rural electrification projects in Sub-Saharan Africa. INDICATOR: Number of rural electrification Impact M&E frameworks designed and adopted by Sub-Saharan countries. Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 0 Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 0 Output 2: Develop an “Operational Manual on Productive Uses of Electricity (PUE)” to provide guidance on design, planning, and implementation of PUE Action Plans in Sub-Saharan African countries (Technical Assistance Facility leveraging on expertise of GTZ). INDICATOR: An operational manual on PUE completed and disseminated. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 0 Actual: PUE Manual initiated E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M Output 3: Deployment of PUE specialist to provide on-site support in Sub-Saharan African countries (Technical 2010 ANNUAL REPORT Assistance Facility leveraging on expertise of GTZ). INDICATOR: Number of PUE capacity building interventions completed in Sub-Saharan countries Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 0 Output 4 (Under the AEI): Develop knowledge exchange products (website, blog, BBLs, discussion papers, policy notes, workshops, outreach events, external forums, etc.) on “global best practices.” INDICATOR 1: Number of discussion papers published and disseminated Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A 42 Milestone FY 2010: 2 Actual: 5 discussion papers and 2 technical/research papers completed A NNE X 3. M & E FR A ME WO RK : STATUS O F PRO GR A M O UTPUT S , FIS C A L Y E A RS 2 0 0 9 -2 010 INDICATOR 2: Number of thematic BBLs / mini-workshops organized Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 0 Milestone FY 2010: 0 Actual: 2 INDICATOR 3: Development of a website as a collaboration space for the AEI Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 0 Actual: AEI website completed INDICATOR 4: Development of an online collaboration network for AEI Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 0 Actual: AEI online network completed PROGRAM 4B. ENERGY SME DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES (ESMED) — ENERGY ACCESS FOR THE URBAN POOR (EAfUP) Output 1: Develop and implement community-adapted energy access programs for households and SMEs in client countries—aligned with Cities Alliance-sponsored “Nationwide Slum Upgrading Action Plans.” INDICATOR: Number of Energy Access Programs implemented for households and SMEs in client countries. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 3 Actual: 1 Output 2: Conduct demand-responsive, capacity-building support for community energy institutions and community-based institutions. INDICATOR: Number of capacity building activities conducted to support institutions and higher learning community-based organizations. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 3 Output 3: Develop knowledge exchange products (policy notes, brochures, internal workshops, and external forums) on “global best practices.” INDICATOR 1: Conduct 2 practitioner’s forums in partnership with Cities Alliance to promote knowledge exchange among community-based energy access working groups. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 2 Actual: 0 (The Cities Alliance program is still at the design stage in Ghana and Uganda). E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M INDICATOR 2: Conduct 2 practitioner’s forums in partnership with Cities Alliance to promote knowledge 2010 ANNUAL REPORT exchange among SME energy service providers. Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 0 Milestone FY 2010: 2 Actual: 0 INDICATOR 3: Publish and disseminate 2 brochures to share lessons, results, and best practices. Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 0 Milestone FY 2010: 4 Actual: 0 PROGRAM 4C. GENDER AND ENERGY DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES (GEDS) 43 Output 1: Develop energy-specific “gender strategies” for regions and thematic programs to enhance gender in the energy sector based on gender analysis and action research. INDICATOR: Number of gender strategies carried out and completed. A NNE X 3. M & E FR A ME WO RK : STATUS O F PRO GR A M O UTPUT S , FIS C A L Y E A RS 2 0 0 9 -2 010 Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 2 Actual: 2 strategies initiated Output 2: Conduct capacity building programs/forums and establish platforms of dialogue between gender and energy experts and client counterparts. INDICATOR 1: Number of regional workshops on gender and energy organized. