E1886 v7 Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Co.Ltd World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project in Zhengzhuang Libi Wellblock Cooperation Block Environment Impact Report (2 volumes) Chemical Design Institute of Shanxi Province GHPZHY No.1303 In May, 2013, Taiyuan I Contents Executive Summary.................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1 Legal, Policy and Management Framework ....................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 1.1 Environmental protection laws and regulations............................................................ 1 1.2 World Bank Relevent Regulations................................................................................ 3 1.3 Environment Quality Standards.................................................................................... 3 1.4 Emission standards ...................................................................................................... 5 2 Project Analysis ..................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 2.1 Wellsites ........................................................................................................................ 6 2.1.1 Drilling works ...................................................................................................... 6 2.1.2 Gas production works....................................................................................... 15 2.1.3 Wellsite layout................................................................................................... 20 2.2 Gas-gathering station.................................................................................................. 25 2.2.1 Gas-gathering station layout ............................................................................ 25 2.2.2 Gas-gathering station flow process .................................................................. 26 2.2.3 Gas-gathering station plane layout .................................................................. 27 2.3 Gas gathering grid ...................................................................................................... 28 2.3.1 Gas-gathering process ..................................................................................... 28 2.3.2 Pressure system flow ....................................................................................... 30 2.3.3 Gas–gathering grid ........................................................................................... 30 2.3.4 Gas pipeline...................................................................................................... 31 2.3.5 Pipeline laying................................................................................................... 31 2.3.6 Pipeline crossing .............................................................................................. 31 2.3.7 Gas-gathering main quantities statistics .......................................................... 31 2.4 Measuring pigging station........................................................................................... 32 2.5 Production command center ...................................................................................... 33 2.6 Road works ................................................................................................................. 33 2.6.1 Regional road conditions.................................................................................. 33 2.6.2 Line selection principles, road slate.................................................................. 33 2.6.3 Road design ..................................................................................................... 34 2.7 Water supply and drainage works .............................................................................. 36 2.7.1 Water supply..................................................................................................... 36 2.7.2 Drainage ........................................................................................................... 38 2.7.3 Gasfield water treatment .................................................................................. 40 2.8 HVAC .......................................................................................................................... 44 2.9 Power supply system.................................................................................................. 44 II 2.9.1 Power supply plan ............................................................................................ 44 2.9.2 Power supply main quantities .......................................................................... 45 2.10 Main quantities and key techno-economic indexes ................................................. 46 3 Present Environmental Status ........................................... 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Bookmark not defined. 3.1 Project geographic location .......................................................................................... 1 3.2 Geomorphological type................................................................................................. 4 3.3 Geological structure ...................................................................................................... 4 3.4 Meteorological characteristics .................................................................................... 11 3.5 Hydrology .................................................................................................................... 12 3.5.1 Surface water quality ........................................................................................ 12 3.5.2 Groundwater quality ......................................................................................... 17 3.6 Ambient air quality status ............................................................................................ 24 3.6.1 Ambient air quality status monitoring ............................................................... 24 3.6.2 Status evaluation .............................................................................................. 25 3.7 Acoustic environmental quality status ........................................................................ 30 3.8 Soil .............................................................................................................................. 30 3.8.1 Soil type ............................................................................................................ 30 3.8.2 Soil erosion ....................................................................................................... 30 3.9 Biodiversity .................................................................................................................. 32 3.9.1 Vegetation status.............................................................................................. 32 3.9.2 Wide animal status survey and evaluation....................................................... 33 3.10 Social environment overview.................................................................................... 34 3.10.1 Social environment overview ......................................................................... 34 3.10.2 Land use......................................................................................................... 36 3.11 Yanshan Nature Reserve ......................................................................................... 37 3.12 Cultural relics............................................................................................................. 42 3.13 Woodland.................................................................................................................. 44 3.14 Environmental protection goals .................................................................................. 1 4 EIA and Mitigation Measures.............................................. 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Bookmark not defined. 4.1 Construction period environmental impact analysis and assessment ......................... 4 4.1.1 Drilling works ...................................................................................................... 4 4.1.2 Gas-gathering station site................................................................................. 16 4.1.3 Gas production and gathering grid................................................................... 22 4.1.4 Road works ...................................................................................................... 27 4.1.5 Power transmission works ............................................................................... 34 4.2 Operation period environmental impact analysis and assessment ........................... 37 4.2.1 Environmental impact analysis during the drilling works operation and mitigations.................................................................................................................. 37 III 4.2.2 Gas-gathering station site................................................................................. 40 4.2.3 Gas production and gathering grid................................................................... 44 4.2.4 Road works ...................................................................................................... 44 4.2.5 Power transmission works ............................................................................... 44 4.3 Repair/maintenance period environmental impact analysis and assessment .......... 45 4.3.1 Wellsite ............................................................................................................. 45 4.3.2 Gas-gathering station site................................................................................. 46 4.3.3 Gas production and gathering grid................................................................... 46 4.3.4 Road works ...................................................................................................... 46 4.4 List of environmental protection measures................................................................. 46 5 Comparison .......................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 5.1 Produced water treatment proposal comparison ......................................................... 1 5.1.1 Process proposals.............................................................................................. 1 5.1.2 Process............................................................................................................... 4 5.2 Well type comparison ................................................................................................... 5 5.3 Drilling mode comparison ............................................................................................. 6 5.4 Completion method comparison .................................................................................. 8 5.5 Required wellsite layout plan ...................................................................................... 10 6 Environment Management Plan......................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Please see Environment Management Plan Volume ..... Error! Bookmark not defined. 7 Safety Evaluation ................................................................. Error! Bookmark not defined. 7.1 Process Dangerous and Harmful Factor Analysis ....................................................... 1 7.1.1 Main hazards and harmful substances for the project ....................................... 1 7.1.2 Main hazards, harmful factors and hazardous locations ................................... 2 7.1.3 Project hazards and harmful factors analysis .................................................... 2 7.2 Safety checklist inspection............................................................................................ 5 7.2.1 Safety checklist inspection ................................................................................. 5 7.2.2 Safety checklist inspection result analysis ....................................................... 11 7.3 Measures analysis ...................................................................................................... 13 7.3.1 Risk and accident prevention and handling measures.................................... 13 7.3.2 Accident emergency treatment and key items of emergency plan ................. 15 7.4 Conclusions ................................................................................................................ 17 7.4.1 Evaluation result ............................................................................................... 17 7.4.2 Evaluation conclusions..................................................................................... 17 8 Due Diligence ....................................................................... 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Bookmark not defined. 8.1 Project overview............................................................................................................ 1 8.2 Construction progress................................................................................................... 3 8.3 Environmental impact assessment implementation..................................................... 3 IV 8.4 Main environmental impacts and environmental protection measures ....................... 8 8.4.1 Environmental impacts and environmental protection measures during construction ................................................................................................................. 8 8.4.2 Environmental impact and environmental protection measures during operation .................................................................................................................... 12 8.5 Environmental management plan .............................................................................. 14 8.5.1 Environmental management............................................................................ 14 8.5.2 Environmental monitoring plan......................................................................... 15 8.6 Analysis of the project similarities and differences ..................................................... 17 8.6.1 Similarities......................................................................................................... 17 8.6.2 Differences........................................................................................................ 17 8.7 Project implementation progress ................................................................................ 18 9 Public Consultation ............................................................. 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Bookmark not defined. 9.1 First public consultaton ................................................................................................. 1 9.1.1 Approach of consultation.................................................................................... 1 9.1.2 Survey content.................................................................................................... 7 9.1.3 Survey result statistics ...................................................................................... 10 9.2 Second public consultaton.......................................................................................... 12 9.2.1 Approach of consultation.................................................................................. 12 9.2.2 Public participation symposium ........................................................................ 21 9.2.3 Meeting conclusions......................................................................................... 23 10 Information Disclosure........................................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. 10.1 How and what ............................................................................................................. 1 10.1.1 How .................................................................................................................. 1 10.1.2 What ................................................................................................................. 1 10.2 Public review proposal and reply................................................................................ 2 10.3 Conclusions ................................................................................................................ 2 11 Evaluation conclusions....................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. 11.1 Project overview.......................................................................................................... 1 11.2 Present Environmental Status .................................................................................... 2 11.3 Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures ........................................................ 4 11.3.1 Construction period environmental impact ...................................................... 4 11.3.2 Operation period environmental impact ......................................................... 13 11.3.3 Repair/maintenance period environmental impact ........................................ 16 11.4 Proposal Comparison ............................................................................................... 17 11.4.1 Produced water treatment proposal comparison........................................... 17 11.4.2 Well type comparison ..................................................................................... 17 11.4.3 Drilling mode comparison............................................................................... 17 V 11.4.4 Completion method comparison .................................................................... 18 11.4.5 Required wellsite layout plan.......................................................................... 18 11.5 Environmental management plan ............................................................................ 18 11.6 Safety Evaluation ...................................................................................................... 19 11.7 Public participation .................................................................................................... 19 11.8 General conclusions ................................................................................................. 19 12 Appendixes........................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix 1 EIA Power of Attorney .................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix 2 QMF [2013] No.177........................................ Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix 3 Joint reconnaissance site selection meeting minutesError! Bookmark not defined. Appendix 4 Joint reconnaissance site selection site photosError! Bookmark not defined. Appendix 5 Public participation symposium sign-in sheet Error! Bookmark not defined. Appendix 6 Public participation questionnaire respondents informationError! Bookmark not defined. VI Executive Summary According to the Environmental Protection Law of PRC, PRC Environment Impact Assessment Law and PRC State Council Order No. 253 Construction Project Environmental Protection Management Regulations as well as relevant laws, regulations and requirements, Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited’s World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project in Zhengzhuang Libi Wellblock Cooperatio Block needs environmental impact assessment (EIA). After the Chemical Design Institute of Shanxi Province received the entrust, the project team performed site reconnaissance and survey of the project construction area, analyzed and studied relevant basic information, technical documents and relevant policies and law clauses, collected and processed the regional natural and social environmental information. Assessment strictly followed relevant policies, especially World Bank relevant policies, and management requirements of environmental protection departments of various levels and performed public participatation and investigation. On the basis of fully soliciting public opinions, in line with requirements of the environmental impact assessment (EIA) guidelines, we formulated the Environmental Impact Report on Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited’s World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project in Zhengzhuang Libi Wellblock Cooperatio Block. Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited’s World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project in Zhengzhuang Libi Wellblock Cooperatio Block is jointly developed by Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited and PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co, the cooperation block is located in Zhengzhuang block Libi wellblock in the PetroChina Huabei Oilfield registration area, an area of 50 km2，and capacity scale of 2.1318×108 m3/a. the 1 development mode is straight well and directional well development via drainage and gas production and overall decompression. 323 wells are drilled, including 307 effective wells. The single well capacity of straight wells is 2000 m3/d, that of directional wells is 1600 m3/d；capaicty construction period is 3 years, accumulative new capacity is 2.1318×108 m3，steady production lasts almost 3 years, cumulative gas production is 27.05×108 m3 within the 18-year production period. The construction content includes 323 gas wells (form 307 effective wells), 1 gas-gathering station, 80 gas production pipelines, 4.141 km access road to the station and 70954 m access road to the site. Aggregate investment of the project involves RMB 214.0501 million. The project selected well completion mode is perforated casing completion, 13 1/2” section-well structure is applied, no solid or low solid drilling fluid (non toxicity and harmless components) is used, casing and cement are used for cementing, with 30-day drilling cycle. Through fracturing, coal bed drainage and decompression is accelerated, CBM desorption and flow are boosted, fracturing fluid is water + 2.0% potassium chloride + 0.2% surfactant（DL-10 or D50）＋ a small amount of fungicide. After CBM enters the gas-gathering station through gas production mains, it undergoes gas-liquid searation in the separator, enters the skid-mounted compressor for boosting and compression in two steps. Boosted CBM pressure is 1.65 Mpa dependent on location of gas-gathering station in the grid, cooled to 54 ℃ via the air cooler, goes to LNG. Gathering process is multi-well series and LP transmission without alcohol injection. Libi wellblock CBM development project is located near Libi Village, Qinshui County, Jingcheng, with surrounding mountains and hilly topography. The project site belongs to temperate monsoon cliamte area, with distinct continental climate and four seasons, long winter and short summer, hot rainy 2 season, strong monsoon wind. In spring, it is dry and windy, most draught; in summer, it is hot and rainy, unevenly rain and heat; in autumn, it is mild and comfortable and slightly rainy; in winter, it is cold with little sunlight and sparse rain and snow. The project site surfae water is Qinhe River tributary of the Yellwo River, main rivers are Qinhe River and Qinshui River. The area enjoys good ambient air, surface water, groundwater and acoustic environment. Construction of the Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project CBM development works will inevitably generate unfavorable impact on ecological environment, surface water environment, groundwater environment, ambient air and acoustic environment, project construction will have positive effect on boosting local social and economic development and improving residents’ living standard. As long as 3-simultaneous work is implemented during the project execution and production, ecological recovery and pollution precautions developed in the assessment are taken, clean production and up-to-standard emissions and overall control target will be realized, unfavorable impact of the project will be minimized, economic benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits will be unified in an organic way and social and environmental sustained development can be realized. From environmental protection perspective, construction of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited Zhengzhuang Libi Wellblock Cooperatio Block World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project construction is feasible. 3 1 Legal, Policy and Management Framework 1.1 Environmental protection laws and regulations 1. Environmental Protection Law of PRC, promulgated and implemented on December 26, 1989; 2. PRC Environmnet Impact Assessment Law, promulgated on October 28, 2002 and implemented on September 1, 2003; 3. Air Pollution Prevention Law of PRC, promulgated on April 29, 2000 and implemented on September 1, 2000; 4. Water Pollution Prevention Law of PRC, promulgated on February 28, 2008 and implemented on June 1, 2000; 5. Law of PRC on the Prevention and Control of Environment Pollution by Solid Waste, promulgated on December 29, 2004 and implemented on April 1, 2005; 6. Law of PRC on the Prevention and Control of Environment Pollution by noise, promulgated on October 29, 1996 and implemented on March 1, 1997; 7. Cleaner Production Promotion Law of PRC, promulgated on February 29 and implemented on July 1, 2012; 8. Circular Economy Promotion Law of PRC, promulgated on August 29, 2008 and implemented on January 1, 2009; 9. Energy Conservation Law of PRC, promulgated on October 28, 2007 and implemented on April 1, 2008; 10. Soil and Water Conservation Law of PRC, revised and promulgated on December 25, 2010 and implemented on March 1, 2001; 1 11. The State Council’s Decision on the Implementation of Scientific Development Concept to Strengthen Environmental Protection, GF [2005] No.39, December 3, 2005; 12. Construction Project Environmental Protection Management Regulations, State Council Order No.253, implemented on November 18, 1998; 13. Construction Project Environmental Impact Assessment Classified Management Directory, October 1, 2008; 14. SDRC Degree No.9 Guiding Catalog of Industrial Structure Adjustment (2011), promulgated on March 27, 2011 and implemented on June 1, 2011; 15. SEPA H[2006] No.28 Interim Measures for Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment, promulgated and implemented on February 14, 2006; 16. SEPA HJ [1993] No.324 Notice on Strengthening Environmental Impact Assessment Management of International Financial Corporation Loan Construction Projects in 1993; 17. Shanxi Provincial Government General Office Notice on Implementing the PRC Environment Impact Assessment Law, JZHBF 〔2010〕 No.12, February 25, 2010; 18. Environmental Protection Regulations of Shanxi Province (revised), implemented on January 19, 1996 and revised on July 30, 1997; 19. Air Pollution Prevention and Control Act of Shanxi Province, implemented on December 3, 1997 and revised on March 30, 1997; 20. Energy Saving Act of Shanxi Province, promulgated on May 28, 20000 and implemented on July 1, 2000; 2 21. Pollutant Emission Reduction Act of Shanxi Province, promulgated on December 7, 2010 and implemented on January 1, 2011; 22. Shanxi Provincial Government General Office JZHBF 〔2008〕 No.1 Shanxi Provincial Government General Office Notice on Distributing Shanxi Water Quota, January 2, 2008; 23. Shanxi Provincial Environmental Protection Adminisration JHF [2005] No.208 Notice on Distributing Shanxi Provincial Surface Water Environmental Management Division Plan, May 16, 2005; 24. Shanxi Provincial Environmental Protection Department JHF [2011] No.120 Notice on Distriubting Shanxi Provincial Construction Project Main Pollutant Emission Aggregation Verification Method during 12th Five-Year Plan Period, June 21, 2011. 1.2 World Bank Relevent Regulations 1. World Bank security policies; 2.IFC’S EHS Guidelines. 1.3 Environment Quality Standards 1. Ambient Air The project site is located in rural area, ambient air implements Level 2 criteria in“Ambient Air Quality Standards” (GB3095-2012), Non-methane hydrocarbons unlisted in the criteria refer to Israel National Ambient Air Quality Standards. Values are given in Table 1.3-1. 3 Table 1.3-1 Ambient Air Quality Standards Time of value Max./high permitted taking concentration Yearly Daily 1h Note Standard value average average average Item TSP 200 300 Ambient air quality standard SO2 60 150 500 (GB3095-2012) PM10 70 150 Level 2 criteria NO2 40 80 200 Unit: μg/Nm3 Israel National Ambient Non-methane Air Quality Standards 5.0 2.0 hydrocarbons ３ unit: mg/Nm 2. Surface water environment Surface water environment implements V criteria in Table 1 of “Surface water environment quality standards” （GB3838-2002）. Specific values are shown in Table 1.3-2. Table Table 1.3-2 Surface water environment quality standards (GB3838-2002) Unit：mg/l Ammonia Pollutant pH COD BOD5 Mercury Arsenal Petroleum Sulfide Fluoride nitrogen Standard 6-9 ≤20 ≤4 ≤1.0 ≤0.0001 ≤0.05 ≤0.05 ≤0.2 ≤1.0 value 3. Groundwater environment Regonal groundwater is mainly used as rural drinking water, farmland irwellsiteation water and manufacturing water and implements III criteria of Groundwater Quality Standards（GB/T14848-93）. Standard values are shown in Table 1.3-3. 4 Table 1.3-3 Groundwater environment quality Standards (GB/T14848-93) Unit：mg/l Pollutant pH Total hardness* Ammonia Nitrate Nitrite Fluoride nitrogen Standard 6.5-8.5 ≤450 ≤0.2 ≤20 ≤0.02 ≤1.0 value Volatile Hexavalent Pollutant Sulfate Chloride Iron Manganese phenols chromium Standard ≤250 ≤250 ≤0.002 ≤0.3 ≤0.1 ≤0.05 Pollutant Mercury Permanganate Arsenal Total Total index bacteria coliforms* Standard ≤0.001 ≤3.0 ≤0.05 ≤100 ≤3.0 value Note: Total hardness is CaCO3, coliform unit is 1/1, total coliforms unit is /m1. 4. Acoustic environment Industrial site acoustic environment implements level 2 criteria of “Acoustic environment quality standards” （GB3096-2008）, rural living area acoustic environment implements level 1 criteria of “Acoustic environment quality standards” （GB3096-2008 ）, acoustic environment of traffic artery sides implements level 4a criteria of “Acoustic environment quality standards” （GB3096-2008）. Specific standard values are shown in Table 1.3-4. Table 1.3-4 Acoustic environment quality standards (GB3096-2008) Unit：dB(A) Area Criteria Daytime Night Rural living area Level 1 criteria 55 45 Industrial site Level 2 criteria 60 50 Traffic artery sides Level 4 acriteria 70 55 1.4 Emission standards 1. Emission standards Non-methane hydrocarbons implement level 2 criteria in Table 2 of “Air pollutant emission standards” (GB16297-1996). 5 CBM implements emission limits in Table 2 of “CBM (CMM) emission standard (Interim)” （GB21522-2008）. The said criteria are given in Table 1.4-1 and Table 1.4-2. Table 1.4-1 Air pollutant emission standards (GB16297-1996) Pollutant Non-methane hydrocarbons Source Max.permitted emission concentration(mg/m3) 120 15 10 20 Max.permitted 17 Exhaust barrel emission rate (m) 30 (kg/h) 53 40 100 Non organized emission monitoring concentration 4.0 limit (mg/m3) Table 1.4-2 CBM (CMM) emission standard (Interim) (GB21522-2008) Controlled facilities Controlled items Emission limits CBM ground development CBM Emission prohibited system Concentrated methane Emission prohibited (methane concentration≥30%) CMM drainage system Concentrated methane - (methane concentration＜30%) Mine return air shaft VAM - 2. Wastewater emission standard Wastewater implements level 1 criteria in Table 4 of Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard （GB8978-1996）. Specific criteria values are given in Table 1.4-3. 6 Table 1.4-3 Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard (GB8978-1996) Unit：mg/l(pH dimensionless) Amonia Pollutant pH Suspension BOD COD Sulfide Petroleum nitrogen Criteria 6.5-9.5 70 20 100 15 1.0 5 3. Noise Emission Standards Noise during project construction period implements limit requirements in “Construction site environmental noise emission standards”（GB12523-2011）. Noise at boundary of industrial enterprises during project operation implements level 2 criteria in “Noise emission standards at boundary of industrial enterprises” (GB12348-2008); noise on the sides of traffic arteries implements 4a criteria in “Noise emission standards at boundary of industrial enterprises” (GB12348-2008). The said criteria are given in Table 1.4-4 and Table 1.4-5. Table 1.4-4 Noise emission standard during project construction period (GB12523-2011) Unit：dB(A) Area Day Night Construction site 70 55 boundary Table 1.4-5 Noise emission standards at boundary of industrial enterprises Unit：dB(A) Area Standard Daylight Night Industrial enterprise Level 2 criteria 60 50 boundary Traffic artery sides 4a criteria 70 55 4. Solid waste discharge standard Solid waste implements “Storage and disposal side pollution control standard of general industrial solid wastes” （GB 18599-2001）. 7 2 Project Analysis Zhengzhuang Libi Wellblock Cooperation Block is located in Zhengzhuang block Libi Wellblock in the PetroChina Huabei Oilfield registration area, an area of 50 km2，and capacity scale of 2.1318×108 m3/a. the development mode is straight well and directional well development via drainage and gas production and overall decompression. 323 wells were drilled, including 307 effective wells. The single well capacity of straight wells is 2000 m3/d, that of directional wells is 1600 m3/d；capaicty construction period is 3 years, accumulative new capacity is 2.1318×108 m3，steady production lasts almost 3 years, cumulative gas production is 27.05×108 m3 within the 18-year production period. Yearly workload and capacity construction arrangement: 1. Year 1: 20 new wells including 17 straight wells, 3 directional wells and 0 production well, new capacity is 0.132×108 m3. 2. Year 2: 250 new wells including 60 straight wells, 190 directional wells and 150 production wells, new capacity is 1.62×108 m3. 2. Year 3: 53 new wells including 14straight wells, 39 directional wells and 323 production wells, new capacity is 0.3498×108 m3. The project construction content includes drilling works, gas-gathering station, gas collection pipe network, road works, etc. Details are given in Table 2.0-1. The reliance relations between the project and PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Zhengzhuang Block 900 million m3 capacity construction project are given in Table 2.0-1. 1 Table 2.0-1 Project construction content mix and PetroChina Zhengzhuang Block dependence relations table Relations with PetroChina Item Project content Project construction scale Huabei Oilfield Zhengzhuang block 9.0×108m construction project Straight well 91 Located in PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Drilling Directional 232 Zhengzhuang block Libi well wellblock Wellsite 91 Located in PetroChina Zheng 5 Gas-gathering New construction, an area of Huabei Oilfield gas-gathering station 6213m2 Zhengzhuang block Libi station wellblock Main Gas project 80km - gathering grid Gas PetroChina built 8.83km production Zheng 5 gas-gathering and gathering station to Zheng 4 station Gas grid - pipeline is used to deliver gathering grid to LNG plant through Zheng 3 and Zheng 1 stations. Wellsite access roads, Access road - 70.954km in total Auxiliary Roadworks works 4.141km Zheng 5 statio pitted road using Libi Village existing Pitted road - road, road hardnening without excavation. 2 From east Zhengzhuang 35kv substation, build 73.8km 10kv Supply and distribution works - transmission line and 20km 0.4kv LV line. Gas-gathering station uses Heating works gas-fired double-function - wall-mounted boiler Water tanker hauls fresh water; production wastewater is stored and periodically shipped by Water supply and drainage - sewage tanker, domesic sewage is discharged into evaporation basin. gas field water reatment Treatment scale 600 m3/d - station Rely on PetroChina Zhengzhuang Village Production command center Not instituted production command center CBM generated from wells within the project 50 km2 is piped to Zheng 5 gas-gathering station, passes Zheng 4, 3, 2 and 1 stations via PetroChina existing gas-gathering grid and is delivered to the LNG plant and then enters the West-East Gas Pipeline. The project works range and PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Zhengzhuang Block 900 million m3 capacity construction project range schematic diagram is given in Figure 2.0-1. 3 Approach Supply road and Water workesoad distribution drainage workes Zhengzhuang block works workes wellsites by multi Gas-gathering Zheng 2 Gas-gathering Approach well series of gas-gathering pipeline station pipeline road Pipeline PetroChina workesoad laying Heating workes works works 91 Wellsites 50Km2 Gas-gathering Zheng 5 Gas-gathering Zheng 3 Zheng 1 Zheng 4 Gas-gathering pipeline of West Gas East 323 wells 91 Wellsites pipeline gas-gathering station pipeline gas-gathering Gas-gathering gas-gathering Gas-gathering gas-gathering Gas-gathering Central Transmission pipeline station pipeline station pipeline treatment wellsite external transport station Pipeline Water Gas-gathering Gas-gathering supply Gas-gathering and pipeline pipeline Drilling pipeline works drainage workes Supply and Zhengzhuang block Zhengzhuang block Zhengzhuang block distribution wellsites by multi wellsites by multi wellsites by multi works well series of well series of well series of PetroChina PetroChina PetroChina Scope of PetroChina Zhengzhuang block Scope of the project Figure 2.0-1 Project works range and PetroChina Zhengzhuang Block project range schimatic diagram The project EIA report is used to update Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited Zhengzhuang Libi Wellblock Cooperatio Block World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Demonstration Project (2.5×108 Nm3/a Zhengzhuang CBM Development Project) EIA Report, differences and variations of the two projects are given in Figure 2.0-2. Figure 2.0-2 This EIA and owellsiteinal EIA project construction content variation list Owellsiteinal EIA construction Item The project construction content content Gasfield location Libi cooperation block Zhengzhuang cooperation block Range (km2) 50 49.14 Capaicty (×108 Nm3/a) 2.1318 2.5 323 wells including 307 effective 350 wells including 333 effective Well No. wells, 91 straight wells and 232 Drilling wells, all straight wells directional wells works Wellsite 91 350 Gas-gatheirng station Zheng 5 Gas-gathering station Gas-gathering stations 1, 2 and 3 Gas Gas gathering 80km， connect 91 wellsites-Zheng 135km gathering grid 5 station 4 Owellsiteinal EIA construction Item The project construction content content grid PetroChina built 8.83km Gas-gathering gas-gathering grid connecting 15.6km grid Zheng 5 to Zheng 5 station-Zheng 4 station is used Pitted road 4.14 km 11.7km Roadworks Access road 70.954 km 57km From east Zhengzhuang 35kv Supply and substation, build 73.8 km 10kv 70 km 10kv transmission line and distribution transmission line and 20 km 0.4kv 40 km 0.4kv LV line works LV line. Gas-gathering station uses gas Gas-gathering station uses gas double-function wall-mounted Heating works double-function wall-mounted boiler boiler，while Production command center uses water heater One water well is built in the Production command center, water Water tanker hauls fresh water; tanker is used to supply to all production wastewater is stored gas-gathering stations and water Water supply and periodically shipped by treatment stations; domestic and drainage sewage tanker, domestic sewage Auxiliary sewage goes through buried works is discharged into evaporation integrated sewage treatment facility basin. and recycled in greening or drainage. gas field water One station, Treatment scale 600 One station, Treatment scale 960 treatment m3/d m3/d station Metering pigging Not instituted One station station Production Rely on PetroChina Zhengzhuang command One station Village production command center center 34.8 km gas-gathering pipeline 27 km gas-gathering pipeline from Associated gas-gathering from Zheng 5 gas-gathering station to central treatment works Zheng 5 gas-gathering station to pipeline central treatment works The project content and range schematic diagram is given in Figure 2.0-2. 5 2.1 Wellsites 2.1.1 Drilling works 2.1.1.1 Drilling mode Based on Shanxi Qinshui CBM geological conditions, considering development cost and economic benefits, without conditions to implement air drilling, water 2000 drill is applied, circulating water mud drilling, shift to water circulating drilling when drilling to the coal bed, nearly balanced drilling technology is applied throughout the drilling. 2.1.1.2 Hole geometry 1. Straight well hole geomery The project straight well uses 13 1/2” section hole geometry. Spud: 311.2mm drilling bit is used to drill around 51～81m, 244.5mm casing goes down 50～80m, sit in the hard bedrock around 10～20m. specific depth depends on actual well location, cement returns to the ground. 