BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund (BCCRF) Ministry of Environment and Forests 101 Old Ban Bhaban Government of People’s Republic of Bangladesh 5th Floor Building no. 6, Bangladesh Secretariat Mohakhali Dhaka, Bangladesh. Dhaka 1212 www.bccrf-bd.org www.bccrf-bd.org All BCCRF Annual Report publications are downloadable at: www.bccrf-bd.org Standard Disclaimer: This report has been cleared with the Government of Bangladesh and the BCCRF Donors. However, the report contains the statements, opinions and recommendations belonging only to the World Bank. The findings, inter- pretations and conclusions expressed in this report are based on staff analysis and recommendations and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. Copyright Statement: The material in this publication is copyrighted. The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will nor- mally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. 2016 Annual Report design: Suhas Shankar Chowdhury Cover photo: © Ihtisham Kabir Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund (BCCRF) Annual Report 2016 (January - December 2016) Prepared by The World Bank CONTENTS FOREWORD vii Acronyms viii 1. OVERVIEW 3 2. PROGRAM MANAGEMENT 5 2.1 Program Management Overview 7 2.2 BCCRF-Funded Investment Projects 8 2.3 BCCRF-Funded AAAs 11 2.4 Progress towards BCCRF Results 13 2.5 Communications 13 2.6 Staffing 13 2.7 Financial Reporting 14 3. THE BCCRF PORTFOLIO 15 3.1 Overall Portfolio 17 3.2 Investment Projects 17 3.2.1 Review of Project Proposals 17 3.2.2 Sites of BCCRF Projects under Implementation 18 3.2.3 Details of Investment Projects under Implementation 20 3.3 The Analytical and Advisory Activities (AAAs) 32 3.3.1 Overview 32 3.3.2 Implementation Progress for Analytical and Advisory Activities Approved by the MC 33 4. FUTURE ACTIVITIES IN 2016 41 4.1 Program Management 43 4.2 Investment Project Supervision 43 References 45 ANNEXES 48 Annex A. BCCRF Governance and Roles 49 Annex B. BCCRF Results Framework (June 2013) 51 Annex C. BCCRF Reporting Framework (December 2016) 53 Annex D. BCCRF Coverage in the Media 59 TABLES Table 1: BCCRF Investment Project Disbursements as of December 31, 2016 4 Table 2: BCCRF-Funded Investment Projects at a Glance 9 Table 3: BCCRF-Funded Investment Project Performance 10 Table 4: BCCRF-Funded AAAs at a Glance 11 Table 5: Development Partners’ Contributions (deposits) to BCCRF as of December 31, 2016 14 Table 6: Sites of BCCRF Projects 18 Table 7: Target Zones and Districts for CCCP Subprojects 22 Table 8: AAAs under Implementation 32 Table 9: List of 17 Downscaled General Circulation Models from the CMIP5 Archives Used in this Analytical Activity 38 Table 10: Proposed Work Plan, January-June 2017 43 BOXES Box 1: BCCRF Establishment and Governance Milestones 3 Box 2: Key BCCRF Program Management Activities, 2010-16 7 Box 3: Development Partner Briefing Meetings on BCCRF Investment Projects’ Progress during 2016 11 MAPS Map 1: Locations of BCCRF Projects 19 Map 2: Locations of CRPARP Interventions 27 Credit: Ihtisham Kabir FOREWORD It is my pleasure to present the 2016 annual report for the 41 NGO executed projects, with all targets being ei- the Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund (BC- ther met or exceeded, demonstrating the effectiveness CRF). The BCCRF funds the following five investment of community based efforts to adapt to climate change. projects: The CRPARP restored or reafforested 17,500 hectares of land and established 2000 kms of strip plantations.  The Emergency 2007 Cyclone Recovery and Resto- The project created 3.6 million work days of community ration Project (ECRRP), implemented by the Local jobs and supported 60,587 direct beneficiaries – both Government Engineering Department (LGED) achievements substantially exceeding original targets.  The BCCRF Secretariat, implemented by the Minis- By making a major effort during 2016 IDCOL, the agen- try of Environment and Forests (MoEF) cy implementing RERED II, installed 489 solar irrigation  The Community Climate Change Project (CCCP), pumps by the end of the year, which has met 100% of implemented by the Palli Karma-Sahayak Founda- the coverage target (35,062 acres covered, and 11,453 tion (PKSF) farmers benefitted). Between them these investment projects have made a significant contribution to the  The Climate Resilient Participatory Afforestation BCCSAP’s climate change adaptation and mitigation ob- and Reforestation Project (CRPARP), implemented jectives. by the Bangladesh Forest Department (BFD) and Arannyak Foundation Bangladesh has made significant strides towards devel- opment, and achieved commendable success in eco-  The Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy nomic and social indicators. Bangladesh not only has Development Project II (RERED II), implemented attained lower middle income status, its recent prog- by Infrastructure Development Company Limited ress on a number of important indicators has earned it (IDCOL) widespread praise. Three of these five projects are stand-alone (their activ- In conclusion, I would like to acknowledge the contin- ities are solely funded by the BCCRF), and the remain- ued confidence and encouragement of our develop- ing two (ECRRP and RERED II) are funded by BCCRF as ment partners. On behalf of the Ministry of Environ- well as with financing from other sources. ment and Forests, I convey my best wishes and sincere The investment projects have made major progress dur- thanks to them. ing 2016, the final year of project activities. The ECRRP had already completed its full implementation targets Abdullah Al Mohsin Chowdhury by the end of 2015, with successful construction of 61 Additional Secretary multipurpose cyclone shelters and 11.5 km of access Ministry of Environment and Forests roads. The CCCP completed all the activities planned by Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladeshv ANNUAL REPORT 2016 vii BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF ACRONYMS AAA Analytical and Advisory Activity IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change AF Arannyak Foundation ISR Implementation Status Report BCCRF Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund IWM Institute of Water Modelling BCCSAP Bangladesh Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan KfW KreditanstaltfürWiederaufbau BDT Bangladesh Taka LCG Local Consultative Group BFD Bangladesh Forest Department LGED Local Government Engineering Department BWDB Bangladesh Water Development Board M&E Monitoring and Evaluation CCCP Community Climate Change Project MC Management Committee (BCCRF) CDRI Climate Disaster Resilience Index CRPARP Climate Resilient Participatory Afforestation MoEF Ministry of Environment and Forests and Reforestation Project MOU memorandum of understanding CY Calendar Year MRSLF Mutual Rotating Savings and Loan Fund DAP Detailed Area Plan MTR mid-term review DFAT Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade1 NAPA National Adaptation Program for Action DFID Department for International Development DMA Dhaka Metropolitan Area NGO nongovernmental organization DND Dhaka-Narayanganj-Demra PDO Project Development Objective DRR Disaster Risk Reduction PIU Project Implementation Unit DWASA Dhaka Water and Sewerage Authority PKSF Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation ECRRP Emergency 2007 Cyclone Recovery and Restoration Project PMU Project Management Unit ERD Economic Relations Division RCP Representative Concentration Pathway EU European Union RERED Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy FDG Forest Development Group Development GC Governing Council (BCCRF) SFP Social Forestry Program GCM General Circulation Model SLR Sea Level Rise GFDRR Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery TTL task team leader GPOBA Global Partnership on Output Based Aid UCF Union-level Forest Conservation Forum GIS Geographic Information System UK United Kingdom GoB Government of Bangladesh UNDP United Nations Development Program IDA International Development Association (World Bank) USAID U. S. Agency for International Development IDCOL Infrastructure Development Company Limited WB World Bank All dollar amounts are in U.S. dollars unless otherwise indicated 1 AusAID and Australian Government’s Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) were integrated under DFAT in 2013 viii 1 OVERVIEW ANNUAL REPORT 2016 1 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF Credit: Ihtisham Kabir 2 1 OVERVIEW Bangladesh is one of the countries in the world that are most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change. To Box 1: BCCRF Establishment and Governance address this challenge, Bangladesh launched its first Milestones Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan (BCCSAP) in May 31,2010 MOU signed 2008 and revised it in 2009 (Government of Bangladesh July 6, 2010 DFID and Denmark sign contribu- 2009). The plan seeks to build a medium to long-term tions to BCCRF program for enhancing resilience to climate shocks and November 8, 2010 Sweden signs contribution to facilitating low-carbon, sustainable growth. The BCC- BCCRF SAP identified six main pillars: December 6,2010 EU signs contribution to BCCRF December 15, 2010 EU signs contribution to BCCRF  Food security, social protection and health February 23, 2011 1st MC meeting April 13, 2011 2nd MC meeting  Comprehensive disaster management April 25, 2011 3rd MC meeting  Infrastructure May 19, 2011 1st GC meeting October 13, 2011 4th MC meeting  Research and knowledge management November 16, 2011 5th MC meeting  Mitigation and low-carbon development May 1, 2012 DFAT signs contribution to BCCRF May 3, 2012 USAID signs contribution to BCCRF  Capacity building to address climate change im- June 7, 2012 6th MC meeting pacts on various sectors of development June 12, 2012 2nd GC meeting July 5, 2012 7th MC meeting To support BCCSAP implementation, the Government December 12, 2012 MC members vision statement of Bangladesh established the Bangladesh Climate meeting Change Resilience Fund (BCCRF) in May 2010 by sign- January 30, 2013 9th MC meeting ing a memorandum of understanding (MOU) with four April 17, 2013 10th MC meeting development partners: Denmark, the European Union June 19, 2013 3rd GC meeting (EU), Sweden, and the U.K. Department for Internation- February 22, 2014 BCCRF Mid Term Review: Draft al Development (DFID). Switzerland became a develop- Final Report submitted March 23, 2014 BCCRF Mid Term Review: Final Re- ment partner in December 2010 and the Department of port submitted following receipt Foreign Affairs and Trade (DFAT) and the U.S. Agency for of comments from the Govern- International Development (USAID) joined in 2012. Box ment of Bangladesh, Develop- 1 presents the key milestones in the establishment and ment Partners and World Bank governance of the BCCRF from its inception through to February 15, 2015 11th MC meeting September 29, 2016 4th GC meeting the end of the current reporting period (December 31, 2016). ANNUAL REPORT 2016 3 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF The BCCRF is owned and managed by the Ministry of or other eligible institutions. The World Bank executes Environment and Forests (MoEF) on behalf of the Gov- analytical and advisory activities (AAAs) as agreed upon ernment of Bangladesh. Its governance structure, estab- jointly with the BCCRF GC and MC. lished when the Fund was initiated, includes a Govern- The BCCRF’s five investment projects collectively had ing Council (GC) and a Management Committee (MC). disbursed $ 71.13 million by the end of December 2016 The GC comprises a core group of government cabinet (Table 1). In addition to the five investment projects, ministers, civil society, and donor representatives who five BCCRF AAAs were approved. Four are now com- provide overall strategic guidance to the BCCRF and en- plete and the fifth is almost complete. The BCCRF also sure adherence to the BCCSAP. The MC, led by the MoEF received media coverage through various national and secretary, is responsible for developing a work program, international news media channels in 2016, improving ensuring that the BCCRF is implemented in line with the its visibility (as presented in Annex D). The sections be- agreed-upon implementation manual, and considering low describe all of the 2016 achievements in detail. grant requests submitted by various line ministries and other eligible institutions. Annex A discusses the BCCRF governance structure in greater detail. Table 1: BCCRF Investment Project Disbursements The World Bank is the trustee of the