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 1 INDICATOR 2: Number of Gender and Energy training events Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 1 Output 3: Develop knowledge exchange products (brochures, tools, templates internal workshops, outreach events, external forums, etc.) on “global best practices.” INDICATOR 1: Number of guidance notes/issues papers developed to share ESMAP lessons, results, and best practices on gender-specific “strategies” and/or “road maps.” Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 3 INDICATOR 2: Number of energy and gender tools, templates, or “best-practice” case studies. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: N/A Milestone FY 2010: 0 Actual: 3 INDICATOR 3: Number of internal workshops and learning events carried out to share experience within WBG. Milestone FY 2009: 1 Actual: 1 Milestone FY 2010: 1 Actual: 1 INDICATOR 4: Number of external forums carried out to disseminate lessons and share information with global energy practice. Milestone FY 2009: 0 Actual: 3 Milestone FY 2010: 0 Actual: 0 E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 44 ANNE X 4. COMPLETED, NE W, AND ONGOING ACTIVITIES, FISCAL YE AR 2010 2010 ANNUAL REPORT E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M ANNEX 4 . COMPLETED, NEW, AND ONGOING ACTIVITIES, FISCAL YEAR 2010 2010 ANNUAL REPORT COMPLETED ACTIVITIES COUNTRY/ REGION ACTIVITY TASK MANAGER ENERGY ASSESSMENT AND STRATEGY PROGRAM 45 AFR Regulatory Review of Power Purchase Agreements Utility Performance Ada Karina Izaguirre Benchmarking ANNE X 4. COMPLETED, NE W, AND ONGOING ACTIVITIES, FISCAL YE AR 2010 AFR Indicative Generation and Transmission Expansion Andrey Gurevich AFR LED Lights Quick Screening Methodology Ravindra Anil Cabraal AFR Regulating Electricity Exports and Imports in South African Wendy E. Hughes Development Community (SADC) Countries: Roles for National Regulators AFR Implementing the Action Plan for the Energy Access Scale Up in Africa Kyran O’Sullivan (including new FEMA activity) AFR Lighting Africa Development Marketplace Awardees Supervision Ravindra Anil Cabraal AFR Petroleum Downstream Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa Masami Kojima AFR LED Lights Quick Screening Methodology Dana Rysankova AFR West Africa Power Pool Broadband Program Assessment Mavis A. Ampah Bangladesh Country Energy Sector Vulnerability Assessment Alan Townsend Brazil Low Carbon Study Christophe De Gouvello China Biomass Cogeneration Development Ximing Peng Djibouti Electricity Master Plan Pierre Audinet EAP East Asia Regional Energy Flagship Study Xiaoping Wang ECA Affordable Gas-fired District Heating in Energy Efficiency Peter Johansen ECA Western Balkans Energy Efficiency Study Peter Johansen ECA South East Europe Wholesale Market Opening Kary Nyman Global Economic Benefits of Electrification Pierre Audinet Global Global Energy Assessment (Phase 2) Istvan Dobozi Global Review of Strategies for Sustainable Production of Commercial Rogerio Carneiro Fuelwood Global Operational Toolkit for Energy Efficiency Lighting Ashok Sarkar Hungary Smart Metering Istvan Dobozi India Strategies for Low Carbon Growth Kwawu Mensan Gaba India Best Practice of Coal-fired Power Plant Rehabilitation Bjorn Hamso India Improving State Level Investment Planning and Regulation Mustafa Zakir Hussain India Capacity Building Initiatives for Maharashtra State Electricity Kavita Saraswat Transmission Company, Ltd. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M India Strategies For Low Carbon Growth Kwawu Gaba 2010 ANNUAL REPORT LCR Programmatic Approach in Support of the Power Sector in Central Juan Cayo America LCR A Strategic Overview on Energy Procurement and Best Practices in Luiz T. A. Maurer Energy Auctions LCR Electricity Challenge Rigoberto Yepez-Garcia Liberia, West Africa Power Pool Action Plan Fanny Kathinka Sierra Leone, Missfeldt-Ringius Guinea 46 MNA Explore Potential Electricity Trade and Interconnection between Waleed Saleh I. Alsuraih Yemen, Djibouti and Golf Cooperation Council (GCC) Countries MNA Assessment of Potential for Energy Integration in the Mashreq and Husam Mohamed Neighboring Countries Beides ANNE X 4. COMPLETED, NE W, AND ONGOING ACTIVITIES, FISCAL YE AR 2010 MNA Maghreb Vulnerability Assessment Silvia Pariente-David MNA Country Energy Sector Credit Constraints Assessment Rome Chavapricha Moldova District Heating Restructuring Gary Stuggins Montenegro Public Private