13 1/2” section: 215.9mm drilling bit is used to drill 50～60m below the coal bed bottom, 139.7mm casing goes down after completion, to guarantee sealing effect and reduce cementing processing harm to the coal reservoir, cement return height should meet all following requirements: ① Gas cas cement at least returns to above the coal bed top by 200m; ② Cement sealing section is no less than half of the complete well depth; ③ In case o well collapse and other complexities during the 13 1/2” section drilling, cement returns to above the complex well secton by 50m. 6 7 8 Straight well hole geometry is given in Table 2.1-1. Table 2.1-1 Straight well hoel geometry design table Spud Depth attained Casing size Drill size (mm) Setting depth (m) order (m) (mm) Set to the hard bed rock around Spud 311.2 51-81 244.5 10～20m 13 1/2” 215.9 Drilled to well 139.7 To below coal bed bottom about section bottom 50～60m 2. Directional well hole geometry 6 3/4” section hole geometry plan is used for directional well. Spud section: φ311.1mm cone bit is used, after drilling through bedrock weathering zone by 20m, 40－60m well depth is projected (actually drilled formation should prevail), set φ244.5mm surface casing, surface loose formation and gravel formation are sealed, set depth about 60m, cement is injected for total sealing. 13 1/2” section: φ215.9mm cone bit is used,when landing point is attained, set φ177.8mm production casing for cementing, cement is injected for total sealing. 6 3/4” section: φ152mm cone bit is used to complete all footage. 6 3/4” section boreholes are all openhole completed. Directional well hole geometry schematic diagram is given in Figure 2.1-1. 9 Figure 2.1-1 Directional hole geometry schematic diagram 2.1.1.3 Drilling technology 1. Straight well drilling technology First spud bottom-hole assembly: 311.2mm drill+158.75mm drill collar. Second spud BHA: pendulum drill assembly is used for second spud upper section and pendulum drill assembly footage is applied for the lower well section. Pendulum drill: 215.9mm3A ＋ tray ＋ 158.75mmNDc×1 drill ＋ 158.75mmDc×1 drill＋214.0mmF1＋158.75mmDc×（3～9m）＋214.0mmF2 ＋158.75mmDc×（12～15） drills＋127.0mmDp. 2. Directional well drill assembly ⑴12-1/4" assembly: Φ311.1mm drill +Φ177.8mm drill collar×27m+Φ127mm extra heavy drill rod. ⑵8-1/2" pendulum / tower drill assembly: Φ215.9mm drill +Φ165mm non-magnetic drill collars×9m+ Φ177.8mm drill collar×28m+Φ165mm drill collar×81m+Φ127mm extra-heavy drill rod×150+Φ127mm extra-heavy drill rod; Φ215.9mm drill+Φ165mm non-magnetic drill collars×9m+Φ213mm stabilizer+Φ165mm drill collar×95m+(Φ127mm extra-heavy drill rod×150) +Φ127mm drill rod. 10 ⑶8-1/2" drifting drill assembly: Φ215.9mm drill+Φ210mm stabilizer (supporting ring) +Φ165mm drill collar×30m+Φ127mm drill rod. ⑷6" borehole drilling assembly Directional drilling assembly: Φ152.4mm drill +Φ120mm motor+Pony DC+LWD combination ＋ Φ120mm non-magnetic drill collar×9m+F/V+Φ88.9mm drilling rod+Φ88.9mm extra-heavy drilling rod×450m. Connectivity drilling assembly: Φ152.4mm drill +RMRS+Φ120mm motor(1.5˚)+Pony DC +LWD assembly ＋ Φ120mm non-magnetic drill collar×9m ＋ F/V ＋ Φ88.9mm drilling rod ＋ Φ88.9mm extra-heavy drilling rod×450m+ Φ88.9mm drilling rod. Side drill drilling assembly: Φ152.4mm drill+Φ120mm motor (1.83˚)+Pony DC +LWD assembly ＋ Φ120mm non-magnetic drill collar×9m ＋ F/V ＋ Φ88.9mm drilling rod＋Φ88.9mm extra-heavy drilling rod×450m+ Φ88.9mm drilling rod. 2.1.1.4 Drilling fluids Based on geological conditions and coal bed protection, potassium base solid-free or low solid drilling fluid is used, straight well and directional well drilling fluid property parameters are given in Table 2.1-2 and Table 2.1-3. Table 2.1-2 Straight well drilling fluid performance parameters table Spud 13 1/2” section Drilling fluid properties 0～50m 50～600m Drilling fluid system Low solid drilling fluid Solid-free drilling fluid Density（g/cm3） 1.0～1.05 1.03～1.08 Conventional Marsh funnel viscosity 25～30 25～45 properties （s） API dehydration（mL） ＜8 11 Cake（mm） 0.5 sand content（%） ≤0.5 pH value 8～8.5 Early cut/final cut (Pa) 0～2/2～4 Rheological （mPa·s） Plastic viscosity 15～20 properties n value 0.4～0.8 Solid content（%） ＜4 Table 2.1-3 Directional well drilling fluid performance parameters table 12-1/4"open hole 8-1/2" open hole 6" well section Drilling fluid system Slope soil slurry Polymer Water Well section 0～60m 60～340m 340～well bottom Density（g/cm3） 1.05～1.08 1.05～1.10 1.02 Funnel viscosity（s） 33～40 33～45 28 Shear（10s/10min） 0/1 1/2 2.1.1.5 Cementing and completion Cementing casing: 244.5mm surface casing is all made of homemade J-55×8.94mm short round thread casing, 139.7mm production casing is all made of homemade N80×7.72mm long round thread casing. Completion wellhead is made of 244.5mm×139.7mm-14MPa easy casing head, mounted before 13 1/2” section or production casing is lowered. Cementing slurry design requirements are given in Table 2.1-4. Before each layer casing is cemented, the builder must strictly follow “SY5411-91 cementing construction design format” to perform construction design and complete set of slurry property test and admixture property analysis, which are subject to approval of Party A’s technical department before construction. 12 Table 2.1-4 Slurry formula, test and property requirements Property index Test item Test conditions Lead pulp (low Recovered pulp Remark density) (conventional cement) 1.45～1.55 Depend on Density (g/cm3) ≥1.85 well conditions Water-cement ratio (%) 55 45 Dehydration 45 ℃ 、7MPa ≤100 (mL/30min) 45 ℃ 、 Bottomhole Initial consistency(BC) ≤35 ≤20 pressure Thickening time (min) 、downhole pressure ≥construction time＋90 45 ℃ Compressive strength Bottomhole static (MPa/24h) temperature and ≥7.0 ≥14.0 pressure Bottomhole circulating N temperature and 0.70～0.80 atmospheric pressure Bottomhole circulating K(Pa.sn) temperature and ≤0.20 atmospheric pressure 2.1.1.6Drilling cycle 1. Straight well drilling cycle Table 2.1-5 Straight well drilling cycle forecast table Order Item Time (day) Cumulative time (day) 1 Spud footage 1 1 Cement surface, curing, installing wellhead, test 2 2 3 pressure 3 Footage 12.5 15.5 13 2/1” section Logging, casing lowering for cementing, 4 4.5 20 curing and completion 1. Boundary noise 13 According to “Construction site boundary noise limits”, construction site boundary dytime noise limits are 70～75dB(A)，night noise limits are 55dB(A)， during foundation stage hammers are forbidden from night construction. From Table 6.1-8, night impact distance is about 60m, night impact distance is about 210m except hammers, therefore the project construction site boundary noise limits meet the standard. 2. Directional well drilling cycle Directional well drilling cycle is detailed in Table 2.1-6. Table 2.1-6 Directional well drilling cycle forecast table Operation content Cycle (day) Cumulative time (day Drilling equipment relocation installation 7.0 0.0 Spud acceptance and spud footage to 60m, circulate pulling out 2.0 9.0 casing, cementing and curing 1.0 10.0 Drilling dust plug, 13 2/1” section footage to 336m depth, circulate pulling out 1.0 11.0 7" casing, cementing and curing 3.0 14.0 After drilling to 400m, directional deflecting to 640m depth, pull out 3.0 17.0 Connectivity operation to 700m, pull out 1.0 18.0 Pull out, reject RMRS, run in, establish underbalance 1.0 19.0 First main wellbore operation，700-1775m 3.0 22.0 First branch operation，1310-1666m 1.0 23.0 Second branch operation，1060-1589m 1.5 24.5 Third branch operation，800-1528m，pull out 2.5 27.0 Second main wellbore operation，750-1716m 2.0 29.0 Fourth branch operation，1320-1655m 1.0 30.0 Fifth branch operation，1090-1585m 1.0 31.0 Sixth branch operation，850-1545m， 2.0 33.0 Pull out, repatriate service provider, demobilize underbalance equipment 1.0 34.0 Openhole packer, inject cement, curing 2.0 36.0 14 2.1.2 Gas production works To meet stimulation treatment need, select currently mature, complete and easy-for-subsequent-operation casing performation completion, cable transmission negative pressure perforating, perforation liquid surface 100-150m, 102 perforating gun series and 127 perforating charge are used, select 90° phase angle and helical hole arrangement, fracturing liquid is active water fracturing liquid with good effect as developed in Panzhuang block development, performation density us 16 holes/m. directional well uses openhole cave completion. 2.1.2.1 Stimulation Qinnan CBM field is marked by low penetration, low porosity, low reservoir pressure and low natural capacity. Through fracturing, a certain length of artificial cracks with high conductivity will form on the coal bed, accelerate coal bed drainage and decompression, boost CBM adsorption and flow and enable CBM field to attain industrial gas flow. To guarantee holing-through of main horizontal wellbore and gas production well in the coal bed, cementing to above coal bed top by around 10m is required, lower sections are all openhole completed, 1.0-2.0m in diameter caves are created on the coal bed section holing through main horizontal wellbores. Fracturing liquid: Active water fracturing liquid formula: Water+2.0% potassium chloride＋0.2% surfactant （DL-10 or D50）＋a small amount of fungicide. Fracturing proppant is natural quartz sand. Fracturing liquid does not contain hazardous waste. 15 2.1.2.2 Gas production mode selection and process slate CBM wellhead is low pressure simple wellhead, nominal pressure of wellhead is 10MPa, full size is 65mm; since directional well pressure is the same as straight well, 7” thread wellhead of the same specification is applied. Straight well of normal water rate uses pumping unit for lifting, provided with model 3 and model 5 beam pumping units and 5.5kW and 15kW electromagnetic speed regulating motors. Φ73mm J55 oil pipes are used, tubular pump is 2-step pump, φ19mm single-step sucker is used. Supporting downhole tools mainly include: nylon centralizer or wire wrapped screen. Straight wells with excessive inclination and severe side wearing may use electric submersible pumps (ESPs). Directonal wells use tubular pupmp, screw pump and ESPs for drainage and production. Well with water generation within normal range use tubular pupmp and screw pump, tubular pupmps use Φ38-57mm 2-step pumps and Φ73mm J55 oil pipe, determine pumping unit model based on well depth and pump type, use Φ19mm single-step pumping rod, supporting tools mainly include: nylon centralizer or wire wrapped screen; screw pumps use GLB75-27 model, oil pipe usesΦ73mm J55 model, equipped with 11kw motor and converter, Φ25mm grade D pumping rods are recommended, supporting devices mainly include: tubing anchor to prevent oil tube tripping, driving device has anti-reverse function so that pump rods cannot reverse. Centralizers are installed near upper end of the sucker rod string, near lower end of the sucker rod string, i.e., near rotor and mid-lower part. Directional well of more than 50m3 water generation use screw pump or ESPs. ESPs use MQD25-550 and MQD25-800 depending on changes in head, equipped with Φ73mm J55 oil tube, 11kW motor and converter, supporting devices mainly include: motor protector and relevant ground control part. 16 In summary, Zhengzhuang block Bijing area CBM development straight well drainage and production may use model 5 pumping unit, Ф38mm pump, CBM well with deep bury area may consider using Ф44mm pumps; directional well drainage and production device is preferably screw pump. 2.1.2.3 Fluid properties According to Zhengzhuang block Shanxi formation 3# coal bed adsorbed gas analysis, CBM componenta are mainly methane, with 94.85～98.75% concentration, average of 97.47%; except a handful of wells, methane constituents are not included. It contains a small amount of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, with 1.37% and 1.21% concentration respectively, being quality CBM. According to 15# coal bed adsorbed gas components analysis of 10 wells including Zheng Test 14, CBM components are mainly methane, with 89.8～ 98.16%, average of 95.73%; except a handful of wells, methane constituents are not included. It contains a small amount of nitrogen and carbon dioxide, with 2.17% and 2.12% concentration respectively, as shown in Table 2.1-7. Table 2.1-7 Libi wellblock cooperation block 3# and 15# coal bed CBM constituents data table Well No. Bed location CBM components（%） Methane Ethane above Nitrogen CO2 Zheng Test 96.87 1.37 1.75 64 Zheng Test 97.67 0.99 1.33 65 Zheng Test # 3 coal 98.72 0.61 1.58 66 Zheng Test 97.42 1.23 1.35 67 Zheng Test 97.44 1.47 1.09 68 17 Zheng Test 96.63 1.42 1.94 70 Zheng Test 97.39 0.88 1.73 71 Zheng Test 97.58 0.77 1.66 72 Zheng Test 98.36 0.89 0.75 73 Zheng Test 98.01 1.00 0.99 74 Zheng Test 95.63 2.98 1.38 76 Zheng Test 98.75 0.75 0.50 77 Zheng Test 98.44 0.78 0.79 78 Zheng Test 94.85 0.02 4.18 0.96 79 Zheng Test 97.75 1.20 1.04 81 Zheng Test 98.07 1.39 0.55 82 Average 97.47 0.02 1.37 1.21 Zheng Test 92.69 3.08 4.23 14 Zheng Test 89.76 5.84 4.78 15 Zheng Test 98.16 0.36 1.48 19 # 15 coal Zheng Test 93.67 5.6 0.73 73 Zheng Test 96.02 1.7 2.28 74 Zheng Test 96.43 1.43 2.14 76 18 Zheng Test 97.93 0.45 1.63 77 Zheng Test 96.87 1.33 1.8 79 Zheng Test 98.12 0.72 1.16 80 Zheng Test 97.62 1.15 1.24 81 Average 95.73 2.17 2.15 3＃ coal bed water analysis information is given in Table 2.1-8, analysis data show the area coal bed closure is good. Table 2.1-8 Coal bed water nature data table Cation (mg/l) Anion (mg/l) Total mineralization Well No. Coal bed Water type K++Na+ Mg2+ Ca2+ HCO3- SO42- Cl- CO32- (mg/l) Zheng Test 30 707.18 3.85 6.19 1519.47 4.20 78.15 21.76 2344.32 NaHCO3 Zheng Test 32 450.39 4.22 7.36 798.39 2.54 166.2 0.45 1432.68 NaHCO3 Zheng Test 37 641.46 5.47 6.41 1221.78 1.35 167.05 26.29 2073.90 NaHCO3 Zheng Test 41 565.82 3.54 5.13 1163.57 1.17 102.95 25.04 1876.04 NaHCO3 3# Zheng Test 45 649.5 6.26 5.46 1199.4 33.86 93.91 66.6 2059.08 NaHCO3 Zheng Test 46 210.83 0.00 2.42 1286.56 5.18 437.66 55.54 1999.77 NaHCO3 Zheng Test 49 483.64 2.18 4.39 1063.40 1.14 54.29 8.66 1621.15 NaHCO3 Zheng Test 59 1153.49 11.78 2.45 1178.72 0.00 402.86 31.59 2786.01 NaHCO3 607.79 4.66 4.98 1178.91 6.18 187.86 29.49 2024.12 NaHCO3 According to 3# CBM early trial production information, 3# coal bed maximum daily water generation is generally about 40 m3/d (except a handful 19 of wells), daily water generation is between 1.0～3.5 m3/d during stability period. During 3# and 15# coal bed joint trial test, daily water generation is between 1.7～10.3 m3/d during short stability period. The bed trial production involved a short time period, and average daily water generation is about 7 m3/d. 2.1.3 Wellsite layout With attended wellsite, the site is simply treated. There are 91 wellsites with a total area of 196275 m2，split into single-well wellsites, 2-well wellsites, 3-well wellsites, 4-well wellsites, 5-well wellsites, 6-well wellsites and 7-well wellsites. Wellsite plot area and number are show in Table 2.1-9. Table 2.1-9 Wellsite statistics Single-well Wellsite type Number wellsite size Single-well wellsite area (m2) Wellsite total area (m2) (m×m) Single-well wellsite 16 35×40 1400 22400 2-well wellsite 8 35×45 1575 12600 3-well wellsite 15 40×50 2000 30000 4-well wellsite 23 40×55 2200 50600 5-well wellsite 21 45×60 2700 56700 6-well wellsite 7 45×65 2925 20475 7-well wellsite 1 50×70 3500 3500 Total 91 - - 196275 For wellsite layout, there are pumping units and gas production tree area, measuring area, evaporation basin, single-well wellsite layout is given in Figure 2.1-2, 2-well wellsite layout is given in Figure 2.1-3, 3-well wellsite layout is given in Figure 2.1-4, 4-well wellsite layout is given in Figure 2.1-5, 5-well wellsite layout is given in Figure 2.1-6, 6-well wellsite layout is given in Figure 20 2.1-7 and 7-well wellsite layout is given in Figure 2.1-8. Cooperation area well layout is shown in Figure 2.1-9. production tree area Pumping unit and gas Measured outbound area Evaporation pond Figure 2.1-2 Single-well wellsite layout production tree area Pumping unit and gas production tree area Pumping unit and gas Measured 5m outbound area Evaporation pond Figure 2.1-3 2-well wellsite layout 21 Pumping unit and gas Pumping unit and Pumping unit and Measured outbound Evaporation pond Figure 2.1-4 3-well wellsite layout Pumping unit and gas Pumping unit and gas Pumping unit and gas Pumping unit and gas Measured outbound Evaporation pond Figure 2.1-5 4-well wellsite layout 22 Evaporation pond outbound area Measured outbound area Evaporation Measured Figure 2.1-6 5-well wellsite layout Figure 2.1-7 6-well wellsite layout Pumping unit and gas 23 Pumping unit and gas production Pumping tree unit and gas production tree area production tree Pumping unit and gas Pumping unit and gas area production tree area tree production Pumping unit and gas Pumping unit and gas area production tree areatree production Pumping unit and gas area area Pumping unit Pumping gas and gas unit and production Pumping unittree and gas production tree production area tree area production tree area area Evaporation outbound area Measured pond Figure 2.1-8 7-well wellsite layout Pumping unit and gas production 24 Pumping unit and area treeproduction gas Pumping unit and tree gas area production Pumping unit and tree area gas production Pumping unit and area treeproduction gas Pumping unit and tree gas area production Pumping unit and gas area tree production tree area Figure 2.1-9 Cooperation area well layout 2.2 Gas-gathering station 2.2.1 Gas-gathering station layout New Zheng 5 gas-gathering station: The site coordinate is N35°42′54.468″，E112°16′42.8116″. Zheng 5 gas-gathering station connects 323 wells in 91 wellsites, as a tier-4 station. Main equipment size and quantity in the gas-gathering station are given in Table 2.2-1. Table 2.2-1 Main equipment size and quantity statistics in the gas-gathering station Item Zheng-5 station Separator PN12 DN1600 4 500kW / Compressor set 1000kW 1 1600kW 2 Secodary separator PN19 DN700 1 Pig receiver PN19 DN350 / DN350 1 Pig launcher PN19 DN450 / Sewage tank （30m3） 1 Main buildings and structures in Zheng 5 gas-gathering station are given in Table 2.2-2. 25 Table 2.2-2 List of main buildings and structures Order Buildings and structures Floorage (m2) Quantity Structure 1 Office, rest room, tool room and kitchen 166 1 Brick-compound 2 Compressor shed 1176 1 Gabled frame 3 Equipment foundation Concrete 4 10KV HV switch room 310.82 1 Framework Total 1652.82 2.2.2 Gas-gathering station flow process 2.2.2.1 Technology process CBM enters the gas-gathering station via the gas mains, after gas-liquid separation in the separator, it enters skid-mounted compressor set for boosting and compression, based on location of gas-gathering stations in the grid, boosted CBM pressures is 1.65MPa, after being cooled to 50℃ in the air cooler, goes through secondary gas-liquid separation, measured outbound transmission. The station gas-gathering process sketch is given in Figure 2.2-1. Incoming gas of gas mains→separator(filter and separation)→compressor(boosting)→secondary separation filter and separation)→measured outbound transmission Figure 2.2-1 Station gas-gathering process sketch To prevent station accident, pneumatic shut-off valve before outbound transmission, so that once station accident is detected, operator may switch off the station through the pneumatic shut-off valve. 2.2.2.2 Venting process Venting parts of the gas-gathering station respectively enter the venting mains located on the windward side with the yearly minimum frequency wind 26 direction, no less than 90m of the tier-4 station, no less than 40m of the tier-5 station. The venting system comprises of incoming gas venting, separator venting, compressor venting, secondary separator venting, pig receiver and launcher venting, outbound transmission venting, etc. venting process sketch is given in Figure 2.2-2. Process equipment Pitted area Venting mains Venting torch Outbound transmission Figure 2.2-2 Venting process sketch 2.2.2.3 Sewage flow Sewage parts parts of the gas-gathering station respectively connect the sewage mains and finally enter the sewage tank, sewage tanker haul the sewage to the water treatment station for handling. The sewage system comprises of separator sewage, compressor sewage, secondary separator sewage, etc. the sewage flow sketch is shown in Figure 2.2-3. Process equipment Sewage mains Sewage tank Sewage tanker Sewage treatment Figure 2.2-3 Sewage flow sketch 2.2.3 Gas-gathering station plane layout Zheng 5 gas-gathering station is a tier-4 station, with a plot area of 6213m2 （about 9.32 mu）, more than 500m of the nearest residents. Station general layout is divided into two areas by production nature and function: Production area and auxiliary production area. The production area mainly includes pitted area, separator area, boosting area, secondary separator area, measured outbound transmission area and pigging area; the auxiliary production area 27 mainly includes office, tool room, LV distribution room, store, cathodic protection room, air compressor room and fire pump room, etc. The venting area includes 1 venting pipe, which is located on the windward side with the yearly minimum frequency wind direction, no less than 90m of the tier-4 station. Zheng 5 gas-gathering station layout is given in Figure 2.2-4. Figure 2.2-4 Zheng 5 gas-gathering station layout 2.3 Gas gathering grid 2.3.1 Gas-gathering process 2.3.1.1 LP non alcohol injection gas-gathering process With LP gas-gathering process, CBM wellhead 0.15-0.3MPa pressure energy is fully utilized without adding heat or injecting hydrate inhibitor during gas production, the gas production pipeline is buried under the maximum permafrost (to prevent frozen block). 2.3.1.2 Gas-liquid mixed transmission proces Qinshui Basin CBM is fairly clean without containing corrosive substances such as H2S, only containing solid impurities such as a trace amount of CO2 and a small amount of pulverized coal. Using the attribute, no separator is provided at the wellhead, CBM, saturated water and a small amount of solid impurities directly enter the pipeline for transmission. To avoid the gas pipeline saturation and water coverted into free water and thus increasing transmission 28 energy consumption in undulating mountains, condensation water tanks or drain valves of various specifications can be provided at the lowest point of each gas pipeline by terrain conditions and gas pipeline transmission capacity, and such condensation water tanks or drain valves should be buried under the maximum permafrost to reduce pipeline pressure loss and improve pipeline efficiency. 2.3.1.3 Valve block and simultaneous coupling combination process Gas pipeline uses the single-well mode of well connection + valve block into station combination, adjacent wells are connected to the valve block (jointly built with the wellsite) nearby and connected to the station through gas mains. 2.3.1.4 Single-well measuring process Since CBM field single wells apply the single-well mode of well connection + valve block into station combination, CBM of more than 1 well is pooled before entering the gas-gathering station, it is impossible to measure a single well at the station, therefore measuring must be performed at the wellhead. Vortex precision flowmeter is recommended for single-well measurement with liquid. 2.3.1.5 “Twice and 2-place” pressurization process Borrowing Fanzhuang and Zhengzhuang block construction experience, giving uniform consideration of CBM upstream, midstream and downstream development, reduce grid investment, apply gas-gathering station to disperse pressurization and central processing works in secondary pressurilization process, specific pressurization process rusn as follows: 1． Pressure of moisture entering the gas-gathering station through the gas mains is 0.08-0.15MPa, after pooling in the pitted mains at the gas-gathering station, through normal temperature separation and 29 pressurization (to 1.65MPa), filter and separation and measurement, it is handled in the central treatment works. 2． Pressure of CBM entering the central treatmemt is no less than 1.0MPa, through filter and separation, measurement and pressurization (up to 5.7mPa), dehydration, trade measurement and then transmitted to Qinshui pressurization station of the West-East Gas Pipeline and then enterthe West-East Gas Pipeline. 2.3.2 Pressure system flow Pressure system process is given in Figure 2.3-1. Central Outbou treatment works nd Gas （pressurization transm Gas Gas tansmission pipeline tansmissio & dehydration） ission wellsite pipeline （separation of n pipeline incoming：1.0MPa pipeli （Valve block and pressurization） outgoing：5.7MPa ne simultaneous Enter station：0.08MPa Quit station：1.65MPa West-East Gas Pipeline Enter station：5.0MPa Quit station：10.0MPa Figure 2.3-1 Zhengzhuang block CBM transmission flow and pressure system framework. 2.3.3 Gas–gathering grid Zheng 5-Zheng 4 gas-gathering branch was built by PetroChina, which starts from Zheng 5 gas-gathering station, laid in straightline SE direction, traverses Mengcaipo, Mengnei and Donglingshang, arrives at Zheng 4 station, 30 pipeline design length is 8.83 km. the branch gas-gathering pipeline main construction quantities are given in Table 2.3-1. Table 2.3-1 Zhengzhuang block gas-gathering pipeline main bills of quantities Gas-gathering pipeline Pipeline size and length Pipeline material Zheng 5 ～ Zheng 4 Straight seam resistance φ355.6×6.3×8.83 km gas-gathering branch welding pipe 2.3.4 Gas pipeline Gas pipeline of less than DN250 in diameter is recommended, PE100 SDR11 series pipes are applied, gas pipeline of DN250 in diameter uses straight seam resistance welding pipe. 2.3.5 Pipeline laying Since the project outbound transmission pipelilne is on the Loess Plateau, forestland and some farmland, direct buying is applied under the maximum permafrost. 2.3.6 Pipeline crossing 20# seamless steel pipe is recommended for the gas pipeline crossing section, with no pipeline crossing. 2.3.7 Gas-gathering main quantities statistics The project gas-gathering works main quantities are given in Table 2.3-2. 31 Table 2.3-2 Main bills of quantities for central gathering part Order Item Unit/size Quantity Remark 1 Wellsite No. 91 2 New gas-gathering station 1 Zheng 5 station, tier-4 station gas-gathering station 3 1 expansion 4 Gas pipeline km 80 4.1 de63 km 20.5 PE pipe 4.2 de90 km 8.45 PE pipe 4.3 de110 km 8.14 PE pipe 4.4 de160 km 7.10 PE pipe 4.5 de180 km 8.16 PE pipe 4.6 de200 km 12.01 PE pipe 4.7 de250 km 6.12 PE pipe 4.8 φ273.1 km 9.52 Straight seam resistance welding steel pipe 5 Crossing m 0 No crossing 2.4 Measuring pigging station The project has no measuring pigging staton. Main equipment in the gas-gathering station includes filter separator, secondary separator, compressor unit, sewage tank, pig receiver and launcher, the pig receiving and launching devices in the station are used to clean the pipeline, sewage enters the sewage tank, gas treated by Zheng 5 station is transmitted outbound to Zheng 4 station. 32 2.5 Production command center The project has no production command center, but the one by PetroChina will be relied on for unified management. 2.6 Road works 2.6.1 Regional road conditions The area skeleton traffic network mainly consists of S331 and local ashalt road, facilitates the regional traffic. 2.6.2 Line selection principles, road slate In principle, the pipeline combines treatment plant and gasfield production and development needs, fully utilizes existing village roads to accompany them with the pipeline direction under the condition of meeting road technical index and economic index, reasonable wiring and optimal design based on relevant topography, topographic features, engineering geological and hydrological characteristics. Zheng-5 gas-gathering station pitted road: Starting point links near S331 trench, termination is located in Zheng-5 gas-gathering station, with a total length of 4.141 km, Libi village existing road is used, without excavation, only pavement hardending is done, the method is 18cm concrete + cement stabilized macadam + natural gravel. The access road total length is 70954m with a plot area of 397652m2, occupying farmland and non farmland, including 89544m2 temporary occupation and 308108m2 permanent occupation. Post-construction retained access road length is 70954m with a plot area of 308108m2，occupying farmland and non farmland, including 37077m2 farmland and 271031m2 non farmland. The access road will be retained as permanent road, hardnening will 33 adopt compaction based on pavement use requirements and local natural environment, climate and geological conditions, compaction coefficient is no less than 0.95. Access road construction mainly involves subgrade leveling in the river valley area without major excavation; digging for filling in debris low mountains. Topsoil stripping is performed before construction, stripping thickness is 10-20cm, piled on the sides of the road construction site for later vegetations greening. 2.6.3 Road design 2.6.3.1 Subgrade, pavement and drainage 1. Subgrade cross-section layout Subgrade cross section layout: 0.5m（soil shoulder） + 3.5m (carriageway) + 0.5m（soil shoulder）; road hump cross slope Camber is straight herringbone , lane transverse slope is 2% ， soil shoulder transverse slope is 3%. Superelevation: new road rotates around lane inner side edge to attain superelevation. Exterior lane is rotated around road midline, when single-way transverse slope with inner lane is reached, the overall section rotates around the lane inner side edge until the superelevation transverse slope value is reached. Passing bay: Passing bay is provided for the road with a spacing of no more than 300m, the bay should be visible around, its subgrade width is 6.5m, length is 20m, with 10m transition section provided each at the front and back. 2 Subgrade design ⑴Subgrade design elevation Subgrade edge elevation. 34 ⑵Subgrade slope Embankment: 0～8m, gradient: 1：1.5 Cutting: Slope is two-step, the first step is 0.5m wide, 8m high, gradient of 1:0.3; the second step is 1.5m wide, 8m high, gradient of 1:0.5. ⑶Subgrade compaction criteria and compaction requirements The line area is mainly silty clay of loose structure and low bearing capacity, hence compaction treatment for subgrade soil, compaction coefficient is not less than 0.95. ⑷Pavement design Pavement design applies standard axle Bzz-100, decided on road grade and pavement use requirements, local natural environment, climate and geological conditions, 18cm concrete + cement stabilized macadam + natural gravel is adopted, design service cycle is 20 years. ⑸Subgrade and pavement drain system For excavation sections with slope more than or equal to 3%, concrete strengthening is applied for roadside ditches, their longitudinal slope is consistent with line longitudinal slope. Gutter water flows to low-lying areas via the drainage ditch, and the concrete gutter extends outbound at the lay-lying area to lead water outside the subgrade. 2.6.3.2 Traffic works and facilities along the line To ensure safe and convenient running, necessary road traffic facilities are designed throughout the line, warning signs, signposts and security facilties are provided in sections of limited sight range or dangerous sections. 35 2.6.3.3 Road construction materials Road construction materials are mainly local materials except cement and reinforcement. 2.6.3.4 Excavation backfill earthwork The project earth excavation and backfilling are given in Table 2.6-1. Table 2.6-1 The project earth quantities Excavation Rejected Backfill Earth used Rejection Item amount 3 amount 3 (10,000m ) (10,000m ) whereabouts (10,000m3) (10,000m3) level appropriate Access ground nearby on 20.74 21.36 0.08 +0.7 the access road by road section Wellsite 4.08 3.38 0 -0.7 Pitted 0 0 0 0 road 2.7 Water supply and drainage works 2.7.1 Water supply 2.7.1.1 Gas-gathering staton water supply Gas-gathering station water consumed is mainly domestic water, production water (primarily equipment flushing and cleaning water), green pouring and fire water, etc. Table 2.7-1 Gas-gathering station water consumed Order Zheng 5 Water type Remark station 1 Domestic water (m3/d) 0.40 Water quota 80L/perpson·d 2 Production water (m3/d) 0.30 36 3 Unforeseen water (m3/d) 0.07 （1+2）x10％ Fire replenishing consumption Fire consumption once 324m3 ， 96h 4 81 (m3/d) replenishment 5 Normal daily consumption 0.77 1+2+3 Maximum daily consumption 6 81.77 1+2+3+4+5 (m3/d) 2.7.1.2 Water source and quality New gas-gathering station has no reliable waer supply system nearby, so staton domestic water is supplied by water tanker. Fire water source is water supply well to be built nearby. 2.7.1.3 Water supply method Domestic water points in the gas-gathering station are mainly kitchen and wall-mounted boiler. Station water supply is from high-elevation water tank of 1.0m3 capacity. Water runoff is directly supplied to the tank, its outgoing pipe has two branches, one to the wall-mounted boiler and other to the kitch. Due to insufficient water pressure, small automatic home booster （20-30m） is provided n front of the water consumption device, the high-level tank water runoff is manually controlled, the water well submersible pump is manually started up to replenish the high-level tank. Water supply flow chart is given in Figure 2.7-1. Water tanker High-leve kitchen l tank hauls water Booster Wall-mounted boiler Figure 2.7-1 Gas-gathering station water supply flow chart For drinking water, an electric water boiler can be provided in the kitchen or fountain can be used. 37 2.7.1.4 Tubing Water supply: PE pipe is used outdoors, while PP-R pipe is used for cold water indoors. Hot water: PP-R pipe is used for hot water. 2.7.1.5 Water supply main quantities A gas-gathering station water supply main quantities are given in Table 2.7-2. Table 2.7-2 Station water supply main quantities Order Description Unit Quantity Remark 1 Stainless steel water tank V=1.0m3 1 2 UV disinfection equipment Set 1 VGUV-03 Q=0.68 m3/h N=15w 3 Kitchen single-vessel sink Set 1 4 Undercounter washbasin Set 1 5 Sewage sink with back Set 1 6 Automatic home booster 1 Q=0.6m3/h H=10m N=90W 15G0.6-10-0.09 7 Quick coupling (with blank cap) KY-50 1 DN50 8 PP-R pipe for cold water de63~20 m 200 2.7.2 Drainage 2.7.2.1 Drainage rate and quality Gas-gathering station drainage is mainly attendants’ domestic sewage and a small amount of production wastewater. Production wastewater is mainly oily sewage generated from production facilities and sanitary cleanup, stored in the sewage tank and hauled for central treatment; domestic sewage mainly comes from washing, heating facilities and sanitary cleanup and drains into the evaporation basin. 38 Due to small area of gas-gathering station and small amount of annual precipitation in Zhengzhuang area, rainwater drainage is not provided, instead vertical discharge on the site is adopted. Gas-gathering station drainage statistics table is given in Table 2.7-3. Table 2.7-3 Gas-gathering station drainage statistics table Capacity Sewage Order Drainage type Sewage source Drainage rule 3 Remark （m /d/station） quality Contains 90% of Kitchen and toilet Short-term 1 Sewage 0.36 BOD, SS, total drainage focus etc drainage Washing device With 90% of Industrial Short-term 2 and heating boiler 0.27 mechanical total wastewater focus drainage impurities drainage Containing Miscellaneous Short-term a small 3 Road watering water fragmentation amount of sediment 2.7.2.2 wellsite produced water classification and treatment method The project gasfield produced water is mainly high mineralized and high saline CBM produced water, produced water monitoring result shows its indexes all comply with Level 1 criteria of the “Sewage discharge standards” （GB8978-1996）, and the project wellsite produced water is treated by using ground evaporated basin. (Water monitoring result refers to JIngcheng Environmental Protection Monitoring Station testing result of Gas Exploration Co’s 2 gasfields produced water, JSHHJSH [2006] No.140). evaporation basin design specifications are shown in Table 7.2-4. 39 Table 2.7-4 evaporation basin design specifications Evaporation Single-wel produced Evaporation basin Evaporation Order Wellsite type basin water（m3/d） size （m） quantity material Horizontal 1 2 6×3×2 140 Clay well 2 Straight well 2 3×3×2 137 Clay 2.7.2.3 Tubing Indoor drainage pipe is rigid PVC drainage pipe, outdoor drainage pipe is PVC-U double-wall corrugatged pipe (S2 grade). 2.7.2.4 Drainage main quantities Single gas-gathering station drainage main quantities are given in Table 2.7-5. Table 2.7-5 Single gas-gathering station drainage main quantities Order Description Specifications Unit Quantity 1 Evaporation pond 2000×2000×1500mm 1 2 Round brick drainage manhole Diameter 1000 4 3 Building drainage wellsiteid PVC pipe de110 m 200 4 UPVC double-wall corrugated pipe de200 m 200 2.7.3 Gasfield water treatment 2.7.3.1 Water quality Gasfield produced water is mainly high mineralized and high saline CBM produced water,Zhengzhuang block 3# coal bed water test shows K++Na+ average in cation is 1797.8mg/l，Ca2+、Mg2+ ion average content is 5.6 mg/l、 26.3mg/l respectively; Cl- ion content in anion is high, average of 2126.1mg/l； followed by HCO2- ion content, average of 1200mg/l；SO42- ion content is the 40 lowest, average of 4.375mg/l. water mineralization is between 2908.6 ～ 8002.1mg/l, average of 5169.8mg/l，water type is NaHCO3， all quality indexes are given in Table 2.7-6. Table 2.7-6 Zhengzhuang block 3# coal bed water analysis statistics. Well No. Cation (mg/l) Anion (mg/l) Total minralization Water type + + 2+ 2+ K +Na Mg Ca Cl- SO42- HCO 2- CO32- (mg/l) Jin test 5 2996.3 9.2 44.1 4406.4 9.1 537 0 8002.1 NaHCO2 Jin test 6 2438.5 6.9 30.7 3445 2.4 632.8 17.1 6573.4 NaHCO3 Jin test 7 1678.2 3.8 21.8 1530.3 8.2 1919.7 0 5170.7 NaHCO3 Jin test 8 1835.5 4.7 25.3 2050.8 1.9 1387.6 25.8 5331.6 NaHCO3 Jin test 9 938 1.9 5.6 728.1 5.3 1203.9 25.8 2908.6 NaHCO3 Jin test 11 1559.2 4.7 25.3 1912.5 1.9 944.6 0 4448.2 NaHCO3 Jin test 12 1020.3 5.8 15.6 682.1 4.3 1605.4 0 3333.5 NaHCO3 Jin test 13 1916.2 7.4 41.9 2253.6 1.9 1369.3 0 5590.3 NaHCO3 Average 1797.8 5.6 26.3 2126.1 4.375 1200 8.6 5169.8 NaHCO3 2.7.3.2Water capacity According to the yearly construction scale of the capacity development program, the project 3rd-year gasfield produced water will reach the maximum value 586.88 m3/d, 2nd and 4th year will reach 30.7 m3/d and 245.48 m3/d respectively. Waer generation is given in Table 2.7-8. Table 2.7-8 1-5-year development index produced water estimate Single-well daily water Daily water generation Year Production well No. generation （m3） （m3/d） 1 3.41 20 68.2 2 1.85 250 530.7 3 1.06 53 586.88 4 0.76 / 245.48 5 0.58 / 187.34 Water treatment station will be built in two phases. Phase 1 and Phase 2 construction size is both 300m3/d, final treatment capacity will reach 600m3/d when the two phases are completed. When water generation declines, starting 41 one unit man meet the requirement, the other unit can be used alternatively to ensure operational rationality of the water treatment system equipment. 2.7.3.3 Water treatment process Excessive substances in original water are all saline substances, water type is also NaHCO2 type inorganic salt water, so saline substances have to be removed and reduced by membrane process if standard is to be attained. Water treatment process flow chart is given in Figure 2.7-2. 42 Figure 2.7-2 Water treatment process flow chart 43 2.8 HVAC Gas-gathering station uses gas double-function wall-mounted boiler to provide heating and domestic hot water. The heating system is underfloor supply and return mechanical circulation same program hot waer heating ～60 system, water supply and return temperature is 80 ℃ ℃, heating are column flank diversion radiators (white plastic spraying on the radiator surface). Gas-gathering station heating floorage is 166m2，total heating load is 18.1kW, heating load in shown in Table 2.8-1. One DIVATOP F24 gas double-function wall-mounted boiler can meet the heating need. Table 2.8-1 Heating area and heating load list Order Item Heaitng area (m2) Heating load (kW) 1 Office 166 18.1 2.9 Power supply system 2.9.1 Power supply plan 2.9.1.1 Zheng 5 station Zhengzhuang estern 35kW substation leads 2-circuit 10kV line to provide power for Zheng 5 station, the power line is 13.8 km long, LGJ-120 wire is used. Zheng 5 station provides one HV switching house and one LV switching house. 2.9.1.2Wellsite Zhengzhuang estern 35kW substation leads 1-circuit 10kV line to provide power for the wellsite, LGJ-70 wire is used, power supply to the wellsite applies 10kV line + 0.4kV line combination method, the 10kV line leads to the pole-mounted transformer, the transformer leads to all wellsites through the 44 0.4kV overhead line. 10kV power line is 60 km long and the 0.4kV power line is 20 km long. The project power line is implemented by the local power department. 2.9.2 Power supply main quantities Power supply main quantities are given in Table 2.9-1. Table 2.9-1 Power supply main quantities Station Item Wire diameter/capacity Quantity ZR-YJV22-10kV-3×70 150m ZR-YJV22-10kV-3×50 150m Power cable ZR-YJV22-1kV-4×50 150m Zheng 4 ZR-YJV22-1kV-4×35 150m station Galvanized flat iron -40×4 300m HV indoor cable terminal 7622PST-G1 4 10kV outgoing cabinet 2 10kV line LGJ-120 13.8 km 10kV outgoing cabinet 4 10kVPT cabinet 1 1-for-3 soft start cabinet 1600kW 1 set YJV22-10kV-3×185 200m ZR-YJV22-10kV-3×120 260m Power cable Zheng 5 ZR-YJV22-10kV-3×70 150m station ZR-YJV22-1kV-4×4-4×120 3000m 7622PST-G1 2个 HV indoor cable terminal 7622PST-G2 4个 7624PST-G1 4个 Galvanized flat iron -40×4 1300m Galvanized flat steel L50×5 l=2500mm 35 根 Wellsite 10kV line LGJ-70 60 km 45 Station Item Wire diameter/capacity Quantity 0.4kV line LGJ-35 20 km 80kVA 4台 变 Pole-mounted transformer 63kVA 30 台 50kVA 10 台 VV22-1kV-4x4 1.0 km Power cable VV22-1kV-4x16 4.5 km Galvanized flat iron -40×4 1500m Galvanized angle steel L50×5 l=2500mm 300 根 2.10 Main quantities and key techno-economic indexes Mian quantities are given in Table 2.10-1 and techno-economic indexes are given in Table 2.10-2. Table 2.10-1 List of main quantities Order Item Size Unit Quantity Remark I Main works 323 wells，including 1 Wellsite device / Set 91 307 effective wells 2 Gas-gathering station / 1 New Zheng 5 3 Measuring pigigng / 0 station 4 Gas-gathering branch Φ355.6 km 8.83 Built by PetroChina 5 Gas pipeline Φ63～Φ273.1 km 80 II Auxiliary works 7 Gasfield water treatment / 1 station 8 Disribution line 8.1 10kV transmission line / km 73.8 As permanent line 8.2 0.4kV LV line / km 20 As permanent line 9 Porduction command / 0 center 10 Pitted road / km 4.141 11 Access road / km 70.954 46 Table 2.10-2 List of techno-economic indexes Order Item Unit Quantity Remark I Gasfield construction 108 m3/a 2.1318 size II Product 1 CBM 108 m3/a 2.1318 III Consumption index 1 Water t/a 281.05 8 2 Electricity 10 kW·h/a 0.33 4 3 3 Fuel gas 10 m /a 4.86 IV Key materials 1 Steel t 577 2 Flexible composite pipe km 135 V Energy 1 Total energy 104MJ/a 12055.12 0.412×104 Tce consumption Unit comprehenisve 2 104MJ/a 4623.08 0.158×104 Tce energy consumption VI Waste discharge 1 Wastewater m3/a 230 VII Personnel quota Person 35 Total quota VIII Plot area 1 Total plot area km2 50 75000 mu 2 2 Statin plot area m 6213 About 9.32 mu IX Floorage 1 General floor area m2 1652.82 Total project X RMB10,000 21405.01 investment 47 48 3 Present Environmental Status The Libi cooperation block differs from Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Demonstration Project (2.5×108 Nm3/a Zhengzhuang CBM Development Project) in geographic location, differences in environmental status caused thereof are given in Figure 2.0-2. 