Fund and exercises as of December 31, 2016 internal controls over the governance of trust funds re- Total Disbursements ceived from the BCCRF’s development partners. Funds by December 31, have been allocated to projects and activities that are Project 2016 (US$ million) approved by the GC in accordance with BCCRF objec- Emergency 2007 Cyclone tives. All activities financed through the BCCRF are Recovery and Restoration Proj 23.06 ect (ECRRP) governed by the Bank’s operational policies and proce- dures, especially concerning trust fund management, Secretariat for BCCRF 0.20 financial management, procurement, and environmen- Community Climate Change 12.98 Project (CCCP) tal and social safeguards. The Bank’s trusteeship con- Climate Resilient Participatory tinues until the end disbursement date of the BCCRF Affores tation and Reforesta- 29.89 (originally set as June 30, 2015, but extended in July tion Project (CRPARP) 2012 to June 30, 2017). Rural Electrification and Re- newable Energy Development The BCCRF Secretariat, anchored in the MoEF, works 5.00 Project II (RERED II), Solar in close collaboration with the World Bank. The BC- Irrigation Project CRF is designed such that all investment projects are Total disbursed by BCCRF recipient-executed grants. These are executed by the investment projects as of De- 71.13 Government of Bangladesh and its designated agencies cember 31, 2016: 4 2 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT ANNUAL REPORT 2016 5 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF Credit: Ihtisham Kabir 2 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT 2.1 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT  BCCRF-related communications and outreach (including progress updates, development partner field trips, etc.) OVERVIEW BCCRF program management in 2016 focused on three areas: By the end of 2016, BCCRF had made substantial progress  Continued implementation and supervision of re- in all three areas while maintaining ongoing broader man- sults of approved investment projects agement responsibilities. Box 2 captures the key dates re-  Continued supervision of approved AAAs lated to program management since BCCRF’s inception. Box 2: Key BCCRF Program Management Activities, 2010–16 Date Activity May 31, 2010 MOU signed July 6, 2010 DFID and Denmark sign contribution to BCCRF Nov. 8, 2010 Sweden signs contribution to BCCRF Dec. 6, 2010 Switzerland signs contribution to BCCRF Dec. 15, 2010 EU signs contribution to BCCRF Feb. 23, 2011 First MC meeting April 13, 2011 Second MC meeting April 25, 2011 Third MC meeting May 19, 2011 First GC meeting Oct. 13, 2011 Fourth MC meeting Nov. 16, 2011 Fifth MC meeting May 1, 2012 DFAT signs contribution to BCCRF May 3, 2012 USAID signs contribution to BCCRF June 7, 2012 Sixth MC meeting June 12, 2012 Second GC meeting July 5, 2012 Seventh MC meeting Dec. 12, 2012 MC vision statement meeting Jan. 30, 2013 Ninth MC meeting April 17, 2013 Tenth MC meeting June 19, 2013 Third GC meeting Feb. 22, 2014 BCCRF MTR: draft final report submitted March 23, 2014 BCCRF MTR: final report submitted following receipt of comments from the World Bank, Government of Bangladesh, and development partners February 15, 2015 Eleventh MC meeting September 29, 2016 Fourth GC meeting ANNUAL REPORT 2016 7 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF 2.2 BCCRF-FUNDED INVESTMENT Of the five, three are stand-alone projects, meaning that PROJECTS the activities they support are funded solely by the BC- CRF. The remaining two (ECRRP and RERED II) are funded The five investment projects funded by the BCCRF, their partially by the BCCRF and partially by other sources, project development objectives, and their implement- including funds from the World Bank and other donors. ing entities are as follows: Project details are given in Section 3, and progress toward expected results is presented in Annex C.  Emergency 2007 Cyclone Recovery and Restoration Project (ECRRP): to improve climate resilience of Table 2 summarizes the BCCRF’s five investment proj- coastal populations to tropical cyclones (imple- ects. Overall, $ 71.13 million (87 percent) of the $82 mented by the Local Government Engineering million approved for investment projects had been Department, LGED) disbursed by the end of 2016. The table also provides  Secretariat for BCCRF: to improve the MoEF’s links to the World Bank’s website pages for each project capacity to manage donor-funded climate change which provides the project overview, project details, fi- activities through the establishment, staffing, nancials, documents, results, and performance ratings. and training of a secretariat (implemented by the These pages also contain links to Implementation Sta- MoEF) tus and Results reports (ISRs), which are regularly up-  Community Climate Change Project (CCCP): to dated. To access the ISRs, click on the “Results” tab on enhance the capacity of selected communities to the project webpage and then click on the link for “Lat- increase their resilience to the impacts of climate est Implementation Status and Results Report.” Table change (implemented by the Palli Karma-Sahayak 3 summarizes the most recent ISR reports of progress Foundation, PKSF) toward both achievement of the project development objectives (PDOs) and overall implementation as of the  Climate Resilient Participatory Afforestation and Reforestation Project (CRPARP): to reduce forest end of 2016.2 degradation and increase forest coverage through Tables 2 and 3 indicate that all the Investment Proj- participatory planning and monitoring and to ects made satisfactory (in one case, highly satisfac- help build long-term resilience to climate change in selected coastal and hilly communities (imple- tory) progress. Four of the five projects fully achieved mented by the Bangladesh Forest Department or surpassed their implementation targets. The fifth [BFD] and Arannyak Foundation project (RERED II) installed 489 solar irrigation pumps compared with the target of 531 pumps (the installed  Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy De- pumps are of a larger capacity and hence are reduced in velopment Project II (RERED II), Solar Irrigation number). Total disbursements at the end of 2016 were Project: to increase access to clean energy in rural $ 71.1 million out of the $ 82 million approved (87%). areas through renewable energy and to promote When BCCRF accounts are closed in June 2017 it is ex- more efficient energy consumption (implemented by Infrastructure Development Company Limited, pected that the final figure will be over 92% of the total IDCOL) approved. 2 World Bank ISRs use a four-level rating system: satisfactory (S), unsatisfactory (U). MU or U ratings indicate that remedial action is moderately satisfactory (MS), moderately unsatisfactory (MU) or necessary. 8 Table 2: BCCRF-Funded Investment Projects at a Glance Funding Disbursed approved by Disbursed 12/31/16 by Project and imple- (US$ mil- (US$ mil- 12/31/16 menting agency lions) lions) (%) Status and web links Emergency 2007 25.0 23.1 92.3 BCCRF supported the construction of 61 new Cyclone Recovery and cyclone shelters in the districts of Barguna, Pat- Restoration Project uakhali, Pirojpur, Satkhira, and Khulna through six (ECRRP) contract packages. As of December 31, 2015, con- Local Government En- struction of the 61 new multipurpose disaster shel- gineering Department ters was complete and they have now been handed (LGED) over to the School Management Committees. The construction of 3 roads totaling 11.5 kilometers in Barguna District was also complete. http://www.worldbank.org/projects/P111272/ emergency-2007-cyclone-recovery-restoration- project?lang=en Secretariat for BCCRF 0.2 0.2 100.0 Disbursement has been completed, and the project Ministry of Environ- closed on December 31, 2014. ment and Forests http://www.worldbank.org/projects/ (MoEF) P128445/capacity-building-secretariat- bccrf?lang=en&tab=overview Community Climate 13.0 12.9 99.8 CCCP has committed the full funds available to 41 Change Project (CCCP) NGOs to implement 41 subprojects. By the end Palli Karma-Sahayak of December 2016 all planned field activities were Foundation (PKSF) complete and Project Development Objectives had been achieved or exceeded. http://www.worldbank.org/projects/P125447/ community-climate-change-program?lang=en Climate Resilient Par- 33.8 29.9 88.4 The Project Implementation Unit (PIU) established ticipatory Afforesta- climate resilience activities in the 10 targeted For- tion and Reforestation est Divisions. As of end 2016 over 17,500 hectares Project (CRPARP) had been restored or reafforested, over2,000 kms Bangladesh Forest of strip plantations had been completed and there Department (BFD) and were over 60,000 direct project beneficiaries. These Arannyak Foundation indicators are above target. (AF) http://www.worldbank.org/projects/P127015/ climate-resilient-participatory-afforestation-refores- tation-project?lang=en&tab=overview ANNUAL REPORT 2016 9 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF Funding Disbursed approved by Disbursed 12/31/16 by Project and imple- (US$ mil- (US$ mil- 12/31/16 menting agency lions) lions) (%) Status and web links Rural Electrification 10 5.0 50.0 A total of 531 solar irrigation pumps were planned and Renewable Energy to be installed with BCCRF financial support. At Development Project II the end of 2016, 489 pumps had been installed (RERED II), Solar Irriga- (100% of the target) covering 35,062 acres of tion Project land and serving 11,453 farmers.http://www. Infrastructure Devel- worldbank.org/projects/P131263/rural-electrifi- opment Company cation-renewable-energy-development-ii-rered-ii- Limited (IDCOL) project?lang=en&tab=overview Total disbursed by 82.0 71.1 86.7 n.a. BCCRF investment projects as of Decem- ber 31, 2016: Note: Although all project activities were completed at end 2016 some disbursements remained to be processed. Final disbursements for some projects (particularly RERED II) will be higher than the figures in this table. Table 3: BCCRF-Funded Investment Project Performance Progress toward Date of most achievement of Overall implementation Project recent ISR PDOs progress Emergency 2007 Cyclone Recovery and Res- July 2016a Satisfactory Moderately satisfactory toration Project (ECRRP) Secretariat for BCCRFb n.a. n.a. n.a. Community Climate Change Project (CCCP) October 2016 Satisfactory Satisfactory Climate Resilient Participatory Afforestation September 2016 Satisfactory* Satisfactory* and Reforestation Project (CRPARP) Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy August 2016a Moderately Satis- Moderately satisfactory Development Project II (RERED II) factory Note:ISR = Implementation Status and Results report. PDO = project development objective. * The November 2016 supervision mission recommended that both of these be upgraded to Highly Satisfactory a. These ratings were for the whole project, not just the BCCRF-supported activities, as reporting covers the whole project at the ISR stage. b. ISRs were not produced for this project because of its small size, but regular supervision missions were carried out. BCCRF project implementation progress is discussed with the counterpart ministries as part of regular operations, and World Bank Implementation Support Mission findings were also shared and discussed with the BCCRF develop- ment partners in the progress update meetings. Details of these are in Box 3. 10 Box 3: Development Partner Briefing Meetings on BCCRF Investment Projects’ Progress during 2016 Date Activity 26 January 2016 Community Climate Change Project (CCCP) 29 March 2016 Climate Resilient Participatory Afforestation and Reforestation Project (CRPARP) 18 April 2016 Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy Development II Project (Solar Irrigation) 28 July 2016 Climate Resilient Participatory Afforestation and Reforestation Project (CRPARP) 28 September 2016 Community Climate Change Project (CCCP) 19 October 2016 Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy Development II Project – Solar Irrigation (BCCRF part) 10 November 2016 Climate Resilient Participatory Afforestation and Reforestation Project (CRPARP) 2.3 BCCRF-FUNDED AAAs Of the five AAAs, four are complete, and the remaining one is expected to be completed by the end of February The BCCRF MC approved five analytical and advisory 2017. Table 4 summarizes the disbursements by the five activities (AAAs) to help fill knowledge gaps affecting AAAs by the end of 2016. Of the $2.09 million approved implementation of the BCCSAP. These are listed in Ta- 3 for AAA activities, 98 percent had been disbursed by ble 4, which notes their status at the end of December December 31, 2016. Section 3 presents further details 2016. of the AAAs. Table 4: BCCRF-Funded AAAs at a Glance Amount Disbursed by Disbursed by approved 12/31/2016 12/31/2016 Project (US$) (US$) (%) Status in brief 1. Impact of Climate 300,000 300,000 100 The World Bank report “Climate Change Change on Climate- and Health Impacts: How Vulnerable Sensitive Diseases Is Bangladesh and What Needs to be and Implications for Done?” (World Bank, 2015a) has been the Health Sector finalized, published and widely dissemi- nated. Note: a: This study is jointly funded by two trust funds. There will be no charges to BCCRF after end 2016. 