Partnership Options for Electricity Generation Franz Gerner Morocco Energy Efficiency in the Transport Sector Jean-Charles Crochet Morocco Energy Supply Strategy Silvia Pariente-David Mozambique Modern Biofuels Assessment Boris Enrique Utria Nepal Energy Efficiency Michael Haney Pakistan Support for the Development of a Large-Scale Energy Efficiency Ashok Sarkar Peru Peru Natural Gas Study David Reinstein Sri Lanka Environmentally Sustainable Power Development Mudassar Imran Syria Electricity Sector Strategy Husam Mohamed Beides Tunisia Strategy for Low Carbon, Low Intensity Transport Michel Bellier Turkey Mitigation Risks to Medium-Term Electricity Supply Fan Zhang Ukraine Thermal Power Plant Rehabilitation: Assessment of Needs, Costs, and Dejan R. Ostojic Benefits Vietnam Gas Sector Development Framework Richard Jeremy Spencer West Bank, Energy Efficiency in the Transport Sector Ibrahim Khalil Dajani Gaza Yemen Institutional Framework for Energy Efficiency Chandrasekar Govindarajalu PRO-POOR ENERGY ACCESS TA PROGRAM AFR Light-up Africa (formerly Rural Lighting Initiative for Africa) Anil Cabraal Bangladesh Improving Health of Women and Children through Renewable and Priti Kumar Efficient Cookstoves Global Joint infoDev/ESMAP SME Assessment Heidi Stensland Global GEDS Knowledge Exchange Cindy Suh Global Gender and Energy Gender Action Plan Rogerio C. de Miranda E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M Haiti ESMED Pilot Evaluation Armarquaye Armar 2010 ANNUAL REPORT LCR Capacity Building for Renewable Energy for Implementing Agencies of Susan Bogach Rural Electrification Projects Nepal Assessing the Social Impacts of Rural Energy Services Sudeshna Ghosh Banerjee ENERGY EFFICIENCY CITIES INITIATIVE Global Building Energy Efficiency Codes Compliance Feng Liu Global Energy Efficiency in Water Utilities Feng Liu 47 RENEWABLE ENERGY MARKET TRANSFORMATION INITIATIVE Bulgaria Building Up Regulatory Capacity for Renewable Energy Peter Johansen ANNE X 4. COMPLETED, NE W, AND ONGOING ACTIVITIES, FISCAL YE AR 2010 China Power Dispatch Energy Efficiency Improvement Beatriz Arizu de Jablonski China Evaluating the Renewable Energy Target in China Carter J. Brandon Global Knowledge Exchange (Geothermal) Cindy Suh India Renewable Energy Investment Climate Ashish Khanna MNA Regional Concentrating Solar Power Initiative Chandrasekar Govindarajalu Nepal Removing Obstacles to Nepal’s Hydropower Development Michael Haney Peru Overcoming Barriers to Hydropower Susan Bogach AFR – Africa EAP – East Asia and Pacific ECA – Europe and Central Asia MNA – Middle East and North Africa LCR – Latin America and the Caribbean SAR – South Asia Region NEW ACTIVITIES COUNTRY/REGION ACTIVITY TASK MANAGER ENERGY ASSESSMENT AND STRATEGY PROGRAM China China Urban Transportation Climate Change Strategy Ke Fang ECA Impact of Financial Crisis on Power Sector Edon Vrenezi, Ani Balabanyan Egypt Giza North Power Project Jianping Zhao Egypt Energy Efficiency Strategy Jianping Zhao Global Contribution to Carbon Footprinting Marcelino Madrigal Global Smart Meters Marcelino Madrigal Global Energy Sector Strategy Masami Kojima Global Household Energy Access: Lessons Learned and Scaling Up Koffi Ekouevi Opportunities Global Low Carbon Development in Power Sector Venkata Ramana Putti Global Review Design Performance Renewable Energy Policy Gabriela Elizondo Azuela Global Electricity Transmission Planning Marcelino Madrigal E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M Global Private and Public Sector Roles Maria Vagliasindi 2010 ANNUAL REPORT Global Gender and Energy Development Program Nilufar Ahmad Global Electricity Technology Options Assessment Guide Istvan Dobozi Global External Panel, Energy Supply, Access, and Climate Change Jane Ebinger Indonesia Low Carbon Growth Strategy Josef Lloyd Leitmann LCR Managing High and Volatile Oil Prices Rigoberto Yepez-Garcia LCR Impact of Credit Crisis on Energy in Latin America Karen Bazex Mongolia Impact Diagnostic on the Global Economic Crisis and the Tumentsogt Tsevegmid Power Sector 48 Poland Low Carbon Growth Study Erika A. Jorgensen SAR Removing Barriers to Hydropower Raghuveer Y. Sharma SAR South Asia Regional Energy Sector Vulnerability Assessment Mohua Mukherjee ANNE X 4. COMPLETED, NE W, AND ONGOING ACTIVITIES, FISCAL YE AR 2010 Serbia Low Carbon Energy Path Salvador Rivera Vietnam Fuel Efficiency, Trade Facilitation Moustafa Baher El-Hefnawy Vietnam Vietnam Financial Impact Assessment (Phase 2) Beatriz Arizu de Jablonski