3.1 Project geographic location Qinshui county is located in southeast of Shanxi Province, northwest of Jincheng, northeast of the Zhongtiao Mountain, and midstream of the Qinhe River, a tributary of the Yellow River. It is at the convergence of Taihang, Taiyue and Zhongtiao mountains, facing Jicheng county in the west, linking Gaoping city and Zezhou county in the east, bordering Fushan, Anze and Changzi counties in the north and connecting Hengqu and Yangcheng cunties in the south. Geographic coordinates are latitude 35°24′～36°04′ north and longitude 115°55′～112°47′ east. The Qinshui county border is surrounded by mountains, reaching Laoma Mountain and Yueshen Mountain to border Gaoping and Jincheng cities in the east; reaching Dongwu Mountain to link Jicheng county in the west; reaching Xianweng Mountain and Shunwangping to border Hengqu and Yangcheng cunties in the south; reaching Xiangshan Mountain, Guandi Mountain and Yujun Mountain to border Fushan, Anze and Changzi counties in the north. The county is about 150 km long from east to west, 55 km wide from south to north, with a total area of 2,655 km2. The cooperation area is located in Libi wellblock, west of Zhengzhuang block of PetroChina registered area in Qinshui county and Yangcheng county of Jincheng, Shanxi Province. Its geographic coordinates are longitude 112°14′58″～112°19′25″ east, latitude 35°41′19″～35°45′18″ north，starting 1 from the west border of Zhengzhuan block in the west, ending with Lanyan mining area border in the east, 6.73 km long from east to west, 7.43 km long from south to north, with an area of 50 km2 ， easy-flow traffic, and the West-East Gas Pipeline crosses the construction area. Qinshui penetrates the cooperation area in the east-west direction. Regional villages main include Libi, Mayi and Zhangzhuang, etc. The project cooperation area geographic location map is given in Figure 3.1-1. 2 3 3.2 Geomorphological type Qinshui county is located in Qinshui Basin west of the Taihang Mountains, of mountain landform, valley cutting, bedrock outcrops, fragmented surface, undulating terrain, complicatd landform, relative height difference is 423 m, the highest EL1,180 m and lowest EL757 m. The project is located in Qinshui Basin west of the Taihang Mountains, mountain foothills, valley cutting, bedrock outcrops. Landforms are fairly complicated, relative height difference is 600m, EL700 ～ 1,300m. it is surrounded by mountains, primarily Lishan, Laodiaoya and Lutaishan peaks. Geomorphology on the way of the line mainly consists of mid-low mountain area hill top area, sloping beam top area, slope area and gully area. Overburdens on the way are fairly thin, with general outcrops of Triassic sandstone (mixed with mudstone), undulating terrain and complicated engineering geological conditions. 3.3 Geological structure Qinshui Basin is located in mid-south of Shanxi Province, confined by uplifts: Taihang Mountains uplift in the east, Luliang Mountains uplift in the west, Wutai Mountains in the north and Zhongtiao Mountains in the south. The basin area is about 36,000 km2. Stratum outcrops of surrounding uplifts are Lower Proterozoic-Lower Paleozoic, inward outcrops are Permo-Carboniferous and Triassic, the middle area is locally scattered with Jurassic, marked by typical synclical basin. It belongs to stereotype double basin formed since Mesozoic period. Zhengzhuang block is located in the south end of Qinshui sinclinorium basin, overall structural form is a horseshoe slope, east, west and south directions are uplifts, and Zhengzhuang block is located on the axis of 4 horseshoe slope. The southeast wing of the area features gentle stratum, compared with the steep west wing, faults are relatively undeveloped,structurally relatively simple area. The southeast part of Zhengzhuang is an arcuate fault zone consisting of EW～NE normal faults – Sitou-Houchengyao fault zone. The north collects hinterland of Qinshui Basin. Stratum in the area is wide and gentle, stratum dip angle is generally 2～7°， average is around 4°. Gentle and paralle folds generally develop, approximately SN and NNE directions, with very small fold size and magnitude, anticline amplitude is generally less than 50 m, extension length is 5～10 Km, being typical long axis linear folds. Zhengzhuang block coal measures develop on Paleozoic Ordovician Medium System Fengfeng formation (O2f), developing from old to new nto Paleozoic Carboniferous Bengxi Formation (C2b), Upper Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation (C3t), Lower Permian System Shanxi Formation (P1s), Lower Permian System Lower Shihezi Formation (P1x), Upper Permian System Upper Shihezi Formation (P2s), Upper Permian System Shiqianfeng Formation (P2sh), Mesozoic Triassic (T) and Neogene System (Q), as shown in the figure below Qinshui Basin south comprehensive geological histogram (Figure 3.3-1). Main coal-bearing strata are Permian Shanxi Formation and Carboniferous Taiyuan Formation, extensively distributed in the area with complete storage. 5 6 Figure 3.3-1 Qinshui Basin south comprehensive geological histogram According to the regional stratum information, strata are described as follows: 1.（O）Lower Paleozoic Ordovician System （O） Total stratum thickness is 380～660 m, divided into upper, middle and lower systems (1) Lower System: Yeli Formation （O1y） and Liangjiashan Formation （O1l） Liangjiashan Formation missing; Yeli Formation is mainly mid-thick dolomite mixed with thin argillaceous dolomite, mixed with bamboo dolomite on the bottom, mixed with calcium and dolomilic shale on the upper. (2) Medium System: Lower Majiagou Formation, Upper Majiagou Formation （O2s） and Fengfeng （O2f） Formation. Lower Majiagou Formation lithologies are divided into three parts: lower bottom is largely quartz sandstone and sand and gravel, in paralle, unconformity contact with Lower System, the upper is dolomite, argillaceous rock, locally bearing gypsum. The middle section is largely limestone and dolomilic shale, the upper section is largely limestone mixed with leopard-like limestone, thin argillaceous limestone, argillaceous dolomite and dolomilic argillaceous limestone. Upper Majiagou Formation lithologies are more obviously divided into three parts: the lower section is argillaceous limestone, locally bearing gypsum; the middle section is leopard-like limestone; the lower section is limestone mixed with thin argillaceous limestone. Fengfeng Formation is basement of coal with two rock section, the lower section is large-set argillaceous limestone, bearing gypsum stratum; the upper section is generally thick limestone of pure quality. 7 (3) Upper System stratum missing Ordovician System and Lower Cambrain System are integrated into contact. 2.（C）Upper Paleozoic Carboniferous System （C） (1) Lower System missing (2)（C2b）Carboniferous Medium System Bengxi Formation 30 ～ 40 m thick, in paralle not integrated onto Ordovician Fengfeng Formation. Light gray-gray aluminum mudrock. With oolitic structure, the bottom is “Shanxi-style iron ore”, belonging to lagoon～tidal flat deposits. (3)（C3t）Carboniferous Upper Taiyuan Formation （C3t） 117～173 m thick, as a set ofparalic deposits, it forms a a complex depositional system of epicontinental carbonate platform facies deposition and fort island deposition. The stratum thickness is 90～110 m, generally around 95 m. It mainly consists ofdark gray-gray limestone, mudstone, sandy mudstone, silty sandstone, gray or white-gray sandstone and coal bed. It has 7～16 beds of coal, with developed lower coal bed. It has 3～11 beds of limestone, K2, K3 and K5 beds of limestone is fairly stable with all types of beddings. Mudrock and silty sandstone are rich in pyrite and siderite nodules. Animal and plant fossils are very abundant. According to lithology and fosil combination and area comparison, the formation is divided from bottom to top Section 1, 2 and 3. Details are as follows: ①Section 1 (K1 bottom-K2 bottom) 17～31 m thick, generally 25 m. It consists of gray and black mudstone, dark gray silty sandstone, gray or white fine sandstone, cola bed and 1-2 beds of unstable limestone, with bottom integrated and contacted by K1 sandstone and underlying stratum. 8 The section has 3 coalbeds: 14～16 from top to bottom. 15# coalbed is in steady distribution throughout, being one of the key target beds of CBM. The section is deposition of barrier beach, lagoon, tidal flats and marshes. ②Section 2 （K2 bottom-K4 top） 25～36m thick, generally 30 m. It mainly consists of limestone, mudstone, silty sandstone, fine-medium sandstone and coalbed, characterized by reverse particle sequence of dark color, fine and mainly limestone. The section has 3 coalbeds: 11#～13# coalbeds, thin and unstable. The section has 3 cycles, mainly consisting of submerged delta and gulf subtidal deposition. Each coalbed is on each cycle top with stable horizon. ③Section 3 （K4 top-K7 sandstone bottom） 40～59m thick, generally 50 m, consisting of sandstone, silty sandstone, mudstone, limestone and coalbed. The section has 7 coalbeds: 5 ＃～ 10 ＃ coalbeds, 9# coalbed is locally exploitable coalbed and the other are largely thin and unstable. The section is carbonate platform-coastal delta interaction deposition. 3. Upper Paleozoic Permian System （P） (1) Lower System Shanxi Formation （P1s） 39～78.5 m thick, generally around 50 m, as delta deposition developing on the background of epicontinental deposition, it generally starts to transit to delta plain with delta estuary sand dam and tributary bay, consisting of sandstone, sandy mudstone and coalbed. The formation is largely sandstone developed and of bedding type, with abundant plant fossils and bottom integrated and contacted by K7 sandstone and underlying Taiyuan Formation. 9 The formation has 4 caolbeds, from top to bottom 1-4 beds. 3# coalbed is in steady distribution throughout, being the key target bed of CBM exploration. The formation constitutes a complete progressive delta cycle. (2) Lower System Lower Shihezi Formation （P1x） 60m-100 m thick, forming the bottom with gray-dark gray mudstone, sandy mudstone, gray quartz medium and fine sandstone, and with K8 sandstone integrated for contact with Shanxi Formation. (3) Upper System Upper Shihezi Formation （P2s） 270-570 m thick, consisting of miscellaneous mudstone and sandstone. The lower section mainly passes yellow and green and purple sandy mudstone and mudstone, mixed with green sandstone, with K10 sandstone at bottom in conformable contact with underlying Lower Shihezi Formation. For the medium section, gray or white-yellowish green medium-thick sandstones are interbedded with yellowish green and purple sandy mudstone and silty sandstone. The upper section consists of yellowish green and purple sandy mudstone and mudstone mixed with sandstone, the top sandy and argillaceous mudstone is mixed with chert bed or transects, serving as a good mark of divide of this formation and Shiqianfeng Formation. (4) Upper System Shiqianfeng Formation （P2sh） 0～210 m thick. The lower part consists of yellowish green medium coarse sandstone mixed with purple mudstone, with gravelly medium coarse sandstone（K14）at bottom in conformable contact with underlying Upper Shihezi Formation. The upper part consists of purple and brick red sandy mudstone and mudstone, and mudstone is mixed with gray and green sandstone thin bed or lens. 4. Mesozoic Traissic Systen（T） 10 (1) Lower Liujiagou Formation （T1l） 0-480 m thick. Key lithologies are brick red and purple fine-medium danstone and silty sandstone, mixed with thin purple mudstone, sllty and sand spherical inclusions are often seen. A near-beded feldspar quartz sandstone （K16） at bottom in conformable contact with Shiqianfeng Formation. (2) Lower Heshanggou Formation （T1h） 0-300 m thick, mainly purple-brick red sandy mudstone and mudstone, mixed with brown fine feldspar quartz sandstone, mudstone contains calcareous modules, in conformable contact with underlying Liujiagou Formation. 5. Quaternary System （Q） 0～50 m thick, mainly distributed in gulch and river valley. Middle Pleistocene Series （Q2） light red sandy clay, often containing calcareous modules, sometimes mixed with gravel; Upper Pleistocene Series （Q3） pale yellow, brown sandy clay, mixed with calcareous modules, developed pores; Holocene （Q4） is modern alluvial riverbed deposition and piedmont alluvial deposit formed by fine sand, silty sand, sand and gravel. 3.4 Meteorological characteristics The project area is in temperature monsoon climate zone with complex topography and geomorphy and distinct climate differences. Main characteristics are： Obvious continental clamite with distinct seasons, long winter and short summer, rain and hot in the same season, strong monsoon; dry and windy spring, drought in nine of ten years; hot and rainy summer with 11 uneven rain and heat; temperature and comfortable autumn with more slightly rainy days; cold and less-sunlight winter with rare rain and snow. Qinshui county meteorological index statistics are given in Table 3.4-1. Table 3.4-1 Qinshui county meteorological index statistics Order Item Unit Quantity 1 Average altitude m 700～1300 2 Average relative humidity % 61 Yearly average m/s 2.7 windspeed 3 windspeed Yearly max. m/s 26 windspeed 4 Dominant wind NW Extreme max. ℃ 37.4 5 Temperature Yearly average ℃ 10.4 Extreme min. ℃ -18.7 6 Average annual rainfall mm 580.1 7 Average annual evaporation mm 1660.8 8 Max. Depth of frozen soil m 0.61 9 Average annual sunshine h 2610 10 Yearly frost-free days day 195 3.5Hydrology 3.5.1 Surface water quality 3.5.1.1 Surface water overview The project area surface water belongs to Qinshe tributary of the Yellow River, key rivers include Qinhe and Qinshui. As Qinshui Basin is surrounded 12 by mountains, high in southwest and low in southeast, rivers converge at Qinhe ad flow out of the border in the south and empty into the Yellow River. Qinhe also called Qinshui is the largest river in the area, owellsiteinating from Erlang Shengou, east of northwestern Taiyue Mountains, Qinyuan, Shanxi Province, transvers Anze, Qinshui, Yangcheng nad Zezhou counties southward, cuts across Taihang Mountains, flows into Jiyuan, Henan Province, empties into the Yellow River at Wuzhi county, 456km long, with a watershed area of 1.29×104 km2. Qinhe is 326 km long in Shanxi with a watershed area of 9,315 km2. It is 160 km long in Jincheng, with a watershed area of 4,606 km2. It is 326 km long in Qinshui county, passes 45 villages in four towns or townships: Suzhuang, Zhengzhuang, Duanzhuang, and Jiafeng, enters Yangcheng in Weichi village, Jiafeng town, with a watershed area of 456.8 km2. Qinhe banks contain cliffs with big height differences, swift current and abundant irwellsiteation resources, Qinhe yearly runoff is 6.22×108 m3, average 16.5 m3/s. actual max. discharge is 2,300 m3/s，min. discharge is 0.32 m3/s. river sand concentration average 6.95 kg/m3, it is the river with the least sand in the eight major rivers in Shanxi Province. Qinshui River runs across the whole cooperation area from east to west. The area surface water is given in Figure 3.5-1. 13 14 3.5.1.2 Surface water environmental quality 1. Surface water environmental quality status monitoring The project surface water status monitoring applies environmental status data of the Shanxi Provincial Environmental Monitoring Central Station as entrusted by the Qinshui Basin CBM Field Zhengzhuang Block 900 Million m3/Year Capacity Construction Project to demonstrate the area surface water status. (1) Establishment of monitoring section The monitoring section was set up on the Qinhe Zhengzhuang town section (500 m downstream from confluence of the qin river and qinshui river). (2) Monitoring items Monitoring items consist of pH, cyanide, CODcr, DO, petroleum, NH3-N, TP, BOD5 and volatile phenols, while hydrological factors such as discharge and flow velocity are measured. (3) Monitoring time and frequency Consecutive three days of August 3-5, 2009, once each day. (4) Monitoring and analysis methods Monitoring and analysis methods comply with “Environmental monitoring technical specification” and “Water and wastewater monitoring and analysis methods” published by SEPA. Details are given in Table 3.5-1. Table 3.5-1 Water monitoring and analysis methods Item Analysis method Detection limit Method source pH Glass electrode method — GB/6920-1986 BOD5 Dilution and seeding method 0.5mg/L HJ505-2009 15 CODcr Potassium dichromate method 5mg/L GB11914-1989 DO Iodometric method 0.2mg/L GB7489-89 Ammonia nitrogen Nessler’s reagent colorimetric method 0.025mg/L HJ535-2009 Petroleum Infrared photometric method 0.01mg/L GB/T16488-1996 Total phosphorous Molybdate spectrophotometric method 0.01mg/L GB 11893-89 Cyanide Isonicotinato-pyrazolone colorimetry 0.004mg/L GB 7487-87 4-amino antipyrien Volatile phenol 0.002mg/L GB 7490-87 spectrophotometric method 2. Surface water environmental quality status evaluation (1) Evaluation criteria Surface water environment complies with V criteria in Table 1 of “Surface water environmental quality standard” （GB3838-2002）. Specific criteria values are given in Table 3.5-2. Table 3.5-2 Surface water environmental quality standard (GB3838-2002) Unit：mg/l Ammonia Pollutant pH COD BOD5 Mercury Arsenal 石油类 Sulfide Fluoride nitrogen Criteria 6-9 ≤20 ≤4 ≤1.0 ≤0.0001 ≤0.05 ≤0.05 ≤0.2 ≤1.0 value (2)Evaluation method Single factor index method is applied for evaluation of surface water environmental status monitoring result, calculation formurla is: Pi=Ci/Csi Where, Pi—Single factor index of a pollutant Ci—Antual concentration value of a pollutant, mg/l 16 Csi—Evaluation criteria for a pollutant, mg/l pH value single factor index calculation formula uses: PpH =（pHj-7.0）/（Csi-7.0）（pHj>7.0） PpH =（7.0-pHj）/（7.0-Csi）（pHj<7.0） Where, PpH—Single factor index of pH pHj—Antual concentration value of pH Csi—pH upper limit or lower limit stated in the water quality standard When a water quality parameter index is more than 1, it shows pollutant concentration of the section exceeds the standard value and thus is somewhat polluted. (3) Evaluation result Surface water environmental quality evaluation result is listed in Table 3.5-3. From the section pollutant monitoring result, single factor indexes of pH, CODcr, DO and NH3-N are 0.45, 0.65, 0.68 and 0.162 respectively, the remaining monitoring items are undetected, it shows Qinhe water is relatively good, excess is not found, monitored pollutants all meet the standard requirements. 3.5.2Groundwater quality 3.5.2.1 Groundwater overview Based on control of geological and geomorphic conditions over groundwater burial case, the area groundwater distribution can be summarized to the 3 following types: 17 Hilly area groundwater: Groundwater is bedrock fissure water, lithologies are mainly sandstone and mudstone interbedding, with good aquifer, being multi-layered, it often touches the ground along sandstone and mudstone, and there a number of spring outcrops along sandstone pores and fissures. Groundwater in the gully area above the erosion datum migrates along the gully. Depth of groundwater table is mainly dependent on thickness of the bed and topography as well, ranging from 30 to 60 m in general. Valley terrace area groundwater: it mainly refers to valley Quaternary alluvial phreatic water, distributed floodplain and terrace area of major rivers and their tributaries, big or small. Its alluvium shows an obvious double-bed structure, the upper has fine silty clay with poor moisture, about 5-20m thick, the lower is dominantly pebble and gravel layer, groundwater is pore water with general depth of 3-40 m. with fluctuation of river water level in a year, river water and submergible water are mutually replenished. Groundwater during flooding gets recharge from river and recharges into river during dry season, witih obvious hydraulic relations performance. Confined water: Mainly buried in Permian sandstone and shale beds as river fissure seepage along the bed pore and seepage of upper phreatic water, confined water is formed when they converge in local structural basin, and their upper part is covered with sandstone and shale, it has good pressure resistance, but when they are directly exposed to the surface or only cover Quaternary alluvium, they have poor pressure resistance with low artesian head, however, in any case, depth is shallow. 3.5.2.2 Groundwater environmental quality 1. Groundwater quality status monitoring and evaluation The project groundwater status monitoring applies environmental status data of the Shanxi Provincial Environmental Monitoring Central Station as 18 entrusted by the Qinshui Basin CBM Field Zhengzhuang Block 900 Million m3/Year Capacity Construction Project to demonstrate the area groundwater status. (1) Monitoring point layout Monitoring point is Zhengzhuang town water well. (2) Monitoring items Groundwater monitoring items consist of pH, total hardness, cyanide, arsenal, sulfate, nitrate, nitriate, volatile phenol, total coliforms, while water level, water temperature and well depth are also recorded. (3)Monitoring time and frequency Consecutive two days of August 3-4, 2009, once each day. (4) Sampling and analysis methods Groundwater analysis methods are given in Table 3.5-4. Table 3.5-4 Water quality monitoring and analysis methods Item Analysis method Method source pH Glass electrode method GB6920-86 Total hardness EDTA titration GB7477-87 4-amino antipyrien spectrophotometric Volatile phenol GB7490-87 method Nitrate nitrogen UV spectrophotometric method GB7480-87 Nitrite nitrogen N-(1-naphthalene) ethylenediamineGB7493-87 spectrophotometric method Total choliforms Multi-tupe fermentation method GB/T5750.12-2006 Diethyl disulfide amino formic acid silver Total arsenic GB7485-87 spectrophotometry 19 Item Analysis method Method source Fluoride Ion selective electrode method GB7484-87 Sulfate Barioum chromate spectrophotometry GB7468-87 (5) Monitoring result statistic analysis Groundwater status monitoring result statistic table reference is detailed in Table 3.5-5. 2. Evaluation method Single factor index method is applied for evaluation of average groundwater environmental status monitoring result, calculation formurla is: Pi=Ci/Si Where, Pi—Single factor index of a pollutant Ci—Monitoring result of i pollutant Si—Evaluation criteria for i pollutant pH value evaluation formula is: PpH =（pHj-7.0）/（Csi-7.0）（pHj>7.0） PpH =（7.0-pHj）/（7.0-Csi）（pHj<7.0） Where, PpH—Single factor index of pH pHj—Antual concentration value of pH Csi—pH upper limit or lower limit stated in the water quality standard 3. Evaluation result The evaluation performed status evaluation of refered and recharged groundwater status monitoring data, with evaluation result shown in Table 3.5-5. 20 Pi＞1.0 means excess, Pi＜0.5 means clean level. The evaluation result shows Hengzhuang village water well is heavily polluted, total hardness, nitrate, nitriate, total choliforms are all beyond the criteria, total choliforms excess is the severest, maximum excess is 12-folds. None of the remaining detection items is excessive. Its excess is attributed to all local resident pool water is central tap water, most wells are rejected as drinking water source and no longer under control, there are a lot of rotten sticks and dry leaves, causing nitrate, nitriate and total choliforms excess. 21 Table 3.5-3 Referring surface water environmental quality status monitoring and evaluation result (mg/l, except pH) Water Volatile Discharge Sampling point Time pH Cyanide CODcr DO Petroleum NH3-N TP BOD5 temperature 3 phenol m /h ( ℃) Standard value 6-9 0.02 20 5 0.05 1 0.2 4 0.005 - - Aug 3 8.13 0.004L 12 6.3 0.1L 0.166 0.01L 2L 0.002L 21.0 0.213 Aug 4 8.11 0.004L 8 5.4 0.1L 0.163 0.01L 2L 0.002L 20.8 0.211 Qinhe Aug 5 8.10 0.004L 20 5.7 0.1L 0.156 0.01L 2L 0.002L 22.7 0.213 Zhengzhuang town section Average 8.11 0.004L 13 5.8 0.1L 0.162 0.01L 2L 0.002L 21.5 0.212 value Single 0.45 - 0.65 0.68 - 0.162 - - - - factor index 22 Table 3.5-5 Referring groundwater environmental quality status monitoring and evaluation result (mg/l, except pH) Total Water Total Total Volatile Nitrate Nitrite Well Sampling point Time pH choliforms Fluoride Sulfate temperature hardness arsenic phenol nitrogen nitrogen depth (m) （/L） ( ℃) Standard value 6.5-8.5 450 0.05 0.002 3 1 250 20 0.02 - - Aug 3 7.39 456 0.007L 0.002L 51 0.33 67.0 23.0 0.10 17.0 8.2 Aug 4 7.32 455 0.007L 0.002L 27 0.34 67.0 22.4 0.10 16.7 8.2 Qinhe Average 7.35 455.5 0.007L 0.002L 39 0.335 67 22.7 0.1 16.85 8.2 Zhengzhuang value town section Single 0.17 1.01 - - 13.00 0.34 0.27 1.14 5.00 - - factor index Compliance Yes Excess Undetected Undetected Excess Yes Yes Excess Excess - - 23 3.6 Ambient air quality status 3.6.1 Ambient air quality status monitoring The project ambient air quality status monitoring applies environmental status data of the Shanxi Provincial Environmental Monitoring Central Station an entrusted by the Qinshui Basin CBM Field Zhengzhuang Block 900 Million m3/Year Capacity Construction Project to demonstrate the area ambient air quality status. 1. Monitoring points Locations are: 1＃ Zhengzhuang block site, 2＃ Zhengzhuang village and 3＃ Duanshi town. 2.Monitoring items Monitoring items consist of five pollutants: TSP, SO2, NO2, PM10 and non-methane hydrocarbons. 3. Monitoring time and frequency Monitoring time was consecutive 7 days of July 17-23, 2009, no less than 12h for TSP and PM10 each day, no less than 18h for SO2 and NO2 each day, monitoring frequency of characteristic pollutant non-methane hydrocarbons was 1-day monitoring, sampling once each in the morming and afternoon, sampling 1h each time. Meteological parameters such as wind direction and velocity, temperature and atmospheric pressure were also recorded during sampling. 4. Sampling and analysis methods SEPA “Environmental monitoring technical specification” and “Air and exhaust gas monitoring and analysis methods” shall apply. Details are given in Table 3.6-1. 24 Table 3.6-1 Monitoring and analysis methods Item Sampling method Monitoring method Method source Glass fiber filter TSP Gravimetric method GB/T15432-95 membrane adsorption Glass fiber filter PM10 Gravimetric method GB6921-86 membrane adsorption Pararosaniline Formaldehyde SO2 hydrochloride GB/T15262-94 solution absorption spectrophotometry NO2 solution absorption Saltzman method GB/T15435-95 Non-methane Sylinge collection Gas chromatography GB/T15263-94 hydrocarbons 3.6.2 Status evaluation 3.6.2.1 Status monitoring information statistics After summing up pollutant status monitoring results of all monitoring points, analyzing their hourly concentration and daily average concentration variation range, and analyzing item hourly and daily average concentration excess number, excess rate and maximum excess times based on corresponding environmental quality standard, concentration statistical results of all pollutants are given in Table 3.6-2 to Table 3.6-6. 1. Total suspension particle （TSP） Table 3.6-2 TSP daily average concentration monitoring result statistical table mg/Nm3 Max. Excess Mam. Daily average Daily average Monitoirng point Sample concentraton rate No. concentration concentration Excess name No. up=to standard range standard value （%） times rate Zhengzhuang 1 7 0.119-0.499 0.30 1.66 28 0.66 block location 25 Zhengzhuang 2 7 0.110-0.282 0.30 0.94 0 0 village 3 Duanshi town 7 0.172-0.377 0.30 1.25 28 0.25 Evaluation area 21 0.110-0.499 0.30 1.66 14 0.66 From TSP status monitoring result of Table 3.6-2, the evaluation area TSP daily average concentration range is 0.110-0.499 mg/Nm3，number of exceede criteria of level 2 daily average concentration in “Ambient air quality standard” （ GB3095-1996 ） is 4, excess rate is 14%, and max. concentration up-to-standard rate variation range is 0.94-1.66. 2. Particulate matters （PM10） Table 3.6-3 PM10 daily average concentration monitoring result statistical table mg/Nm3 Max. Excess Daily average Daily average Mam. Monitoirng point Sample concentraton rate No. concentration concentration Excess name No. up=to standard range standard value （%） times rate Zhengzhuang 1 7 0.048-0.228 0.15 1.52 28 0.52 block location Zhengzhuang 2 7 0.045-0.121 0.15 0.81 0 0 village 3 Duanshi town 7 0.076-0.225 0.15 1.50 28 0.50 Evaluation area 21 0.045-0.228 0.15 1.52 14 0.52 From PM10 status monitoring result of Table 3.6-3, the evaluation area PM10 daily average concentration range is 0.045-0.288 mg/Nm3，number of exceede criteria of level 2 daily average concentration in “Ambient air quality standard” （GB3095-1996） is 4, excess rate is 14%, and max. concentration up-to-standard rate variation range is 0.81-1.52. 3. Sulfur dioxide （SO2） 26 The evaluation area SO2 daily average concentration monitoring statistical result in given in Table 3.6-4. Table 3.6-4 SO2 daily average concentration monitoring statistical result mg/Nm3 Max. Excess Mam. Daily average Daily average Sample concentraton rate NNo. Monitoirng point name concentration concentration Excess No. up=to range standard value times standard rate （%） Zhengzhuang block 1 7 0.011-0.024 0.15 0.16 0 0 location 2 Zhengzhuang village 7 0.014-0.027 0.15 0.18 0 0 3 Duanshi town 7 0.011-0.022 0.15 0.15 0 0 Evaluation area 21 0.011-0.027 0.15 0.18 0 0 From SO2 status monitoring result of Table 3.6-4, the evaluation area SO2 daily average concentration range is 0.011-0.027 mg/Nm3，meeting level 2 daily average concentration criteria in “Ambient air quality standard” （GB3095-1996）, and max. concentration up-to-standard rate variation range is 0.07-0.18. 4、NO2 Table 3.6-5 NO2 daily average concentration monitoring statistical result mg/Nm3 Max. Excess Mam. Daily average Daily average Monitoirng point Sample concentraton rate NNo. concentration concentration Excess name No. up=to standard range standard value （%） times rate Zhengzhuang 1 7 0.013-0.064 0.12 0.53 0 0 block location Zhengzhuang 2 7 0.011-0.052 0.12 0.43 0 0 village 3 Duanshi town 7 0.028-0.062 0.12 0.52 0 0 27 Evaluation area 21 0.011-0.064 0.12 0.53 0 0 From NO2 status monitoring result of Table 3.6-5, the evaluation area NO2 daily average concentration range is 0.011-0.064 mg/Nm3，meeting level 2 daily average concentration criteria in “Ambient air quality standard” （GB3095-1996）, and max. concentration up-to-standard rate variation range is 0.43-0.53. 5. Non-methane hydrocarbons Table 3.6-6 Non-methane hydrocarbons daily average concentration monitoring statistical result mg/Nm3 Max. Excess Daily average Daily average Mam. Monitoirng point Sample concentraton rate NNo. concentration concentration Excess name No. up=to standard range standard value （%） times rate Zhengzhuang 1 7 0.354-0.480 5.0 0.096 0 0 block location Zhengzhuang 2 7 0.262-0.474 5.0 0.095 0 0 village 3 Duanshi town 7 0.233-0.602 5.0 0.120 0 0 Evaluation area 21 0.233-0.602 5.0 0.120 0 0 From non-methane hydrocarbons status monitoring result of Table 3.6-6, the evaluation area non-methane hydrocarbons daily average concentration range is 0.233-0.602 mg/Nm3，meeting “Isreal National Ambient Air Quality Standard”, and max. concentration up-to-standard rate variation range is 0.096-0.120. 3.6.2.2 Status evaluation 1、Evaluation formula Single factor index method is applied for evaluation and calculation formurla is: 28 Ii=Ci/Si Where, Ii—Single factor index of i pollutant; Ci—Antual concentration average value of i pollutant; Si—Ambient air quality standard of i pollutant; 2、Evaluation result Evaluation was performed for pollutant daily average oncentration and hourly concentration of all monitoring points during the monitoring period by using the selected evaluation standard and evaluation method. Results are given in Table 3.6-7. Ii<0.5 means clean level, Ii is 0.5-1.0 means up-to-standardexcess and Ii>1.0 means excess. Table 3.6-7 Ambient air quality status evaluation result table Single factor index range of all pollutants Sampling Order point name ITSP IPM10 ISO2 INO2 T 非甲烷总烃 Zhengzhuang 0.071-0.096 1 0.40-1.66 0.32-1.52 0.07-0.16 0.11-0.53 block location Zhengzhuang 0.052-0.095 2 0.36-0.94 0.3-0.81 0.09-0.18 0.09-0.43 village 3 Duanshi town 0.57-1.25 0.50-1.50 0.07-0.15 0.23-0.52 0.047-0.120 Evaluation area 0.36-1.66 0.30-1.52 0.07-0.18 0.09-0.53 0.047-0.120 From Table 3.6-7 data, single factor index ranges of TSP、PM10、SO2、 NO2 and non-methane hydrocarbons in the evaluation area are 0.36-1.66、 0.30-1.52 、 0.07-0.18 、 0.09-0.53 and 0.047-0.120 respectively. Evaluation results show daily average concentration values of TSP and PM10 in the evaluation area are excessive, while daily average concentration values of SO2 、 NO2 and non-methane hydrocarbons meet the corresponding environemtnal quality standard requirements. 29 3.7 Acoustic environmental quality status The project wellsites and stations are all away from the residential areas, acoustic environment is mainly natural noise, analog LNG plant area noise level daylight noise level is between 35.3dB(A)～37.8dB(A), night noise level is between 32.6dB(A)～33.2dB(A), both daylight and night meet level 2 criteria limits in “Noise emission standards at boundary of industrial enterprises” (GB12348-2008)/ 3.8Soil 3.8.1 Soil type Qinshui county has a total area of 3.987 million mu, minus village, water area, naked rock, dry floodplain, crag and other industrial enterprise construction land, total land area is 3.235 million mu, including 2.757 million mu natural soil and 468,500 mu soil. Qinshui has various soil types, which have certan rules with topographic changes. Main distribution: Mountain area is largely grass and shrub cinnamon soil, hilly area is largely cinnamon soil, hilly basin is largely typical cinnamon soil, and valley zone is largely light-colored meadow soil. The project area soil type is mainly cinnamon soil, with high native species fertility and lush vegetations. 3.8.2 Soil erosion Combined with nationa soil erosion type division, Type A area is mainly hydraulic erosion area, Type B is Northwest Loess Plateau area. According to the soil erosion classified standard（SL190-96），soil erosion strength classified standard is given in Table 3.8-1 and 3.8-2. 30 Table 3.8-1 Soil loss tolerance of erosion areas Type area Soil loss tolerance [t/（km2·a）] Nothwest Loess Plateau area 1000 Northweast Black Soil area 200 Northern earthern mountanous 200 area Southern red soil hilly area 500 Northern earthern mountanous 500 area Southern red soil hilly area The area is Northwest Loess Plateau area Table 3.8-2 Soil erosion strength classified standard table Average loss thickness 平 Level Average erosion mudulus [t/（km2·a）] （mm/a） Slight ＜1000 ＜0.74 Light 1000～2500 0.74～1.9 Moderate 2500～5000 1.9～3.7 Strong 5000～8000 3.7～5.9 Very strong 8000～15000 5.9～11.1 Violent ＞15000 ＞11.1 The area soil erosion strength is given in Table 3.8-3. Table 3.8-3 Soil erosion status list Soil erosion strength Area （km2） Rate of evaluation area（%） Slight 8.0 16.0 Light 7.5 15.0 Moderate 25.0 50.0 Strong 9.5 19.0 Total 50 100. 0 31 Slight erosion: Distributed in shrubbery and woodland area, vegetation coverage is relatively high, soil erosion modulus is generally less than 1000 t/ （km2·a）. The area of 8.0 km2 accounts for 16.0% of the evaluation area. Light erosion: Distributed in grassy area of medium and low coverage northeast of the gasfield, relatively high vegetation coverage, relatively gentle terrains, soil erosion modulus is 1000～2500t/（km2·a）. The area of 7.5km2 accounts for 15.0% of the evaluation area. Moderate erosion: Distributed in the middle and northwest of the gasfield, （km2·a） soil erosion modulus is generally 2500～5000 t/ . The area of 25.0 km2 accounts for 50.0% of the evaluation area. Strong erosion: Distributed in the farmland vegetation section, affected by cultivation, soil erosion modulus is generally 5000～8000 t/（km2·a）. The area of 9.5 km2 accounts for 19.0% of the evaluation area. Water and soil loss is mainly moderate erosion, led by water erosion, affected by human activities and climate, surface vegetation growth is hindered, soil erosion grows sharply. Soil erosion control should be focuses on recovery of surface vegetations and improvement of vgetatoins coverage, especially increase of shrubbery and woodland area. From soil erosion status analysis, farmland cultivation area features severe soil erosion, and reconverting farmland to woodland and grassland helps control local water and soil low. 3.9 Biodiversity 3.9.1 Vegetation status According to the Shanxi vegetation division, the area belongs to the deciduous broad-leaved forest of warm temperature zone, mountains and hills, Vitex, sallowthorn and bothriochola on the Qinghe basin give rise to shrub and grass area. Key vegetation types include crops, shrubs and arbors. 32 Crops: Food crops include wheat, corn, grains, beans, sweet potatoes, potatoes and melons, winter wheat has the largest acrage, wheat grandes mainly include Beijing No.10, Taishan No.1, etc, grain grades mainly include Red Kelp, White Kelo, red and black percy valleys, Changnong No.10, Changnong No.18, Shuitongliu, Dashagu, etc. Corn grades include 120-day Dahuang, 80-day Zhonghuang, 60-day Xiaohuang, Baimaya, Zhongdan No.2, Danyu No.6, etc. Sorghum mainly includes Jinza No.5, Xinza No.7, etc. Cash crops mainly include cotton, Gulu hemp, rape ad peanuts as well as a small number of medical herbs, tobacco and various vegetables, fruits and flowers, etc. Shrubs: Vitex, Xinthina, Caragana, sallowthorn, ostryopsis, gooseberry, deciduous philadelphus, pointed leave gray cotoneaster, Lobular Spiraea, Iron Whip, white thorn flower, acer mono, Rosebud Tea, lilac, Prunus spinosa, etc. Arbor: Pinus tabulaeformis Carr, Platycladus orientalis, Carpinus cordata, hazel, Oriental White Oak, Quercus dentata Thunb, Quercus, cinnamon oak, stinky elm, black elm, column leaf elm, ulmus macrocarpa, pewter, poplar, aspen, lombardy poplar, Zhuantian poplar, populus simonii, river sallow, mulberry tree, dryland willow, Robinia pseudoacacia, black acacia, Anacardiaceae, basswood, spruce, ailanthus, sycamore, etc. Fruit category: Yellow plum, apple, raspberries, hawthorn, walnut, perssimons, peaches, apricot, xanthoxylon, etc. Yellow plum, apple and perssimon are particularly famous. Apple grades mainly include Hongyu, Banana, big and small Guoguang and Marshal, etc. 3.9.2 Wide animal status survey and evaluation Mammals mainly include Mustela sibirica, cape hare, badger, squirrel, vole, woodchuck, soil zokor, Norway rat. Birds mainly include pheasant, Alectoris, pecker, crow, cuckoo and horned lark, etc. insects include: cicada, cabbage butterfly and grasshopper, over 40. Also distributed in the area are magpie and 33 chough of corvidae, sparrow of java sparrow, red-tailed shrike of Laniidae as well as dove-shaped orders. Reptiles mainly include sand lizard and lizard; amphibians mainly include toed. Livestock mainly includes sheep, goats, cattle, pigs, horses, donkeys, chickens, etc. According to survey, no national rare and wild animals are found in the evaluation area. 3.10 Social environment overview 3.10.1 Social environment overview 3.10.1.1 Qinshui county 2 Qinshui county has a total area of 2,676.6 km ，a population of 216,000, administers 7 townships (Pancunhe, Tuwo, Zhangcun, Suzhuang, Hudi, Guxian and Zhili) and 7 towns (Longwan, Zhongcun, Zhengzhuang, Duanshi, Jiafeng, Zhengcun and Shizhuang), 2248 administrative villages and 6 residents’ committees. The county-wise GDP completed RMB 14.6 billion in 2011, year-on-year growth was 15.4%, ranking second in the city; incremental value of industries above designated scale completed RMB 5.69 billion, at 21.8% growth; ranking third in the city; fiscal revenuw completed RMB2.61 billion, at 17.3% growth, absolute value ranked third in the city; farmers’ per capita pure income completed RMB 608.85 billion, at 20.4% growth, ranking first in the city; urbanites per capita disposal income completed RMB15821, at 18.4% growth, ranking first in the city; service sector added value completed RMB2.8 billion, at 11.5% growth, ranking first in the city; social consumer goods retails completed RMB 1.29 billion, at 17.5% growth, ranking second in the city. 34 The county has 120 schools, including 16 junior middle schools, 3 senior middle schools, 1 vocational middle school, 77 primary schools, 1 special education school and 22 kindergartens. There are 31,495 on-campus students, new enrollment of 9,907 students, 8,992 students are graduated. Primary school enrollment rate of school-age children is 100%, gross enrollment rate of pre-school thre years reached 79.7% and that of senior middle school is 95.3%. The county has 303 medical and health institutions of all levels, 579 beds in hospitals and health centers, 687 health professionals, 1,000 residents have 3.3 doctors. Participation rate of new rural cooperative medical care system (NCMS) was 97.2%, village clinic coverage reached 100%, and up-to-standard rate of county, township and village-level medical institutions was 99.7%. 