3 AAAs are World Bank projects that aim to inform policy choices and pro- convening, and network or coalition building. AAAs are now referred to grams, enable and empower clients to implement reforms, strengthen as Analytical and Advisory Services (AASs). However in this report they institutions, or improve development actions. They can involve are referred to as AAAs. diagnostics and analytics, training, capacity building, impact evaluation, ANNUAL REPORT 2016 11 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF Amount Disbursed by Disbursed by approved 12/31/2016 12/31/2016 Project (US$) (US$) (%) Status in brief 2. Urban Flooding 510,000 510,000 100 The study is complete and a book on of Greater Dhaka the results: “Urban Flooding of Greater Area in a Changing Dhaka in a Changing Climate: Build- Climate: Vulnerabil- ing Local Resilience to Disaster Risk” ity, Adaptation and (Dasgupta et al, 2015) was published in Potential Costs 2015. In addition a report entitled: “Cli- mate and Disaster Resilience of Greater Dhaka Area: A Micro Level Analysis” has been published in the World Bank’s Bangladesh Development series (World Bank, 2015). The results of the study have been widely publicized. 3. Guidance Note for 730,000 650,056 89 The study is complete. the Urir Char–No- akhali Cross Dam 4. Innovations in 300,000 294,322 98 The draft final report was being re- Flood Risk Mitigation viewed at the end of 2016 and was in Dhaka expected to be complete by end Febru- ary 2017a 5. Making Climate 250,000 249,126 100 The study is complete and the results Data Relevant to have been widely disseminated. Decision Making in Bangladesh: Spatial and Temporal Down- scaling Total disbursed by 2.09 million 2,048,504 98 n.a. BCCRF AAAs as of December 31, 2016: Note: a: This study is jointly funded by two trust funds. There will be no charges to BCCRF after end 2016. BCCRF AAAs are implemented in a consultative manner involving sectoral technical experts, Government of Bangladesh experts, and development partners. 12 2.4 PROGRESS TOWARDS BCCRF 2.5 COMMUNICATIONS RESULTS Communications continued to play an important role Annex C presents a full update of the BCCRF report- in the BCCRF, focusing on knowledge sharing, transpar- ing framework, showing the progress made through ency, improved visibility, and enhanced project effec- to December 2016. The framework follows the Results tiveness. The target audience included a wide range of Framework format, as agreed upon with the develop- stakeholders, including government officials, nongov- ment partners in June 2013 (Annex B) and reports on ernmental organizations (NGOs), civil society members, progress toward meeting three objectives. climate change negotiators, development partners, ac- ademics, students, mass media, local grassroots orga- The first objective is for the Government of Bangladesh nizations, and target beneficiaries who are vulnerable to demonstrate capacity to lead and manage the BCCRF to the effects of climate change. The BCCRF team pro- through a functioning secretariat within the MoEF. The duced the Annual Report 2015 which received impor- second objective is for BCCRF investments to contribute tant input from BCCRF stakeholders before finalization to the climate resilience of the targeted populations. and dissemination both in print and online. It provides Four of the five approved investment projects have an overview of program developments from January met or exceeded their end 2016 targets. The ECRRP through December of 2015 as well as detailed updates has completed all the 61 planned cyclone shelters. The on BCCRF activities (program management as well as RERED II Solar Irrigation Project installed 489 pumps by projects and AAAs). The BCCRF organized a series of the end of 2016 using BCCRF funding (it is to be noted briefings on progress on Investment Projects, details of that the original target of 310 pumps was revised up- which are in Box 3. Annex D contains news articles re- wards to 531 based on implementation progress and ferring to BCCRF activities in 2016. lessons learnt. At closing, BCCRF funds have gone to- wards 489 pumps that are of a larger capcity, thereby allowing the project to meets its BCCRF targets of cov- 2.6 STAFFING ering 35,062 acres and reaching 11,453 farmers). The World Bank team supporting BCCRF implementa- tion in 2016 included members of the core team, team The CRPARP had restored or reafforested over 17,500 members supporting specific investment projects, and hectares of land by the end of 2016 (end program tar- staff who work on the approved AAAs. The Bank’s core get: 17,000 hectares). The CRPARP had reached over BCCRF team comprised the following: 60,000 beneficiaries (end program target: 46,000) and 88% of beneficiaries participating in alternative income-  Program manager (part-time) generating activities had increased their household in- come (end program target: 70%). The CCCP project has  Senior environmental specialist, Washington, DC exceeded both its targets, with 41 subproject grants (part-time) awarded (target: 40) and 75 percent of the targeted  Environmental specialist, Dhaka (part-time communities now having functioning mechanisms to respond to specific climate risks (target: 70 percent).  Administrative support staff, Dhaka (part-time) (For further details, see the investment project profiles in section 3). The third objective was for the Govern- In addition, project task team leaders (TTLs) and co-TTLs ment of Bangladesh to demonstrate strategic leader- worked in cooperation with project management units ship on national climate policy and global climate fi- (PMUs) at implementing agencies of the Bangladeshi nancing. One of the three targets was exceeded. government. The following TTLs and co-TTLs provided ANNUAL REPORT 2016 13 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF support from the Bank side to ensure technical, legal,  RERED II (Solar Irrigation Project): senior energy and financial due diligence during project preparation specialist (TTL) and implementation: In addition to these technical specialists, all of the task  ECRRP (Multipurpose Cyclone Shelter Construc- teams include specialists for environmental and social tion Project): environmental specialist (TTL) and safeguards, financial management, procurement, legal environmental specialist (co-TTL) due diligence, and administrative support.  CCCP: environmental specialist (TTL) Specialists working on AAAs during 2015 included the senior environmental specialist working on the “Inno-  CRPARP: senior environmental specialist (TTL) vations in Flood Risk Mitigation in Dhaka” study. Table 5: Development Partners’ Contributions (deposits) to BCCRF as of December 31, 2016 Deposits Development partner in pledged currency (millions) Deposits converted to US$ (millions) AusAID/DFAT 7.0 7.063 Denmark 10.0 1.76 DFID 43.0 66.448 EU 14.25 18.501 Sweden 130.0 19.326 Switzerland 8.2 8.181 USAID 9.0 9.0 Total 130.281 2.7 FINANCIAL REPORTING Since no supplemental financial contribution was made fully paid contributions are converted at the exchange during the reporting period, the total amount depos- rate actually used. In addition to the resources shown, ited remains unchanged. Table 5 shows the deposited by December 31, 2016, the BCCRF had earned an in- amounts. Numbers may not add up due to rounding. vestment income of US$ 1,181,292 since its inception. The exchange rate used for the pledged amount is as of The entire investment income is correctly credited to December 31, 2015, and the fund volume in U.S. dol- lars is an indicative amount. Funds are converted from the BCCRF and forms part of its current fund balance to pledged currencies to U.S. dollars when deposited, and be used for its purposes. 14 3 THE BCCRF PORTFOLIO ANNUAL REPORT 2016 15 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF Credit: Ihtisham Kabir 3 THE BCCRF PORTFOLIO 3.1 OVERALL PORTFOLIO The BCCRF portfolio comprises five investment proj- executed by the Government of Bangladesh, its desig- ects ($82.0 million approved) and five analytical and nated agencies, or other eligible institutions. The AAAs advisory activities (AAAs) ($2.09 million approved). The are all executed by the World Bank. investment projects are all recipient-executed grants, 3.2 INVESTMENT PROJECTS 3.2.1 Review of Project Proposals  Experience with development operations: Priority is given to proposals that use existing project units The BCCRF program uses seven criteria to screen pro- of development-type operations to administer the posals: grant and that use existing delivery channels, as far as possible, instead of creating new ones. The in-  Size of proposal: Approximated at $15 million to stitutional capacity of the implementing agency is $25 million, based on assumptions regarding the critical in ensuring that projects are efficiently de- expected size of the proposal’s total contribution livered. to the achievement of BCCRF objectives and on the  Readiness for implementation: Given the short cost-effectiveness of carrying out the appraisal and implementation period of the grants, proposed supervision of individual grants. projects should be at a relatively advanced stage  Consistency with BCCSAP objectives: Project activi- of preparation—that is, feasibility studies, detailed ties should be directly linked to one or more of the designs, environmental impact assessments, and so- objectives of the six pillars of the BCCSAP, namely cial impact assessments should already be complet- (a) food security, social protection, and health; (b) ed. This will ensure that project appraisal and grant comprehensive disaster management; (c) infra- approval can be expedited and implementation can structure; (d) research and knowledge manage- be completed within the grant window period. ment; (e) mitigation and low-carbon development;  Results targeted: Is the proposed intervention clear and (f) capacity building and institutional strength- about the results to be achieved and their impact? ening (GoB 2009). Is a clear monitoring and evaluation framework al- ANNUAL REPORT 2016 17 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF ready in place? Is it possible to assess value for mon-  Social and environmental benefits: Proposals ey at this point as well as the change to which the should ensure that there are no major negative intervention will contribute and the desired impact? environmental impacts and that the expected re-  Complementarities or overlap with other pro- sults include positive social impacts on vulnerable grams: Proposals should ensure that synergies are groups and women. maximized with existing programs and that there is The BCCRF neither reviewed nor approved any new no duplication with existing activities managed by project proposals in 2016. the implementing ministry. 