Vietnam Vietnam Energy Reform Dissemination and Outreach Beatriz Arizu de Jablonski PRO-POOR ENERGY ACCESS TA PROGRAM Global Gender and Energy Development Program Nilufar Ahmad Laos Stimulating Small and Medium Enterprises for Productive Jie Tang Uses of Electricity ENERGY EFFICIENCY CITIES INITIATIVE Global International Benchmarking Network (IBNET) Energy Feng Liu Monitoring and Tracking Pilot Technical Assistance Global Country Energy Efficiency Performance Indicators Feng Liu Global Urban Mobility Strategies Ranjan Bose RENEWABLE ENERGY MARKET TRANSFORMATION INITIATIVE Belarus Belarus Energy Efficiency Pekka Kalevi Salminen Bosnia Bosnia Vrbas River Basin Hydro Guy J. Alaerts EAP Capacity Building for Renewable Energy Beatriz Arizu de Jablonski Global Concentrating Solar Power: Regulatory and Financial Nataliya Kulichenko Incentives India India Concentrating Solar Power Initiative Gevorg Sargsyan LCR Geothermal Assistance Component Xiaoping Wang Mexico Promoting Mini-hydropower Development and Other Rigoberto Yepez-Garcia Renewables Mexico Renewable Energy Assistance Program Leopoldo Montanez AFR – Africa EAP – East Asia and Pacific ECA – Europe and Central Asia MNA – Middle East and North Africa LCR – Latin America and the Caribbean SAR – South Asia Region E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M ONGOING ACTIVITIES 2010 ANNUAL REPORT COUNTRY/REGION ACTIVITY TASK MANAGER ENERGY ASSESSMENT AND STRATEGY PROGRAM Chile Support for Development of National Energy Efficiency Lucia Spinelli Program China Municipal Heating Regulation (Phase 1) Gailius J. Draugelis China Heat Regulation (Phase 2) Gailius J. Draugelis 49 China Greater Mekong Sub-Region Power Trade Beatriz Arizu de Jablonski ECA Climate Change: Energy Vulnerability Daryl Fields Global Power Sector Market Structure Maria Vagliasindi ANNE X 4. COMPLETED, NE W, AND ONGOING ACTIVITIES, FISCAL YE AR 2010 Global Regional Energy Integration: Global Case Studies Jonathan Coony Global Rehabilitation of Hydropower Infrastructure Caroline Van Den Berg LCR Energy, Environment, and Population (Phase II) Alonso Zarzar Casis MNA Maghreb Energy Trade Silvia Pariente-David Peru Assessment of Climate Impact on Peru’s Hydrology: Walter Vergara Development of a Methodology South Africa Low Carbon Growth Study Xiaodong Wang Turkey Capacity Building for Electricity Market Operations Sergio Augusto Gonzalez Coltrinari PRO-POOR ENERGY ACCESS TA PROGRAM Bangladesh Improving Indoor Air Susmita Dasgupta Bangladesh Introducing Energy-Efficient and Cleaner Technologies and Maria Sarraf Practices in the Brick-making Sector Global Work on Gender and Youth in Extractive Industries Adriana Eftimie Global Evaluation of Rural Electrification Shahidur R. Khandker Global ESMED Energy Access for Urban Poor Koffi Ekoevi Global Energy Efficient Cities Project Support Facility Feng Liu ENERGY EFFICIENCY CITIES INITIATIVE Global Small Grants Jas Singh Global Good Practice Awards Jas Singh Global Rapid Analytical Framework Ranjan Bose RENEWABLE ENERGY MARKET TRANSFORMATION INITIATIVE Philippines Renewable Energy Development Beatriz Arizu de Jablonski LCR Guidelines for Scaling-up Wind Energy Development Roberto Gabriel Aiello Iran Renewable Energy Vladislav Vucetic AFR – Africa EAP – East Asia and Pacific ECA – Europe and Central Asia MNA – Middle East and North Africa LCR – Latin America and the Caribbean SAR – South Asia Region E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M ANNE X 5. C O MMUNIC ATIO N S , FIS C AL Y E AR 2 010 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 50 E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M ANNEX 5. COMMUNICATIONS, FISCAL YEAR 2010 2010 ANNUAL REPORT During fiscal year 2011, ESMAP teamed up the World Bank’s regional energy units to highlight results and share knowledge and best practices through a wide variety of media: blogs, websites, web articles, and monthly electronic newsletters; academic publications, briefing notes, traditional reports, and user-friendly program brochures; and various social media outlets (Flickr, You Tube, and 51 Facebook). ESMAP also continues to reach out to global audiences at international events, such as Carbon Expo 2010 (Cologne, Germany) and Concentrated Solar Power Workshop (Botswana). A rede- signed ESMAP website was launched in mid-2010 to reflect priorities of the Strategic Business Plan. ANNE X 5. C O MMUNIC ATIO N S , FIS C AL Y E AR 2 010 ISBN, PUB. NO. OR COUNTRY/ TITLE AUTHOR/PTL/ PROJECT ID REGION PROGRAM Briefing