3.10.1.2 Longgang town Longgang town is located in mid-west of Qinshui county, with Bifeng in the north, Shilou in the south, Meixi in the left, Xinshui in the wellsiteht, Xianhe River in the middle, long history, fine view and sinple and hornest people. The town has 28 admnistrative villages and 9 communities, more than 60,000 residents. The county-wise social GDP completed RMB 1.45 billion in 2011, a growth of 26%. The private sector completed RMB 1.42 billion, a growth of 23.5%; private sector economic income completed RMB 1.2 billion, a growth of 23%; industrial output value completed RMB 360 million, a growth of 19%; fiscal revenue completed RMB 49.85 million, a growth of 5.2%; general budget income completed RMB 22.36 million, a growth of 5.3%; farmers’ per capita pure income reached RMB 6,347, a growth of 25.2%, achieved a ggood beginning of the 12th Five-Year Plan period. 35 The town has 10 central primary schools, 1 kindergarten, 1 special education school for the deaf and dumb and 1 junior middle school, retention rate of 3-year junior middle school reached 100%. The town has 3 health centers and 98 medical personnel. By 2011, 37 village standard clinics had been built and put into service. NCMS participation rate exceeded 99.6%, rural pension insurance participation rate reached 95.2%, and the whole town has achieved “reliance for the sick and care for the aged”. The project surrounding villages list is shown in Table 3.10-1. Table 3.10-1 List of villages location relation Village committee Number ofYearly averagearable land with the projectResidents name household income (RMB) (mu) area Libi In the area 908 378 6040 980 Mayi In the area 1173 387 7000 1800 Changbai In the area 546 170 3000 2411 Zhangzhuang In the area 100 25 2500 240 Dalaogou In the area 140 36 2800 395 Qianbangou In the area 98 24 2600 200 Wanze E0.8km 413 147 3790 500 Guohua S0.9km 1289 370 5000 1200 Hebeizhuang S0.4km 820 283 3000 1800 3.10.2 Land use The area land use is divided into 6 types, distribution of all types is given in Table 3.10-2. 36 Table 3.10-2 Land use classification and area statistic table Percentage of teh evaluation Land use type Area （km2） area （%） Road 0.07 0.14 Farmland 8.23 16.46 Woodland 14.27 28.54 Grassland 18.75 37.5 Settlement and industrial land 0.17 0.34 Unused land 8.51 17.02 Total 50.0 100.00 3.11 Yanshan Nature Reserve The project south is the provincial-level nature reserve – Yanshan Nature Reserve. It is at the crossing area of Taihang and Zhongtiao mountains, geographic coordinates are longitude 112°16′50″-112°27′50″ east, latitude 35°35′33″-35°41′ north, starting from Beiyan Mountain, ending at Zhaoshan Hills, bordering the Luwei River in the south and Qinshui boundary in the north. EW length is about 18 km and SN width is about 14 km, total area is 10,009 hm2. Yanshan Naure Reserve mainly protects the only large stretch and high ecological value of rare natural resources in China’s northern region – natural Platycladus orientalis forest, also comprehensively protects other endangered State-level protection species such as leopard, roe and Cervus Nippon, etc. With forest ecological system of natural Pinus bungeana Zucc. and Quercus as associated species, the Naure Reserve is a comprehensive natural protection area integrating ecological protection, research monitoring, education and sustainable development. Yanshan Naure Reserve type is forst and wild animal type, protection targets are natural Platycladus orientalis forest ecological system and reptiles. 37 Overall planning of Yanshan Naure Reserve is given in Figure 3.11-1. 1. Protection area Protection area includes core area and buffer area as divided by function. The area forest ecological system conservation is relatively good, it is also a habitat of State-level protection animals such as leopard, roe and Cervus Nippon, it is the key protection area of Yanshan Naure Reserve and essence of the Naure Reserve. The area division is an important means to realize the goal of protecting and studying wild life resources and forest eco-system and also an important guarantee for fully protecting biological gene bank and other functions. 2. Operation area Operation area is experiemental area as divided by function. The area is set up to boost protection and sustainable, reasonable and scientific utilization of natural resources and develop community economy as well as carry out the following activities based on the Naure Reserve resource protection and management status and community economic and cultural status in the operation area: (1) Research and teaching activities; (2) Naure Reserve infrastructure construction; (3) Ecological tourism; (4) Support the community to develop efficient agriculture, ecological agriculture, ecological forestry, rural comprehensive economic development; (5) Carry out education and demonstration education activities; (6) Carry out various operation activities. 3. Relations of the Naure Reserve and the project 38 Yanshan Naure Reserve is located in the project south. According to the Shanxi Provincial Nature Reserve Management Regulations, mining resource tapping is not allowed in the Nature Reserve, so the project exploitation area is all located outside the Yanshan Naure Reserve. Ecological evaluationrange is the same as the exploitation range, also located outside the Yanshan Naure Reserve, about 350m of the nearest gasfield boundary of the Naure Reserve boundary, well gas production will not cause unfavorable effect on the Yanshan Nature Reserve. CBM exploitation is a light-pollution project, its environmental impact on the evaluation area is focused on construction period of short period, reversible effect. Impact during operation is mainly wellsite drainage and a small amount of solid waste of light pollution, impossible to cause unwanted effect on the Nature Reserve. Relations of the project and Nature Reserve are given in Figure 3.11-2. 39 40 41 3.12 Cultural relics Qinshui county has 90-odd relic protection units, including 4 national key cultural relics protection units – Liu’s Residence (serving as Chinese historic cultural well-known village), Xiang Yu Casle, Guobi Village Ancient Buildings, and Douzhuang Ancient Buildings; 7 provincial-level cultural relics protection units – Dongyu Stone Statues, Xiachuang Site, Baliping Site, Stone Tower, Guobi Cuifujun Temple, and Zhao Shuli House; 5 city-level cultural relics protection units – Jade Emperator Temple, Longyan Temple, Shengtian Temple and Fusheng Temple. Key types are ancient sites, ancient buildings, stone inscriptions, revolutoiinary memoration places, etc, fragmented distribution, far from the project gasfield. There are 11 county-level cultural relics in the project gasfield range, and their cultural relics protection units are listed in Table 2.12-1. Cultural relics distribution diagram in the project gasfield range are seen in Figure 3.12-1. Table 3.12-1 Cultural relics protection units in the gasfield range (m)nearest from the project (m) No. Name Year Type Level Remark From From wellsite road Chanwang Ming and Qing Ancient 1 County 430 320 Temple Site dynasties site Changbo Tang Ming and Qing Ancient 2 County 1200 480 Emperator dynasties building Temple Qiangouxian Sui dynasties Ancient The nearest road is the 3 County 480 220 Temple –Five dynasties building existing road. The site is totally Libi General Ming and Qing Ancient renovated with modern 4 County 500 5 Yue Temple dynasties building material as Libi village clinic, and the nearest 42 road is the existing road. Libi Tang Sui dynasties Ancient The nearest road is the 5 Emperator County 640 200 –Five dynasties building existing road. Temple Warring States–southern Ancient The nearest road is the 6 Nabogou Site County 1020 570 and Northern site existing road Dynasties Libi South Ming and Qing Ancient The nearest road is the 7 County 1550 1140 Temple dynasties building existing road Ming and Qing Ancient The nearest road is the 8 Mayi Site County 660 90 dynasties site existing road Wangzhuang Ming and Qing Ancient 9 Dragon King County 220 200 dynasties building Temple Zhangzhuang Ming and Qing Ancient 10 Niuwang County 340 220 dynasties building Temple Zhangzhuang Ming and Qing Ancient 11 County 340 270 Attic dynasties building It is learned from sit survey that the present Libi Generl Yue Temple is built with modern material on the owellsiteinal site as Libi village clinic, so it can no longer be called cultural relic. Of the remaining 10 cultural relics in the gasfield range, 5 (Mayi Site, Libi South Temple, Nanpogou Site, Libi Tang Emperator Temple, Changbo Tang Emperator Temple) are located south of S331 Provincial Highway, 1 (Qiangouxian Temple) is located north of S331 Provincial Highway, and the project does not set up wellsite and road south of S331 Provincial Highway, so the project development, construction and operation will not generate effect on the above 6 cultural relics. On January 24, 2013, led by Qinshui County Administrative Approval Center and Qinshui County Production Safety Supervision Bureau and under the surveillance of the Qinshui County Supervision Bureau, the county State 43 land, housing and construction, environmental protection, forestry, water affairs, transport and tourist and cultural relic bureaus, Longgang town and Zhengzhaung town governments were organized to perform joint reconnaissance for site selection of 76 wellsites (311 wells) in the project gasfield range (relies, meeting minutes and site photos are attached). As Zheng 71-9 wellsite is near the reservoir and at Qinshui county cultural relic dissemination point – Chanwang Temple Site hinterland and Zheng 74-36 occupied farmland for return to woodland, the joint reconnaissance departments requested the two wellsites should select other sites, selection of other wellsites comply with the overall plan of land use, the overall plan of urban and rural construction and water resource planning, not in the cultural relic burial area, comply with the tourist plan and environmental protection requirements, overall requirements of road traffic planning and comply with the safety managementrequirements, therefore, other sits chosen were approved in principle. To dodge Chanwang Temple Site and not occupy unoccupiable farmland for return to woodland, Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited cancelled Zheng 71-9 and Zheng 74-36 wellsites, thus reducing the planned 93 to 91 to be built and 331 wells to 323 wells for construction. The remaining 3 cultural relics within the gasfield range are concentrated in the middle of the western gasfield – Wnagzhuang Dragon King Temple, Zhangzhuang Niuwang Temple nd Zhangzhuang Attic, 220m of the proposed wellsite in the nearest and 340m in the farthest, 200m of the proposed road in the nearest and 270m in the farthest. Site reconnaissance of the said cultural relics found they were all out of repair and unsttended. Some cultural relics photoes are given in Figure 3.12-2. 3.13Woodland Qingshui county forest coverage is 48.4%，forest area is 1.9304 million mu including 1.291 million mu natural forest; woodland total accumulation is 2.425 44 million m3，per capita 12 m3. Green types are largely Pinus tabulaeformis Carr, juniper and Robinia pseudoacacia, sparsely distributed are oak, aspen forest, poplar, willow, chaste tress and Prunus spinosa, etc. Woodland area within the project gasfield range is 14.27 km2，or 28.54% of the total gasfield area; woodland distribution within the project gasfield range is given in Figure 3.13-1. Wellsite and access road repair during construction occuplied about 631 mu (0.42 km2) woodland or 0.327‰ of the county-wise forest area, 0.84% of the gasfield area or 2.95% of forest area within the project gasfield range. State-owned forest farm of the project occupied woodland is about 327 mu and collectively owned forest farm is about 261 mu and disputing forest farm area is about 43 mu. The project woodland-involved statistics are given in Table 3.13-1 and Table 3.13-2. Forest species within the project gasfield range are largely Pinus tabulaeformis Carr, juniper and Robinia pseudoacacia, sparsely distributed are oak, poplar, willow, chaste tree, etc., none of State protected rare tree species;further, no State rare wild animals are found within the project gasfield range. 45 Figure 3.12-1 Cultural relics distribution diagram in the project gasfield range 46 47 Figure 3.12-2 Some cultural relics photoes Figure 3.13-1 Woodland distribution map within the gasfield range 48 Table 3.13-1 Early 20 woodland-involved wells statistics in the project Access road Area (m2) Type Wellsite No. Length (m) Width (m) Access road Wellsite area Zheng 74-1 - - - 1440 Zheng 74-2 25 8 200 1470 Zheng 74-3 270 6 1620 1225 Zheng 74-5 - - - 2250 Collective Zheng 74-6 107 10 1070 3450 Zheng 74-7 100 5 500 1280 Zheng 74-8 - - - 630 Zheng 74-9 - - - 1620 Converted to mu - - 25.12 mu Table 3.13-2 Batch 2 totaling 74 woodland-involved wells statistics in the project Occupied land (mu) Type Total (mu) Temporary Permanent Collective 44.66 89.31 133.97 road State-owned 72.53 145.10 217.63 374.07 Disputed 7.50 14.97 22.47 Collective 76.12 25.46 101.58 Wellsite State-owned 81.74 27.57 109.31 231.94 Disputed 15.73 5.32 21.06 Total 298.28 307.73 606.01 3.14 Environmental protection goals Environmentally sensitive targets and protection goals of all project factors are given in Table 3.14-1. 1 Table 3.14-1 Environmentally sensitive targets and protection goals From Environmental Protection Key the Protection No. location Residents factor target features area requirements （km） In the 1 Libi Community — 908 area In the 2 Mayi Community — 1173 area In the 3 Changbo Community — 546 area Class B function In the of “Ambient air 4 Zhangzhuang Community — 100 area quality standard” Ambient air (GB3095-2012), In the guarantee the 5 Dalaogou Community — 140 area project production will not aggrevate In the 6 Qianbangou Community — 98 local ambient air. area 7 Wanze E Community 0.8 413 8 Guohua S Community 0.9 1289 9 Hebeizhuang S Community 0.4 820 Class V water criteria of “Ambient air quality standard” (GB3095-2012), Surface water 1 Qinshui River guarantee the Cooperation south flows from west to east environment project drainage will not aggrevate local water environment. Class Ⅲ criteria of Groundwater Area “Groundwater 1 within the cooperation area range quality standard” environment groundwater (GB/T14848-93), guarantee the project production 2 From Environmental Protection Key the Protection No. location Residents factor target features area requirements （km） will not aggrevate local water environment. Type 2 area of “Acoustic environment quality standard” Plant 1 Station site (GB3096-2008), boundary guarantee the plant boundary will meet th Acoustic standard. environment Type 1 area of “Acoustic environment Villages quality standard” 2 Outside the cooperation area range surrounding the (GB3096-2008), guarantee the project will not affect Strictly control construction Project Drilling works, gas-gathering station, gas limits, recover 1 construction pipe network, road, etc vegetations after area construction is completed. Reclaim land after temporary Ecological environment Farmland within the project affected range is occupation, 2 Farmland about 8.23km2. compensate for permanent occupation. Soil quality not to 3 Soil be affected Soil and vegetations within the project construction range Natural Vegetatons to be 4 vegetations recovered 3 4 EIA and Mitigation Measures 4.1 Construction period environmental impact analysis and assessment 4.1.1 Drilling works Drilling works impact on environment is impact of pre-drilling ground leveling, drilling slurry, rock debris and noise during drilling operation. Drilling process impact on environment is given in Table 4.1-1. Table 4.1-1 Drilling process impact on environment Operation pollutants discharged and Key activities Mitigation measures process possible environmental impact Road rerpair, wellsite Reasonable Pre-drilling Vegetation destruction and leveling, wellsite camp arragenment, control works vehicle emissions arrangement wellsite land occupation Up-to-standard Diesel engien exhaust emission Production effulent (petroleum Wellsite leakage and COD) prevention Domestic sewage Wellsite handling Recycle and curing Water-based slurry landfill Drilling Drilling operation Drill debris wellsite landfill Recycle and equipment Oil-based slurry handling Special equipment Oil-based Drill debris handling Diesel engine boise Orientation controller Groundwater contamination Surface casing Strict managemetn and Logging radioactivity monitoring 4 4.1.1.1 Groundwater impact analysis and mitigation measures Drilling impact on groundwater is shown by drilling cutting through aquifers and affecting aquifers; drilling fluid pollutes groundwater; drilling slurry seepage affects shallow groundwater. 1. Impact on aquifers When drilling encounters shallow aquifer or aquifer zone, inject cement for sealing when casing is lowered to prevent groundwater seepage. Due to large stratum pressure, very little drilling slurry and fracturing liquid enters aquifers, thus very small impact on groundwater. 2. Drilling fluid impact on groundwater By adjusting drilling fluid concentration during drilling, maintain balance of drilling fluid pressure and bottom pressure, it is imposible that a large amount of drilling fluid penetrates the stratum during drilling. Key components of drilling （potassium polyacrylate） fluid are PRT bentonite, Na2CO3 (soda ash), KPAM , NH4-HPAN (hydrolyzed polyacrylonitrile ammonium), nitro humic acid potassium, sawdust and composite sealing agent, according to the national hazardous waste list, these substances are not hazardous waste and they contain non toxicity components. Use of drilling fluid will not cause impact on groundwater. 3. Drilling slurry Key components of drilling slurry are drilling fluid and drilling rock debris, there is a anti-seepage slurry pool for drilling slurry so that slurry will not seep and affect groundwater. 4. Sewage Wellsites are provided with anti-seepage sewage collection pools, which will be landfilled after construction ends. 5 5.Fracturing Key components of fracturing liquid are water + 2.0% potassium chloride + 0.2% surfactant (DL-10 或 D50) + a small amount of fungicide, fracturing proppant is natural quartz sand, they are all non toxicity and harmless substances and will not impact groundwater, furthermore, fracturing water will be pumped out during late pumping and exhaust removal process, fracturing process will not affect groundwater. 6.Mitigation measures Build anti-seepage slurry pools, sewage collection and evaporation pools; casing and cement sealing to protect aquifers. 4.1.1.2 Surface water impact analysis and mitigation measures 1. Drilling slurry impact on surface water Wastewater stored in the anti-seepage slurry pool will neither seep or spill. However, surface runoff will be formed during storm season, wastewater in the open sully pool may spill and flow with surface runoff formed by storm. Surface runoff formed in some areas may enter the Qinshui River and affect water. Therefore, wellsites near the river must be adjusted, planned wellsites on the riverbed must be reselected outside the riverbed. 30～50cm earth dam can be built around the slurry pool and dredge water channel depending on the terrain by raising fense around the slurry pool to prevent storn surface runoff entering the pool. As such, the slurry pool only bears 5cm/d rainfall during the possible maximum storm. The area is an arid region with a little ranfall and short drilling construction period can protect the slurry pool from leakage due to storm overflow. 2.Wastewater 6 Sewage collection and evaporation pool is built and random spill is forbidden. 3.Measures Wellsites planned on the river course should be adjusted, wellsites should be planned over 100-year recurrence flood water level, more than 100m of the water to avoid drilling affecting surface water. 4.1.1.3 Air environmentalimpact analysis and mitigation measures Drilling impact on surrounding environment is mainly diesel engine generating flue gas and CBM flaring and generating CO2 during trial production and drainage process. 1.Engine exhaust Flue gas generated by the diesel engine mainly contains NO2, CO and SO2，drilling depth is about 802m, given 20kg/m diesel consumed for 1m footing, each well average consumes 16t diesel, with 323 wells planned for drilling for the project, drilling consumes 5168t diesel, according to the emission factor in the “Oil and gas field development and construction and environmental impact”, the project drilling exhaust pollutant emissions are given in Table 4.1-2. Table 4.1-2 Drilling exhaust emissions estimate table Item SO2 NOX CO Emission factor （kg/t diesel） 2.3477 23.1761 7.2455 Single well emissions（kg） 37.56 370.82 115.93 Total emissions（t） 12.43 123.85 38.37 Drilling of 323 wells will be implemented in three years, each well drilling period is set at about 30 days, single well emission is 37.56kg SO2, 370.82kg 7 NOX, the area ambient air quality is good, with slightly weak impact of drilling process on ambient air. 2.Production exhaust Gas trial production is performed after completion, trial production gas emission is unstable, a large amount of CBM is emitted. Considering methane greenhouse gas equal to 21-fold CO2, CBM is burned by flaring, as CBM does not contain H2S，exhaust is mainly CO2, with slightly weam impact ambient air. Construction dust affected range can generally be controlled within 50m of the construction site. Drilling is more than 100m from the village, so drilling process has no impact on residents. 3. Mitigation measures ⑴Diesel engine fuel selects clean fuel oil. ⑵During trial production period, CBM is burned through flaring. ⑶Construction dust is controlled by sprinkling water. 4.1.1.4 Solid waste environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Solid waste during construction includes slurry, waste drill, rock debris and domestic garbage. 1. Drilling slurry Drilling slurry consists of water-based slurry and oil-based slurry, drilling slurry is recycled, drilling a well may leave 20-30 m3 drilling slurry, main componenets are drilling fluid and rock debris, and 323 wells will generate about 6,460-9,690 m3 slurry. 8 Anti-seepage slurry pool is built near the well, curing agent is added for curing after completion, covered by 50 cm loess before reclaim. Each slurry pool has a capacity of 50 m3. 2.Waste drill Waste drills are handled by the builder. According to the area exploration well trial drilling, drill loss was not found, tough control of drills will not have any impact on environment. 3.Rock debris One well generates about 60-70m3 rock debris, with main componenets of silicate and carbonate. The project builds 323 gas wells and generates 19,380-22,610 m3 rock debris. Drilling rock debris is piled up in the anti-seepage rock debris pool in the wellsite, the pool is covered with 50cm-thick loess after completion before reclaim. 4. Domestic garbage One well drilling needs about 20 construction personnel, construction period is 20d, and about 0.2 t/well domestic garbage will be generated. Wellsite domestic garbage does not have major impact on environment after calssifed collection and central handling as required, but in case of slack management, especially in wind, light garbage such as waste paper and plastics will rise with wind, scattering on the ground or suspending on the shrub, affecting sanitation. In case of heavy rain, garbage will be flushed away if not appropriately piled up, thus affecting surrounding soil environment. Rotten garbage due to weather will not only affect sanitation and appearance of the surrounding environment, but also generate stink and garbage liquid may affect local groundwater. Generated domestic garbage, after concentrated collection, is hauled to Zhengzhuang town domestic garbage handling station for treatment. 9 4.1.1.5 Acoustic environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures 1. Acoustic environmental impact analysis Drilling noise mainly stems from drilling diesel engines, drilling pumps and excavators, bulldozers, etc, noise levels of all construction equipment are given in Table 4.1-3. Table 4.1-3 Construction plant noise level dB(A) Construction plant Sound level power dB（A） large diesel enginse for drilling 90-105 Large drilling pumps 70-85 Excavators 100-110 bulldozers 80-90 Agitators 100-110 Analog data show noise level is around 62.3dB(A) 1m of the wellsite operation area (50m of the derrick center), around 55dB(A) 115m of the derrick center. Noise impact value surrounding the wellsite at various distances during drilling is given in Table 4.1-4. Table 4.1-4 Noise impact value surrounding the wellsite at various distances Distance from the derrick 50 70 100 120 140 160 200 (m) Noise impact value dB(A) 62.3 59.4 56.3 54.7 53.4 52.2 50.2 As apparent from the table data, noise value 70m of the derrick reaches the day and night limit in type 2 area criteria in “Noise emission standards at the boundary of industrial enterprises” （GB12348-2008） , noise value 200m of the derrick basically meets the night criteria. During fracturing process after drilling completion, engineering vehicles operate on the ground in a concentrated way, noise manly stems from 10 equipment providing power and vehicles, analog data show the boundary noise is 82.4 dB(A), beyond the evaluation standard of 22.4 dB(A) ，but fracturing process is generally short and will not cause impact. Acoustic environmental impact point distribution is given in Table 4.1-5. Table 4.1-5 List of noise sensitive points Cummunity Nearest distance（m） Cummunity Nearest distance（m） Mayi 270 Libi 400 Dalaogou 670 Changbo 1100 Qianbangou 500 Dongzhuang 100 From community distribution and wellsite distribution in the gasfield, residents in six villages will not be affected by drilling noise either during the day or at night. 4.1.1.6 Soil environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Drilling impact on soil: ground leveling before drilling, destroying owellsiteinal soil structure, drilling slurry seepage affects soil composition. Surface soil can be excavated by stratification and piled up by area during ground leveling for drilling, it helps reclaim after construction completion; drilling slurry pool goes through anti-seepage treatment and thus will not cause impact on soil. 4.1.1.7 Ecological environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures The project gasfield development area is about 50 km2，design wells reach 323, wellsite plot area is 196,275 m2；considering construction site impact during construction period, total affected area will be 203,835 m2， including 196,275 m2 permanent land occupation and 7,560 m2 temporary land occupation. 11 1. Analysis of impact on natural ecosystem From the ecosystem status survey of the proposed 323 wells drilling project area, regional biomes are composed of common species and widespread species, key species are Platycladus orientalis, Robinia pseudoacacia, Pinus tabulaeformis Carr, Bothriochloa, Setaria, Salsola, Lavandulaefolia, Artemisia brachyloba Franch and Artemisia, etc. For ecological environmental impact, ground leveling destroys surface vegetations, and day and night construction of a large quantity of construction workers will bring impact on regional terrestrial widelife activities. For the above possible impacts, strengthening management, preventing construction workers from random hunting, especially eliminating poaching in the middle and low mountains, will not bring obvious impact on ecological composition and biodiversity. With construction completion, ecological recovery of excavated surface and temporary land, improvement of project protection measures and demobilization of construction workers, their strong ecological impact will be terminated accordingly. Therefore, the key to prevent or mitigate unfavorable impact on ecosystem during construction is to design complete systematic protection works, take timely eco-recovery measures of temporary construction land, formulating construction workers’ code of behaviors and strengthening supervison and management measures. 2. Impact on productivity From the whole project area land use status analysis, the evaluation area is dominated by lo w-coverage grassland and dry-land, low-coverage grassland is background substrate of regional landscape structure and it dictates basic function snad dynamic trends of the landscape. 12 Vegetation biomass loss caused by the project land occupation is calculated as the following formula, calculatin result is given in Table 4.1-5. C 损= ∑ Qi ⋅ Si Where, C 损——total biomass loss value, kg; Qi——biological production of i species of vegetations, kg/mu; Si——land acrage of i species of vegetations occupied, mu. Table 4.1-6 Vegetation production loss estimate caused by the proposed project land occupation Vegetation type Land occupation（m2）Unit area biomass（g/m2·a） Loss （t） farmland 33551 650 21.81 Grassland 76438 500 38.22 Woodland 58174 600 34.90 Other unused land 35672 - - Total 203835 - 94.93 From the above table, vegetation biomass loss caused by the drilling works land occupation is about 94.93t/a，including 21.81t, 38.22t and 34.90t biomass loss caused by farmland, low coverage grassland and woodland occupation respectively. Adjustment and protection functions of the regional ecosystem are determined by the regional natural vegetations status, with constructionperiod impact obviously greater than operation period. In addition to line construction impact during construction, pipeline spoinl ground, construction road and other temporary land occupation cause local regional vegetations destruction, further declining vegetation coverage and unfavorable impact on ecosystem functions. Tehreofre, i=timely recovery of spoil ground, construction camps and other 13 temporary land can effectively assuage impact on regiona ecosystem functions. 3. Analysis of impact of project land occupation on agricultural environment Occupied farmland is all temporary land occupation, whose impact ton local agricultural ecosystem is temporary. Based on pipeline regional agricultural production conditions, the following issues should be paid attention to during the project construction: Project construction impact on agricultural production can be divided into indirect impact and direct impact. Indirect impact tof the pipeline construction can be positive by boosting economic development, but it is hard to estimate the impact extent; direct impact can be estimated by estimating acgricultural production loss from reduction of production area. Dirct economic loss estimate can be derived from the following formula: Economic loss = reduction of production area × unit area output × market unit price =market unit price × reduction of production area × total output/total production area = production area loss rate × total output × market unit price = production area loss rate × total output Agricultural loss caused by the drilling works construction land occupation is temporaty, which can be estimated as per 3 years (2 years for recovery and 1 year for construction) as shown in Table 4.1-7. 14 Table 4.1-7 Agricultural economic impact estimate Unit area Yearly economic loss Item Farmland occupied（m2） Annual output（RMB/hm2） （RMB10,000） Drilling 33551 4800 1.61 From the above table, drilling construction period causes RMB16,100/yer agricultural economic loss. 4.1.1.8 Analysis of impact on nature reserve Yanshan Nature Reserve is about 350m of the project gasfield boundary and 2.73 km of the project nearest wellsite, so drilling works will not cause impact on Yanshan Nature Reserve. 4.1.1.9 Analysis of impact on cultural relics The three cultural relics – Wangzhuang Dragon King Temple, Zhangzhuang Niuwang Temple and Zhangzhuang Attic – are 220m, 340m and 340m of the nearest project proposed wellsite. From the joint reconnaissance meeting minutes of Qinshui county government departments dated January 24, 2013, the selected site of the proposed wellsite is agreed in principle. As the above three cultural relics are far from the wellsite (more than 200m), drilling generated exhaust and noise, etc will not cause impact on them. 4.1.1.10 Analysis of impact on woodland From Table 3.13-1 and Table 3.13-2, the project wellsite occupied woodland area totals 251.99 mu, making up 0.131‰ of the county forest area, 0.34% of the gasfield area, and about 1.18% of the forest area in the gasfield range, including 58.35 mu permanent occupation and 193.64 mu temporary occupation. During drilling construction, wellsite leveling and spud works will destroy the occupied 251.99 woodland. Forest species in the gasfield range are largely Pinus tabulaeformis Carr, juniper and Robinia pseudoacacia, sparsely distributed are oak, poplar, willow, chaste tree, etc., there are no State 15 protected rare tree species and wild animals, therefore drilling construction will not affect rare species. Mitigation measures: 1. Wellsite selection generally dodged dense forest and targeted shrub forest and secondary forest area as candidates. 2. The builder is required not to harvest forest during the wellsite construction period. Timely reforestation is required after construction completion. 4.1.1.11 Analysis of impact on villages within the gasfield range The nearest village to the wellsite in the gasfield range is Zhangzhuang, 100m away. From the above analysis, the largest impact drilling may cause on villages is noise and Zhangzhuang noise value during day and at night can meet type 2 criteria in the “Noise emission standard at the boundary of industrial enterprises” （GB12348-2008）. 4.1.2 Gas-gathering station site 4.1.2.1 Groundwater impact analysis and mitigation measures Zheng 5 gas-gathering station foundation excavation depth is less than 5m without destroying underground aquifers, construction does not discharge effulent and does not pollute underground aquifers, so Zheng 5 gas-gathering station construction has no impact on groundwater. 4.1.2.2 Surface water impact analysis and mitigation measures Main drainage during construction is construction process components, flushing and construction workers’ small amount of sewage, etc, which are naturally evaporated after concentrated collection with very small impact on water environment. Key pollutants are COD, BOD5 and SS. 16 1. Impact of construction material transport and pile-up on water environment Construction material transport will cause raising dust and construction dust will have some effect on surface water. Further, some construction materials such as asphalt, oil and chemical substances will cause water environmental pollution, if not kept properly and washed by rain. 2. Impact of construction camp sewage on water environment Zheng 5 gas-gathering station water pollution source during construction is largely sewage of construction workers, and key pollutants in the sewage are BOD, SS and NH3-N. 3. Mitigations measures ⑴Reasonable pile-up of construction materials, take blockage measures, cover construction materials during rainy season to prevent rain impact. ⑵Build construction wastewater holding pond to collect construction wastewater, which is used for construction material agitation after precipitation. ⑶Build sewage holding pond to collect sewage of construction workers, which is periodically hauled by he sanitation sector to the designated site for treatment. 4.1.2.3 Atmospheric environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Impact on ambient air during construction is largely represented in impact on environment by construction raising dust and secondary raising dust, mainly including the following aspects: 1. Construction material transport will cause raising dust, if no effective cover means is taken. 17 2. Random pile-up of construction materials such as sand, cement and limestone without fense will generate secondary dust. 3. Mixer agitating concrete and mortar during construction will cause dispersion of cement dust. 4. Ground leveling and earthwork, and subsequent destruction of surface vegetations and farmland of construction site and along the pipeline, bare soil will produce dust in case of wind. Temporary earth dumps will cause effect on construction living area, if selected upwind. 2. Cleaning of construction garbage produces dust. Construction will increase TSP concentration in local area ambient air; analog survey shows construction site surface soil may rise in heavy wind and its affected range may entend 50m of the construction site edge. Excess powder concentration will severely affect surrounding ambient air quality and affect normal life of residents and construction workers. Mitigation measures: 1. In case of unbalanced excavation and backfill, the builder should properly gandle surplus earth to avoid contamination to surrounding environment. 2. Cover constructin powder material to prevent dust, and control dust by sprinkling the ground in dry and windy weather. Construction team living area should be located upwind the construction area. 4.1.2.4 Solid waste environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Solid waste generated from construction acitivits largely consist of construction waste, rejected earth,stone and scraps and a small amount of doemsic garbage. 18 Zheng 5 gas-gathering station site is relatively flat, earthwork ad stonework are used for leveling. Project construction produces about 10t domestic garbage, which is held by collection bins to be hauled by local sanitation department to the domestic garbage handling ground for treatment. Mitigation measures: 1. Construction waste is recycled, unrecyclable waste is hauled to the designated construction garbage treatment ground. 2. Collected domestic garbage is transported to Zhengzhuang town domestic garbage landfill for treatment. 4.1.2.5 Acosutic environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Construction noise mainly stems from machinery and plant on the construction site and material transport. Construction period is divided into: earthwork stage, foundation stage, structutre stge and equipment installation stage. Large equipment mainly consists of excavators, bulldozers, loaders, hammers, tampingmachines, cranes, etc.. As construction period generally involves outdoor working, these construction plant noises may cause impact on the surrounding environment. Construction plant noise levels are between 85～100dB(A). According to analog of other construction sites, sound levels of construction site noise source at various distances are given in Table 4.1-8. 1. Boundary noise According to “Construction site boundary noise limits”, construction site boundary dytime noise limits are 70～75dB(A)，night noise limits are 55dB(A)， during foundation stage hammers are forbidden from night construction. From Table 6.1-8, night impact distance is about 60m, night impact distance is about 210m except hammers, therefore the project construction site boundary noise limits meet the standard. 19 Table 4.1-8 Sound levels of construction site noise source at various distances Unit: dB(A) Noise levels at various distances Constr Main noise Noise uction source level 40m 60m 80m 100m 200m 400m stage Earth Bulldozers, and excavators, 92～102 60～72 56～66 54～64 52～62 46～56 40～50 stone transport vehicles Found Hammers 112～122 80～90 76～86 74～84 72～82 66～76 60～70 ation Concrete mixer 92～102 60～70 56～66 54～64 52～62 46～56 40～50 Struct ure Concrete vibrator 87～97 55～65 51～61 59～69 47～57 41～51 35～45 Electric welding, Install drilling and 77～87 45～51 41～51 39～49 37～47 31～41 25～35 ation hammering and carpenter‘s plane 2. Surrounding sensitive points As apparent from Table 4.1-8, during foundation stage hammers are forbidden from night construction, 210m during the day and 350m at night can meet the type 1 area standard requirement of the “Acoustic ambient noise standard” （GB3098-2008）. Zheng 5 gas-gathering station is more than 500m of the village community, so construction has no impact on residents’ living. Mitigation measures: Under the condition of meeting construction requirements, select small-noise construction machinery, construction machinery noise limits meet the construction machinery noise requirements. 4.1.2.6 Ecological environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Zheng 5 gas-gathering station ecolgical environmental impact during construc ton is mainly represented in land requisition, land excavation will 20 destroy owellsiteinal surface vegetations and cause new water and soil loss, and taking and rejecting soil will produce damaging impact on the ecological enrionment. Construction site excavation will cause disturbance to land and cause water and soil loss, but only limited to the site. Zheng 5 gas-gathering station permanent land occupation reaches 6,213 m2. Temporary land requisition is not required during construction and construction is done on the industrial site, when construction is completed, water conservation measures and ecological compenstionmeasures such as site hardening and reforestation and slope protection will be adopted so that the ecolgical environment will be recovered. Mitigation measures: 1. For foundation excavation, surface soil is excavated by layer and piled up by division, construction slash surface will be covered after construction, favorable to growth of lawn and reforestation tress species. 