3.2.2 Sites of BCCRF Projects under Implementation Table 6 and Map 1 show the divisions and districts of Bangladesh in which BCCRF-supported investment projects have been implemented. Table 6: Sites of BCCRF Projects Project Division District 1. ECRRP (Multipurpose Cyclone Barisal Barguna, Pirojpur Shelter Construction Project) Khulna Khulna, Patuakhali,Satkhira 2. Secretariat for BCCRF Dhaka Dhaka 3. CCCP Barisal Barisal, Patuakhali, Barguna Chittagong Cox’s Bazar Dhaka Jamalpur, Mymensingh Khulna Satkhira, Khulna, Jessore, Bagerhat, Chuadanga Rajshahi Kurigram, Nilphamari, Rajshahi, Natore, Naogaon 4. CRPARP Barisal Barisal, Pakuakhali, Barguna, Bhola Chittagong Cox’s Bazar, Chittagong, Feni, Noakhali, Lakshmipur 5. RERED II (Solar Irrigation Barisal Barisal, Barguna, Jhalakhati, Patuakhali Project) Chittagong Bandarban, Chandpur, Chittagong, Comila, Cox’s Bazar, Feni, Khagrachari, Noakhali Dhaka Dhaka, Faridpur, Gazipur, Jamalpur, Kishoregong, Mymensingh, Narsindi, Sherpur Khulna Bagerhat, Chuandanga, Jessore, Jhenaidah, Khulna, Kushtia, Magura, Meherpur, Satkhira Rajshahi Bogra, Naogaon, Pabna Rangpur Dinajpu, Gaibandha, Kurigram, Lalmonirhat, Nilphamari, Pancha- garh, Rangpur, Thakurgoan Sylhet Habiganj 18 Map 1: Locations of BCCRF Projects IBRD 40792 BHUTAN BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE 88ºE 90ºE 89ºE NEPAL RESILIENCE FUND IN DI A Projects Under Implementationand Preparation Panchagar Emergency 2007 Cyclone Recovery and Restoration Project (Multipurpose Cyclone Shelter Construction Project) PANCHAGAR Secretariat for BCCRF Phase 1 (Capacity Building Project Phase 1) Community Climate Change Project (CCCP) Climate Resilient Participator 26ºN Thakurgaon LA LM NILPHAMARI 26ºN THAKURGAON Nilphamari ON Lalmonirhat IR HA Modern Food Storage Facilities DINAJPUR T Kurigram Rangpur KURIGRAM DISTRICT CAPITALS DISTRICT BOUNDARIES Dinajpur RANGPUR DIVISION CAPITALS DIVISION BOUNDARIES NATIONAL CAPITAL INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARIES RIVERS Gaibandha GAIBANDHA 91ºE 92ºE JOYPURHAT SERPUR IN D IA NAOGAON Joypurhat Sunamganj 25ºN SYLHET 25ºN BOGRA Serpur Jamalpur NETROKONA SUNAMGANJ Sylhet Naogaon Bogra Netrokona RAJSHAHI JAMALPUR Mymensingh SYLHET NOWABGANJ MYMENSINGH Ja muna Nowabganj RAJSHAHI DHAKA Kishorganj HABIGANJ MOULVI BAZAR Serajganj Moulvi Bazar G an Rajshahi Natore SERAJGANJ KISHORGANJ ges NATORE TANGAIL Habiganj Tangail GAZIPUR PABNA Pabna Gazipur NARSINGDI 0 10 20 30 40 50 Kilometers 24ºN 24ºN a Brahmanbaria ghn Narsingdi I N DI A Manikanj Me DHAKA KUSHTIA Kushtia NARAYNGANJ BRAHMAN BARIA 0 10 20 30 40 50 Miles Meherpur Rajbari MANIKGANJ MEHERPUR Chuadanga RAJBARI DHAKA Naraynganj Faridpur COMILLA CHUADANGA Jhenaidah Magura MUNSHIGANJ JHENAIDAH FARIDPUR G an Munshiganj ges MAGURA Comilla CHANDPUR HARI SARIATPUR RACH Sariatpur Jessore Narail Madaripur Chandpur Khagrachhari KHAG JESSORE MADARIPUR NARAIL GOPALGANJ Gopalganj LUXMIPUR NOAKHALI Feni 23ºN KHULNA FENI 23ºN BARISAL Luxmipur Khulna Noakhali RANGAMATI Satkhira KHULNA Bagerhat PEROJPUR Jhalukathi Barisal Bhola C H I T TA G O N G SATKHIRA JHALUKATHI Rangamati Kaptai BAGERHAT Perojpur Lake CHITTAGONG BARISAL Patuakhali BHOLA a D e l t PATUAKHALI Chittagong s G a n g e Barguna BARGUNA Bandarban es 22ºN 22ºN Mt. Mowdok ns ng (957 m) d a r ba G a S un the BANDARBAN of COX’S ths BAZAR M ou Cox's Bazar BANGLADESH Bay of Bengal MYANMAR This map was produced by the Map Design Unit of The World Bank. 21ºN The boundaries, colors, denominations and any other information 21ºN shown on this map do not imply, on the part of The World Bank GSDPM Map Design Unit Group, any judgment on the legal status of any territory, or any endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. 89ºE 90ºE 91ºE 92ºE MARCH 2014 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF 3.2.3 Details of Investment Projects under Implementation (1) EMERGENCY 2007 CYCLONE RECOVERY AND cyclone shelters since the 1970s. However, the number RESTORATION PROJECT (MULTIPURPOSE CYCLONE of shelters remains inadequate, and many need repairs SHELTER CONSTRUCTION PROJECT) or enhancements. The BCCSAP calls for the repair, main- Project number: P111272 tenance, and construction of additional cyclone shelters Grant amount: $25 million throughout the coastal zones of Bangladesh and esti- mates that 2,000 to 4,000 new shelters are needed. Responsible agency: Local Government Engineering Department (LGED) At its first meeting in May 2011, the GC approved a $25 million grant for a project to address this issue, which Background and objectives was to be cofinanced with an ongoing IDA project called Emergency 2007 Cyclone Recovery and Restora- When Cyclone Sidr hit coastal Bangladesh in 2007, vil- tion Project (ECRRP). When the grant agreement (No. lagers had just minutes to gather their families and flee TF099305) for the BCCRF project was signed on Au- as the storm battered their homes. Sidr went on to be gust 8, 2011, the project planned to construct 55 new described as the worst cyclone Bangladesh had faced multipurpose shelters, rehabilitate 40 existing shelters, in 15 years. Around 30 districts and 9 million people and construct 40 kilometers of evacuation routes. The were affected by the cyclone. Total damage and losses scope was subsequently adjusted, and BCCRF support were estimated at about $1.7 billion. Thousands were was adjusted to support construction of 61 new shel- killed, and millions became homeless, their livelihoods ters and construction of 11.5 kilometers of roads. destroyed. Cyclone shelters provide a critical first line of defense for cyclone-vulnerable people (along with When cyclone Mahasen hit Bangladesh in May 2013, early warning systems and other disaster preparedness the ECRRP shelters were occupied by 40,219 people measures), and the government has been constructing and 4,307 livestock. Mahasen affected eight coastal dis- A BCCRF-funded primary school and cyclone shelter, built by the Local Government Engineering Division, in Daihari village of Barguna district in coastal Bangladesh. Credit: ECRRP tricts with flooding and waterlogging and caused 17 fa- tanks, emergency water supplies (tube wells), first-aid talities. However, according to the LGED, thanks to the facilities, solar lights, rainwater harvesting, and tree ECRRP, the greater number of usable shelters by 2013 plantations. Stakeholders provided inputs to the design meant that fewer lives were lost than might have been. and use of the shelters during normal times and during An LGED executive engineer in Bhola said, “Not only cyclones. Shelters are built in compliance with land use did the shelters house people; they were also the safe planning and environmental and social safeguards. point for relief activities, such as precautionary stocking Flexibility: The ECRRP shelters are built as three-story of dry food. These shelters provide a safe haven during structures with provisions for need-based vertical ex- killer cyclones and during non-cyclone times are used tension in the future. as primary schools targeting the ultrapoor, thus provid- ing hope and mobility to the communities”. Updated status Specific features of the ECRRP shelters’ technical design are as follows: In 2015 the ECRRP completed the planned construction of 61 new cyclone shelters in the districts of Barguna, Durability: The shelters are designed to withstand wind Patuakhali, Pirojpur, Satkhira, and Khulna through six speeds of 260 kilometers per hour and are made of a contract packages, using resources provided by BCCRF. reinforced frame meeting a factor of safety of 2.5. The The construction of three roads totalling 11.5 kilometers shelters are reinforced with 60-grade deformed bars under a single contract package in Barguna District was and stone aggregates in the shelter foundation, foot- also fully completed in 2015 and the roads are now in use. ings, columns, beams, and so forth, making these struc- Final costs were 92% of those originally budgeted. The tures sustainable during severe cyclones. project therefore completed all its implementation objec- Functionality: Features unique to the ECRRP shelters in- tives on schedule and within the approved budget. The clude separate floors for livestock, separate rooms for project has delivered major social benefits and increased pregnant women, gender-marked toilets, storerooms, protection against environmental impacts associated with enhanced toilet facilities with soak pits and septic climate change. No negative impacts have been reported. (2) SECRETARIAT FOR BCCRF (CAPACITY BUILDING implementation of the eventual transfer of the BCCRF PROJECT) Secretariat’s functions from the World Bank to the MoEF. Project number: P128445 In February 2011, the MC approved establishment of the Grant amount: $0.2 million Secretariat at the MoEF. In May 2011, the GC approved $0.2 million of BCCRF resources for this stand-alone proj- Responsible agency: Ministry of Environment and ect, and the World Bank and the government’s Economic Forests (MoEF) Relations Division (ERD) signed a grant agreement for $0.2 million in November 2011. The World Bank BCCRF team initially performed a large part of the Secretariat’s Background and objectives functions as recruitment of staff for the MoEF Secretari- The MOU signed in May 2010 stated that a secretariat at was delayed. However, as the capacity and number of would be established within the MoEF’s Climate Change MoEF Secretariat staff increased, functions were being Unit to support the BCCRF program. The secretariat’s transferred gradually to the MoEF. main functions were to include day-to-day support for the MC and GC, screening of proposals, advocacy, communications, donor coordination, program-level Updated status monitoring and evaluation, and preparation for and The project has been completed as planned and on schedule. ANNUAL REPORT 2016 21 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF (3) COMMUNITY CLIMATE CHANGE PROJECT (NGO some NGOs now better understand the impact of their WINDOW) interventions on specific climate change-related risks Project number: P125447 and vulnerabilities and are developing a knowledge base on building climate resilience at village level. The experi- Grant amount: $13.0 million ence of climate change varies across different vulnerable Responsible agency: Palli Karma-Sahayak Founda- geographical locations. For example, in saline-affected tion (PKSF) areas, vulnerable people can ascertain increasing salin- ity intrusion or rising water levels during tidal inundation Background and objectives almost instantaneously. In flood-prone areas, people have directly experienced increased flash flood duration The BCCRF is designed as a one-stop mechanism for in recent years. Drought-prone areas, however, have a large-scale climate change financing in Bangladesh. It different experience: the impacts of climate change hap- has two windows: an on-budget window for funding pen more gradually there, and thus understanding of in- public sector projects and an off-budget window for creasing drought due to climate change is a newer con- funding projects by NGOs. In May 2011, the BCCRF GC cept to the community and to NGOs. designated the Palli Karma-Sahayak Foundation (PKSF) as the implementing agency for the off-budget funding In June 2011, the GC approved the allocation to CCCP window. Under this window, PKSF channels grant funds of 10 percent of BCCRF resources, calculated as $12.5 to NGO subprojects under the Community Climate million. Of this amount, $10.4 million was to fund sub- Change Project (CCCP). projects in the three most climate-vulnerable zones in Bangladesh: saline-affected coastal zones, flood-affect- The project development objective is to enhance the ed areas and char lands, and drought-affected or rain- capacity of selected communities to increase their scarce areas in northwestern Bangladesh (Table 7). resilience to the impacts of climate change. An inter- mediate indicator of success is the establishment of Each subproject proposal is required to address at least an effective grant financing mechanism within PKSF to one of the six pillars of the BCCSAP. The subprojects range channel funds to NGOs to fund community-based cli- in value from $20,000 to $1 million. The proposals are re- mate change adaptation activities. viewed for social and environmental safeguards, includ- The CCCP’s objective goes beyond the focus of traditional ing gender and social inclusion, in line with World Bank livelihood project as it targets vulnerable poor commu- policy. The remaining funds ($2.1 million) are allocated nities to strengthen their resilience to the changing cli- to monitoring, learning, and subproject refinement, mate. PKSF is working closely with NGOs to better reflect through knowledge sharing and dissemination of lessons the CCCP’s main focus of building climate resilience by learned. In 2015 an additional $0.5 million was approved helping communities to define and implement climate to fund further activities by well performing NGOs and response options and adaptation practices. As a result, to strengthen capacity building of both PKSF and NGOs. Table 7: Target Zones and Districts for CCCP Subprojects Zone type District Saline-affected coastal zones Satkhira, Khulna, Jessore, Bagerhat, Patuakhali, Barguna Flood-affected areas and charlands Cox’s Bazar, Jamalpur, Mymensingh, Bagerhat, Khulna, Kurigram, Nilphamari Drought-affected or rain-scarce areas in Chuadanga, Naogaon, Rajshahi, Satkhira, Natore northwestern Bangladesh 22 Updated status The CCCP has three components: implemented with the assistance of NGOs. The project  The Community Climate Change Fund ($10.79 million) has committed the full amount of $10.79 million to 41 NGOs to