Notes BN001-09 Global Low Carbon Growth Country Studies— Jane Ebinger Getting Started: Experience from Six Countries BN002-09 Albania An Assessment of Climate Change Jane Ebinger Vulnerability, Risk, and Adaptation in Albania’s Energy Sector (English, Albanian) BN003-10 Mexico Low-Carbon Development for Mexico Jane Ebinger BN004-10 Global Regional Power Sector Integration: Lessons Johnathan Cooney from Global Case Studies and a Literature Review BN005-10 Brazil Brazil Low Carbon Country Case Study Jane Ebinger Brochures -- CESVAP Country Energy Sector Vulnerability Istvan Dobozi Assessments Program: Helping Countries Prepare an Effective Energy Sector Response -- REMTI Renewable Energy Market Transformation Cindy Suh Initiative: Scaling Up Deployment of Grid- Connected Renewable Energy Technologies for Power Supply Diversification EXTOP Publications P099234 AFR Monitoring Performance of Electric Utilities: Prasad Tallapragada/ Indicators and Benchmarking in Sub-Saharan Maria Shkaratan, Africa Ada Karina Izaguirre, Jaakko Helleranta, Saifur Rahman, Sten Bergman 978-0-8213-7897-7 Bangladesh Restoring Balance: Bangladesh’s Rural Shahidur Khandker/ Energy Realities Doug Barnes/ M. Asaduzzaman 978-0-8213-8104-5 Global Energy Efficient Cities: Assessment Tools and Ranjan Bose Benchmarking Practices E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 978-0-8213-8122-9 Mexico Low-Carbon Development for Mexico Todd M. Johnson/ 2010 ANNUAL REPORT Claudio Alatorre/Zayra Romo/Feng Liu Knowledge Resources Article in Press Global Financing Energy Efficiency in Developing Ashok Sarkar, Jas Countries—Lessons Learned and Remaining Singh Challenges (Elsevier) 2-pager Global Regional Power Sector Integration (RPSI): Johnathan Cooney Lessons from Global Case Studies and a Literature Review | An Overview 52 P110201 LCR Managing an Electricity Shortfall: A Guide for Pierre Audinet, Martin Policymakers Rodriguez Pardina P118014 LCR Assessing the Impact of the Economic and Karen Bazex Financial Crisis on Power Sector Investments ANNE X 5. C O MMUNIC ATIO N S , FIS C AL Y E AR 2 010 in LCR: Colombia, Peru and Jamaica Workshop Moldova Action Plan for the Financial Stabilization of Gary Stuggins the District Heating Sector in Chisinau ASTAE Vietnam Vietnam: Expanding Opportunities for Energy Robert P. Taylor, Jas Efficiency Singh, Alberto U. Ang Co Regional Reports Formal Report AFR Designing Strategies and Instruments to Gerald Meyerman, 329/09* Address Power Projects Stress Situations Ananda M. Covindassamy P109700 AFR Petroleum Product Markets in Sub-Saharan Sanjoy Rajan, Robert Africa: Comparative Efficiency Analysis of 12 Murphy, Masami Countries Kojima, Robert Bacon P111483 AFR Guidelines for Regulating Cross-border Anthony Hughes Power Trading in Southern Africa (consultant report) P111483 AFR International Experience with Cross-Border Anthony Hughes Power Trading (consultant report) 53331-ALB Albania Climate Vulnerability Assessment | An Jane Ebinger Assessment of Climate Change Vulnerability, Risk, and Adaptation in Albania’s Power Sector 53304-BG Bulgaria Building Regulatory Capacity for Renewable Istvan Dobozi, Energy Sources Peter Johansen Colombia Review of Policy Framework for Increased Walter Vergara Reliance on Wind Energy In Colombia: Options For Market Entry of Wind Power in Colombia’s Energy Mix P110548 ECA Status of Energy Efficiency in the Western Peter Johansen, Balkans: A Stocktaking Report Hinderikus Busz, Ana Plecas Formal Report Honduras Power Sector Issues and Options Lucio Monari, Xiaoping 333/10* Wang, Dante Mossi, Manuel Dussan, Angel Baide, Juan Manuel Rojas E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M P110874 Hungary Assessment of Smart Metering Models: The Dobozi (consultant 2010 ANNUAL REPORT Case of Hungary report) P116206 Jordan Power Sector Financial Vulnerability S. Pariente-David, P. Assessment Impact of the Credit Crisis on Roos, R. Chavapricha, Investments in the Power Sector Hashemite J. Rho, H. Al-Harazi, S. Kingdom of Jordan Kpundeh 52106-LAC LCR Managing an Electricity Shortfall: A Guide for Pierre Audinet, Martin Policymakers Pardina 55210 Macedonia Restructuring Paper on a Proposed Project Peter Johansen Restructuring of Sustainable Energy Project Formal Report Mexico Innovative Financial Mechanism to Implement Charles Feinstein 53 338/09* Energy Efficiency Projects in Mexico 53047-MNA MNA Exploring the Potential for Electricity Trade Waleed Alsuraih, and Interconnection among Yemen and GCC Husam Beides, Khalid