2. Strictly control construction boundaries and prohibit destruction of vegetations outside the land requisition range. 4.1.2.7 Nature reserve impact analysis Zheng 5 gas-gathering station is 4.5 km of Yanshan Nature Reserve, and the station construction will not cause any impact on Yanshan Nature Reserve. 4.1.2.8 Cultural relics impact analysis Zheng 5 gas-gathering station is 1.80km 、 1.75km 和 1.85km from Wangzhuang Dragon King Temple, Zhangzhuang Jiuwang Tempe and Zhangzhuang Attic, three cultural relics and the station construction will not cause any impact on the above cultural relics. 21 4.1.2.9 Woodland impact analysis Zheng 5 gas-gathering station site is not woodland and its construction will not cause any impact on the woodland. 4.1.2.10 Analysis of impact on villages within the gasfield range Zheng 5 gas-gathering station is 2.2km of Zhangzhuang, the nearest village within the gasfield range and its construction will not cause any impact on gteh village. 4.1.3 Gas production and gathering grid The project gas-gathering branch line is 8.83km long from northwest to southeast and it is completed by PetroChina, without construction period environmental impact. The project pipeline works is construction of 80km gas production pipeline. 4.1.3.1 Groundwater impact analysis and mitigation measures The gas line design bury depth is 1.1m (pipe bottom), pipe canal digging depth is 1.3m, hence no impact on groundwater. 4.1.3.2 Surface water impact analysis and mitigation measures The gas pipeline does not cross the river, hence no impact on surface water. 4.1.3.3 Atmosphere environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Impact on ambient air during construction is largely represented in impact on environment by construction raising dust and secondary raising dust, during pipe laying, surface vegetations and farmland are destroyed, bare soil will produce dust in case of wind; Random pile-up of construction materials such as sand, cement and limestone without fense will generate secondary dust. 22 Construction will increase TSP concentration in local area ambient air. Cover measures are taken in windy season to reduce dust. 4.1.3.4 Solid waste environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Gas pipe bury will produce spoil. The project gas production pipeline is 80km long, spoil is about 0.2m3/m, as it involves a small number of cubic meters, it can be landfilled in the depression. Pipe is laid lon the terrain, as it has no channel works, no considerable earthwork is involved. Sewage of construction workers is collected in the camps, about 50t, after centralized collection, it is hauled to the domestic garbage handling ground for treatment. 4.1.3.5 Acoustic environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Construction noise mainly stems from machinery and plant on the construction site and material transport. The project construction perod at this stage is earthwork stage. Large equipment mainly consists of excavators, bulldozers, cranes, etc.. As construction period generally involves outdoor working, these construction plant noises may cause impact on the surrounding environment. Construction plant noise levels are between 85～100dB(A). According to analog of other construction sites, daytime impact distance is about 60, and night impact distance is about 210m except hammers. Mitigation measures: Night construction is forbidden in 200m near the village. 23 4.1.3.6 Ecological environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Ecolgical environmental impact of the project gas production pipeline construction is mainly represented in: destruction of owellsiteinal vegetations by the project temporary land occupation, soil disturbance, impact on wild animals and soil biological environment. Given 60 range of the construction affected vegetations, the project pipeline construction affected vegetations area is 48.0 hm2. according to the project area land use status, 202,376 m2 farmland, 12,834 m2 woodland and 264790hm2 unused land will be affected. Vegetations biomass loss caused by the project land occupation is calculated from the following formula, and calculation result is given in Table 4.1-9. C 损= ∑ Qi ⋅ Si Where, C 损——total biomass loss value, kg; Qi——biological production of i species vegetations, kg/mu; Si——Land area occupying i species vegetations, mu. Table 4.1-9 Estimates of production loss baused by the proposed project land occupation Vegetation type Occupation （m2） （g/( m2·a)） Loss （t） Farmland 202376 650 131.54 Woodland 12834 600 7.70 Unused land 264790 - - Total 480000 - 139.24 24 As apparent from the above table, the pipeline land occupation leads to about 139.24t/a production loss, including 131.54t 和 7.70t production loss caused by farmland and woodland occupation. Impact on agricultural production can be divided into indirect impact and direct impact. Indirct impact of the pipeline construction can be positive by boosting economic development, but impact extent is inestimable, while direct impact may estimate agricultural and forestry production loss from reduction of production area. Agricultural loss caused by the pipeline construction is temporary, given 3-year (2-year recovery and 1-year construction) loss estimation; agricultural economic impact loss is given in Table 4.1-10. Table 4.1-10 Agricultural economic impact estimates Unit area Yearly economic loss 2 Item Farmland area （m ） Yearly output value （RMB10,000） （RMB/hm2） Pipeline works 202376 4800 9.71 As apparent from the table, the pipeline construction will cause RMB97,100/year agricultural economic loss, given three years, it will cause about RMB291,300 loss. During the pipeline construction, pipe canal cutting severes anial activity route, survey shows there are common animal species in the project construction area, the project construction period is short, the affected range works on a sub-regional basis, underground laying always applies, the road activity route will not be severed after construction completion. Construction boundaries should be controlled wellsiteorously during construction, hunting is prohibited to avoid destroying ecological balance. Mitigation measures: during pipeline excavation, surface soil should be excavated by layer and piled up separately to be backfilled by layer after 25 construction completion; strinctly control construction boundaries; protect and utilize owellsiteinal forest shrubs, persist in the “matching site with trees” principle, scientifically conduct vegetations and reforestation construction, based on forest site conditions, select plant species suitable for planting, and pay attention to species mix of grass, shrubs and trees as well as combination of short, medium andlong –term benefits. Based on local conditions, combine bioloigcal measures with engineering measures, try to be adaptable, economical and good-looking, act as environmental protection and environmental beautification. 4.1.3.7 Nature reserve impact analysis The project gas production pipeline is 2.7km of Yanshan Nature Reserve in the nearest distance, so its construction will not impact on the Nature Reserve. 4.1.3.8 Cultural relics impact analysis The gas production pipeline has similar distance with Wangzhuang Dragon King Temple, Zhangzhuang Jiuwang Tempe and Zhangzhuang Attic to distance the wellsite has with the said relics, so its construction will not cause any impact on the above cultural relics. 4.1.3.9 Woodland impact analysis The gas production pipeline diameter is DN63-DN273.1, bury depth of 1.1m (pipe bottom), pipe canal digging depth of 1.3m, avoid dense forest area during construction, select sparse forest area for construction and do not harvest forest, make timely reforestation after construction completion, with these measures adopted, the gas production pipeline construction will not cause impact on the woodland. 26 4.1.4 Road works Road works include 4.141km pitted road and 70,954m access road, the pitted road uses Libi village existing road without need to dig, only pavement hardening is required. The pitted road subgrade is 4.0m wide and pavement is 3.0m wide, the pavement is 18cm concrete + cement stabilized macadam + natural gravel; the access road is 3.0m wide, with hardened pavement, compaction treatment is required from pavement use requirement, local natural environment and climate conditions and geological conditions, compaction coefficient is no less than 0.95, the acces road will be kept as permanent road after construction completion. 4.1.4.1 Groundwater impact analysis and mitigation measures Road works has no channel, excavation will not destroy underground quifer, hence no impact on groundwater. 4.1.4.2 Surface water impact analysis and mitigation measures Construction period should dodge rainy season, pay attention to natural river conservation, without reducing wetted cross-section, withoutblocking or cutting off the flow; remove construction garbage after bridge completion and restitute the river. Pay attention to construction material gap with the channel, select pile-up site downstream the channel and away from the channel, build circular trench and seepage pit on the pile-up site to prevent overflow, thus polluting water. Living camps of construction workers should kept off the channel, and directly draining domestic sewage into the channel is forbidden. Oil sewage of construction plant will enter the water, and may cause river oil concentration excess. Management should be strengthened during construction and take strict precautions. If domestic sewage and garbage of construction workers during construction are directly discharged into the river, the water will be 27 contaminated. According to survey, main sites to produce domestic sewage and garbage during construction are construction administration area and construction base. Therefore, the construction administration area and construction base need to dry toilet and domestic garbage centralized pile-up sites so that sewage can be used in agricultural irrgination and fertilizer application after centralized collection and domestic garbage can be treated in a centralized way. Improper care of construction materials and rain washing into water, causing water contamination. Therefore, pile-up site should be far away from civilian water wells and rivers and be provided with temporary shelter canvas. As the area has very strong river season and moderate flow, the riverbed wetted section will not be compressed to form local backwater before bridge due to bridge construction, and subsequent flow slowdown and sediment settling; discharge velocity will not grow sharply, thus causing local washing. 4.1.4.3 Air environmentalimpact analysis and mitigation measures Road construction impact on surrounding air is largely dust pollution. Road construction dust mainly takes place in cement and earth agitation section well as well dust from transport vehicles and road machinery operation on the construction site, so that dust rises and contaminates construction site and surrounding environment. Compare TSP monitoring result surrounding the cement and earch mixing site, TSP concentration in ambient air may reach 1.0 mg/m3, 50m of the cement and earch mixing site; TSP concentration is , 100m near the cement and earch mixing plant on the storage yard, the concentration may reach 1.0 mg/m3 at 150m. TSP contamination on the road is pimarily caused by secondary dust during vehicle transport, the affected range is within 100m. Mitigation measures: Take sprinkling measure to effectively control dust. 28 4.1.4.4 Solid waste environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Solid waste generated from the 4.141km pittd road and the 70,954m access road is mainly surplus earthwork from digging and filling balance and domestic garbage produced by construction workers. The 4.141km pittd road is divided into three section, design standard is cement concrete pavement, road is widened from the owellsiteinal earth road. The 70,954m access road applies digging inside and filling outside, excavation is about 207,400 m3，filling is 213,600 m3，7,000 m3 earth is transferred from the wellsite and access road, spoil is 800 m3. There is not considerable spoil, access road is long, evening can be used for applicable ground by section, hence no spoil ground. Domestic garbage production is 10t. Mitigation measures: 1. Collected domestic garbage is transported to Zhengzhuang town domestic garbage station for treatment. 4.1.4.5 Acosutic environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures The proposed road construction site noise mainly stems from road building plant operation and transport vehicles. Noise levels and attenuation with distance are given in Table 4.1-11. Table 4.1-11 Main construction plant noise level Unit:dB(A) Distance from construction site （m） Machinery 5 10 20 40 60 80 100 150 Loaders 90 84 78 72 68.5 66 64 61.6 Graders 90 84 78 72 68.5 66 64 61.6 Bulldozers 86 80 74 68 64.5 62 60 56.5 29 Distance from construction site （m） Machinery 5 10 20 40 60 80 100 150 Excavators 84 78 72 66 62.5 60 58 54.5 Pavers 85 79 73 67 63.5 61 59 55.6 Mixing plant 87 81 75 69 65.5 63 61 57.5 Bulldozers 86 80 74 68 64.5 62 60 56.5 According to the “Construction site boundary ambient noise emission standard” （GB12523-2011）, construction site boundary daytime noise limit is 70dB，night noise limit is 55dB. The table noise level shows construction plant noise level 40m outside the construction site during day meet the standard value, while at 150m of the construction site at night exceeds the standard. The table also shows road construction plant noise at 5m generally exceeds 80dB，some reaches 90dB, and these noses have great damage to plant operators. Pursuant to the “Industrial enterprise noise sanitation standard” (Table 4.1-12) published by the Ministry of Health and the State Labor Bureau, the builder is recommended to arrange rotating operation of machinery by operators to reduce operator’s time of exposure to high noise; meanwhile, pay attention to machine maintenance to enable road building plant to maintain the lowest noise level; ear plugs shold be distributed to workers long working near the noise source for protection. Table 4.1-12 Industrial enterprise noise sanitation standard Noise exosure time for each worker（h） Allowable noise dB(A) 8 85 4 88 2 91 1 94 Road construction vehicle noise and construction plant noise will have unfavorable impact on sensitive pipeline environment, construction plant noise 30 level 50m outside the construction site may reach the standard in GB12523-2011, so the proposed road construction will have impact on villagers within 50m of the road centerline. Mitigation measures: 1. The builder periodically rotates road plant operators to reduce their high noise exposure time, well maintain plants so that they maintain the lowest noise level; stagger arrangement of high noise and low noise operations. Ear plugs shold be distributed to workers long working near the noise source for protection. 2. Road construction is arranged between 6:00 ～ 22:00, and night （22:00～6:00） construction is forbidden within 15m of the pipeline with sensitive points. 3. Machinery for fixed use, such as mixer, should be arranged 150m outside the community. 4.1.4.6 Ecological environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures The 70954m access road land occupation area is 397,652 m2, land type is farmland and non-farmland, temporary occupation amounts to 89,544 m2, permanent occupation to 308,108 m2. Retained access road length is 70954m after construction ， making up 308,108 m2 ， land type is farmland and non-farmland; farmland area is 37,077 m2，while non-farmland area is 271,031 m2. The 4.141km pitted road totally uses existing earth road for revamption without land requisition. Vegetation biomass loss is calculated from the following formula, and calculation result in given in table 4.1-13. C 损= ∑ Qi ⋅ Si 31 Where, C 损——total biomass loss value, kg; Qi——biological production of i species of vegetations, kg/mu; Si——land acrage of i species of vegetations occupied, mu. Table 4.1-13 Vegetation biomass loss estimate caused by the proposed project land occupation Vegetation type Land occupation（m2）Unit area biomass（g/m2·a） Loss （t） Farmland 37077 650 24.10 Non-farmland 271031 500 135.52 Total 308108 - 159.62 From the above table, production loss caused by the road works land occupation is about 159.62t/a，including 24.10 t/a and 135.52 t/a production loss caused by farmland and non-farmland occupation respectively. Impact on agricultural production can be divided into indirect impact and direct impact. Indirct impact of the road construction can be positive by boosting economic development, but impact extent is inestimable, while direct impact may estimate agricultural production loss from reduction of production area. The road will be permanent after construction and agricultural economic impact loss is given in Table 4.1-13. Table 4.1-13 Agricultural economic impact estimate Unit area Yearly economic loss 2 Item Farmland area （m ） Yearly output value （RMB10,000） （RMB/hm2） Road works 37077 4800 26.70 As apparent from the table, the road construction will cause RMB 267,000/year agricultural economic loss. 32 Road construction severes anial activity route, survey shows there are common animal species in the project construction area, the project construction is implemented by phases, road has no closed fense facilities and will not have any impact on animal activity route after construction. 4.1.4.7 Nature reserve impact analysis The project proposed road is 2.4km of Yanshan Nature Reserve in the nearest distance, so the access road construction will not impact on the Nature Reserve. 4.1.4.8 Cultural relics impact analysis Wangzhuang Dragon King Temple, Zhangzhuang Jiuwang Tempe and Zhangzhuang Attic, three cultural relics, are 200m, 220m and 270m of the nearest access road, so the access road construction will not cause any impact on the above cultural relics. 4.1.4.9 Woodland impact analysis As apparent from Table 3.13-1 and Table 3.13-2, the project access road occupies 379.14 mu woodland, 0.196‰ of the county-wise woodland area, 0.50% of the gasfield area and 1.77% of woodland area within the gasfield range; permanent land occupation amounts to 249.38 mu, while temporary land occupation amounts to 129.76 mu. The access road construction will cause destruction to 379.14 mu woodland. Forest species within the project gasfield range are largely Pinus tabulaeformis Carr, juniper and Robinia pseudoacacia, sparsely distributed are oak, poplar, willow, chaste tree, etc., none of State protected rare tree species; therefore, the road works construction will not impact on rare species. Mitigation measures: 33 1. During the access road site selection period, dodge dense woodland, select shrub area and secondary woodland as the proposed road. 2. During the access road construction period, the builder is demanded not harvest forest. Timely reforestation after construction is required. 4.1.4.10 Analysis of impact on villages within the gasfield range Of the six villages within the gasfield range, Zhangzhuang, Qianbangou and Libi are the nearest villages to the proposed access road, 130m, 70m and 100m respectively. The access road construction near these villages will cause some waste gas and noise impact on the said villages. Mitigation measures: 1. When the access road construction approaches the villages, water sprinking should be done more often to reduce dust on the construction site. 2. Road construction is arranged between 6:00～22:00, night (22:00-6:00) is forbidden to prevent noise disturbing residents. 4.1.5 Power transmission works 4.1.5.1 Groundwater impact analysis and mitigation measures The power transmission line pole base digging is not deep and will not destroy groundwater aquifer, hence no impact on groundwater. 4.1.5.2 Surface water impact analysis and mitigation measures The power transmission line is overhead laying and ple base is not near the river, hence no impact on surface water. 34 4.1.5.3 Atmosphere environmentalimpact analysis and mitigation measures Impact on ambient air during construction is largely represented in impact on environment by construction raising dust and secondary raising dust produced from pole base digging and earth pipe-up. Mitigation measures: 1. Earth stock slope is preferably not too large, sprinkling earth pileup on the open in windy weather. 2.Take cover measures in windy season to reduce dust; construction is forbidden in heavy wind. 3. Make sprinkling more frequent agsint site dust in the pole base construction area with concentrated excavation to reduce dust. 4. When the pole base construction area approaches villages or communities nearby, construction exclosure should be set up. 4.1.5.4 Solid waste environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Surface soil and deep soil generated from the pole base digging are piled up separately, during backfilling, first deep soil and then surface soil are backfilled, surplus mature soil are leveled and compacted around the tower base, with timely reforestation after construction completion. Collected domestic garbage of construction workers is transported to Zhengzhuang town domestic garbage station for treatment. 35 4.1.5.5 Acosutic environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures The construction site noise mainly stems from various machinery and plant and tower base material transport. Construction equipment noise level during construction is between 85～100dB(A). according to analog of other construction sites, daytime affected distance is about 60m, and night affected distance is about 21m except hammers. Mitigation measures: 1. Night construction is forbidden when construction approaches the villages (200m). 2. Reasonally arrange construction time, optimize construction techniques and apply low-noise construction machinery and plant. 4.1.5.6 Ecological environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Transmission construction will occupy some land, may destroy owellsiteinal landforms and surface vegetations and may increase local water and soil loss; construction activities may cause disturbance and destruction to living environment of local wild animals. Mitigation measures: 1. Transmission line strike should be optimized during design to reduce land area and dodge villages and residents’ living quarters and dense woodland. 2. Depth-span is applied to woodland crossed by the transmission lines and tree felling is reduced for line construction. 3. The tower foundation uses cast-in-place pile to reduce excavation area and thus reduce vegetation destruction. 36 4. Construction should dodge rainy season and windy weather to reduce water and soil loss. 5. Strengthen education to construction workers, enhance environmental management during construction, strictly control construction boundaries, standardize construction behabior, and prohibit hunting of wild animals. 4.2 Operation period environmental impact analysis and assessment 4.2.1 Environmental impact analysis during the drilling works operation and mitigations Environmental impact during the drilling works operation period is mainly represented in environmental impact of production drainage and environmental impact of drilling on landscape, the two aspects will receive concentrated analysis during operation period. 4.2.1.1 Water environmental impact analysis Since CBM is stored in coalbed micropores in the form of physical adsorption, adsorption means to reduce pressure gas will change. For CBM, it is mainly through dehydration and step-down that the goal is achieved. Once gas is adsorbed from coal magtrix, it will be scattered into the cleat system and will flow into the production well in line with Darcy’s law, all production operations are conducted pursuant to the principle. The project applies hydrofracturing method. With the method, a large amount of liquid and sand is pumped into the well hole with high pressure, liquid opens up cracks in coal one after another, when liqid drains, sand is retained to keep cracks open, formed cracks filled with proppant provide passage for water and gas to flow to the well hole, thus substantially improving CBM production. CBM exploitation mainly pumps out coalbed water. Only coalbed water preliminarily pumped 37 contains active water. Due to a little production wastewater from one gas well and coalbed water is aquifer without water supply in the aea, pumping is favorable to safety during coalfield exploitation. Active water is water and trace element additive when coalbed is fractured during construction. Single well needs 100～500m3 active water depending on coalbed occurrence, which is drained to the surface during drainage without adding pollution in between, therefore coalbed water drainage has no major adverse impact on groundwater environment in the assessment area. Typically, there is aquitards between coal stratum aquifer and overburden loose rock aquifer without hydraulic commection. During drilling operation, mesh is set aside on the target horizon to facilitate CBM drainage, casing should be closed on the rest horizons, and hydraulic connection between the aquifer and the aquitards will not change. CBM drainage has small import on groundwater environment. Pumping for drainage change to the groundwater is calculated from the following formula: 1. Under the maximum inflow calculation formula: Q=q×s Where, Q——inflow, m3/d； S——decrease depth of water level, m； Q——Unit gushing, L/s·m. 2. Affected radius calculation formula R = 10 S K Where, R——affected radius, m; S——decrease depth of water level, m； 38 K——Permeability coefficient, m/d. Water quantity of all aquifers and its impact range are calculated separately in line with geologicaldata. Detains are given in Table 4.2-1. Table 4.2-1 Water quantity and impact range calculation result table. Permability W.L. decrease Inflow Impact aquifer Unit inflow（L/s·m） coefficient depth（m） （m3/d） radius（m） （m/d） Shanxi 0.0011 31.6 0.0073 3 27 formation Dewatered water quantity for Shanxi formation after production is 3m3/d， and impact range is 27m. After production, dewatering and drainage, groundwater line distribution surrounding the mining field will be changed, the water line within 27m of the drilling mining area will be broken and missing, somewhat lowering of water table will take place, forming precipitation funnel centering on the mining area, groundwater fow field will be reintegrated in distribution. However for a considerable period after mining, groundwater table will be recovered slowly. When spacing of wells is less than impact radius, depth decrease and flow will see disturbance. Disturbance extenst is primarily affected by the quanity of well, spacing, well pattern configuration (and well structure). 4.2.1.2 Landscape environmental impact analysis Landscape is an overall ecological study unit composed in a certain form by ineracting inserts of various sizes. Wellsite arrange changes owellsiteinalnatural ecological landscape, the owellsiteinal landscale pattern wil be broken by moving drilling in the area from space. Open-through of all pre-drilling road cuts owellsiteinal inserts, habitat fragmentation index increases, living environment of al organisms is relatively independent, that is, with decline of connectivity and human activity expansion, it changes in front of the 39 ecological pattern of the block during operation, natural landscale will be replaced by artificial landscale, and drilling will become relatively eye-catching “environmental factor” in the construction area. Mitigation measures: Recover the owellsiteinal landform landscale after construction completion, drill should use landscale color harmonic to the natural landscale. 4.2.2 Gas-gathering station site Gas-gathering station site environmental impact during operation is mianly represented in the gas-gathering station producing domestic sewage and garbage. This section will describe from four aspects – water environmental impact, solid waste environmental impact, atmospheric environmental impact and acoustic environmental impact. 4.2.1.1 Water environmental impact analysis Water pollution factor during operation is largely sewage of the gas-gathering station. 1. Gas-gathering station Gas-gathering station has no bath room or water toilet, the station has one eco-toilet without wastewater discharge, drainage is largely from kitch and dinning room, only 0.5m3/d，one 2000×2000×1500mm evaporation pond may be provided for natural evaporation. 2. Drainage from all wellsites will enter the evaporation pond of the wellsite and then hauled by tank car to the pond treatment station for disposal, maximum drainage is 586.88m3/d，main pollutant is salt of high calcification, treated water meets level 1 discharge criteria of the “Sewage integrated discharge standard” （GB8978-1996）. 40 To understand pollutant components in drainage, the project uses operational drilling drainage for analysis, results are given in Table 4.2-2 Table 4.2-2 Drilling drainage monitoring result Groundwater quality Sewage integrated Air pump standard discharge standard Item percolation pit drainage (GB/T14848-93) (GB8978-1996) Class III Class I pH 8.70 8.53 6.5～8.5 6～9 Total hardness 43.7 45.8 450 Fluoride 8.92 9.30 1.0 10 Hexavalent 0.004 0.004 0.05 0.5 chromium Anionic detergents 0.069 0.064 0.3 Volatile phenol 0.002 0.002 0.002 0.5 Total bacteria 1.8×102 3.2×102 100 count (/mL) Iron 0.767 0.432 0.3 Sulfate 38.1 83 250 Mercury 1×10-5 1×10-5 0.001 Chloride 357 362 250 Nitrate nitrogen 0.029 0.236 20 Arsenic 0.009 0.007 0.05 0.5 cyanide 0.004 0.004 0.05 0.5 Nitrite nitrogen 0.003 0.012 0.02 Manganese 0.010 0.101 0.1 2.0 Total chloriforms ＞230 ＞230 3.0 (/L) Amonium nitrogen 0.025 0.025 0.2 25 Lead 0.020 0.020 0.05 1.0 Cadmium 0.005 0.005 0.01 0.1 Waer 14 temperature ℃ Sampling date 2007-11-07 41 By comparing pumping machine drainage, pH, fluoride, total bacteria count, iron, chloride, total chloroforms exceed Class III criteria of the “Groundwater quality standard” （GB/T14848-93）, direct seepage impacts on groundwater quality; the project builds anti-seepage evaporation pond, does not build sewage treatment station, sewage is hauled by tank car to the PetroChina oil and water treatment station for disposal. 4.2.1.2 Noise environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Zheng 5 gas-gathering site and LNG plant site are both typical rural areas. Acoustic environment is similar to LNG plant site and comparable. Predicted results of noise at the boundary of gas-gathering stations are given in Table 4.2-3. Table 4.2-3 Gas-gathering station boundary noise predictions Noise level Leq dB(A) Standard prediction location Day Night Test No. value and and name Backgrond Predictive Backgrond Predictive compliance value value value value 1# Northwest boundary 37.8 44.3 33.2 43.6 60/50 2# Northeast boundary 37.8 50.0 33.2 49.8 all 3# Southeast boundary 37.8 50.2 33.2 50.0 compliance 4# Southwest boundary 37.8 45.6 33.2 45.5 1#～4# predictive points are located on the surrounding boundaries of gas-gathering stations and apply Class II area criteria of “Noise emission standard at the boundary of industrial enterprises” （GB12348-2008）. From Table 4-2-5,daytime level of the gas-gathering station boundaries （1#～4# points） is between 44.3dB(A)～50.2dB(A), while night noise level is between 43.6dB(A)～50.0dB(A), both meeting Class II area criteria of “Noise emission standard at the boundary of industrial enterprises” （GB12348-2008） 42 4.2.1.3 Solid waste environmental impact Solid waste of Zheng 5 gas-gathering station includes slag from pigging and domestic garbage. Pigging operation slag ＜ 50kg/time, main component is FeS2 ， after centralized collection, it is delivered to the Jincheng Solid Waste Treatment Center for disposal. After centralized collection, domestic garbage is hauled to the local domestic garbage treatment station for disposal. Treated solid waste has no impact on environment. 4.2.1.4 Acosutic environmental impact analysis Main atmospheric pollution source of the site atmospheric environmental impact is one 24kW gas-fired double-function wall-mounted boiler, it consumes 2.31×104 m3/a CBM, generates about 27.73×104 m3/a waste gas. Pollutant emission is given in Table 4.2-4. Table 4.2-4 Atmospheric pollutant emission table Pollutant Flue gas Item Emission content （104 Nm3/a） Type Emissions (kg/a) (mg/Nm3) One 24kW Fume 40 11.09 gas-fired double-function 27.73 wall-mounted NOX 400 110.92 boiler Fule is CBM, CBM does not contain H2S，flue gas does not contain SO2， main pollutant is trace element fume and NO. Flue gas meets the emission limits. Mitigation measures: Gas-fired double-function wall-mounted boiler flue gas is emitted through the 8m-high chimney. 43 4.2.3 Gas production and gathering grid The gas production and gathering grid does not generate pollutants during operation and has no impact on environment. The pipe is laid underground, surface vegetations recovery is conducted after consumption completion, the pipe bury depth is more than 1m and has no impact on vegetations production, planting large trees within 5m of the pipeline is forbidden as tress roots affect normal operation of the pipeline. 4.2.4Road works Road serves to facilitate access to all stations and wellsites during operation and haul of drainage from the wellsite to the water treatment station. There is a very small traffic on the road, the pitted road uses cement pavement, vehicle run has no dust, the road to the wellsite is an earth road, treated drainage water can be used for sprinkling during operation to prevent dust. The access road is an earth road, storn may generate water and soil loss during operation, pay attention to recovery of loose surface vegetations after excavation. The road network facilitates activities of residents, the area is more affected by human activities, animal activity range will be rarrowed, wild animals will further decline. Meanwhile, the network destroys the owellsiteinal insert connectivity, thus increasing fragmentation. The owellsiteinal natural landscape environment will develop to artificial landscape and forma new ecological balance. 4.2.5Power transmission works During the power transmission line operation period, corona from bad weather will generate certain audible noise. Mitigation measures: Select reasonable line strike and path, dodge environment-sensitive points such as living quarters; through optimal design, select HV electric appliances and 44 conductors, increase equivalent radius of wires, select conductors checked as per no corona in fine days and reduce line corona and noise. Furthermore, frequency electric field and frequency magnetic field will be formed during power transmission or voltage conversion, electromagnetic radiation will be generated, impacting surrounding environment and residents, disturbing radio, affecting normal operation of radio communication, information technology and medical appliances in the surrounding environment. Mitigation measures: ① Use frequency electric field and frequency magnetic field and radio disturbance resistant devices and accessories, adopt necessary shield measures for big-power electromagnetic vibrator and collection sealing measures for orifince, opening and door sills and take equliazing measures for HV primary equipment. ②Increase shielded cable in a place with good shielding effect to avoid impact on the communication system. For domestic garbage and destruction to the ecosystem durng repair, maintenance personnel are required to take domestic garbage out of the site after work; strengthen education and training of patrolling paintenance personnel, enhance their awareness of ecological protection, maintenance personnel are required to reduce activity range during maintenance and reduce disturbance to natural environment. 4.3 Repair/maintenance period environmental impact analysis and assessment 4.3.1Wellsite Wellsite repair/maintenance includes repair of machines and equipment, environmental impact is mainly mechanical wastewater entering environment and causing water environmental pollution. Equipment repair is totally enclosed, 45 does not directly contact the environment and the equipment will be transported away altogether after repair. There will be CBM excape during repair, and excaped CBM is collected and fired and emitted through the venting pipe. 4.3.2Gas-gathering station site Close all stop valves for gas-gathering station repair/maintenance, and escaped gas is collected and fired and emitted through the venting pipe. 4.3.3 Gas production and gathering grid Close all shut-off valves for gas production and gathering grid repair/maintenance, identify leakage part, then start development construction, closely monitor CBM concentration during construction, control fire source to avoid blasting during repair, advise residents nearby during repair to prevent accidents, and perform reclamation pursuant to the environmental protection measures during construction. 4.3.4 Road works Road repair/maintenance refers to repair of road section destroyed by human activities or natural disasters during operation, small-quantities repair will not have impact on environment. 4.4 List of environmental protection measures. Environmental protection measures are listed in Table 4.4-1. 46 Table 4.4-1 Project environmental protection measures investment estimates Period of Unit Total cost Item time （RMB10,000） （RMB10,000） 1. Anti-seepage treatment of drilling 0.8/well 280 slurry pond 2. Accident mud pond and seepage 0.2/ well 70 prevention 3. Wellsite sewage pond 0.3/ well 105 4. Slurry adn rock debris curng 0.25/ well 87.5 Drilling treatment period 5. Mud and wastewater recycle 0.1/ well 35 6. Wellsite domestic garbage disposal 0.15/ well 52.5 7. Noise prevention and control 0.15/ well 52.5 8. Water and soil conservation cost 0.2/ well 70 9. Station vegetations recovery 1.0/ well 340 10. access road reforestation 1.0/km 70.89 1. Production water and drainage 0.25/ well 80.75 holding pond 2. gas-gathering station ecological toilet 0.5/station 0.5 3. GFRP sewage tank 3 67.5 4. Sewage tank car 2 30 Operation 5. Coalbed production and drainage period 1 set 225 effulent treatment 6. Gas-gathering station land 1.2/ well 3.6 compensation and waer conservation 7. Road and pipeline vegetations RMB1.5/m3 180 recovery 8.Other 100 Rejected Wellsite recovery and waste pipe and 500 well equipment disposal Total 2350.74 47 5 Alternative Analysis 5.1 Produced water treatment proposal comparison 5.1.1 Process proposals Produced water treatment has two process proposals for comparison: Process 1-ion exchange (see Figure 5.1-1); Process 2-reverse osmosis (RO)(see Figure 2.1-10). 1 Figure 5.1-1 Ion exchange wastewater treatment process flow chart 2 Process 1 and Process 2 both meet design and actual needs, but Process 1 invovles high operation cost with less investment, though and water yield quality declines with resin property degrade, with high requirement for operating level; Process 2 membrane process physical treatment method, i.e., water desalting through RO treatment principle, is one of the most effective methods to perform high mineralized water treatment, brackish water treatment and desalination and to prepare demineralized water, pure water and high pure water. Its central technology is reverse osmosis membrane, and the membrtane is made of special material and with special processing method and has semipermeable performance. Under the action of applied pressure, it facilitates selective permeability of some components in the water solution to reach the goal of water desalination and purification, desalination rate may reach above 95% and it is really an efficient desalination method. Process 2 involves big investment, but low operation cost, featuring advanced and reliable process, long service life, simple operation and maintenance, better quality water yield, possible even higher water utilization rate in future, better water saving and circulating use in multiple points. Process 2 has the following characteristics: ① With RO, in normal temperature, physical method without phase change is applied for water desalination and purification; ②Water pressure serves as power and its energy consumption is the lowest among various treatment methods; ③A small amount of chemical, without acid and alkali regeneration treatment; ④No chemical waste liquid and alkali discharge, not acid and alkali neutral treatment process, not environmental pollution; ⑤Simple system and easy operation, stable water yield quality; 3 ⑥；Suitable for a wide range of raw water, applicable for not only blackish water, seawaer and sewage treatment, but also low salt freshwater treatment; ⑦Equipment occupies les area, needs small space; ⑧Fewer operation maintenance and equipment maintenance workloads. RO water yield not only meets farmland irwellsiteation water requirements, but also fully meets State living and drinking water requirements, providing yet another use route of recycle of treated wastewater. 5.1.2 Process 1. Sediment flocculation unit Gas well produced water enters the wellsite precipitation tank after going through the eliminator and the water meter for measurement, after precipitation, mud, sand and a small number of large particulate suspended solids are removed, it is hauled by tank car to the water treatment station. The station has one unloading pond (400m3 effective capacity), produced water is pumped to the coagulation-flocculation precipitation pond (60m3 effective capacity), PAC and PAM are added to coagulate small particulate suspended substances in the sewage to generate large particulate flocs for late flotation and trap removal. 