implement subprojects on community-based  Knowledge management, capacity building, and monitoring and evaluation ($0.55 million) climate change activities based on the BCCSAP. Of the 41 NGOs, 14 target salinity-prone areas, 18 target flood-  Project management ($1.66 million) prone areas, and 9 target drought-prone areas. Community Climate Change Fund: The objective of the Community Climate Change Fund is to finance The October 2016 ISR for CCCP records that almost all of community-based climate change adaptation projects its monitored targets have been exceeded. For example: Status Monitored Objective (December 2016) Target Number of community-based adaptation sub-grants awarded 41 40 Community mechanisms established and functioning in selected communi- 75% 70% ties to respond effectively to climate change Communities to have applied sustainable adaptation practices to address 83% 70% specific climate change risks Sub-grants implemented in the selected communities assessed to have 86% 75% achieved targeted objectives The major field level activities of CCCP include: ing, goat & sheep rearing in slatted houses, poultry and duck rearing using semi-scavenging methods,  Construction of climate resilient plinths, court- homestead gardening and vermi-compost. yards and community ground raising through earth filling; Installation of shallow and deep/ Knowledge management, capacity building, and moni- semi-deep tube-wells; toring and evaluation (M&E): This component supports a systematic learning process of capturing lessons and  Pond and canal re-excavation for drinking, irriga- incorporating best practices into design and implemen- tion and domestic purposes; tation. A number of useful lessons are emerging from  Installation of water purification systems for safe the practices adopted by the sub-projects, focused on drinking water in saline areas (pond sand filters housing, access to potable and irrigation water, food and desalination plants); and health. Lessons are emerging from both local in-  Rain water harvesting systems for individuals and digenous and international experience. communities; Installation of improved sanitary Project management: This component finances techni- latrines; cal assistance related to the establishment of the project  Installation of environment friendly improved management unit (PMU) within PKSF, technical capacity cooking stoves; building of PMU staff to appraise proposals, and opera-  Demonstration of climate resilient crops; Pumpkin tionalization of the procedures for fund management. cultivation on sand bars; The CCCP met or exceeded all its implementation targets,  Repair of roads/embankments accompanied by and disbursed almost 100% of the funds allocated. This tree plantation; and was a highly innovative project involving NGOs new to  Training and technical support for climate resilient climate change adaptation and their achievements have Income Generating Activities such as crab fatten- shown the level of commitment to addressing environ- ANNUAL REPORT 2016 23 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF Sahara Begom’s resilience Year after year during the monsoons, river floods and flash floods cause the water levels to rise and cause untold grief and sufferings for the poor households. During August-September, overflow of the Brahmaputra, Teesta and the Dharala rivers cause flash floods impacting north Bangladesh. These floods suddenly inundate the people homes (sometimes almost overnight). The struggle to find shelter with their belongings and livestock lead to often extreme reactions such as the selling off of precious livestock at very low prices. Drinking water becomes scarce, and access to clean latrines becomes an impossibility, especially for the women in the households. Sahara Begom from Rangpur has been struggling with providing her family sustenance and homestead security for many years until CCCP. Before the project came along, every year her family had to move to higher ground with whatever belongings they could find, often at the mercy of other families. Bringing their poultry and cattle was troublesome, yet very important as financial assets belonging to the household. She remembers tube wells getting filled with flash flood waters, making fresh drinking water almost impossible to get. She used to drain the tube well, clear the mud and only then she would be able to get some precious clean water for her family. Her family would suffer from diarrhea regularly. Before the project, she only had one goat, and when the floods were coming she was forced to sell it off at half the normal price because she had nowhere to safely keep the goat during the floods. CCCP stepped into her life with innovative solutions and ways of providing assistance. A simple solution of raising the homestead plinths in clusters made a world of difference to Sahara Begom. Overall the project has helped more than 15,000 families escape the calamities of floods. The raised goat plinths (as high as five feet) have helped Sahara Begom secure her families assets during floods. This also saved her family from having to relocate every year. She now cultivates vegetables in her raised homestead, and rears goats. “Now our lives have seen happier days”, she says. “We don’t have to go far to buy vegetables. Everything that we grow can be harvested. We don’t have to seek help from others. Rather, we help the distressed.” She is very pleased with her increased income thanks to CCCP. “Each goat has four kids,” she says with a smile, “Now they don’t die like before. So, I have made a good profit from selling goats that I have reared in the last two and a half years. I have sold goats for a profit of 19,000 takas.” Credit: CCCP 24 mental challenges at the community level. Environmental ited. Women’s’ unequal control over resources and their management within the project has been found to have inability to transform one asset to another (while carrying complied with the agreed Environmental Management the responsibilities of providing home care to offspring) Framework and the project has played a strong role in has been a significant factor in women’s vulnerability to building awareness of climate change threats. No ad- climate change. Based on gender research findings such verse social impacts have been reported and the project as these, PKSF and CCCP have always taken a pro-women established a successful redress mechanism. The project focus in addressing climate vulnerability through their in- has been judged to have performed well in gender main- tervention design and sub grants outreach. streaming as 92% of the beneficiaries were women. Field Visits in 2016 CCCP and gender The World Bank Country Director Qimiao Fan visited The dynamic and changing nature of climate variability CCCP intervention sites in AsashuniUpazila of Satkhi- poses special threats to the Bangladeshi population, and ra on September 18, 2016. Fan was accompanied by, women are often the most disadvantaged in terms of di- among others, PKSF Deputy Managing Director (Ops) rect impacts and the reduced ability to recover. Research Md Fazlul Kader and Zahir Uddin Ahmed, Deputy Proj- has shown that vulnerability to climate change is gen- ect Coordinator of the CCCP. The WB Country Director dered because women are disproportionately vulnerable inspected different activities under the sub-project be- to natural hazards due to social norms, entrenched gender ing implemented by Satkhira Unnayan Sangstha (SUS), inequality and reproductive responsibilities, all of which and expressed satisfaction at the quality and progress constrain their mobility and survival options (CCC, 2009). of the project activities. Earlier on August 27, 2016, a Research in Bangladesh also shows that post – disaster, seven-member World Bank team headed by its acting women have more problems accessing rehabilitation country director Rajashree Paralkar visited the SUS in- related jobs over the male counterparts in the families. tervention sites. They talked to the project beneficiaries Another important factor relates to the household assets. and were highly appreciative of the project’s impact. Successful adaptation strategies at the individual, house- hold, and community levels depend on levels of assets The project prepared a video on the project activities and the ability to transform assets into incomes (Ahmed called “Songs of Salt: Communities Learn to Adapt to 2012). Women historically tend to have fewer assets and Rising Sea Levels”, which can be found here: consequently, the ability to transform these assets into https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JWxc_ income that will build livelihoods resilience, has been lim- OdGgIg&feature=youtu.be A man rows a boat away from his house surrounded by floodwater in south-eastern Bangladesh. The plinth of the cluster of houses, including his, was raised under the CCCP as part of the project’s efforts to boost community resilience to climatic shocks. Credit: CCCP BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF (4) CLIMATE-RESILIENT PARTICIPATORY AFFORESTATION In 2009 the Government of Bangladesh approved an af- AND REFORESTATION PROJECT (CRPARP) forestation project to establish mangrove (12,355 hect- Project number: P127015 ares), non-mangrove (400 hectares), and strip (678 kilo- meters) plantations in coastal areas. The United Nations Grant amount: $33.8 million Development Programme (UNDP) is also supporting Responsible agency: Bangladesh Forest the MoEF’s “Community-Based Adaptation to Climate Department (BFD) Change through Coastal Afforestation in Bangladesh” project as a follow-up to the government’s 2005 Na- tional Adaptation Program for Action (NAPA). The gov- ernment plans to establish 500-meter-wide mangrove Background and objectives afforestation as a cost-effective method to protect Since 1960, the BFD has implemented afforestation pro- embankments in front of sea-facing polders. Currently, grams on coastal embankments, newly accreted coastal mangrove forests protect approximately 60 kilometers char lands, and offshore islands along 710 kilometers of of the total 957 kilometers of embankments along sea- coastline. To date, planted mangrove forests cover more facing polders. These include some forest belts that are than 0.17 million hectares of embankments, chars, and degraded, indicating the need for an afforestation pro- islands and represent a unique greenbelt along the gram for the coastal areas of Bangladesh. coastline. Afforestation of foreshore and of tidal areas outside embankments has proved to be a cost-effective Although the government plans to increase the affor- method to dissipate wave energy and reduce embank- ested and reforested areas, the major challenge re- ment flooding during storm surges. For example, Cy- mains to ensure proper management and monitoring clone Sidr in (2007) and Cyclone Aila in (2009) caused of existing forest resources. The improvement of exist- less property damage and fewer deaths in Chokoria ing forest resources management requires significant and surrounding areas than did the 1991 Bangladesh capacity building and sector reform. cyclone, which devastated Chittagong Division, killing at least 138,000 people. The improvement was due to Delayed afforestation and reforestation will increase cli- afforestation on the foreshore of embankments, which mate vulnerability and further reduce the potential for substantially broke storm surge velocities. carbon sequestration. However, if accompanied by im- Credit: CRPARP proved forest management and participation of forest-  Afforestation and reforestation dependent communities, afforestation and reforestation  Support for alternative livelihoods will be critical to addressing the challenges of vulnerabil-  Capacity building of the BFD and local communities ity to climate change in Bangladesh and also to prepar- ing the BFD to mainstream climate change in planning  Project management and management of future forestry investments. Afforestation and reforestation: The project originally The CRPARP project development objectives are (a) to aimed to undertake afforestation and reforestation of reduce forest degradation and increase forest coverage 17,000 ha of land (7,000 ha of reclamation of coastal through participatory planning and monitoring, and (b) mangrove land and 10,000 ha of hill areas within 20 km to contribute towards building the long-term resilience of the coastline) and 1,672 km roadside strip plantation of selected coastal and hilly communities to climate through climate resilient and participatory approaches. change. CRPARP will achieve the