ANNE X 5. C O MMUNIC ATIO N S , FIS C AL Y E AR 2 010 Countries Boukantar 54455-MNA MNA Potential of Energy Integration in Mashreq Husam Beides, and Neighboring Countries Hossein Razavi, Doug Bowman, Khalid Boukantar P113570 Moldova Policy Note Action Plan for the Financial Gary Stuggins, Shinya Stabilization of the District Heating Sector in Nishimura, Claudia Chisinau Vasquez P112552 Montenegro Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Options For Gerner (consultant Future Power Generation In Montenegro report) P108120 Morocco Options for a Low Carbon Energy Future in Silvia Pariente-David Morocco (consultant report) 53719-PE Peru Peru: Overcoming Barriers to Hydropower Enrique Crousillat, (English, Spanish; unpublished) Susan V. Bogach 49923-SY Syrian Arab Electricity Sector Strategy Note Husam Beides, Ananda Republic (unpublished) Covindassamy, Waleed Alsuraih, Henk Busz, Khalid Boukantar P116216 Tunisia Power Sector Vulnerability Assessment | S. Pariente-David Impact of the Credit Crisis on Investments in The Power Sector: The Case of Tunisia P105603 Ukraine Case Study: How to Improve the District (consultant report) Heating Sector in Kharkiv 52865-VN Vietnam Gas Sector Development Framework Richard Spencer 54790-GZ West Bank Public Transport Performance and Tariff Ibrahim K. Dajani, Setting Dr. Faisal Awadallah, Brendan Finn, Abdallah Awad, Khalida Al-Qutob P110209 West Bank Strategic Assessment On Energy Efficiency Ibrahim K. Dajani, And Security For Public Transport In The Roger Rault, Khaled West Bank Alsahili, Lamis Aljounaidi, Gregoire Gauthier, Khalida Al-Qutob E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT Webstories South Asia’s Power Sector Relatively Unaffected by Global Financial Crisis, Says New Report CESVAP ADF 7 Side Event sponsored by ESMAP, World Bank and UNECA discusses Energy and Climate for Development ESMAP Energy & Climate Adaptation Highlights Energy Adaptation Toolkit Helps Policymakers Assess Climate Change Risks To Power Systems Europe and Central Asia: New Strategy Makes District Heating Efficient and Affordable to All ESMAP Helps Maharashtra’s Public–Private Partnership Double Electricity Production and 54 Transmission Cleaner Motor Fuels in Sub-Saharan Africa by 2020 A New Report Offers Energy Options To Policymakers Getting East Asia onto a Sustainable Energy Path- World Bank/ESMAP Funded Study ANNE X 5. C O MMUNIC ATIO N S , FIS C AL Y E AR 2 010 ESMAP Discusses Outcomes of NATO’s Advanced Research Workshop on Weather and Climate Risk Management for the Energy Sector Egypt: Policymakers Use ESMAP Analysis in Ongoing Policy Reform Discussions SIDA: World Bank/ESMAP Presents Ways to Secure Climate Adaptable Energy Services for Low Income Countries. A Show Case of Albania’s Climate Vulnerability Assessment at World Bank’s Sustainable Development Network Forum Power Sector Vulnerability Assessments: Training Session 2010 New Report: Petroleum Product Markets in Sub-Saharan Africa: Comparative Efficiency Analysis of 12 Countries Twelve African Countries Could Pay Less for Oil Products: New Study Reveals ESMAP Develops a Framework to Support Adaptation of Energy Infrastructure to Climate Change ESMAP Funds Oil and Gas Sector Programs in Sub-Saharan Africa and Vietnam Albania Assesses Climate Change Risk to Energy Sector ESMAP Launches Program to Support Jordan Develop an Energy Efficient City Transport Plan EECI Cities Have Started Using A New ESMAP tool to Quickly Diagnose their Energy Use, Says Program Manager, Rohit Khanna Beijing: A World Bank/ESMAP funded Program Eases Traffic Congestion Using Buses, Says Newspaper Developing Countries Must Make Energy Efficiency a Pillar in Building Construction Energy Needs of Mega-cities Can Be Met Efficiently, Says ESMAP Expert at World Energy Congress ESMAP Sponsors Energy Efficiency Workshops in Brazil and Russia Roundtable on Energy Efficiency Metrics & National Energy Efficiency Assessment in Developing Countries EECI Launches City Energy Efficiency Good Practice Awards ESMAP Offers Practical Energy Efficiency Solutions To Meet Energy Needs in Cities Large-Scale Residential Energy Efficiency Programs Based on Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) Energy Efficient Cities Initiative Project Database ESMAP’s Energy Efficient Cities Initiative Attains Early Gains in 2010 Cities Crucial to Attaining Energy Efficiency across Sectors: Book Launch Rapid Assessment Framework (RAF): New Tool to Help Cities Use Energy Efficiently New