2. Preliminary filter unit After chemical flocculation, it enters media filter, large particulate impurities and suspended substances and gels, etc are removed, then it enters activated carbon filter to have small molecular organics and residual chlorine removed and reduce chromaticity, after filter in the activated carbon filter, it joins scale inhibitor to reduce RO membrane element fouling and prevent membrane element scaling. 3. Precision filter unit 4 Before RO takes in water, use PP melt-blown filter of 10µm and 5µm interception precision to separately remove residual impurities and fine particulate substances and prevent RO membrane element fouling. 4. RO unit RO unit has one RO main machine of 20m3/h handling capacity and one RO high pressure pump and relevant devices. RO unit is given in Figure 5.1-2. Figure 5.1-2 RO process schematic diagram 5.2 Well type comparison Wells are classified from well hole trajectory and shape into two: straight well and directional well (horizontal well is the special form of directional well. Straight well is drilled according to the drilling design requirements and controlling shot within the stipulated limit, and its feature is well hole trajectory is roughly vertical. Directional well is drilled according to the set direction and horizontal distance of shot and well hole shape by applying special process), and its feature is well hole trajectory is tilted. Directional wells are divided by borehole quantity of a wellsite or platform: ①Single dir bore well: two directional wells with very near wellheads; ③cluster w several or scores of directional wells and a straight well drilled on one wellsite or platform. 5 Differences and strengths and weakness comparison of straight well and directional well is given in Table 5.2-1. Table 5.2-1 List of differences and strengths and weakness comparison of straight well and directional well Straight well Directional well ①pre-design wellhole trajectory ① without pre-desiging wellhole trajectory ②inclination, horizontal displacement and wellhole curvature are big; ② theoretically, all trajectory point inclination is zero, but impossible in actual drilling; ③ there is directional operation in process technology, it often measures inclination difference ③ there is non-directional operation in process and direction, with drilling pressure technology, but straight well inclination distortion, big big torque, frequent lifting prevention issue ivery protruding so that and lowering of drill, and tought straight well trajectory control is more difficult requirements (debris carrying, than directional well. lubrication, stable well wall); ④Not many accidents about drill. ④many accidents about drill (adhesion, keyway, fatigue) May skip ground barrier, make Simple technology, save single well cost and resources limited by underground Strengths small land area for wingle well conditions tappable, total small wellsite land area Total large wellsite land area, spud only under Weaknesses Technically difficult, high requirements good ground conditions The project drills 323 wells including 91 straight wells and 232 directional wells, directional wells all apply cluster wells, it will minimize total wellsite land area, thus reduce construction land occupation and vegetations destruction during construction and helop protect natural environment. 5.3 Drilling mode comparison Currently, common drilling methods applied in Chinese CBM drilling setor include: table-drive drilling, top-drive drilling, hole-bottom power drilling, etc; common drilling technologies include balanced pressure drilling technology, 6 unbalanced pressure drilling technology, nearly balanced pressure drilling technology; circulatin media generally includes air, water and conventional mud drilling fluid. Qinshui Basin CBM drilling method generally uses water source 2000 drill or ordinary oil drill, through mud media circulating system, dril through coalbed with standard drilling procedure. Other advanced drilling technologies are gradually applied in the CBM sector. According to Shanxi Qinshui CBM geological conditions and considering development cost and economic benefits among other factors, table-drive near equilibrium pressure drilling technology with water drilling fluid can be selected, or alternatively, table-drive unbalanced pressure drilling technology using air can be used, as shown in Table 5.3-1. Table 5.3-1 CBM drilling technologies Pneumatic Aerated water drilling fluid conventional drilling drilling drilling drilling fluid drilling unbalanced pressure √ √ drilling near equilibrium √ √ pressure drilling There are two generally applied drilling methods, as shown in Table 5.3-2. Drilling method 1:Shuiyuan 2000 drill is applied for the non-coalbed section, circulating water slurry drilling, water circulating drilling is used when coalbed is reached, near equilibruium drilling technology is applied throughout the drilling process. Drilling method 2: Shuiyuan 2000 drill is applied, take air as working media, air compressor is used for preliminary compression of air, then temperature reduction and water elimination, booster is used to continuously boost air to the working pressure necessary for drilling, bboosed air enters the key and drill to 7 cool the drill and carry rock debris. Unbalanced drilling technology is applied throughout the drilling process. Table 5.3-2 Drilling methods Drillin gmethod Drill Drive system Circulating media Drilling technology 1 Shuiyuan 2000 Table-drive Water slurry Near equilibrium drilling 2 Shuiyuan 2000 Table-drive Air Unbalanced drililng Comparing the two drilling methods, Drilling method 1 uses the most common drilling method -- near equilibrium drilling technology, featuring strong adaptability and relatively low cost, but prone to contamination during drilling, bringing harm to coal reservoir. Drilling method 2 uses unbalanced drilling technology, it is currently applied on a trial basis and can reduce coalbed harm, effectively control stratum leakage, reduce and avoid pressure differential sticking and other downhole complexes and reduce operation and relevant costs. Due to insufficient air drilling equipment in China, when there is no condition to implement air drilling under large-scale development, water drilling can be used for coalbed section. The first drilling method is recommended and the second should be actively spread. 5.4 Completion method comparison Completion methods mainly include casing perforation completion, openhole completion, casing-openhole completion, screen completion and openhole cave completion. Their comparison is given in Table 5.4-1. 8 Table 5.4-1 Completion methods comparison Process perspective Completion Environmental method Strengths Weaknesses ① Very strong ① Casing and cement adaptability, applied in any injection for cementing, water type of coalbed, as the most slurry may generate pollution common completion to coal reservoir.② Coalbed Casing method, over 98% casing helps with the completin method perforation application of casing protection of needs hydraulic fracturing, but completion perforation fracturing for all aquifers. performation and fracturing domestic CBM completion operations may completion;② facilitate single cause damage to the reservoir coalbed selective to various extents. exploitation. ① The simplest ① poor adaptability, completion method;② may generally appliable to dense reduce harm by casing and rock stratum, and reservoir 裸眼完井 cementing operations to with stable borehole and Throughout Openhole coal reservoir, effectively without collapse and aquifers completion eliminate water slurry sand;② only one completion contamination to the coal floor;③reservoir borehole may reservoir;③the lowest cost. collapse. ① good connectivity with ① unable to implement borehole, favorable to isolation of section, slotted improved capacity;②No unavoidable communuation Throughout screen need of cementing between stratum sections aquifers completion operation, reservoir not ② Relatively short life of CBM injured by water slurry, cost well. is relatively low. Openhole Throughout cave aquifers completion Determine through comparison: Through comparison, casing perforation completion has certain injury to coalbed, but benefits protection of all aquifers, stabilize wellhole and protect groundwater resources. 9 5.5 Required wellsite layout plan The project previous wellsite layout proposal and current wellsite implementation proposal comparison is given in Table 5.5-1. Table 5.5-1 Wellsite layout proposal comparison Plan Content Strengths Weaknesses One well for one wellsite, single ① large area of wellsite land temporary land area is ① occupation;② big cost single wellsite of forestation recover Previous wellsite layout proposal 30m×40m； construction needs after there are small workload. construction;③ uneasy 297 maintenance and wellsites ， management. land area of 35.64hm2 Several wells share ① small area of one wellsite, temporary land single well, occupation；② less 2 well, 3 destruction to ① Large well, 4 well, existing construction area for 5 well, 6 well Current wellsite layout implementation proposal and 7 well vegetations ； single wellsite with ③ small cost of much earthwork wellsite forestation recover excavation, filling and layout; 91 after spoil wellsites need land construction;④ easy occupation maintenance and of management. 19.6275hm2 As apparent from the table, as multiple wells share one wellsite, the proposal involves less temporary land occupation and thus less damage to existing vegetations; low cost of green recovery after construction; easy for repair and management during operation, therefore, this proposal is applied for implementation. 10 11 6 Environment Management Plan Please see Environment Management Plan Volume. 1 7 Safety Evaluation Safety evaluation is referred from the “Safety Pre-Evaluation Report on Shanxi Qinshui Basin CBM Zhengzhuang Cooperation Area 2.5×108 m3/a Ground Works for Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited Zhengzhuang Libi Cooperation Block World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project” prepared by the State Petrochemical Project Risk Evaluation Technical Center (qualification certificate No.: APJ-(G-0018-2005)) in October 2007. 7.1 Process Dangerous and Harmful Factor Analysis 7.1.1 Main hazards and harmful substances for the project The fire hazard category of the proposed project is Class A, main hazardous and harmful substances are CBM methane adn ethane, etc, and main hazardous and harmful substances characteristics are shown in Table 7.1-1. Table 7.1-1 Project hazardous and harmful substances characteristics Boiling Fire hazard Explostion Explosive-proof Protection Exposure limits Item point ℃ classification limits V% grade category mg/m3 300 （ former CH4 -165 AA 5.3～15.0 IIA T1 Soviet Union） 300 （ former C2H6 -88.6 AA 3.0～16.0 IIA T1 Soviet Union） CO2 -78.5 E / / / / N2 -195 E / / / / H2S -60.4 A 4.0-46.0 IIB T3 10 0.5 （ former MEA 170 C / IIA / Soviet Union） 1 7.1.2 Main hazards, harmful factors and hazardous locations The project main hazards and hazardous locations are given in Table 7.1-2. Table 7.1-2 Project main hazards and hazardous locations Main hazards Hazardous locations Gas-water separator, gas production pipe, gas-gathering pipe, line CBM leakage causes fire block valve chamber, central treatment station, transmission pipeline, explosion compressor, valves, etc Local stress damage Gas-water separator, gas production pipe, gas-gathering pipe, line twellsitegers physical block valve chamber, central treatment station, transmission pipeline, explosion compressor room, valve chamber, etc External corrosion of soil Underground gas production pipe, gas-gathering pipe, transmission and water pipeline Internal corossion of CO2 Gas-water separator, gas production pipe, gas-gathering pipe, central and H2S treatment station Control system failure Gas-water separator, wellhead facilities, gas production pipe, twellsitegers relevant gas-gathering pipe, transmission pipeline system, line block valve accidents chamber, central treatment station Natural disasters such as earthquakes twellsiteger Project pipeline, valves, buildings and structures, equiment foundation leakage and fire and damage twellsitegers secondary disasters explosion Electric injuries Project electric locations Mechanical injuries Project rotating equipment Noise injuries Compressor, HV venting, mechanical noise 7.1.3 Project hazards and harmful factors analysis 7.1.3.1 Fire and explosion hazards The project main hazard is fire and explosion, corossion adn static sealing surface leakage are chief sources of the accidents, compressed CBM pipe, equipmet physical explosion is also possible, fire twellsitegered explosion after CBM is mixed with air is also one of the principal hazards. Main leakage locations and causes are analyzed as follows: 2 1. Wellhead gas production CBM is Class A fire haardous substance, ligher than air, pursuant to the Installations design specification in explosion and fire hazardous environment (GB50058-92), statically sealed locations such as wellheads, venting valve, valves, gas-waer separator and space within 4.5m radius of outlet and upper 7.5m are Zone 2. CBM is transmitted in sealed pipeline and equipment room of good tightness in normal conditions, upon abnormal circumstances (leakage, broken pipe, etc), CBM wil leak and for explosive gas in air, evolving fire and explosion when encountering fire source. 2. Gas production and gathering pipe corossion In line with pipeline transmission characteristics, pipe break and leakage accident may be attributed to: ⑴ Pipeline corossion induced perforation Although external part of the pipe goes through anti-corossion treatment and has reliable anti-corossion coating, when anti-corossion material itself has defects, construction quality is not good or construction causes mechanical damage to anti-corossion coating, water, salt, lakali and underground stray current in soil may cause corossion to the external part of the pipeline, H2S and CO2 in CBM will lead to internal corossion of the pipe. The project CBM basically does not contain H2S，but CO2 content is high. CBM containing H2S and CO2 in the pipeline will see electrochemical corossion in wet environment, internal wall of the pipe will get thin, internal corossion-induced perforation may occurr in extreme cases, and such threat is very grave to the gas production pipeline. Perforation caused by internal and external corossion may lead to CBM leakage and form explosive gas mixture near the leakage location. 3 ⑵ Pipe material defect or weld defect Weld or pipe material defect may cause pipe rupture in pressurized transmission. Difference between the pipe construction temperature and transmission temperature may cause pipe axial thermal stress, prolonged effect may generate elbow inside concave, form folds and deformation of growing arc curvature, pipe wall will get thin, then damage velocity will accelerate under common action of other factors. ⑶ Third party damage Third party damage includes major mechanical damage, operational errors, artificial damage by punching or stealing gas, such accidents of oil and gas transmission pipeline is growing in China, and the third party damage of CBM has strong possibility. ⑷ Natural disasters Natural disasters such as earthquake, flood, landslide, mud flow and geological disaster may cause destruction to the pipe and twellsiteger accident. The area seismic intensity is 6 degrees, but pipeline selection should follow the Gas pipeline project design specification (GB50251-2003), and it should pass from small and narrow area of fault displacement. ⑸ Overpressure explosion Take corresponding measures to avoid leakage and overpressure during production, select explosion-proof appliances, and strengthen safety management, strictly prohibit use of open flame equipment in the productoin area and apply electrostatic grounding. 7.1.3.2 Poisoning hazard Although the project CBM design provided data reflects absense of hydrogen sulfide (3# coalbed), Jincheng export coal sulfur content quality index 4 shows sulfur content is below 0.35-1.0%, it indicates coal contents sulfur, then associated CBM also contains hydrogen sulfide. Unpurified CBM contains CO2 and a small amount of hydrogen sulfide, etc, which may do harm to human body. Acute CBM poisoining can be represented in diziness, headache, vomiting, fatigue and even coma. Psychitriac symptoms may occur, with unsteady gait; paitients with long coma may suffer athletic aphasia or paralysis; workers with long exposure may have neurathenia syndrom. Especially before entering a closed environment for maintenance operation, full replacement must be done, oxygen content must be measured, operation be monitored to prevent occurrence of poisoning and suffocation. 7.2 Safety checklist inspection 7.2.1 Safety checklist inspection Safety checklist inspection is shown in Table 7.2-1. Table 7.2-1 Safety checklist Result Check item note Partial Yes No non-compliance A. safety and sanitation surveillance 1． The project feasibility study should √ develop occupational safey and health part and can all meet the design requirements I. Safey and health 2． The project occupational safey and surveillance health facilities should implement √ and hazard 3-simultaneous. identification 3 ． Implement occupational safey and health pre-evaluation pursuant to the State Administration of Production Safety √ Supervision and Management Decree No.8 5 Result Check item note Partial Yes No non-compliance B. Hazard identification Feasibility study should determine the following matters: √ 1． Physical and chemical characteristics of substances 2 ． Fire and explosion hazards of √ substances 3 ． Toxicity and maximum allowed √ concentration of substances 4． Corossio hazard of substances √ 5 ． Potential hazards and harms of process, equipment and substances √ during production 6． Potential hazard caused by noise √ 1． Oil and gas plant, station and depot are preferablly built upwind yearly Not minimum frequency wind in town and detailed community. 2. Oil and gas plant, station and depot grade division should be implemented Not pursuant to Item 4 of 3.2.2 in detailed GB50183-2004. 3. Fire prevention space of the external area of Class A and B oil and gas plant, Not station and depot should comply with detailed II. Site Table 4.0.4 of GB50183-2004. conditions and general 4. Pavement width of external road to arrangement Class C, D and E oil and gas plant, √ station and depot shall not be less than 3.5m. 5. Flare and inflammable gas venting pipe is preferablly located upwind minimum frequency wind in the production area of Not plant, station and depot and is preferablly detailed located on the higher ground outside oil and gas plant, station and depot. 6. Internal plane of oil and gas plant, station and depot shall comply with 4.1.2 √ of GB50183-93. 6 Result Check item note Partial Yes No non-compliance 7. Horizontal distance of 10KV and below overhead power line from site with √ explosion hazard shall not be less than 1.5-fold pole tower height. 8. Natural gas liquid and condensate loading site shall be located on the edge √ of the oil and gas plant, station and depot area with separate entrance and exit. 9. Fire engine drive arrangement in the plant, station and depot shall comply with √ 5.3.2 of GB50183-2004. 1. Natural gas mains entering and leaving plant and station shall be provided with emergency shut-off valve; over-reach √ bypass or safety valve and venting valve shall be provided in front of the emergency shut-off valve. 2. Gas-gathering station shall be provided with emergency pressure release and venting device. Venting device shall have √ reliable iginition system and condensate III. Labor safety recovery device. 3. Material of instrument and other parts used by gas-gathering station and √ contacting XBM media shall comply SY/T0599. 4. The gas-gathering station shall be provided with corresponding pressure grade of anti-sulfur and explosion-proof √ electric contact alarm pressure meter or other alarm at the station site. 5. Safety system of sulfur-containing gas transmission pipeline shall include hydrogen sulfide, inflammable gas √ surveilance system, pipeline anti-corossion portection measures. III. Labor safety 6. Hardness of connecting rod in sulfur-contining natural gas media shall √ be less than or equal to HB235. 7. Process pipe design shall comply with GB50183 ， GB50251 ， SY/T0010 ， √ SY/T0599，SY/T0059. 7 Result Check item note Partial Yes No non-compliance 8. Pipe accessory design shall comply with GB/T12237 ， GB/T12234 ， √ GB/T12241. 9. Venting pipe provision shall comply √ with 6.8.6 of GB50183-2004. 10. Safety valve relief system shall take √ anti-freezing and anti-plugging measures. 11. All pipe connectors shall have √ anti-static grounding. 12. Anti fire space of oil and gas plant internal buried natural gas pipeline and √ structures shall comply with 7.2.2 of GB50183-2004. 13. Sulfur-containing gas well oil pipe casing, gas production wellhead devices and internal wall of gas-gathering pipe √ shall be injected with release agent, complete record shall be available each time. 14. Selecting crossing location shall meet the line strike and shall not be on the √ seismic fracture zone. 15. Inflammable and explosive process producion devices, equipment, pipes shall be jointly arranged based on production √ characteristics, using open-air, open or semi-open structures. 16. Oil and gas wellsites, metering stations and gas-gathering station may √ omit fire water system. 17. Architecture design in explosion-proof site shall comply with –explosion-proof √ requirements. 18. Power load of the transmission station √ shall comply with 8.1.3 of GB50251-94 19 Project seismic design shall comply with the Architecture seismic design √ specification （GB50011-2001） 8 Result Check item note Partial Yes No non-compliance 20. With reliable lightning protection devices, its design shall comply with relevant standard. Devices, outdoor equipment, storage tank, electrical √ facilities and structures with fire explosion hazards shall have direct lightning resistant devices. 21. Metal pipe with parallel layout spacing less than 100mm or metal pipe with crossing spacing less than 100mm shall √ have lightning induction device, which can be jointly provided with anti-static devices. 22. Arrestor grounding deflectors shall be √ welded. 23. lightning arrestor and grounding devices shall not be located in frequented site, grounding from the structure √ entrance or other grounding shall not be less than 3m. 24. Operation post with fall hazard shall be designed with staircase,platform, √ fense and other attached facilities easy for operation, patrol adn maintenance. 25. High-speed rotating or reciprocating mechanical parts shall have reliable √ protection facilities, fense or safety enclosure. 1. Process area shall be provided with hydrogen sulfide leakage detector and √ ☆ corresponding hydrogen sulfide leakage detect alarm device. IV. Industrial 2. Necessary shower, eye washer and sanitation other sanitory protection facilities shall be designed in operation environment with toxic hazard. Personal protection √ equipment shall be provided based on operation characteristics and protection requirements. 1. Safety production resonsibility system and corresonding safey management √ V. system shall be set up. Comprehensive saety 2. Corresponding safety operation management procedures shall be available during trial √ operation and production. 9 Result Check item note Partial Yes No non-compliance 3. Operators must be qualified and √ certified. 4. Set up ptrol check points and patrol √ check items, set up patrol check system. 5. Safety warning and protection goods storage marks such as anti-toxic, fire √ prevention an anti-explosion shall be hung in conspicuous positions. 6. Energency plan of leakage, poisoning, fire, explosion shall be developed. After approval of the superior level, emergency √ measures and responibility are implemented by relevant management and operation staff. 7. Organize staff drills in line with √ emergency plan. 8. Equipment and instrument shall be √ tested periodically. 9. Pressure vessels testing shall be conducted by those with testlicense pursuant to the Presure vessel safety √ technology surveillance procedure, they shall issue test report and set up complete achives. 10. Anti-poison appliances shall be managed by dedicatd person, inspected once a month, inspection shall be √ recorded to ensure timely and effective use. 11. Fire facilities that have passed the fire surveillance department shall be managed by dedicatd person, inspected √ once a month, inspection shall be recorded to ensure its compleness, integrity and effectiveness. 12. Safety valve shall be inspected once a year, sealed after passing and √ recorded. 13. Saety system instrument and meters shall be calibred once a quarter and √ recorded. 10 Result Check item note Partial Yes No non-compliance 14. Downtime overhaul plan formulaed √ beofre overhaul shall cntain safety part. 15. Safety education shall be performed √ to participants before overhaul. 16. Welding flare shall apply SY 5858. √ 17. Lifting operation shall comply with √ GB/T 6067. 18. Lothing and safety articles of those entering teh overhaul site shall comply √ with SY 5690. Highaltitude operation shall meet JGJ 80 19. Wastewaer treatment during overhaul √ shall meet GB 8978 20. Vessels and pipe facilities grounding device safety repair shall comply with SY √ 5984. 21. Strength adn tightness test shall be performed pursuant to the relevant √ regulatoins after overhaul. 7.2.2 Safety checklist inspection result analysis From the safety checklist inspection result, the project station and site plane layout basically meets relevant specifications, but the next design shall contain clear instructions and description about their site conditions, overall layout and other compliance with the relevant regulations. To further ensure safety and reliability of the project production, the evaluation report develops some measures as supplement to design and construction. 1. The project development plan does not make clear comparison explanation to the proposed project plant site, teh evaluation requests next design should determine the long box pursuant to 4.0.4 of the Petroleum and natural gas project fire prevention specification （GB50183-2004） and 11.1 of the Oil and gas production and transmision design specification （GB50350-2005） and make specificaton compliance explanation to the 11 safety fire prevention spacing of the community around the location, neighboring industrial and mining enterprises and transort routes. 2. The safety fire prevention spacing of equipment, pipeline and structures in the installations shall comply with GB50183-2004 and GB50016-2006; safety fire prevention spacing of underground pipeline and structures nearby shall meet GB50183-2004. 3. Seismic design shall comply with the Building seismic design specification （GB50011-2001）. 4. Building fire protection rating design shall meet the relevant requirements. Building members and poles shall be made of non-combustible material and shall meet the strength requirement. 5. Explosion and fire hazardous environment area range shall be specified precisely, instruments and electric equipment meeting the safety use requirements shall be designed and selected. 6. All metal equipment, pipes, storage tanks, instruments and electric appliances shall take anti-lightning, anti-static grounding or other effective measures pursuant to the relevant specifications to prevent lightning and static accidents. Buildng anti-lightning design shall meet the Building anti-lightning design specification. 7. Fire road layout in the gas plant, station and depot shall meet GB50183-2004. 8. Safety release system shall meet teh relevant specification requirements, anti-freezing and anti-plugging measures shall be taken and provision of safety valve shall meet the requirement of calibration once a year. 9. Necessary showers and other sanitory and protection facilities shall be designed for operational environment with toxic hazard and personal protection 12 articles shall be provided based on operation characteristics and protection requirements. 7.3 Measures analysis 7.3.1 Risk and accident prevention and handling measures 7.3.1.1 Prevention measures for gas-gathering station separator, manihold and pipeline rupture 1. For gas-water producing wells, anti-corossion inhibitor shall be injected from teh wellhead regularly after commissioning to relieve internal corossion ofthe gas-gathering system adn avoid rupture of separator manifold. 2. Wellsites and gas-gathering station practices standardized and closed management to avoid safety and environmental accidents due to external people. 3. Regularly inspect safety shut-off valve and pressure relief vent valve of the gas-gathering system to guarantee flexible startup upon accident and reduce accident release. 4. Ultrasonic detector is used inthinning test on the wall thickness of the gas transmission pipeline, sections with wall thickness less than the set requirements shall be replaced immediately to liminate pipe rupture peril. 5. To alleviate pipe internal and external corossion, anti-corossion coating such as asphalt glass fiber cloth may be applied to the external, while coating or regular injecton of corossion ihibitor can be applied for the internal, alternatively, electrode protection can be applied. 6. Permanent marks shall be provided near the gas-gathering pipeline and gas-gathering branch laying pipe to remind avoiding construction of large projects as well as taking soil, digging well and planting deep-root plants within 50m of the pipeline sides. 13 7. Regularly check shut-off valve on the transmission trunkline, make it flexible adn reliable to reduce natural gas release upon accident. 8. selection of gas-gathering station shall dodge the community and ensure proper spacing (80m). 9. Guarantee good working conditions of water jacket heater, avoid broken device due to ice block of the gas-gathering system, causing natural gas leakage. 10. Premises inside the gas-gathering station are anti-fire and anti-explosion area, conpicuous fire ban mark must be set up, electric equipment and lighting shall meet teh fire prevention requirements and sufficient fire fighting appliances and facilities are provided. 11. Casing should be protected when teh gas-gathering line cross the road and length of the protection casing shall exceed teh subgrade width. No structure is allowed to cross any structure 0.5-1.0m, dodge dense population area and keep certain safety distance to prevent natural gas leakage due to vandalism. 7.3.1.2 Drilling mud pond leakage prevention measures Drilling mud pond bottom is leveled and tamped without sharp tools; used anti-seepage material shall be closed, solid, enduring, not prone to corossion, area is larger than drilling mud; when mud slurry pond slurry waste liquid level is found drastically declining, immediately stop drejected mud entering, (may enter the accident slurry pong), check seepage reason and make necessary supplement. 14 7.3.2 Accident emergency treatment and key items of emergency plan 7.3.2.1 Accident emergency treatment 1. Emergency plan comprehensiveness is particularly important upon accident, therefore the builder shall formulate detailed emergency plan for various accidents before the gasfield development and construction and applied emergency start after accident. The accident emergency plan preparation is ultimately aimed at protecting human life. 2. Immediately stop production after teh occurrence of an accident, form an accident response team, work separately in a rapid, all-round and orderly fashion based on the accident level. 3. Personal protective equipment (such as gas mask) and testing equipment are normally provided. 4. Immediately report to the superior environmnetal management department and safety production supervision and management department after an accident and asist the local government in aftermath of loss. 5. Conscientiously sum up experience and lessons after the accident disposition to eliminate recurrence of such accidents and other abnormal accidents. 7.3.2.2 Key items of emergency plan 1. Set up emergency planning zone. Based on the gasfield development characteristics, the project emergency planning zone should consist of drilling field, gas-gathering station and transmission pipeline. 2. Form the gasfield emergency rescue command center (ERCC) affiliated to the company safety and environmental department, ERCC is recommended to locate itself in the production command center. ERCC is responsible for 15 formulation and execution of the project environmenetal risk emergency rescue plan and daily patrol, form a dedicated disposition contingent of environmenetal risks, reserve necessary environmenetal risk emergency rescue facilities, equipment and appliances, organize and execute drills of contingency matters. ERCC is recommended to form a joint office with the safety, sanitory and security departments and maintain smooth communication and coordination with the local environmental protection admnistration and environmental surveillance department. 3. Upon occurrence of an environmental accident or a safety accident triggering an environmental accident, a dedicated contingent shall be responsible for reconnaissance and monitoring of the accident site, assist the local department in defining the accident nature and possible environmental accident evaluation, come up with effective methods to avoid further environmental impact and a plan to immediately evacuate people possibly subject to the accident impact for reference of the decision-making department. 4. Perform necessary surveillance of the environmental background value after the accident status ends, provide reliable basis for accident lifting and residents‘ move-back and formulate remedial measures for recovering environment. 2. According to the public participation requirement, make information known to the public in the area possibly subject to the project environmenetal risk impact and organize education, training and self-protection drills of nearby public. After occurrence ofthe accident, release exact information in the first time to make known accident truth to the public and avoid incorrect information misguiding the public and causing adverse social influence. 16 7.4Conclusions Through the safety pre-evaluation of Zhengzhuang Libi Well Area Cooperation Block World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project 2.5×108 m3/a Ground Works for Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited, the following conclusions are worked out. 7.4.1Evaluation result 1. All units of the project have fire and explosion hazards to various extent, fire and explosion hazards are the primary hazard of the project, and the secondary hazard is poisoning and noise. From hazardous and harmful factors and safety checklist inspection, the project chief hazard is fire and explosion; safety measures developed in the feasiblity study basically meet the safety need, but it has some shortcomings. Many measures need implementation in the next design. 2. The project process technology and equipment manufacturing are mature, with mature CBM exploration and transmission techniques, equipment which temporarily cannot be manufactured domestically can be urchased from abroad, and this can meet the project safety production need. 3. The project pipeline selection and station overall layout are generally reasonable but detailed design must meet the relevant specification requirements. 4. The feasibility study has taken necessary and reasonable production safety measures, but countering measures have to be further supplemented and perfected. 7.4.2Evaluation conclusions The project process technology and equipment are basically mature and reliable, with certain risks, though; to ensure safe operation of the project and 17 prepare for the possible hazard, the designer and the builder are recommended to conscientiouly analyze possible problems that may crop up from the production and take necessary measures. To ensure safe operation of the project and prepare for the possible hazard, the designer and the builder should execute both workable measures stated in the feasbility study and measures developed after teh evaluaton to guarantee effective implementation of all safety facilities in terms of design, installation and pre-commissioning. After the project is completed and commissioned, it is necessary to strictly obey relevant laws, regulations, standards and specifications, enhance safety management, ensure sensitiveness and effective use of saety facilities and testing instruments and meters during operation and ensure that management and operation personnel will strictly perform thier duties pursuant to the safe operation procedures. Under the prerequisite, teh evaluaton team believes the project, after completion and commissioning, is expected to satisfy teh safety production requirements. 18 8 Due Diligence 8.1 Project overview Zhengzhuang Libi Well Area Cooperation Block World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited is closely related to the in Qinshui Basin CBM field Zhengzhaung block 900 million m3/a construction project of PetroChina Huabei Co, the gas-gathering pipeline project compositioin is given in Table 8.1-1, and schematic diagram is given in Figure 8.1-1. Table 8.1-1 Gas-gathering grid works from Zheng 5 gas-gathering station to the central treatment plant of PetroChina Huabei Co Zhengzhuang Block 900 million m3/a project composition Diameter Pipeline Length (km) Remark (mm) Zheng 1 gas-gathering station-central 508 8.90 treatment plant trunkline Zheng 3 gas-gathering station- Zheng 1 gas-gathering station gas-gathering 457 7.80 branch line Zheng 4 gas-gathering station- Zheng 3 gas-gathering station gas-gathering 457 9.27 branch line Zheng 5 gas-gathering station- Zheng 4 gas-gathering station gas-gathering 355.6 8.83 branch line Zheng 2 gas-gathering station- Zheng 1 Not much related with this gas-gathering station gas-gathering 219 6.72 project branch line total of gas-gathering pipelines closely not including Zheng - 34.80 related with the project 2-Zheng 1 pipeline 1 Figure 8.1-1 Correlation schematic dragram of PetroChina project with the project Gas-gathering grid works cross statistics from PetroChina Zheng 5 gas-gathering station and the central treatment plant are given in Table 8.1-1. Table 8.1-2 PetroChina Zheng 5- central treatment plant pipeline crossing statistics Pipeline Rail crossing Road crossing River crossing Gully crossing Zheng 1 gas-gathering station-central treatment plant - - 1 1 trunkline Zheng 3 gas-gathering station- Zheng 1 gas-gathering station 1 1 1 - gas-gathering branch line Zheng 4 gas-gathering station- Zheng 3 gas-gathering station - - - - gas-gathering branch line Zheng 5 gas-gathering station- Zheng 4 gas-gathering station 1 1 3 1 gas-gathering branch line Zheng 2 gas-gathering station- Zheng 1 gas-gathering station - - - 3 gas-gathering branch line total of gas-gathering pipelines closely related with the project (not 2 2 5 2 including Zheng 2 - Zheng 1 2 Pipeline Rail crossing Road crossing River crossing Gully crossing gas-gathering pipeline 8.2 Construction progress By the end of November 2012, the central treatment plant, Zheng 4, Zheng 3 and Zheng 1 gas-gathering stations and section pipelines had been completed. The above works were constructed pursuant to the environmental protection requirements for the central treatment plant, gas-gathering stations and gas-gathering branch lines in the PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co Qinshui Basin CBM Field Zhengzhuang Block 900 Million m3/a Construction Project Environmental Impact Report and met the environmental protection requirements. Detailed environmental protection measures are given in 8.4. 8.3 Environmental impact assessment implementation The central treatment plant, Zheng 5-Zheng 1 gas-gathering stations and their gas-gathering pipeline works are all incorporated in the PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co Qinshui Basin CBM Field Zhengzhuang Block 900 Million m3/a Construction Project, Taiyuan University of Technology completed the PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co Qinshui Basin CBM Field Zhengzhuang Block 900 Million m3/a Capacity Construction Project Environmental Impact Report in March 2011; Shanxi Provincial Environmental Protection Department approved the project in JHH [2011] Document No.582 in April 2011, and the document is shown below. 3 4 5 6 7 8.4 Main environmental impacts and environmental protection measures 8.4.1 Environmental impacts and environmental protection measures during construction 8.4.1.1 Atmospheric environmental impact and environmental protection measures Atmospheric pollution during construction stems from construction dust produced from pipe excavation of the gas-gathering branch line works. Atmospheric control measures during construction are as follows: 1. Construction plan must contain detailed measures for preventing leakage pollution, prepared anti-dust operation specification should include site ratonal layout, construction material pile-up. Sprinkling and cleaning system is set up on the site, construction work surface should maintain good safety operation environment, scraps should be cleaned and removed in a timely manner, random rejection is forbidden, and designate dedicated person for sprinkling and cleaning. 