project development This component has exceeded its targets. Seedling sur- objectives by : vival averaged about 90% and tree health and growth have been satisfactory. Species distributions were ob- - Establishing newly afforested and reforested areas served to generally be in accordance with the manage- using climate-resilient species to work as a wind- ment plan and survey and species maps. break against cyclones; - Strengthening and diversifying alternative liveli- Map 2: Locations of CRPARP Interventions hoods of forest-dependent communities; and - Improving the BFD’s institutional capacity to sustainably manage forest resources in the face of climate change. On April 13, 2011, the MC allocated $25 million to af- forest and reforest areas exposed to cyclones, storm surges, and landslides. The aim was to afforest and reforest 17,000 hectares and 2,500 kilometers of strip plantations in seven coastal and hilly districts and to improve the livelihoods of forest-dependent communi- ties by generating alternative activities. The fund also supported innovative studies to improve forest manage- ment in Bangladesh. The GC and MC approved an increased allocation of $33.8 million in June 2012 to cover higher than antici- pated costs of labor, travel, maintenance, monitoring and supervision, and community consultation as well as to fund the alternative livelihood option component. Updated status The CRPARP has four components, all of which made good progress in 2016: ANNUAL REPORT 2016 27 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF In the light of land and seedling availability, the affor- The 200 FDGs are federated into 55 federations at the estation/reforestation targets were revised to achieve Union level. The project has also facilitated formation of 17,500 ha of block and 2,000 km of strip plantings by 55 Union level Forest Conservation Forums (UCF) under the end of the project and both of these targets had the leadership of the respective Union Parishad Chair- been achieved by July 2016. person, which include members of the Union Federa- tion of FDGs. The institutionalization of the FDG Union New procedures to enable community participation in the Social Forestry Program (SFP) in the project have Federations in the form of registered cooperatives and significantly improved the participation of the forest as a supporting structure of the local government with- dependent communities in the afforestation and refor- in UCF provides an opportunity for voicing and lobbying estation program. The engagement with participants the considerations and interests of poor forest users in from communities has facilitated a greater understand- policy and decision making. ing of forestry issues, changed behavior towards forest use and a greater commitment to maintain and protect As a start-up activity for the poor and the extremely forests from which they will benefit. The target num- poor FDGs, the project has distributed a total of 3.5 ber of community jobs to be created through afforesta- tons of 16 varieties of vegetable seeds; and 36,000 sap- tion or reafforestation was 3.18 million working days. lings of 5 varieties of quick growing fruit trees. These By July 2016 this target had been exceeded as 3.6 mil- have helped almost all the FDG households not only to lion working days had been created. The project had increase their consumption of vegetables, but also to aimed to have 46,000 direct project beneficiaries. By earn cash-income within a short period of time by sell- November 2016 this target had also been exceeded, ing surplus production. with 60,587 direct beneficiaries. The Project has facilitated establishment of 55 Mutual Support for alternative livelihoods: The main objec- Rotating Savings and Loan Funds (MRSLF) at the Union tive of this component is to improve and diversify non FDG Federations to provide loan support for alterna- forest-based livelihoods opportunities of the poor for- est dependent households in selected forest communi- tive income generating activities to match their mem- ties. There are three major activities initiated under this bers’ contributions. AF has disbursed BDT 44.6 million component by the Arranyak Foundation (AF): (1) com- to MRSLF accounts of Union FDG Federations to match munity mobilization and sensitization on climate resil- their own BDT 5.2 million savings. The Union Federa- ience issues, (2) community based institution building - tions of FDGs so far have disbursed loans to 2635 FDG Forest Dependent Groups (FDGs) and their federations, members. The majority of the support went to develop (3) introduction of locally appropriate livelihood inter- livestock for subsistence and income earning. This sup- ventions to reduce forestry dependency and promoting port has ranged from purchasing cows and goats to im- participatory forest management. This component is proved breeds. The second most attractive livelihood implemented by AF with 2 partner NGOs (Uttaran and source was leasing land for cultivating rice. YPSA) in coordination with the BFD. In order to reduce fuel wood consumption of the FDG AF and its partner NGOs, using a well-designed trans- households and to reduce forest degradation, improved parent and inclusive targeting process, selected 6,000 cook stoves were provided to 5,530 FDG households. A extreme poor and vulnerable households in 200 villag- es of the Project’s targeted nine districts. These house- study carried out by a partner NGO shows the average holds have been organized into 200 FDGs. The house- fuelwood saving per day per house is around 1.45 kg, holds include 1,634 households with women as head which is 50% of the requirement for traditional cooking of the household and 321 households from indigenous stoves. It also reduces the cooking time by 44 minutes communities. per day and reduces 338g ash production per day. 28 By November 2016 the project had surpassed its tar- essary support for ensuring social and environmen- get of increasing income by at least 30% in 70% of the tal safeguards. Cross-cutting activities that continued 6,000 households. 88% of the households had reached in 2016 included establishment of grievance redress or surpassed the target income increase. mechanisms and implementation of important rec- ommendations in accordance with the Environmen- Capacity building: This component deals with capac- tal Management Framework and Social Management ity development of the BFD and local communities, Framework. improving the planning system, and undertaking stud- ies. The component includes capacity building of the Overall the project has proved highly successful. It has Resource Information Management System which is in- had satisfactory ratings for both social safeguards and tended to support monitoring and to create a GIS based environmental management. Its implementation tar- data management center for BFD to operate as a self- gets have generally been exceeded, due to a major ef- sustaining body in the longer term. The PIU has pre- fort during the final two years of project activities by pared a draft National Forest Policy using a consultative BFD and AF. The project has made a significant con- process. The updating of the long term Forest Master tribution to the BCCSAP objectives of climate change Plan was delayed but a final draft was ready in Novem- adaptation and mitigation and provided a sound foun- ber 2016. The training program for BFD staff and com- dation for further interventions in the sector. munity groups has seen some delays, but during 2016 both in-country and overseas training programs were underway. The end 2016 target for training of forest Field Visits in 2016 users was 15,000. By November 2016 33,676 had been trained so this target has been substantially exceeded. A high level delegation from the World Bank visited project sites from February 14-15, 2016. The delegation Project management: Under this component, which comprised of Paula Caballero, Senior Director, ENR and supports project management and incremental operat- KseniyaLvovsky, Practice Manager, Environment Unit, ing costs, a functional PIU was set up in 2014 and has along with Bank staff based in Bangladesh. They visited remained in operation. The PIU is also providing nec- some project sites in Cox’s Bazaar South Forest Division PIU officials of the CRPARP with project participants during a field visit in Chittagong. Credit: CRPARP BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF to learn about various activities of Bangladesh Forest forest produces. The Somittee consists of 105 marginal Department,Arannyak Foundation and Marine life Alli- people (15 of them are CPG member whereas 65 of ance. Mr. Md. Yunus Ali, Chief Conservator of Forests, them are beneficiaries of Social Forestry program of Bangladesh Forest Department, Task Team Leader and Bangladesh Forest Department). The delegates also Project Director, CRPARP Project, and Task Team Leader visited Madarbonia of Ukhia, Cox’s Bazaar to see the and Project Director, SRCWP, Executive Director, Aran- activities of “Madarbunia Chakmapara Bon Raskha So- nyak Foundation and other officials were present in mittee” run by SHED a partner NGO of Arannyak Foun- Cox’s Bazaar South Forest Division with the delegation. dation. A colorful cultural program was performed by an ethic community of Bangladesh named Chakma. Bangladesh Forest Department and Arannyak Foun- The sea turtle conservation program of Marine Life Al- dation jointly facilitated the program. As part of the liance was also visited by the delegates in Sapatkhali of program, the delegation visited various CRPARP plan- Ukhia, Cox’s Bazaar to observe the sea turtle conserva- tation sites . The delegation visited buffer zone plan- tion program of Marine Life Alliance. They released a tations of Thainkhali Beat under Ukhia Range. After turtle named ‘Paula’ having a transmitter with her. The the visit to the plantation sites, the delegates had delegates had a discussion meeting with staff & volun- an open discussion meeting with 100 beneficiaries teers of Marine Life Alliance, Fishermen, students and of that plantation area. The beneficiaries opined for the local people. Marine Life Alliance is a non-govern- more plantations in the locality under social forestry programs so that the neighbors also can get the op- ment organization reputed for marine animals conser- portunity to involve themselves as the beneficiaries vation programs. It was established in 2005. of the plantation program and can get the benefit. The delegates then visited Khuniapalong of Ramu, Cox’s Project Website Bazaar to see the activities of component -2 of CRPARP Project. They observed the activities of “Bahumukhi- The project website was launched on February 29, UnnayanSomobaySomittee” in Khuniapalog Union run 2016. The website is available here: by Arannyak Foundation with its partner NGO-YPSA. A http://crparp-bfd.org/ discussion meeting also took place with the beneficia- The launching ceremony was featured on the news. ries. YPSA with Arannyak Foundation formed the So- The video coverage can be found below: mittee in February 2015 in order to improve AIGA of that locality to reduce their dependency on forest and https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZPufdvgTl8o (5) RURAL ELECTRIFICATION AND RENEWABLE Background and objectives ENERGYDEVELOPMENT PROJECT II (RERED II), Rain-fed agriculture was dominant in Bangladesh until SOLAR IRRIGATION PROJECT mechanized irrigation was introduced in the 1970s to in- Project number: P131263 crease agricultural productivity and meet the demands of the growing population. Diesel-driven irrigation plays Grant amount: $10 million an important role given the low access to electricity in Responsible agency: Infrastructure Development rural Bangladesh. As irrigation schemes became popu- Company Limited (IDCOL) lar, fuel costs became a burden on rural households as well as on the national economy. As part of the Govern- ment of Bangladesh’s strategy for addressing off-grid electrification, mitigating climate change, and ensuring 30 Credit: World Bank food security, in June 2012 the MC approved prepara- The overall resources agreed upon for RERED II are as fol- tion of a Solar Irrigation Project to replace diesel-driven lows: IDA, $155 million; BCCRF, $10 million; Kreditanstalt- pumps with solar pumps. The World Bank’s Board of Ex- fürWiederaufbau (Reconstruction Credit Institute, KfW), ecutive Directors approved RERED II in September 2012 $12.9 million; and USAID, $7.6 million. BCCRF funds will that included solar irrigation amongst other interven- be used solely for the solar irrigation component. tions, and the GC approved the Solar Irrigation Project in June 2013. The grant agreement for $10 million was signed in September 2013. Updated status Disbursements for the Solar Irrigation Project began in This project is cofinanced with RERED II, a larger-scale 2014. After some initial delays, the pace of solar-pow- IDA project expected to provide electricity to 2.5 mil- ered irrigation pump installation has picked up. By the lion people and clean cooking solutions to more than 1 end of 2016, 489 pumps had been installed covering million households. The cofinancing arrangement with 35,062 acres of land and serving 11,453 farmers.  