Publication Outlines Energy Saving Solutions in the Public Sector Climate Change Mitigation in the Buildings Sector New Study Provides Solutions to Beijing’s Transport Needs Energy Efficient Cities Initiative Celebrates Its First Anniversary ESMAP Becomes a CLEAN Partner LCGCS Latest Country Study Offers Low Carbon Options Coupled with Growth Carbon Expo Session Unveils Tools for Low-Carbon Development ESMAP Conducts a Hands on Workshop on Low Carbon Development ESMAP Conducts a Knowledge Sharing Session on Low Carbon Growth E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M WB/IMF Annual Meetings: ESMAP Hailed for Low Carbon Energy Plans and Its Energy Access PEA-TAP 2010 ANNUAL REPORT Program ESMAP Joins UN’s Global Alliance for Clean Cook stoves An ESMAP Funded Program Helps Rwandese Break Out of Poverty Says Irish Times Unveiled Monitoring System to Allow Nepalese Gauge Energy Benefits Gender and Energy Capacity Building Workshop for South Asia Dhaka, Bangladesh Lighting Africa: Winners picked as best off-grid lighting products in Sub-Saharan Africa New Web Site for Africa Electrification Initiative (AEI), Funded by ESMAP-AFREA, Now Available A Beneficiary of World Bank/IFC/ESMAP’s Lighting Africa Initiative Wins UN Prize Highlights: ESMAP’s Gender and Energy Development Strategies Program (GEDS) Energy Access For The Urban Poor: Strategies For Promoting Productive Uses Of Modern Energy New ESMAP Program Provides Gender Based Interventions for Equitable Development 55 Middle East Countries Could Boost Their Electricity Through Cross Border Trade REISP South East Europe: Results of a Study on Power Sector Integration and Market Reform Regional Energy Integration: Early Findings from an ESMAP Regional Power Study ANNE X 5. C O MMUNIC ATIO N S , FIS C AL Y E AR 2 010 South East Europe: A Regional Approach to Energy Security REEEP and ESMAP Highlight Successful Low Carbon Energy Projects REMTI CSP Manufactures Critical for Program Effectiveness in Middle East & North Africa A Wind Measuring Tool Could Support Deployment of Electricity in Developing Countries Geothermal Energy Could Help Diversify The Global Energy Mix Says ESMAP Expert Southern African Regional Workshop on Concentrating Solar Thermal Power New ESMAP Program Supports the RE development Process: Renewable Energy Market Transformation Initiative Workshop to Help Accelerate the Deployment of Concentrated Solar Programs Central America Energy Integration: Workshop on Energy Sector Challenges and Opportunities ESMAP’s Renewable Energy Initiative Registers Progress in Helping Countries Diversify Their Energy Supply Mix ESMAP Outlines Ways to Scaling Up Deployment of Grid-Connected Renewable Energy Technologies at DFID’s UK Event Clean Technology Fund approves US$750 million to expand Concentrated Solar Power in MENA countries Mexico Adopts New Law to Diversify Energy Sources with ESMAP/ World Bank Assistance Assessing the Impacts of Climate Change on Mountain Hydrology: The Case Study of Peru Middle East & North Africa launches the Scale-up Concentrated Solar Power Program Over 1.5 Million Colombians Can Benefit From an Energy Mix that Includes Wind An Analysis of Renewable Energy Generation in Sri Lanka Latin America Electricity Challenge: capacity building initiatives Development of Small and Medium Hydropower in Peru: Overcoming Barriers Workshop Proceedings WP009-10 Cambodia Fighting Poverty through Decentralized Yvette Bossman Renewable Energy| Energy SME Conference WP010-10 Philippines International Experience on Renewable Energy Susan Bogach Development Technical Workshop -- Bangladesh Gender and Energy Capacity Building Workshop Adriana Eftimie for South Asia *Discontinued series as of June 30, 2009. E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 56 ABBRE V IATIO N S AND ACRO N Y M S E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS 2010 ANNUAL REPORT AAA analytical and advisory activity GDP gross domestic product AEI Africa Electrification Initiative GEDS Gender and Energy Development AFREA Africa Renewable Energy Access Program (ESMAP) Program, the World Bank GHG greenhouse gas AEPC Alternate Energy Promotion Center HEAT Hands-on Energy Adaptation Toolkit ASTAE Asia Sustainable and Alternative IBNET International Benchmarking 57 Energy Program, the World Bank Network BBL brown bag lunch IRENA International Renewable Energy CAS country assistance strategy Agency ABBRE V IATIO N S AND ACRO N Y M S CCDP Climate Change for Development LCG low carbon growth