2. Use fense or enclosure to separate the site from the outside, enclosure material applies masonry or molding sheet, with foundation and wall cap. Enclosure external connection with the road must use greening or hardened pavement. Enclosure must be steady, safe, clean and pleasant to the eye. 3. Based on prevailing wind and site relative position, construction site layout should be reasonable, construction material yard should kept away from teh environmental protection targets. 8 4. Pay attention to climate change, earthwork should dodge climate conditions of big wind velocity and small humidity. Earthwork is forbidden in weather of above 4-degree wind. Properly do cover work. 5. Teh builder should use closed transport vehicles to haul spoil, mud, construction garbage and sand, stone adn other bulk materials and the vehicles must run on the designated route. 6. Environmental protection sign is set up on the construction site, strengthen construction site management, prevent and control dust pollution from construction, the builder should incorporate environmental polluton control into the contracted content and dedicated person will be responsible for the control during cnstruction. 7. Use efficient energy-saving and environment-friendly diesel power unit and quality fuel, maintain diesel engines and diesel generators regularly. 8.4.1.2 Water environmental impact and environmental protection measures Environmental protection measures for gas-gathering pipeline crossing the river during construction are as follows: 1. Refueling construction plant or storing oil storage tank on the banks of the crossed river is forbidden, and cleaning construction plant or vehicles in the river mainstream area and floodplain area is forbidden. In cse of oil leakage of machinery and equipment, immediately clean machine oil, collect it for uniformed dispositon after construction is completed. 2. Large excavation should dodge irwellsiteation season and prevent construction affecting downstream water taking; small dith digging should be done in non-flooding season, May-September is flood season, its water level is 1～2m higher than non-flood WL. For construction mode, straw is generaly 9 used as cofferdam to cut off water at the both end, then conduct large excavation. 3. Ditch excavation earthwork should be backfilled and tamped for reinstation after construction is ended. 4. Clean cofferdam earth and earthwork from diversion channel excavation, avoid river course blocking, earth can be used to backfill the diversion channel and build embankment. 5. Prevent random rejection of construction pollutants,especially prevent equipment oil leakge into the water. Leakage oil pollution precautions mainly include: enhance equipment maintenance, apply anti-leakage tarpaulin on the bottom of equiment susceptible to leakage and immediately clean oil leakage. Collect oil stains of the ground for oil storage tanks, hauled to the local sewage treatment station for disposition after construction is completed. 6. Garbage from construction is piled up in a centralized way, recovered or hauled to the local sewage treatment station for disposition after construction is completed. 7. Although seepage discharge from riverbed excavation has local impact and water quality will return to normal due to resettling of sediment after water flows some distance, filter before discharge should be applied for the river section with slow flow and severe silting to reduce pollution. 8. Crossing water should artificially dig ditch and lay pipe to reduce vehicle oil seepage impact on water. 9. To reduce accident possibility, crossing design and construction must strictly follow the PRC flood preventon law and the Crude oil and natural gas transmission pipeline crossing project design specification – crossing works （SY/T 0015.1-98）. Construction period is subject to approval of the water resource administration. 10 8.4.1.3 Noise environmental impact and environmental protection measures Construction noise mainly stems from cnstruction plant and vehicles, and environemtnalprotecion measures are as follows: 1. Constructon should use equipment of good performance and low noise, equipment with noise excess at the construction site boundaries should be provided with insulation, shock-reducing and noise-cutting facilities to reduce noise and vibration impact on the surrounding environment. 2. For construction near the community, construction time should be arranged reasonablly considering plant noise, and high noise equipment is forbidden at night. 8.4.1.4 Solid waste environmental impact and environmental protection measures Solid waster of gas-gathering pipeline during construction is mainly spoil and domestic garbage of construction workers. Environemtnal protecion measures are as follows: 1. Spoil from construction should be piled up pursuant to the environmental protection requirements, random pile-up is forbidden. 2. Domestic garbage is stored in the community and regularly collected by the local sanitation department. 8.4.1.5 Ecological management measures during construction Ecological management measures during gas-gathering station construction: 1. Construction should be synchronous with vegetations recovery, completion will not be effective unless passing unformed acceptance. 11 2. Shorten construction period, specify construction scope, don’t extend randomly, operate as required; strictly control and manage operation scope of operating vehicles and heavy machinery, prohibit random pile-up of construction materials, specify porper stockyard to prevent vegetations destruction scope extension. 3. Based on bilogica characteristics of surface vegetations, select construction season based on local conditions, dodge plant growth period so as to minimize destruction to ecosystem. During construction on good surface soil, the surface soil shold be piled up separately adn backfilled by layer, preserve owellsiteinal living environment of the plant to help vegetations recovery. Appropriate accumulation layer should be reained during backfilling to prevent surface subsidence and water and soil loss due to precipitation. 4. Pay attention to installation, check and maintenance of sealing surface of equipment and pipe during the project construction to reduce CBM leakage; apply closed pigging process, reduce pigging venting, thus reducing hydrocarbon contamination to the environment. 8.4.2 Environmental impact and environmental protection measures during operation 8.4.2.1 Atmospheric pollution prevention and control measures 1. For the transmision pipeline and stationi-site transmisssion, use closed transmission, select equipment of high reliability and good sealing performance, ensure sealing of all connection parts, srengthen management, frequently check all sealing parts and valve stem for leakage and immediately cope with problems. 2. For a small amount of vented CBM during the gathering system overhaul or accident venting, introduce HP flare system from outside and plant 12 area for burning, automatic electronic ignition method is applied to reduce hazard to environment. 3. CBM transmission pipeline should be provided with methane senser, flow sensor, pressure sensor and temperature sensor to monitor methane concentration, flow pressure and temperature among other parameters. 4. Stations, sites, valve chambers and along the pipeline are provided with flammable gas concentration detecting system and ESD system to closely watch CBM leakage. 8.4.2.2 Water pollution prevention and control measures 1. The central treatment station production plant area equipment repair and drainage, compressor house drainage. Wastewater mainly contains oil and a small number of mechanical impurities and sediment. After treatment of integrated oil-sewage separator equipment, the wastewater is recycled in green watering without outbound drainage. 2. Sewage and wastewater in the gas-gathering station mainly stems from equipment maintenance and domestic sewage of construction workers, and sewage is kept in sewage tank and hauled for centralized treatment. Domestic sewage drained by detergent, heating facilities, clean sanitation and domestic sewage discharged into are also gathered in the tank for storage, delivered to the centra treatment or plant for disposition, added sewage at the central treatment station is discharged into the existing sewage treatment station for disposition without outward discharge. 8.4.2.3 Noise pollution prevention and control measures 1. Reasonablly arrange noise source, arrange strong noise source such as compressor in closed powerhouse. 13 2. Select low noise equipment, equipment is provided with vibraton-reducing foundation and mufflng measures. 3. Flexible connection is applied between equipment and pipeline to reduce noise and vibration transmission. 4. Sound isolation door is used for compressor room of the gas-gathering station, muffling shutters are used for windows, and insulation wall should reach above 30dB(A). 5. Forestaton outside the compressor house, effectively plant trees in the plant area to reduce noise impact. 8.4.2.4 Solid waste pollution prevention and control measures 1. Domesic garbage in the gas-gathering station and central treatment station is collected in a centralized way, put into bags and hauled to Duanshi town for disposition. 2. Iron oxide powder from pigging should be discharged regularly, collected in a centralized way, delivered to the designated landfill. 8.5 Environmental management plan 8.5.1 Environmental management The project undertaken by PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co will establish a health, safety and environment management system (HSE MS) according to the petrochemical system’s relevant regulations.. HSE MS refers to the implementation of the whole composed of organizational structure, resonsibilities, practices, procedures, process and resources. It consists of many elements, which, through first time and scientific mode of operation, are organically interated, interrelated and interacted and form a structural dynamic management system. Functionally, it is an effective 14 mode of management through ex ante risk analysis to determine possible hazards and consequences of their own activities in order to take effective preventive measures and control measures to prevent their occurrence, in order to reduce possible personal injury, property damage and environmental pollution. It highlights ex ente prevention and continuous improvement , with a high degree of self -restraint, self -improvement, self incentive mechanism. 8.5.2 Environmental monitoring plan According to the PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co Qinshui Basin CBM Field Zhengzhuang Block 900 Million m3/a Capacity Construction Project Environmental Impact Report, the project environmental monitoring plan splits into construction period monitoring plan and operation period monitoring plan. For the central treatment plant, Zheng 5-Zheng 1 gas-gathering stations and their gas-gathering pipeline works, their monitoring plan will be described in terms of construction period and operation period respectively as follows. 8.5.2.1 Construction period monitoring plan No environmental monitoring plan has been formulated for the central treatment plant, Zheng 5-Zheng 1 gas-gathering stations and their gas-gathering pipeline works. 8.5.2.2 Operation period monitoring plan Environmental monitoring plan for the central treatment plant, Zheng 5-Zheng 1 gas-gathering stations and their gas-gathering pipeline works is shown in Table 8.5-1. 15 Table 8.5-1 Operation period monitoring plan Monitoring Type Monitoring site Monitoirng plan Ferquency target Select one Ambient Industrial Continuous gas-gathering Total hydrocarbons, H2S、NOX、PM10 air waste gas monitoring station Gas-gathering Select four sites Equivalent continuous sound level A twice/year station Sound Central treatment Select five sites Equivalent continuous sound level A twice/year plant Operation period environmental monitoring is jointly performed by the PetroChina Environmental Monitoring Station and Jincheng Environmental Protection Monitoring Station. Jincheng Environmental Protection Monitoring Station is the State Class 2 environmental monitoring station, capable of issuing a monitoring report without administrative disturbance, ensuring its result correctness and authenticity and independently performing third party notary inspection. In the wake of 1990 when the station passed the provincial-level measurement attestation review, it passed State measurement attestation reexamination and renewal in 1995 and 2001 and obtained (01) LR (J) (U0015) “Measurement Attestation Certificate“. PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co’s own Environmental Monitoring Station is provided with necessary monitoring equipment, main equipment includes: Integrated atmospheric sampler, BOD5 incubator, COD5 analyzer, analytical balance, spectrophotometer, water flow meter, non-dispersive infrared oil content analyzer, ordinary sound level meter, refwellsiteerator, glass instrument (set), chemical reagents, etc, capable of meeting conventional item monitoring. The state needs assistance of the Jincheng Environmental Protection Monitoring Station to complete the project monitoring plan. 16 8.6 Analysis of the project similarities and differencesAnalysis of the project similarities and differences 8.6.1 Similarities The project associated project subject is PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co, also to be built in Qinshui county, simultaneously under surveillance of the Shanxi Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau, Jincheng Environmental Protection Bureau and Qinshui County Environmental Protection Bureau. Environmental management of Zhengzhuang Libi Well Area Cooperation Block World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited and its associated project will be exercised within the same management framework, meanwhile, PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co forms sits own environmental management agency to take charge of environmental management work under surveillance of the Shanxi Provincial Environmental Protection Bureau, Jincheng Environmental Protection Bureau and Qinshui County Environmental Protection Bureau. 8.6.2Differences PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co will build its own environmental monitoring station equipped with monitoring equipment and monitoring personnel, environmental monitoring will be jointly performed by its own environmental monitoring station and Jincheng Environmental Protection Monitoring Station. The environmental monitoring plan of Zhengzhuang Libi Well Area Cooperation Block World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited will all be entrusted to the Jincheng Environmental Protection Monitoring Station, thus saving environmental monitoring personnel training and environmental monitoring equipment purchase. Considering building its own environmental monitoring 17 station will be very hard to meet the needs of the project nvironmental monitoring, so fully utilizing technical equipment of the Jincheng Environmental Protection Monitoring Station. 8.7 Project implementation progress In December 2006, Shanxi Energy Industry Co Ltd accelerated front-end preparation for CBM project and signed the CBM Strategic Cooperation Agreement with PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co. In July 2007, it signed the CBM Cooperation Development agreement with PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co, jointly developing Qinshui Coalfield Zhengzhuang Libi Well Area Cooperation Block 50km2 CBM Field. Currently, PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co Qinshui Basin CBM field Zhengzhuang block 900 million m3/a capacity construction project is built and completed and has been put into operation. 18 9 Public Consultation Pursuant to Interim Measures on Public Participation in Environmental Impact Assessment (SEPA February 114, 2006, HF 2006[No.28]) and World Bank EIA requirements for Class A projects, with help of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited, two public participations were completed. The first time was consultation about construction project summary, EIA porcedure and main work content, while the second was consultation about EIA report. 9.1 First public consultaton 9.1.1 Approach of consultation The first public consultation used three ways: online first public review, Libi village posted the first public review and issuing public participation questionnaire, see Table 9.1-1. Table 9.1-1 List of first public consultation Consulting Consulating Organizer material Consultant Time period Location approach provided online first public review, Libi Shanxi Energy first public Some village posted CBM Investment review, public residents of End-November the first public Holding Limited participation Libi, Changbo, Libi Village 2012 to early review and and Chemical questionnaire Mayi, Mingshui Committee December issuing public Design Institue of and EIA and Wanze participation Shanxi Province outlines villages questionnaire Information disclosure was on http://www.sxcbm.cn/Article/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=57, considering teh project site is in rural area and it is hard to know the project information from the Internet, a notice was posted in the main village of the project construction 1 area – Libi – on November 29-December 10, 2012. In December 2012 a public survey was held by issuing questionnaire, participants were Some residents of Libi, Changbo, Mayi, Mingshui and Wanze villages; meanwhile, one copy of EIA Outlines was left in the Libi Village Committee for lookup by residents. Details of the first public review are as follows: First Public Review of Public Participation for Zhengzhuang Libi Well Area Cooperation Block World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited EIA I. Construction project name and overview Construction project name: Zhengzhuang Libi Well Area Cooperation Block World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited Construction site: In Zhengzhuang block Libi wellblock in the PetroChina Huabei Oilfield registration area in Qinshui county and Yangcheng county, geographic coordinates are longtitude 112°14′58″～112°19′25″ east and latitude 35°41′19″～35°45′18″ north. Construction nature: New construction Construction project overview: World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Demonstration Project is IFO supported China’s first CBM CBM development and utilization demonstration project and provincial key project. Shanxi Energy Industry Group Co Ltd as the World Bank project subject is Shanxi Province’s earliest CBM development and utilization enterprise and the only enterprise assigned with CBM franchise by the provincial government. In view of the fact that PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co has extensive CBM resource blocks and evident exploration, drilling and exploitation technical advantages,has obtained exploration and mining wellsitehts of Shanxi Qinshui coalfield Zhengzhuang block CBM resources, intends to cooperate with Shanxi Energy Industry Group Co Ltd in joint development of CBM resources in a bid to further support development and construction of Shanxi CBM industry, both prties decided to jointly develop the project. Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited, a subsidary of Shanxi Energy Industry Group Co Ltd, takes charge of the cooperation block World Bank loan CBM development utilization project. 2 Main construction content includes wellsites, gas-gathering station, gas production and gathering pipelines, measurement pigging station, production command center, road wroks, water supply and drainage works and HVAC facilities. The project has an area of 50km2 ，and capacity scale of 2.1318×108 m3/a. the development mode is straight well and directional well development via drainage and gas production and overall decompression. 323 wells are drilled, including 307 effective wells. The single well capacity of straight wells is 2000 m3/d, that of directional wells is 1600 m3/d； capaicty construction period is 3 years, accumulative new capacity is 2.1318×108 m3，steady production lasts almost 3 years, cumulative gas production is 27.05×108m3 within the 18-year production period. The construction content includes 323 gas wells (form 307 effective wells), 1 gas-gathering station, 80 gas production pipelines, 4.141 km access road to the station (pitted road) and 70954m access road to the site (access road). Aggregate investment of the project involves RMB214.0501 million. II. Construction unit name and contact Construction unit name: Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited Contact phone: 0356-7039258 Person-to-contact: Mr Guo Address: Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited III. EIA unit name and contact EIA agency: Chemical Design Institute of Chemical Province Contact: Tel: 0351-6187442 Fax: 0351-6179995 Post code: 030024 Email：sxhgyhpzx@126.com 3 Person-to-contact: Wang, engineer Address: No.3 Dongyixiang, Houwang Street, Wanbo Forest Area, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province IV. EIA Procedure and Main Work Content EIA procedure: Enterprise entrust – site reconnaissance – project survey – preparation of EIA report (including public participation and survey) – submitd to the World Bank EIA main work content: Construction project overview, natural and social environmental overview of the project area, project engineering analysis (including clean production, standard emissions, etc), project environmental impact analysis (including ambient air, water environment, acoustic environment, solid waste, etc), roposal comparison, public participation, environmental management and monitoring plan, environmental protection measures and conclusions. V. Main items of public view solicitation Will the project construction have any unfavorable impact on your living and work? Will the project construction boost the local economy? Do you agree this project site for development and construction? What are your views and requests for the project construction? VI. Approaches for the public to voise views According to SEPA 2006 No.28 “Interim measures on public participation in EIA”, the project needs public participation, the construction unit or evaluation unit is requested to apply public known method to disclose relevant EIA information to the public. The information disclosure is aimed at letting the public know the construction project name, capacity, construction site and project nature, advising the public of information relavant to the project construction unit and the project evaluation unit so that the public, from intuitive feeling of environmental quality of the local area as long-term residence, can make objective, fair and true judgement about advantages and disadvantages of the project construction and reflect different views or suggestions about the project construction to the construction unit, evaluation unit, local environmental protection department, local 4 government or village committee via telephone, fax and email. The evaluation unit will pay full attention to public views during the evaluation process, collect relevant proposals and comments by holding ublic participation forum, individual visits, issuing public participation questionnaires among other forms and provide public basis for the evaluation unit to perform scientific evaluation. Views are solicitated from the date of issuance of the notice, and the public may within 10 working days after the date of issuance voice views on environmental protection of the construction project to the construction unit or the evaluation unit. Construction unit: Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited November 29, 2012 Online first public review screenshot is shown in Fiugre 9.1-1, Libi village posted first public review photo is shown in Fiugre 9.1-2. 5 Figure 9.1-1 Online first public review screenshot Figure 9.1-2 Libi village posted first public review 6 9.1.2 Survey content The first public participation survey was conducted mainly for five villages – Changbo, Libi, Mayi, Mingshui, Wanze, concerning the proejct characteristics and drainage, and survey content is shown in Table 9.1-2. Table 9.1-2 Front side of the questionnaire Public participation questionnaire Project overview World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Demonstration Project is IFO supported China’s first CBM CBM development and utilization demonstration project and provincial key project. Shanxi Energy Industry Group Co Ltd as the World Bank project subject is Shanxi Province’s earliest CBM development and utilization enterprise and the only enterprise assigned with CBM franchise by the provincial government. In view of the fact that PetroChina Huabei Oilfield Co has extensive CBM resource blocks and evident exploration, drilling and exploitation technical advantages,has obtained exploration and mining wellsitehts of Shanxi Qinshui coalfield Zhengzhuang block CBM resources, intends to cooperate with Shanxi Energy Industry Group Co Ltd in joint development of CBM resources in a bid to further support development and construction of Shanxi CBM industry, both prties decided to jointly develop the project. The project is located in Zhengzhuang block Libi wellblock in the PetroChina Huabei Oilfield registration area in Qinshui county and Yangcheng county, geographic coordinates are longtitude 112°14′58″～112°19′25″ east and latitude 35°41′19″～35°45′18″ north. The project construction complies with the State and provincial relevant industrial policies, with good social, economic and environmental protection benefits. Environmental Performance The project during construction period will generate waste gas, wastewater, mechanical noise and construction garbage, etc, and will generate certain unfavorable impact on the 7 surrounding environment. However, the impact is short-term and reversible and such impact will disappear s the construction activities are ended. During the project operation period, waste gas pollutant is mainly water heater smoke. The water heater fuel is CBM, CBM does not contain H2S，so smoke does not contain SO2， main pollutant is trace of smoke and NOx. After the pollution prevention and control measures set in EIA are taken, the said pollutants will meet the emission limits. Wastewater pollutants mainly stem from sewage and effulent of gas-gathering stations, water treatment stations and production command center. Drainage of gas-gathering stations and water treatment stations is mainly drainage of kitches and dining halls into the evaporation ponds for natural evaporation. Production and domestic wastewater enters the underground comprehensive sewage treatment equipment for precipitation, anoxic/anaerobic/aerobic biochemical, filter and disinfection treatment. Solid waste mainly consists of waste slag from pigging operation and domestic garbage from all stations. Pigging slag is collected and delivered to the Jincheng solid waste treatment center for disposition. Domestic garbage is collected and delivered to the local domestic garbage treatment station for disposition. All solid waste will be comprehensively utilized and reasonably disposed. Benefit analysis The project construction can not only sharpen corporate market competitiveness, but also increase regional fiscal tax revenue, absorb rura surplus labor, improve staff’s living standard, thus with good economic and social benefits. Back side of questionnaire Public view solicitation table name gender company education age address Consultation Your attitude 1. What do you think about the living environment? A. Very good B. Average C. Poor 8 2. What are environmental aspects having major impacts on your living? A. air B. surface river C. groundwater D. sound environment E. solid environment 3. How did you know about the project construction? A. media e.g.paper, TV B. government notice C. folk rumors D. no idea about the project 4. How much do you know the project environmental protection measures? A. Very much B. just so so C. No idea 5.What role do you think the project will play in supporting local economic construction? A. Important B.just so so C.No role at all 6. What do you think are the primary concern of the project construction in terms of environmental protection? A. application of advanced technology B. step up pollution control C. enhance management 7. Were the following producton environments of your living area subject to adverse impact? A. surface vegetation reduction B. crop yield reduction C. grave loss of water and soil D.No 8. What impact do you think the project construction will have on your current living? A. Favorable impact B. No impact 9. Do you think the project site is appropriate? A.Yes B. No C.It does not matter. 9 10.Do you support the project construction? A.Yes B.No C.It does not matter. Please state reasons of your support or objection to the project construction, are there any other suggestions or comments? Form filling instructions: 1. The form is designed to understand residents’ attitude to the construction project in the evaluation area from environmental protection perspective, you are requested to, from intuitive feeling of environmental quality of the local area as long-term residence, can make judgement about advantages and disadvantages of the project and provide public basis for the environment authorities’ decision-making. 2. Please select the most appropriate reply or nearest reply at your disposal and fill in the wellsiteht blank. 3. The form distribution scope is the residents surrounding the project site and relevant departments. 9.1.3 Survey result statistics 9.1.3.1 Resondents composition The public participants composition is shown in Table 9.1-2, and detailed name, address,etc are shown in Appendix 6. Table 9.1-2 Public participants statistics gender age occupation education Number Suvey Below Above of Senior object junior senior people male female ≤30 30-50 ≥50 farmer worker cadre middle middle middle school school school residents 100 81 19 10 58 32 73 19 8 27 9 64 Percentage % 81 19 10 58 32 73 19 8 27 9 64 10 9.1.3.2 Survey result statistics Survey result statistics are shown in Table 9.1-3. Table 9.1-3 Survey result statistics Number Percentage Survey content view of （%） people What do you think about the living A、Very good 87 87 environment? B、Average 13 13 C、Poor 0 0 A、air 51 51 What are environmental aspects B、surface river 2 2 having major impacts on your living? C、groundwater 23 23 D、sound environment 0 0 E、solid environment 24 24 A、media e.g.paper, TV 6 6 How did you know about the project B、government notice 83 83 construction? C、folk rumors 11 11 D 、 no idea about the 0 0 How much do you know the project A、Very much 7 7 environmental protection measures? B、just so so 80 80 C、No idea 13 13 What role do you think the project will A、Important 69 69 play in supporting local economic B.just so so 30 30 construction? C、No role at all 1 1 What do you think are the primary A、application of advanced 15 15 concern of the project construction in B、step up pollution control 37 37 terms of environmental protection? C、enhance management 48 48 A 、 surface vegetation 5 5 Were the following producton reduction environments of your living area B、crop yield reduction 11 11 subject to adverse impact? C、grave loss of water and 5 5 D、No 79 79 What impact do you think the project A、Favorable impact 98 98 construction will have on your current B、No impact 2 2 living? A、Yes 99 99 Do you think the project site is B、No 0 0 11 appropriate? C、It does not matter. 1 1 Do you support the project A、Yes 100 100 construction? B、No 0 0 C、It does not matter. 0 0 As apparent from the table, the public 100% support the project and express satisfaction to the present environmental status of the area; think major environmental impacts on the living are waste gas, solid waste adn wastewater, so the project must pay special attention to waste gas impact on environment. 9.1.3.3 Major environmental concerns Through the public participation, the public’s major environmental concerns are as follows: 1. Whether the project can promote regional economic development and improve people’s living standard. 2. Whether environmental management can be implemented effectively and environmental protection can be performed well during the project construction and operation. 3. The project recruitment can solve local labor employment as much as possible and improve local ublic infrastructure. 9.2 Second public consultaton 9.2.1 Approach of consultation The second public consultation used five ways: Random visits, online second public review, villages posted the second public review, local paper carriage and holding Public participation symposium, see Table 9.2-1. 12 Table 9.2-1 List of second public consultation Consulting Consulating Time Organizer material Consultant Location approach period provided Random visits, online second Second public public review, Shanxi Energy review and full Some residents villages posted the CBM Investment Village text of EIA of Libi, Changbo, second public Holding Limited April-May Committees report (with Mayi, Mingshui review, local paper and Chemical 2013 of all environmental and Wanze carriage and Design Institue of villages management villages holding Public Shanxi Province plan) participation symposium Some villagers of Libi were visited and their views and requests of the project were inquired during the project site reconnaissance on April 10, 2013. On May 3-16, 2013, the project second public review was staged on the website of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited, considering the project site is in rural area and information disclosre via the paper has certain limit, the second public review was posted in main villages of the project construction area: Libi, Changbo, Mayi, Mingshui and Wanze villages on May 3-16, 2013. The Public participation symposium was held in the Floor 2 meeting room of the Project Department in the Qinshui county family member courtyard of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited on May 3, 2013, meanwhile, the full text of teh EIA report (with environmental management plan) was provided for the participants to read. The local paper “Qinshui Today“ carried the public review on May 10, 2013. Libi village mayor Chen Xulong’s viewe about the project was heard during a site random visit. He said it was a good project, but more sprinkling and less tree felling were expected from construction; more trees should be planted after construction. Especially construction road must be hardened for the benefit of the project construction and future use by villagers. 13 Details of the second public review are as follows: EIA Information Disclosure for Zhengzhuang Libi Well Area Cooperation Block World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited I. Construction project profile The project is located in Zhengzhuang block Libi well block of PetroChina Huabei Oilfield registration area, gasfield has an area of 50km2，construction capacity is 2.1318×108 m3/a， construction content includes 323 gas wells (307 effective wells), one gas-gathering station, 80 km gas production lines, 4.141 km ptted road and 70,954 m access road; total investment is RMB214.0501 million. II. Possible impact of construction project on environment Environmental issues the project may twellsiteger are mainly represented in the following aspects: 1. Impact on ambient air Construction period: exhaust from diesel engine operation during drilling, construction dust generated from gas production pipeline excavation, access road and Zheng 5 gas-gathering station construction. Operation period: Zheng 5 gas-gathering station fires CBM as fuel and pollutants are fume and NOX. 2. Impact on water environment Construction period: Drilling waste gas and domestic sewage of contruction workers. Operation period: Zheng 5 gas-gathering station sewage. 3. Impact on sound environment Construction period: Noise mainly stems from construction plant and vehicles. 4. Impact on solid waste environment Construction period: Spoil, drilling rock debris and domestic sewage of contruction workers. Operation period: Waste slag and domestic garbage from pigging. 14 5. Impact on naturalforest environment Construction period access road and wellsites occupy 631 mu woodland, including 327 mu State-owned forest farm, 261 mu collective forest farm and 43 mu conflicted forest farm. Construction of the access road and wellsites will cause damage to 631 mu woodland. III. Measures highlights for preventing or reducing adverse environmental impact 1. Waste gas control Construction period: diesel engines use clean fuel; CBM is vented through flare during the production period; inhibit construction dust by sprinkling; 800 m3 spoil is evened by sections on the access road, no spoil ground; construction powder material is covered, construction living area is located upwind the construction area; surface vegetations along the pipeline are recovered after construction is completed. Operation period: Zheng 5 gas-gathering station uses gas-fired double-function wall-mounted boiler and burns CBM, which is vented through the 8m-high chimney; timely green recovery of temporary road and temporary land and timely hardening of permanent road. 2.Wastewater control Construction period: Wellsites build anti-seepage slurry pond to collect drilling mud; domesic sewage anti-seepage collection and evaporation pond is provided. Select dry season for construction; set up dry toilet and domestic garbge centralized pipeup site. Operation period: gas-gathering station is provided with ecological toilet, kitch and dining hall drainage is collected to the evaporation pond for evaporation. Wellsite produced water enters the wellsite evapoaration pond, is hauled via tank car to the water treatment station for RO treatment, post-treatment water meets Class 1 emission standard. 3. Noise pollution and prevention Construction period: Select small noise construction plant; pay attention to machine maintenance so that construction plant maintains its lowest sound level; anti-sound earbuds are distributed to workers. Operation period: Zheng 5 gas-gathering station daytime and night noise level can meet Class 2 criteria of the Noise emission standard of industrial enterprise boundaries (GB12348-2008). 4.Solid waste control 15 Construction period: Drilling mud is collected into the anti-seepage slurry pond, reclaim after completion, curing and 50cm loess coverage; drilling rock debris is piled up in the anti-seepage rock debris pond, covered with 50cm loess after completion and reclaim. Construction waste material is recycled, irrecyclable material is hauled to the designated construction material treatment site. Domestic garbage is collected and hauled to the Zhengzhuang town domestic garbage treatment station for disposition. Operation period: pigging slag is collected and handed over to Jincheng solid waste treatment center for disposition; domestic garbage is collected and hauled to the localdomestic garbage treatment station for disposition. 5. Natural forest protection and recovery measures For the permanently occupied 307.73 mu woodland, the construction unit dodges dense woodland and selects sparse woodland and shrub woodland at the wellsite and access road site selection stage, the builder is required not to harvest forest; for the temporary 323.4 mu woodland, timely reforestation after construction and vegetations recover are required. Ⅳ.Environmental impact assessment conclusions highlights The project meets the State and Shanxi provincial relevant industrial policies and the site chosen meets the local development status. Key pollutants may meet emission imits after all environmental protection measures in EIA are implemented and meet regional aggregation control and environmental quality requirements. Therefore, from environmental protection perspective, the project construction is feasible. V. Approach to solicit public views Issuing questionnaire, holding Public participation symposium, online public review, local media notice. VI. Approach and timing for the public lookup of EIA report summary The public may by May 16, 2013, or within 10 days of the date of the public review, look up the full text of EIA report (containing environmental management plant) in the Shanxi CBM Co Ltd Project Office and Libi Village Committee. VII. Timing of public view solicitation May 3-16， 2013. VIII. Contact 16 Construction unit: Shanxi CBM Co Ltd Contact phone: 0356-7039258 EIA agency: Chemical Design Institute of Shanxi Province Contact: Tel: 0351-6180867 Fax: 0351-6179995 Email：sxhgyhpzx@126.com Shanxi CBM Co Ltd May 3, 2013 Online second public review screenshot is shown in Fiugre 9.2-1, villages posted second public review photo is shown in Fiugre 9.2-2 and local paper notice photo is shown in Fiugre 9.2-3 and Fiugre 9.2-4. 