With an IDA project expedited the formulation of the Solar concerted push from the implementing agency and the Irrigation Project, and appraisal was completed two World Bank, the allocation of $10 million is expected months after MC approval. to be fully utilized within the grace period for disburse- ment by March 31, 2017 through pumps installed by The Government of Bangladesh established IDCOL in the project closing of December 31, 2016. 1997 to bridge the financing gap for developing infra- structure and renewable energy projects. IDCOL is re- The project has made an important and innovatory con- sponsible for implementing RERED II, and it plans to tribution to climate change mitigation efforts in Bangla- finance 1,250 solar irrigation pumps (which include desh by supporting a sustainable model for replacing BCCRF-financed pumps). diesel powered pumps with solar irrigation pumps. ANNUAL REPORT 2016 31 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF 3.3 ANALYTICAL AND ADVISORY ACTIVITIES (AAAS) 3.3.1 Overview Collaborating closely with the Government of Bangla- outmigration from vulnerable areas; (6) Economic as- desh and other stakeholders, the World Bank provides sessment of ways to improve energy efficiency and analytical support to address knowledge gaps affecting green growth in Bangladesh. implementation of the government’s BCCSAP. Through The following sections present an overview of the se- a consultative process six knowledge gaps were identi- lection process and of the AAAs that were approved by fied in 2010: (1) Impacts of climate change on vector- the MC. Five AAAs have been undertaken and are sum- borne diseases and implications for the health sector; marized in Table 8. (Further detail on these was pro- (2) Natural disasters in a changing climate and the ap- vided earlier, in section 2.3 of this annual report.) plicability of risk-financing instruments; (3) Waterlog- ging of urban areas in a changing climate and potential A sixth AAA, “Scaling Up Innovation in Disaster Risk Man- damage and adaptation; (4) Risks to coastal zones in a agement in Bangladesh,” was originally approved, but was changing climate and from ingress of the salinity fron- later dropped after discussions with counterparts because tier; (5) Assessment of the threat of climate-induced the study topic was covered under another initiative. Table 8: AAAs under Implementation BCCRF MC ap- Approved amount proval date Title Status (US$, millions ) October 2011 Impact of Climate Change on Climate-Sensitive Complete 0.2 (original) Diseases and Implications for the Health Sector 0.3 (modified in 2012) October 2011 Urban Flooding of Greater Dhaka Area in a Complete 0.51 Changing Climate: Vulnerability, Adaptation and Potential Costs June 2012 Guidance Note for the Urir Char–Noakhali Complete 0.73 Cross Dam November 2012 Innovations in Flood Risk Mitigation in Dhaka Draft Final Report under 0.3 review, to be completed on schedule November 2012 Making Climate Data Relevant to Decision Complete 0.25 Making in Bangladesh: Spatial and Temporal Downscaling 32 3.3.2 Implementation Progress for Objective and outcome Analytical and Advisory Activities To understand the health implications of climate approved by the MC change, the study examined detailed data on rainfall, temperature, and extreme weather events in Bangla- (1) Impact of Climate Change on Climate-Sensitive desh and analyzed the links between climate variability Diseases and Implications for the Health Sector and incidence of climate-sensitive diseases. This study Project number: P143457 was followed by an examination of the implications of Grant amount: Originally approved $0.2 million, this assessment for the design of prevention and treat- increased by $0.1 million in 2012 to a total of $0.3 ment policies. Given that the Government of Bangla- million desh needs to plan health-related public expenditures in advance, this type of analysis could influence policy options in the next 10–15 years. Background The analysis also reviewed existing health projects as Bangladesh is one of the most climate-vulnerable well as studies on the costs of health interventions to re- countries in the world. Climate variability and extreme duce the incidence of disease and related mortality and weather events, such as inland and coastal floods, morbidity, with a specific focus on areas expected to be droughts, tropical cyclones, and storm surges, are pro- most vulnerable to the health impacts of climate change. jected to become more frequent and severe as aver- The study tested various methodological approaches for age temperatures rise with climate change. Added to estimating the costs of dealing with major climate-sensi- the climate risks are rapid but unplanned urbanization, tive diseases. The research has made a major contribu- with a growing slum population, inadequate access to tion to better public health policy making in the context safe drinking water and sanitary facilities, high levels of of climate change adaptation in the region. poverty and population density, and high prevalence of malnutrition and disease incidence among children. The adverse health consequences of increased climate risks Methodology and data are likely to worsen the situation if well-targeted and The study involved the following activities: cost-effective health adaptation measures are not put in place now. Important vector species (for example,  Quantification of the impact of climate variability mosquitoes) may increase the spread of vector-borne and extreme events on the incidence of climate- diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, lymphatic fila- sensitive diseases, using econometric models riasis, kala azar (visceral leishmaniasis), encephalitis,  Projection of future health burdens, taking ac- and chikungunya in both new and existing areas that count of population growth and estimating the lack strong public health infrastructure. Climate change population at risk across space is also likely to increase the incidence of waterborne infectious diseases and bring additional stresses such  Estimation of the costs of health adaptation, using as dehydration, malnutrition, and heat-related morbid- project information to assess costs based on unit ity, especially among children and the elderly. A high values multiplied by the target population living in priority for policy planning in the coming decades is to vulnerable areas and by incidence of diseases improve the ability of the health system to deal effec-  Estimation of the costs of health adaptation, tively with the changing health risks both in scale and in including the costs of treating additional cases (re- spatial distribution. active adaptation) and the costs of taking preven- ANNUAL REPORT 2016 33 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF tive measures to reduce the incidence of disease in traditional areas of development can mitigate (proactive adaptation) to a great extent the excessive health burden at- tributable to climate change.  Estimation of the costs of health adaptation, considering health outcomes, type of intervention  Strong seasonal patterns are identified between (treatment or prevention), expected reduction in climate variability and vector-borne diseases, but the incidence of mortality and morbidity in rela- future efforts should focus on filling the evidence tion to all identified vector-borne diseases, and gap on cost-effectiveness of various control and geographic region where the impact is expected management programs.  Use of cost-benefit and cost-effectiveness analysis  Rapid urbanization and a growing urban slum to assess whether these costs are reasonable population are quickly changing the population  Use of data from various sources, such as national dynamics in Bangladesh, which has implications health surveys, weather station data, and various for climate-induced health risks. time-series disease-monitoring data  Cost-effectiveness analysis should be fully imple- mented by both government units and donor Updated status agencies to inform the allocation and prioritization The final report on this activity was completed in 2015 of public resources. and benefited from comments from BCCRF stakehold- The research was well publicized in 2014. A prepublica- ers as well as sector technical experts. The report, “Cli- tion webinar was hosted on March 18 by the BRAC Uni- mate Change and Health Impacts: How Vulnerable Is versity Distance Learning Centre to seek comments from Bangladesh and What Needs to Be Done?” is available stakeholders. In July 2014, a World Bank blog discussed online.4 Its key findings are as follows: the report’s findings. The hard copies were distributed  Impact of climate variability on childhood diseases among stakeholders in 2015. In addition, a video about is significant and varies by season, but investment the report is accessible at https://vimeo.com/114833589. 4 The report (World Bank, 2015a) can be accessed at: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/2182 (2) URBAN FLOODING OF GREATER DHAKA AREA IN A city. Spatial variations in resilience patterns result from CHANGING CLIMATE: VULNERABILITY, ADAPTATION differences in the strengths and weaknesses of the city’s AND POTENTIAL COSTS economic, social, physical, institutional or natural aspects Project number: P133511 across its various parts. Traditional frameworks to assess Grant amount: $0.51 million adaptive capacity at the local level have focused largely on assets and capitals as indicators. While useful in un- derstanding the capacity of a system to cope with disas- Background ters and adapt to changing environments, asset-oriented Megacity Dhaka encounters various kinds of natural di- approaches overlook the processes and functions of a sys- sasters quite frequently owing to its geographical loca- tem (for example, governance system, community partici- tion and a number of other physical and environmental pation in decision-making, knowledge dissemination and conditions including low topography, land characteristics, management, structure of institutions and entitlements multiplicity of rivers and the monsoon climate. Climate etc.) that are important aspects influencing the capacity and disaster resilience are not the same in all parts of a of a human system to respond to climate change events. 