Professionals LED light-emitting diode CEIF Clean Energy Investment Framework MDTF multi-donor trust fund CESVA Country Energy Sector Vulnerability M&E monitoring and evaluation Assessments Program (ESMAP) MIS management information system CFL compact fluorescent lamp MW megawatts CG Consultative Group NAPCC National Action Plan for Climate CPS country partnership strategy Change CSP concentrated solar power NEAP National Electricity Access Program CVA climate vulnerability assessment OBA output-based aid EAfUP Energy Access for the Urban Poor OLADE Latin American Energy Organization (ESMAP) OPVA oil price vulnerability assessment EASP Energy Assessments and Strategies PEA-TAP Pro-poor Energy Access-Technical Program (ESMAP) Assistance Program (ESMAP) ECA Europe and Central Asia, the World PSVA power sector vulnerability Bank assessment EE energy efficiency PUE productive uses of electricity EECI Energy Efficient Cities Initiative RE renewable energy (ESMAP) REEEP Renewable Energy and Energy EFFECT Energy Forecasting Framework and Efficiency Partnership Emissions Consensus Tool REMTI Renewable Energy Market EI extractive industries Transformation Initiative (ESMAP) ESMAP Energy Sector Management RPSI regional power sector integration Assistance Program SADC Southern African Development ESMED Small and Medium Enterprises Community Development Program (ESMAP) SAPP Southern African Power Pool ESPC energy savings performance SME small and medium enterprises contracts SSA Sub-Saharan Africa ETW Sustainable Energy Department SWaP sector-wide approach (SEG), formerly Energy, TA technical assistance Transport, and Water Department, TAG Technical Advisory Group the World Bank TRACE Tool for Rapid Assessment of City EUEI PDF European Union Energy Initiative Energy Partnership Dialogue Facility U.S. the United States FEMA Federal Emergency Management US$ United States dollar Agency WBG World Bank Group FY fiscal year WBI World Bank Institute GCC Gulf Cooperation Council E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M 2010 ANNUAL REPORT 58 CHAPTER 5. FINANCIAL REVIEW E NE RGY S ECTO R M A N AGE ME N T A S S I STA N C E PRO GR A M Copyright © 2011 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/THE WORLD BANK GROUP 1818 H Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20433, U.S.A. All rights reserved Manufactured in the United States of America First printing June 2011 The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this paper are entirely those of the author(s) and should not be attributed in any manner to the World Bank, or its affiliated organizations, or to members of its Board of Executive Directors or the countries they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility whatsoever for any consequence of their use. The Boundaries, colors, denominations, other information shown on any map in this volume do not imply on the part of the World Bank Group any judgment on the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. The material in this publication is copyrighted. However, it may be reproduced in whole or in part and in any form for educational or nonprofit uses, without special permission provided acknowledgment of the source is made. Requests for permission to reproduce portions for resale or commercial purposes should be sent to the ESMAP Manager at the address listed above. ESMAP encourages dissemination of its work and will normally give permission promptly. The ESMAP Manager would appreciate receiving a copy of the publication that uses this material for its source sent in care of the address listed above. All images remain the sole property of their source and may not be used for any purpose without written permission from the source. Production Credits Design: Patricia Hord Graphik Design Production Editor: Marjorie K. Araya Photo Credits Cover: E. Miller, C. Carnemark, G. Ratushenko, S. Wallace, The World Bank; ESMAP; Lighting Africa; and stock.exchange Page ii: J. Isaac/The World Bank Pages v, 12, 16 and 26: Lighting Africa Pages vi, 4, 11, 44 and 50: C. Carnemark/The World Bank Page 2: S. Wallace/The World Bank Pages 8 and 14: Anil Cabraal Page 18: ESMAP Pages 22, 32, 36, and 58: stock.xchng Page 25: A. Vitale/The World Bank Page 29: AFREA Page 30: LeGall/The World Bank Page 56: Y. Hadar/The World Bank .esmap.org www Energy Sector Management Assistance Program The World Bank 1818 H Street, NW Washington DC 20433 USA Fax: 202.522.3018 Email: esmap@worldbank.org FOLLOW US: @WorldBankenergy Esmap Energy