17 Figure 9.2-1 Online second public review screenshot 18 Wanze village Libi village Mayi village Mingshui village Changbo village Figure 9.2-2 Villages posted second public review 19 Figure 9.2-3 Local newspaper use 20 Figure 9.2-4 Full view of notice-carried paper 9.2.2 Public participation symposium Time: May 3, 2013 Venue: Floor 2 meeting room of the Project Department in the Qinshui county family member courtyard of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited Organizer: Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited Participants: mayors or Party secretaries of Zhangzhuang, Libi, Wanze, Mayi and Changbo villages, relevant rponsible persons of the EIA unit and Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited. 21 Theme: EIA Public participation symposium of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited Zhengzhuangli Bijing Cooperatio Block World Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project Information available: EIA report (containing environmental management plan), two copies each. Meeting key content: The meeting was chairmed by head of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited. Firs of all, a relevant responsible person of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited made a brief account of the project, then the EIA unit responsible person presented the project production process, possible environmental problems, proposed environmental protection measures. Participating village cadres voiced their respective views of the project construction: ①all believed the porject is far from teh villages and will notcause impact on the village environment; ②woodland should be finalized. A relevant responsible person of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited vowed the project construction will certainly be people-based, exert utmost to solve environmental protection issues, while bringing economic benefits for the locality, meet pollutant emission limits and reduce pollution to the surrounding environment as much as possible. Public participation symposium site is shown in Figure 9.2-5. 22 Figure 9.2-5 Public participation symposium 9.2.3 Meeting conclusions The public said the project is far from the villages and construction activities during construction will not cause impact on the villages; the project has no impact on the environment. The public were satisfied with environmental impact analysis and environmental protection measures, expressed support to the project and satisfaction to environmental protection adopted in EIA. 23 10 Information Disclosure 10.1 How and what 10.1.1 How Provide the full text of the EIA report, put it in the Project Department of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited and Libi Village Committee for lookup on May 3, 2013. The full text of the EIA report was published on the website of Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited -- http://www.sxcbm.cn/Article/ShowArticle.asp?ArticleID=61. 10.1.2 What The report mainly includes: 1. The construction project overview; 2. Possible impact of the construction project on environment; 3. Measures to prevent or assuage adverse environmental impact; 4. EIA conclusions highlights. Information about the construction unit and EIA agency is as folows: Construction unit: Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited Cntact Tel: 0356-7039258 Evaluation agency: Chemical Design Institute of Shanxi Province Contact Tel: 0351-6187442 Fax: 0351-6179995 1 E-mail：sxhgyhpzx@126.com 10.2 Public review proposal and reply Suggestions and reply to the information disclosed are shown in Table 10.2-1. Table 10.2-1 Public consultation suggestions and reply Public Reply suggestions Anti-seepage slurry pond during construction, evaporation pond for construction 1.Wastewater domestic sewage. 2. Consgtruction Reasonablly determine wellsite locations, no less than 70m of the community, night noise construction is forbidden near the community during construction period. 3. The project employs environmental protection construction supervisor during Implementation construction period; environmental management agency takes charge during of environmental protection operation; publish actual environmental impact result to the public through measures environmental monitoring 4. Ecological Ensure ecological recovery effect through the implementation of the environmental recovery effect management plan. The public may lodge complains to the Qinshui County Environmental Protection 4. Public Bureau and Jincheng City Environmental Protection Bureau, which will work to solve complain conflicts between the enterprise and the public and corporate environmental protection malpractices. The enterprise guaranteesto locally employ some labor which does not require high 5. Employment skills, increase income of residents and try to improve local utilities construction. 10.3 Conclusions Through information disclosure, the public has basic understanding of the project construction overview, environmental impact of the project, environmental protection measures taken, the questions raised by the public are replied to their satisfaction. 2 11 Evaluation Conclusions 11.1 Project overview Zhengzhuang Libi Wellblock Cooperation Block is located in Zhengzhuang block Libi wellblock in the PetroChina Huabei Oilfield registration area, an area of 50 km2 ， and capacity scale of 2.1318×108 m3/a. the development mode is straight well and directional well development via drainage and gas production and overall decompression. 323 wells were drilled, including 307 effective wells. The single well capacity of straight wells is 2000 m3/d, that of directional wells is 1600 m3/d；capaicty construction period is 3 years, accumulative new capacity is 2.1318×108 m3，steady production lasts almost 3 years, cumulative gas production is 27.05×108 m3 within the 18-year production period. The construction content includes 323 gas wells (form 307 effective wells), 1 gas-gathering station, 80 gas production pipelines, 4.141 km access road to the station and 70,954 m access road to the site. Aggregate investment of the project involves RMB 214.0501 million. The project selected well completion mode is perforated casing completion, 13 1/2” section-well structure is applied, no solid or low solid drilling fluid (non toxicity and harmless ingredients) is used, casing and cement are used for cementing, with 30-day drilling cycle. Through fracturing, coal bed drainage adn decompression is accelerated, CBM desorption and flow are boosted, fracturing fluid is water + 2.0% potassium cloride + 0.2% surfactant （DL-10 or D50）＋ a small amount of fungicide. After CBM enters the gas-gathering station through gas production mains, it undergoes gas-liquid searation in the separator, enters the skid-mounted compressor for boosting and compression in two steps. Boosted CBM 1 pressure is 1.65Mpa dependent on location of gas-gathering station in the grid, cooled to 54 ℃ via the air col -well series and LV transmission iwhtout alcohol injection. An 80km gas production pipeline is laid. 11.2 Present Environmental Status The project is located in Qinshui Basin west of the Taihang Mountains, mountain foothills, valley cutting, bedrock outcrops. Landforms are fairly complicated, relative height difference is 600m, EL700 ～ 1300m. it is surrounded by mountains, primarily Lishan, Laodiaoya and Lutaishan peaks. The project site belongs to temperate monsoon cliamte area, with distinct continental climate and four seasons, long winter and short summer, hot rainy season, strong monsoon wind. In spring, it is dry and windy, most draught; in summer, it is hot and rainy, unevenly rain and heat; in autumn, it is mild and comfortable and slightly rainy; in winter, it is cold with little sunlight and sparse rain and snow. The project site surfae water is Qin River tributary of the Yellwo River, main rivers are Qin River and Qinshui River. Since the Qinshui Basin is surrounded by mountains, high in the southwest and low in the sutheast, rivers converge on the Qinshui River, flow out of the border southward and empty into the Yellow River. 1. Ambient Air Quality The project ambient air quality status monitoring applies environmental status data of the Shanxi Provincial Environmental Monitoring Central Station as entrusted by the Qinshui Basin CBM Field Zhengzhuang Block 900 Million m3/Year Capacity Construction Project on July 17-23, 2009. From the monitoring result, daily average concentration of TSP、PM10、SO2、NO2 and non-methane hydrocarbons is 0.110-0.499 mg/Nm3, 0.045-0.288 mg/Nm3, 0.011-0.027 mg/Nm3,0.011-0.064 mg/Nm3 and 0.233-0.602 mg/Nm3 respectively. Their single factor index ranges are 0.36-1.66 、 0.30-1.52 、 2 0.07-0.18 、 0.09-0.53 and 0.047-0.120 respectively. Of the five monitored pollutants, TSP and PM10 in the Zhengzhuang block location and Duanshi town are excessive, while the rest pollutants in all monitoring sites meet the corresponding environemtnal quality standard requirements, indicating ambient air quality status in the evaluation area is fairly good. 2. Surface water environmental quality The project surface water status monitoring applies environmental status data of the Shanxi Provincial Environmental Monitoring Central Station as entrusted by the Qinshui Basin CBM Field Zhengzhuang Block 900 Million m3/Year Capacity Construction Project on August 3-5, 2009. Monitoring result shows all indexes of cross-section water monitoring in Qinshui tZhengzhuang town meet Class V criteria of “Surface water environmental quality standard” （GB3838-2002） and water quality is good. 3. Groundwater quality The project groundwater status monitoring applies environmental status data of the Shanxi Provincial Environmental Monitoring Central Station as entrusted by the Qinshui Basin CBM Field Zhengzhuang Block 900 Million m3/Year Capacity Construction Project on August 3, 2009. The evaluation result shows Hengzhuang village water well is heavily polluted, total hardness, nitrate, nitriate, total choliforms are all beyond the criteria, total choliforms excess is the severest, maximum excess is 12-folds. Its excess is attributed to all local resident pool water is central tap water, most wells are rejected as drinking water source and no longer under control, there are a lot of rotten sticks and dry leaves, causing nitrate, nitriate and total choliforms excess. 4. Acoustic environment The project wellsites and stations are all away from the residential areas, acoustic environment is mainly natural noise, analog LNG plant area noise 3 level daylight noise level is between 35.3dB(A)～37.8dB(A), night noise level is between 32.6dB(A)～33.2dB(A), both daylight and night meet level 1 criteria limits in the “Acoustic environment noise standard”. 11.3 Environmental Impact and Mitigation Measures 11.3.1 Construction period environmental impact 11.3.1.1 Drilling works 1. Water environmental impact and mitigation measures When drilling encounters shallow aquifer or aquifer zone, inject cement for sealing when casing is lowered to prevent groundwater seepage. Due to large stratum pressure, very little drilling slurry and fracturing liquid enters aquifers, thus very small impact on groundwater. Key components of drilling slurry are drilling fluid and drilling rock debris, there is a anti-seepage slurry pool for drilling slurry so that slurry will not seep and affect groundwater. Drilling fluid and fracturing liquid are both non-toxicity and harmless substances. Wastewater stored in the anti-seepage slurry pool will neither seep or spill. 30～50cm earth dam can be built around the slurry pool and dredge water channel depending on the terrain by raising fense around the slurry pool to prevent storn surface runoff entering the pool and protect the slurry pool from leakage due to storm overflow. Adjust the wellsite planned in the river course, the wellsite should be planned above recurrence flood in 100 years, distance from the water should be more than 100m to avoid drilling impact on surface water quality. 2. Air environmentalimpact analysis and mitigation measures Drilling of 323 wells will be implemented in three years, each well drilling period is set at about 30 days, single well emission is 37.56kg SO2, 370.82kg 4 NOX, the area ambient air quality is good, with slightly weak impact of drilling process on ambient air. Trial produced CBM is burned by flaring, as CBM does not contain H2S， exhaust is mainly CO2, with slightly weam impact ambient air. Construction dust affected range can generally be controlled within 50m of the construction site. Drilling is more than 100m from the village, so drilling process has no impact on residents. 3. Acoustic environmental impact and mitigation measures Noise value 70m of the derrick reaches the day and night limit in type 2 area criteria in “Noise emission standards at the boundary of industrial enterprises” （GB12348-2008） , noise value 200m of the derrick basically meets the night criteria. From community distribution and wellsite distribution in the gasfield, residents in six villages will not be affected by drilling noise either during the day or at night. 4. Solid waste environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Solid waste during construction includes slurry, waste drill, rock debris and domestic garbage. Drilling slurry undergoes curng treatment, drilling rock debris undergoes landfill treatment in the wellsite, drill is recycled, domestic garbage is collected and hauled to Zhengzhuang town domestic garbage handling station for treatment. 5. Ecological environmental impact Vegetation biomass loss caused by the project land occupation is about 94.93t/a，including 21.81t, 38.22t and 34.90t biomass loss caused by farmland, low coverage grassland and woodland occupation respectively. Drilling construction period causes RMB 16,100/yer agricultural economic loss. Temporarily occupied land is reclaimed after construction is completed. 5 6. Impact on nature reserve Yanshan Nature Reserve is about 350m of the project gasfield boundary and 2.73km of the project nearest wellsite, so drilling works will not cause impact on Yanshan Nature Reserve. 7. Impact on cultural relics The three cultural relics – Wangzhuang Dragon King Temple, Zhangzhuang Niuwang Temple and Zhangzhuang Attic – are 220m, 340m and 340m of the nearest project proposed wellsite. From the joint reconnaissance meeting minutes of Qinshui county government departments dated January 24, 2013, the selected site of the proposed wellsite is agreed in principle. As the above three cultural relics are far from the wellsite (more than 200m), drilling generated exhaust and noise, etc will not cause impact on them. 8. Impact on woodland The project wellsite occupied woodland area totals 251.99 mu, including 58.35 mu permanent occupation and 193.64 mu temporary occupation. During drilling construction, wellsite leveling and spud works will destroy the occupied 251.99 woodland. Mitigation measures: Wellsite selection generally dodged dense forest and targeted shrub forest and secondary forest area as candidates. The builder is required not to harvest forest during the wellsite construction period. Timely reforestation is required after construction completion. 9. Impact on villages within the gasfield range The nearest village to the wellsite in the gasfield range is Zhangzhuang, 100m away. From the above analysis, the largest impact drilling may cause on villages is noise and Zhangzhuang noise value during day and at night can 6 meet type 2 criteria in the “Noise emission standard at the boundary of industrial enterprises” （GB12348-2008）. 11.3.1.2 Station site 1. Water environmental impact and mitigation measures The projet foundation excavation depth is less than 5m and will not destroy underground aquifer, construction period has no construction wastewater discharge and will not pollute the underground aquifer, so the project construction period has no impact on groundwater. Construction period main drainage is construction load, flushing and a small amount of doemstic sewage of construction workers, such draiinage is collected in a centralized way and then evaporaed naturally, with very small impact on water environment. Main pollutants are COD、BOD5、SS, etc. 2. Atmospheric environmental impact and mitigation measures Construction will increase TSP concentration in local area ambient air; analog survey shows construction site surface soil may rise in heavy wind and its affected range may entend 50m of the construction site edge. Excess powder concentration will severely affect surrounding ambient air quality and affect normal life of residents and construction workers. In case of unbalanced excavation and backfill, the builder should properly gandle surplus earth to avoid contamination to surrounding environment. Cover constructin powder material to prevent dust, and control dust by sprinkling the ground in dry and windy weather. Construction team living area should be located upwind the construction area. 3. Acosutic environmental impact and mitigation measures As apparent from Table 4.1-8, during foundation stage hammers are forbidden from night construction, 210m during the day and 350m at night can 7 meet the type 1 area standard requirement of the “Acoustic ambient noise standard” （GB3098-2008）. The station is more than 500m of the village community, so construction has no impact on residents’ living. 4. Solid waste environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures Solid waste generated from construction acitivits largely consist of construction waste, rejected earth,stone and scraps and a small amount of doemsic garbage. Construction waste is recycled, unrecyclable waste is hauled to the designated construction garbage treatment ground. Collected domestic garbage is transported to Zhengzhuang town domestic garbage landfill for treatment. 5. Ecological environmental impact ecolgical environmental impact during the project construction period is mainly represented in land requisition, land excavation will destroy owellsiteinal surface vegetations and cause new water and soil loss, and taking and rejecting soil will produce damaging impact on the ecological enrionment. Construction site excavation will cause disturbance to land and cause water and soil loss, but only limited to the site. 6. Nature reserve impact analysis Zheng 5 gas-gathering station is 4.5km of Yanshan Nature Reserve, and the station construction will not cause any impact on Yanshan Nature Reserve. 7. Cultural relics impact analysis Zheng 5 gas-gathering station is 1.80km 、 1.75km 和 1.85km from Wangzhuang Dragon King Temple, Zhangzhuang Jiuwang Tempe and Zhangzhuang Attic, three cultural relics and the station construction will not cause any impact on the above cultural relics. 8 8. Woodland impact analysis Zheng 5 gas-gathering station site is not woodland and its construction will not cause any impact on the woodland. 9. Analysis of impact on villages within the gasfield range Zheng 5 gas-gathering station is 2.2km of Zhangzhuang, the nearest village within the gasfield range and its construction will not cause any impact on gteh village. 11.3.1.3 Gas production and gathering grid The project gas-gathering branch line is 8.83km long from northwest to southeast and it is completed by PetroChina, without construction period environmental impact. 1. Water environmental impact and mitigation measures The gas pipeline does not cross the river, hence no impact on surface water. The gas line design bury depth is 1.1m (pipe bottom), pipe canal digging depth is 1.3m, hence no impact on groundwater. 2. Atmosphere environmental impact and mitigation measures Impact on ambient air during construction is largely represented in impact on environment by construction raising dust and secondary raising dust, during pipe laying, surface vegetations and farmland are destroyed, bare soil will produce dust in case of wind; Random pile-up of construction materials such as sand, cement and limestone without fense will generate secondary dust. Construction will increase TSP concentration in local area ambient air. 3. coustic environmental impact and mitigation measures 9 Construction plant noise levels are between 85～100dB(A). According to analog of other construction sites, daytime impact distance is about 60, and night impact distance is about 210m except hammers. Night construction is forbidden near the village. 4. Solid waste environmental impact and mitigation measures Gas pipe bury will produce spoil. The project gas production pipeline is 80km long, spoil is about 0.2 m3/m, as it involves a small number of cubic meters, it can be landfilled in the depression. Pipe is laid lon the terrain, as it has no channel works, no considerable earthwork is involved. Sewage of construction workers is collected in the camps, about 50t, after centralized collection, it is hauled to the domestic garbage handling ground for treatment. 5. Ecological environmental impact The pipeline land occupation leads to about 139.24 t/a production loss, including 131.54t 和 7.70t production loss caused by farmland and woodland occupation. The pipeline construction will cause RMB 97,100/year agricultural economic loss, given three years, it will cause about RMB 291,300 loss. 6. Nature reserve impact analysis The project gas production pipeline is 2.7km of Yanshan Nature Reserve in the nearest distance, so its construction will not impact on the Nature Reserve. 7. Cultural relics impact analysis The gas production pipeline has similar distance with Wangzhuang Dragon King Temple, Zhangzhuang Jiuwang Tempe and Zhangzhuang Attic to distance the wellsite has with the said relics, so its construction will not cause any impact on the above cultural relics. 10 8. Woodland impact analysis The gas production pipeline diameter is DN63-DN273.1, bury depth of 1.1m (pipe bottom), pipe canal digging depth of 1.3m, avoid dense forest area during construction, select sparse forest area for construction and do not harvest forest, make timely reforestation after construction completion, with these measures adopted, the gas production pipeline construction will not cause impact on the woodland. 11.3.1.4 Road works 1. Water environmental impact and mitigation measures Road works has no channel, excavation will not destroy underground quifer, hence no impact on groundwater. If domestic sewage and garbage of construction workers during construction are directly discharged into the river, the water will be contaminated. Therefore, the construction administration area and construction base need to dry toilet and domestic garbage centralized pile-up sites so that sewage can be used in agricultural irrgination and fertilizer application after centralized collection and domestic garbage can be treated in a centralized way. Improper care of construction materials and rain washing into water, causing water contamination. Therefore, pile-up site should be far away from civilian water wells and rivers and be provided with temporary shelter canvas. 2. Air environmentalimpact and mitigation measures Construction impact on ambient air is mainy represented in construction dust and secondary dust, spcecifically, dust from cement and earth agitation section well as well dust from transport vehicles and road machinery operation on the construction site. If pile-up of prone-to-dust-generation construction 11 materials such sand, cement and limestone has no fense and placed at random, it will produce secondary dust. Construction period will cause increased TSP concentration in ambient air of the local area. Mitigation measure is take sprinkling measure to effectively control dust. 3. Acosutic environmental impact and mitigation measures Construction equipment noise level is between 85 ～ 100dB(A) during construction. According to comparison of other construction sites, day and night impact range is about 60m, except hammers with about 210m impact range, night construction is forbidden near villages. 4. Solid waste environmental impact analysis and mitigation measures The 70954m access road applies diggin inside and filling outside, excavation is about 207,400 m3，filling is 213,600 m3，7,000 m3 earth is transferred from the wellsite and access road, spoil is 800 m3. There is not considerable spoil, access road is long, evening can be used for applicable ground by section, hence no spoil ground. Domestic garbage production is 10t. 5. Ecological environmental impact From the above table, production loss caused by the road works land occupation is about 159.62 t/a，including 24.10t and 3135.52 production loss caused by farmland and non-farmland occupation respectively. The road construction will cause RMB 267,000/year agricultural economic loss. 6. Nature reserve impact analysis The project proposed road is 2.4km of Yanshan Nature Reserve in the nearest distance, so the access road construction will not impact on the Nature Reserve. 7. Cultural relics impact analysis 12 Wangzhuang Dragon King Temple, Zhangzhuang Jiuwang Tempe and Zhangzhuang Attic, three cultural relics, are 200m, 220m and 270m of the nearest access road, so the access road construction will not cause any impact on the above cultural relics. 8. Woodland impact analysis The project access road occupies 379.14 mu woodland, including 249.38 mu permanent land occupation and 129.76 mu temporary land occupation. The access road construction will cause destruction to 379.14 mu woodland. During the access road site selection period, dodge dense woodland, select shrub area and secondary woodland as the proposed road. During the access road construction period, the builder is demanded not harvest forest. Timely reforestation after construction is required. Mitigation measures: 9. Analysis of impact on villages within the gasfield range Of the six villages within the gasfield range, Zhangzhuang, Qianbangou and Libi are the nearest villages to the proposed access road, 130m,70m and 100m respectively. The access road construction near these villages will cause some waste gas and noise impact on the said villages. Mitigation measures: When the access road construction approaches the villages, water sprinking should be done more often to reduce dust on the construction site. Road construction is arranged between 6:00～22:00, night (22:00-6:00) is forbidden to prevent noise disturbing residents. 11.3.2 Operation period environmental impact 11.3.2.1 Drilling works 1. Water environmental impact analysis 13 After production, groundwater line distribution surrounding the mining field will be changed, the water line within 27m of the drilling mining area will be broken and missing, somewhat lowering of water table will take place, forming precipitation funnel centering on the mining area, groundwater fow field will be reintegrated in distribution. However for a considerable period after mining, groundwater table will be recovered slowly. 2. Landscape environmental impact analysis Wellsite arrange changes owellsiteinalnatural ecological landscape, the owellsiteinal landscale pattern wil be broken by moving drilling in the area from space. Open-through of all pre-drilling road cuts owellsiteinal inserts, habitat fragmentation index increases, living environment of al organisms is relatively independent, that is, with decline of connectivity and human activity expansion, it changes in front of the ecological pattern of the block during operation, natural landscale will be replaced by artificial landscale, and drilling will become relatively eye-catching “environmental factor” in the construction area. Mitigation measures: Recover the owellsiteinal landform landscale after construction completion, drill should use landscale color harmonic to the natural landscape. 11.3.2.2 Station site 1. Water environmental impact analysis Gas-gathering station produces a small amount of domestic sewage, is drained in the evaporation pond for natural evaporation. 2. Noise environmental impact analysis Daytime level of the gas-gathering station boundaries is between 44.3dB(A) ～ 50.2dB(A), while night noise level is between 43.6dB(A) ～ 50.0dB(A), both meeting Class II area criteria of “Noise emission standard at the boundary of industrial enterprises” 14 3. Solid waste environmental impact analysis Solid waste of Zheng 5 gas-gathering station includes slag from pigging and domestic garbage. Pigging operation slag，after centralized collection, is delivered to the Jincheng Solid Waste Treatment Center for disposal. After centralized collection, domestic garbage is hauled to the local domestic garbage treatment station for disposal. Treated solid waste has no impact on environment. 4. Acosutic environmental impact Main atmospheric pollution source of the site atmospheric environmental impact is one 24 kW gas-fired double-function wall-mounted boiler, it consumes 2.31×104 m3/a CBM, generates about 27.73×104 m3/a waste gas. Fule is CBM, CBM does not contain H2S，flue gas does not contain SO2，main pollutant is trace element fume and NO. Flue gas meets the emission limits. 11.3.2.3 Gas production and gathering grid The gas production and gathering grid does not generate pollutants during operation and has no impact on environment. The pipe is laid underground, surface vegetations recovery is conducted after consumption completion, the pipe bury depth is more than 1m and has no impact on vegetations production, planting large trees within 5m of the pipeline is forbidden as tress roots affect normal operation of the pipeline. 11.3.2.4 Road works Road serves to facilitate access to all stations and wellsites during operation and haul of drainage from the wellsite to the water treatment station. There is a very small traffic on the road, the pitted road uses cement pavement, vehicle run has no dust, the road to the wellsite is an earth road, treated drainage water can be used for sprinkling during operation to prevent dust. The access road is an earth road, storn may generate water and soil loss during 15 operation, pay attention to recovery of loose surface vegetations after excavation. The road network facilitates activities of residents, the area is more affected by human activities, animal activity range will be rarrowed, wild animals will further decline. Meanwhile, the network destroys the owellsiteinal insert connectivity, thus increasing fragmentation. The owellsiteinal natural landscape environment will develop to artificial landscape and forma new ecological balance. 11.3.3 Repair/maintenance period environmental impact 11.3.3.1 Wellsite Wellsite repair/maintenance includes repair of machines and equipment, environmental impact is mainly mechanical wastewater entering environment and causing water environmental pollution. Equipment repair is totally enclosed, does not directly contact the environment and the equipment will be transported away altogether after repair. There will be CBM excape during repair, and excaped CBM is collected and fired and emitted through the venting pipe. 9.3.3.2 Station site Close all stop valves for gas-gathering station repair/maintenance, and escaped gas is collected and fired and emitted through the venting pipe. 11.3.3.3 Gas production and gathering grid Close all shut-off valves for gas production and gathering grid repair/maintenance, identify leakage part, then start development construction, closely monitor CBM concentration during construction, control fire source to avoid blasting during repair, advise residents nearby during repair to prevent accidents, and perform reclamation pursuant to the environmental protection measures during construction. 16 11.3.3.4 Road works Road repair/maintenance refers to repair of road section destroyed by human activities or natural disasters during operation, small-quantities repair will not have impact on environment. 11.4 Proposal Comparison 11.4.1 Produced water treatment proposal comparison Ion exchange invovles high operation cost with less investment, though and water yield quality declines with resin property degrade, with high requirement for operating level; membrane process physical treatment method, i.e., water desalting through RO treatment principle, desalination rate may reach above 95% and it is really an efficient desalination method. RO water yield not only meets farmland irwellsiteation water requirements, but also fully meets State living and drinking water requirements, providing yet another use route of recycle of treated wastewater. The membrane process physical treatment of water more meets the environmental need. 11.4.2 Well type comparison The project drills 323 wells including 91 straight wells and 232 directional wells, directional wells all apply cluster wells, it will minimize total wellsite land area, thus reduce construction land occupation and vegetations destruction during construction and helop protect natural environment. 11.4.3 Drilling mode comparison Drilling method 1 is the most common drilling method featuring strong adaptability and relatively low cost; Drilling method 2 is currently applied on a trial basis, due to insufficient air drilling equipment in China, there is no condition to implement air drilling under large-scale development. Therefore, 17 the first drilling method is recommended and the second should be actively spread. 11.4.4 Completion method comparison Completion method is casing perforation completion, casing and cement injection curing to protect aquifers, close connecting passages of all aquifers, help protect groundwater resources. 11.4.5 Required wellsite layout plan As multiple wells share one wellsite, the proposal involves less temporary land occupation and thus less damage to existing vegetations; low cost of green recovery after construction; easy for repair and management during operation, therefore, this proposal is applied for implementation. 11.5 Environment Management Plan Environmental management institute different organization in period of construction and operation, environmental management organization members are trained before in posts. Environmental management plan formulated complete environmental monitoring plan. Each of environmental management organization ability can meet the needs of the project environmental management, develop "Environmental monitoring report" of the project submitted to the relevant departments, according to the review of environment administrative department and complaint about possible environmental problems, to continuously improve the relevant part of the renovation management procedure, it is in order to complete the environmental management work better. 18 11.6 Safety Evaluation According to Safety Pre-Evaluation Report on Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holding Limited Zhengzhuang Libi Wellblock Cooperation Block World Bank Loan CBM Development” prepared by the State Petrochemical Project Risk Evaluation Technical Center in October 2007, the project construction can meet the safety production requirements. 11.7 Public participation Through two rounds of public participation, posting notice in reelvant villages, online public reivew, issuing public participation questionanaire, holding Public participation symposium, notie carriage in local newspaper, providing hard copy of EIA report (containing environmental management plan) and online public review of EIA report full text (containing environmental management plan), public participation result shows the public 100% supports the project construction, believes major issues on living are waste gas, solid waste and watewater, the project should pay special attention to waste gas impact on environment. 11.8 General conclusions Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited Zhengzhuang Libi Wellblock Cooperation Block World Bank Loan CBM Development Project meets the State “CBM (CMM) development and utilization program for the 11th Five-Year Plan Period“ ; meets local social and economic development program, Qinshui county urban overall plan, environmental protection plan and water environment function division. The project implementation may make up for insufficiency of oil and natural gas resources, effectively prevent accidents, imporve production conditions of miners and environmental conditions of clean energy use. 19 Construction of the Bank Loan CBM Development and Utilization Project CBM development works will inevitably generate unfavorable impact on ecological environment, surface water environment, groundwater environment, ambient air and acoustic environment, project construction will have positive effect on boosting local social and economic development and improving residents’ living standard. As long as 3-simultaneous work is implemented during the project execution and production, ecological recovery and pollution precautions developed in the assessment are taken, clean production and up-to-standard emissions and overall control target will be realized, unfavorable impact of the project will be minimized, economic benefits, social benefits and environmental benefits will be unified in an organic way and social and environmental sustained development can be realized. Therefore, from environmental protection perspective, Shanxi Energy CBM Investment Holdings Limited Zhengzhuang Libi Wellblock Cooperation Block World Bank Loan CBM Development Project construction is feasible. 20 Appendixes 1 Appendix 1 EIA Power of Attorney 2 Appendix 2 QMF [2013] No.177 3 4 5 Appendix 3 Joint reconnaissance site selection meeting minutes 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Appendix 4 Joint reconnaissance site selection site photos 19 Appendix 5 Public participation symposium sign-in sheet 20 Appendix 6 Public participation questionnaire respondents information Order Name Address Gender Age Education 中 专 Technical 1 尚艳丽 Shang Yanli Libi village Female 29 school Libi Male Senior middle 2 陈苗富 Chen Miaofu 60 school Libi Male Senior middle 3 豆军杰 Dou Junjie 47 school Libi Male Senior middle 4 陈亚东 Chen Yadong 49 school Libi Junior middle 5 曹文英 Cao Wenying Female 65 school Libi Male Senior middle 6 陈忠云 Chen Zhongyun 50 school Libi Male 初 中 Junior 7 翟建龙 Zhai Jianlong 58 middle school Libi Male Junior middle 8 陈旭龙 Chen Xulong 47 school Libi 专科 Professional 9 裴芳芳 Fei Fangfang Female 33 school Libi Male Junior middle 10 曹旭东 Cao Xudong 48 school Libi Male Senior middle 11 郭纪军 Guo Jinjun 45 school Libi Male Junior middle 12 陈晋峰 Chen Jinfeng 48 school Libi Junior middle 13 郭海燕 Guo Haiyan Female 46 school Libi Junior middle 14 陈米苗 Chen Mimiao Male 57 school 15 翟晚琴 Zhai Wanqing Libi Female 45 Junior middle 21 Order Name Address Gender Age Education school Libi Female Junior middle 16 张法娜 Chen Fana 27 school Libi Junior middle 17 李宋林 Li Songlin Male 29 school Libi Male Senior middle 18 张根善 Zhang Genshan 52 school 19 翟玉龙 Zhai Yulong Libi Male 54 Technical school Libi Male Senior middle 20 白红玉 Bai Hongyu 53 school 21 赵小金 Zhao Xiaojin Mayi village Male 53 未填写 Blank 22 刘麦善 Liu Maishan Mayi Male 43 Blank 23 赵陈云 Zhao Chenyun Mayi Male 43 Blank 24 刘建国 Liu Jianguo Mayi Male 44 Blank 25 吕春明 Lv Chunming Mayi Male 46 Blank 26 徐春梅 Xu Chunmei Mayi Female 56 Blank 27 杜政书 Du Zhengshu Mayi Male 58 Blank 28 赵文绪 Zhao Wenxu Mayi Male 54 Blank 29 赵跃武 Zhao Yuewu Mayi Male 43 Blank 30 刘秋元 Liu Qiuyuan Mayi Male 43 Blank 31 赵勇军 Zhao Yongjun Mayi Male 43 Blank 32 赵宋业 Zhao Songye Mayi Male 64 Blank 33 杨龙龙 Yang Longlong Mayi Male 42 Blank 34 杨文倩 Yang Wenqian Mayi Male 45 Blank 35 赵坦坦 Zhao Tantan Mayi Male 45 Blank 36 赵忠萍 Zhao Zhongping Mayi Female 47 Blank 37 段政书 Duan Zhengshu Mayi Male 43 Blank 38 杨 政 Yang Zheng Mayi Male 39 Blank 22 Order Name Address Gender Age Education 39 段杨红 Duan Yanghong Mayi Male 48 Blank 40 赵晚瑞 Zhao Wanrui Mayi Male Blank Blank Male Junior middle 41 席晚红 Xi Wanhong Wanze village 56 school Wanze Male Senior middle 42 李 琦 Li Qi 56 school Wanze Male Senior middle 43 王有让 Wang Yourang 62 school Wanze Male Junior middle 44 翟刘元 Zhai LIuyuan 48 school 45 刘海生 Liu Haisheng Wanze Male Blank Blank Wanze Male Junior middle 46 席毛毛 Xi Maomao 28 school Wanze Male Junior middle 47 高国富 Gao Guofu 55 school 48 裴利刚 Bei Ligang Wanze Female Blank Blank Wanze Male Junior middle 49 翟东兴 Zhai Dongxing 43 school Wanze Male Junior middle 50 都来花 Dou Laihua 60 school 51 任莎莎 Ren Shasha Wanze Female Blank Blank Wanze Female Junior middle 52 李英萍 Li Yingping 40 school 53 五朝胜 Wu Chaosheng Wanze Male Blank Blank 54 李沁军 Li Qinjun Wanze Male Blank Blank 55 张雪梅 Zhang Xuemei Wanze Female Blank Blank 56 刘成伟 Liu Chengwei Wanze Male Blank Blank Wanze Junior middle 57 翟小云 Zhai XIaoyun Female 42 school 58 张 忠 元 ZhangWanze Male 46 Junior middle 23 Order Name Address Gender Age Education Zhongyuan school Wanze Junior middle 59 张表苗 Zhang Maimiao Female 42 school 60 五海利 Wu Haili Wanze Male Blank Blank 61 景东东 Jing Dongdong Changbo village Male Blank Blank 62 五彩兰 Wu Cailan Changbo Female Blank Blank 63 豆海清 Dou Haiqing Changbo Male Blank Blank 64 刘金山 Liu Jinshan Changbo Male Blank Blank 65 王永永 Wang Yongyong Changbo Male Blank Blank 66 王凤英 Wang Fengying Changbo Female Blank Blank 67 王 华 Wang Hua Changbo Male Blank Blank 68 郭海河 Guo Haihe Changbo Male Blank Blank 69 张兴龙 Zhang Xinglong Changbo Male Blank Blank 70 豆学林 Dou Xuelin Changbo Blank Blank Blank 71 宋合群 Song Hequn Changbo Female Blank Blank 72 张守廉 Zhang Shoulian Changbo Male Blank Blank 73 五二狗 Wu Ergou Changbo Male Blank Blank 74 豆前倩 Dou Qianqian Changbo Male Blank Blank 75 五曹正 Wu Caozheng Changbo Male Blank Blank 76 豆志龙 Dou Zhilong Changbo Male Blank Blank 77 武明山 Wu Mingshan Changbo Male Blank Blank 78 班培芸 Ban Peiyun Changbo Male Blank Blank 79 原志杰 Yuan Zhijie Changbo Male Blank Blank 80 苗旭东 Miao Xudong Changbo Male Blank Blank 81 杨永政 Yang YongzhengMinshui village Male Blank Blank 82 李有红 Li Youhong Minshui village Male Blank Blank 24 Order Name Address Gender Age Education 83 张 娜 Zhang Na Minshui Female Blank Blank 84 翟进富 Zhai Jinfu Minshui Male Blank Blank 85 张李瑞 Zhang Lirui Minshui Male Blank Blank 86 张进雷 Zhang Jinlei Minshui Male Blank Blank 87 吕橦义 Lu Tongyi Minshui Male Blank Blank 88 翟证峰 Zhai Zhengfeng Minshui Male Blank Blank 89 翟和平 Zhai Heping Minshui Male Blank Blank 90 段拴富 Duan Shuanfu Minshui Male Blank Blank 91 翟利林 Zhai Lilin Minshui Male Blank Blank 92 翟振业 Zhai Zhenye Minshui Male Blank Blank 93 段刘明 Duan Liuming Minshui Male Blank Blank 94 刘沁霞 Liu Qinxia Minshui Female Blank Blank 95 郑鹏飞 Zheng Pengfei Minshui Male Blank Blank 96 尚忠俊 Shang Zhongjun Minshui Male Blank Blank 97 张小健 Zhang Xioajian Minshui Male Blank Blank 98 刘旭明 Liu Xuming Minshui Male Blank Blank 99 王 亮 Wang Liang Minshui Male Blank Blank 100 尚翟进 Shang Zhaijin Minshui Male Blank Blank 25