34 Objectives and expected outcome billion in Dhaka even if climate change is not consid- ered. In a changing climate, the loss will be BDT 139 bil- The study aimed to assess the capacity of the Dhaka lion due to waterlogging caused by more intense rain- metropolitan area to address current climate variability, fall events predicted between 2014 and 2050. to predict climate change-induced flooding and water- logging, to forecast changes in the depth and duration of The study estimates if an intense rainfall, like the rain- location-specific waterlogging, and to estimate potential fall of September 2004 (341mm in 24 hours) occurs in damage. It also aimed to identify adaptation options and 2050, then Dhaka will need BDT 2.7 billion investment in define key policy priorities for decision makers in dealing stormwater drainage pumps, drainage pipe clearing and with the impacts of climate change. other measures to reduce inundation depth to 4-8 inch- es in every neighborhood within 12 hours. The amount Methodology and data is equivalent to 0.35 percent of the government’s annual development budget expenditure for 2014-2015. Dhaka This study used information on topography, land cover, will need the investment in addition to the improve- river stage, river flow, river sections, river alignments, ments in the drainage infrastructure proposed in RAJUK’s land cover, meteorological records, population den- Detailed Area Plan, Dhaka WASA’s Sewerage Master Plan sity and various other socioeconomic characteristics of and Narayanganj City Corporation’s Concept Vision Plan. constituent wards of Greater Dhaka Area for (i) hydro- The incremental cost of adaptation for Dhaka to climate logical modeling and development of flood adaptation change by 2050 will be about BDT 1.3 billion. measures, (ii) spatial ranking of flood vulnerability, (iii) evaluation of expected damage from flooding, and (iv) The study also investigates whether it is worthwhile estimation of adaptation costs. In addition, this study to undertake the recommended investment, and used Climate Disaster Resilience Index (CDRI) - a plan- found potential damages from waterlogging due to ning tool developed by the Climate and Disaster Re- intense rainfall events between 2014 and 2050 would silience Initiative of the Kyoto University to measure be reduced significantly to BDT 49 billion in a chang- climate disaster resilience of Dhaka City in its seven ing climate and to BDT 37 billion in absence of climate drainage zones - at ward and thana level. To compute change, if BDT 2.7 billion investment is made. Dhaka’s CDRI, a micro-level analysis was conducted and The final report has been published in book form (Das- local situations of wards and thanas were assessed col- gupta et al, 2015) and the results summarized in a World lecting survey data. The CDRI was quantified with 125 Bank Development Series paper (World Bank, 2015). variables (25 components along five dimensions physi- Both the book and the development series paper are cal, social, economic, institutional and natural). available on line. The book can be accessed here: https:// openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/22768 Updated status The Development Series paper (World Bank, 2015) can The study is complete. The authors found that floods be accessed here: and waterlogging in Dhaka regularly disrupt the lives http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/ and livelihoods of the city dwellers and most adversely en/2015/11/25477835/climate-disaster-resilience- affect the fringe areas and slums. With more frequent greater-dhaka-area-micro-level-analysis and intense rainfall, climate change is likely to further aggravate flooding and waterlogging in the coming de- When the report was published it was the subject of cades. The study calculated potential damages from much publicity. It was featured on the main World Bank waterlogging between 2014 and 2050 will be BDT 110 website5 and in many newspaper articles in Bangladesh. 5 See story at: http://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2015/12/01/dhaka-needs-climate-smart-policies-to-reduce-waterlogging-in-a-changing-climate ANNUAL REPORT 2016 35 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF (3) GUIDANCE NOTE FOR THE URIR CHAR–NOAKHALI Meghna Estuary in 1957 and in 1964. The success of CROSS DAM these cross dams has encouraged the government to Project number: P144068 construct new cross dams in this area.6 Grant amount: $0.73 million Objectives and expected outcome Background This study was requested by the Government of Ban- Land accretion and erosion in the Meghna Estuary is a gladesh and endorsed by the BCCRF MC as a priority re- continuous and gradual natural process. Approximately search project concerning the possibility of developing 1.1 billion tons of sediment is transported to the Bay the Urir Char–Noakhali Cross Dam. Previous studies to of Bengal through the Lower Meghna River and gives support the construction of the cross dam were based rise to natural accretion in the shallow water areas of on limited information and modeling of the dynamics the Meghna Estuary. At present, 9 square kilometers of the coastal area. The proposed cross dam is expected of land rises each year in the Meghna Estuary because to reclaim around 10,000 hectares of land within seven of natural accretion. However, a structural intervention years after construction. Given the concerns associated is required to accelerate the rate of land accretion for with accreting lands in vulnerable areas and to avoid this land-hungry country. Many studies have been con- providing perverse incentives for people to move to ducted regarding the Meghna Estuary, examining the areas exposed to coastal erosion and cyclone landfalls, possibilities of land reclamation from the sea and the the design of the cross dam would need to be resilient use of reclaimed land mainly for agricultural purposes. to short- and long-term risks. Therefore the objective Two cross dams have already been constructed in the of the technical note was to inform Bank specialists 6 Crossdams are structures between naturally accreted chars (or islands) or a char and the mainland. They are meant to accelerate the natural accretion process and increase land areas. Credit: Ihtisham Kabir and to support the Government of Bangladesh and the along with the establishment of a baseline for Bangladesh Water Development Board (BWDB) with monitoring indicators targeted knowledge to support the preparation of the  Prepare indicative project cost and benefit esti- cross dam project. mates, guidelines for social anvd environmental considerations, investment scheduling, and eco- Methodology and data nomic and financial analyses including sensitivity analyses for possible scenarios The activity covered the following tasks:  Review of all related available documents, particularly feasibility and technical studies for cross dam works Updated status  Undertake surveys, investigations, analyses, and This study is complete. A final report, “Cross Dam De- all comprehensive modeling required to provide velopment Project: Guidelines for the Construction of guidelines to support the proposed project the Urir Char–Noakhali Cross Dam,” was provided to the  Propose a monitoring and evaluation framework Government of Bangladesh on November 22, 2014. (4) INNOVATIONS IN FLOOD RISK MITIGATION IN Review of International Experience with Green Defense DHAKA and Eco-engineering Approaches to Flood Risk Mitiga- Project number: P148929 tion; and (v) Identification of eco-engineering measures. Grant amount: $0.3 million Preliminary Findings Background Emerging highlights from the study related to flood The study on “Innovations in Flood Risk Mitigation in risk management in Dhaka Metropolitan area (DMA) Dhaka” is supported through a BCCRF Grant/TF (No. and Greater Dhaka—also known as Detailed Area Plan 016647) of US$ 300,000. It is also supported by a sepa- (DAP) area are presented below: rate grant from the GFDRR (Global Facility for Disaster  While it is well recognized that flooding and water Reduction and Recovery). The main objective of the re- logging in Dhaka are due to a number of factors port is to provide recommendations to the Government such as river flooding, intense heavy rainfall and of Bangladesh for long term adaptive management of lack of an integrated flood risk management ap- flood risks in the city using innovative eco-engineering proach, an important finding of this report is that approaches in the greater Dhaka area. The intent is also the factors contributing to flooding and water to propose specific interventions that would exemplify logging in Greater Dhaka need to be understood in what such an approach would entail. This requires a a spatially disaggregated way. Factors contributing detailed understanding of local context and hydrology, to water logging in the Dhaka-Narayanganj-Demra flood risk assessment, institutional setting and capaci- (DND) area are not the same as factors contribut- ties, previous government responses to flood risk and a ing to flooding in the western or eastern parts of review of international experience with eco-engineering. the DAP area. Thus a uniform approach to flood risk management may not be feasible for the en- The study’s analysis focuses on the following areas: (i) tire DMA or DAP area. Assessment of flood risk; (ii) Historical review of flood risk management in greater Dhaka; (iii) Assessment of  Another important finding of this report is that Institutional Capacity for Flood Risk Management; (iv) while some parts of the DAP area have municipal ANNUAL REPORT 2016 37 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF management, in other areas there is no municipal system reestablished to address the issue of water- agency responsible for urban service delivery or logging and flooding in different parts of the DMA for flood risk management and mitigation. This and DAP areas. How this can be done is also very is done by a complex web of national, urban and distinct in different parts of Dhaka. also rural agencies in different parts of the DAP  While addressing flood risk in Dhaka is complex, area. Thus, flood risk management needs to be the study proposes concrete ways of adjusting linked to broader improvement of municipal ser- course towards a more sustainable path toward vice delivery in the DMA and DAP area. flood risk management in greater Dhaka.  Third, a historical analysis of infrastructure invest- ments for flood risk management in DMA and the broader DAP area show that infrastructure invest- Updated status ments have taken place in an ad hoc way since the A draft final report was being reviewed within the World 1950s. Even though they are an important aspect of Bank in December 2016. It was expected that the report flood risk management in the greater Dhaka area, would be presented for review by Bangladesh stakehold- the current functioning of the infrastructure network ers early in 2017. No further costs related to the report needs to be improved and connectivity to the river will be charged to BCCRF after the end of 2016. Table 9: List of 17 Downscaled General Circulation Models from the CMIP5 Archives Used in this Analytical Activity Model name Lead research center BCC-CSM1.1  Beijing Climate Center, China Meteorological Administration BNU-ESM College of Global Change and Earth System Science, Beijing Normal University CanESM2 Canadian Centre for Climate Modelling and Analysis CCSM4 National Center for Atmospheric Research CESM1-BGC National Science Foundation, Department of Energy, National Center for Atmospheric Research CNRM-CM5 Centre National de RecherchesMétéorologiques / Centre Européen de Recherche et For- mationAvancées en CalculScientifique GFDL-ESM2G  Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory GFDL-ESM2M  Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory INM-CM4 Institute for Numerical Mathematics IPSL-CM5A-LR  Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace IPSL-CM5A-MR  Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace MIROC5  Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Atmosphere and Ocean Research Institute (The University of Tokyo), and National Institute for Environmental Studies MIROC-ESM  Same as MIROC5 MIROC-ESM-CHEM Same as MIROC5 MPI-ESM-LR  Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M) MPI-ESM-MR  Max Planck Institute for Meteorology (MPI-M) MRI-CGCM3  Meteorological Research Institute 38 Credit: Ihtisham Kabir (5) MAKING CLIMATE DATA RELEVANT TO DECISION climate change scenarios, various statistical downscaling MAKING IN BANGLADESH: SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL methods are in use to provide finer resolution climate sce- DOWNSCALING narios for impacts modeling. These downscaling methods Project number: P146094 are founded on statistical methods for characterizing pres- Grant amount: $0.25 million ent and future climate behavior at regional scales, and de- pend on GCM outputs to run future scenarios. Background Bangladesh is one of the most climate vulnerable countries Objectives and expected outcome in the world. Initial experience of adaptation to climate To better understand the implications of climate change change in various countries shows that early adaptation for different regions in Bangladesh, this analytical work is effective for avoiding damage, provided the projections was designed to produce statistical downscaled projec- of future climate change are sufficiently accurate; and de- tions for temperature and precipitation (rainfall) on a layed adaptation, perhaps due to uncertainty, may lead to spatial grid of 50km – 100km and its aggregation for the greater subsequent costs. Hence, integration of climate Ganges basin, Brahmaputra basin, country Bangladesh risk information in planning is now a priority for policy- and its different key regions. To capture the uncertainty makers, public investment planners, environmental agen- of the extent of climate change, different climate mod- cies and donors. However, direct uses of Global Climate els and alternative climate scenarios from the IPCC As- Model (GCM) outputs are often not appropriate for adap- sessment Reports were considered. tation planning due to their coarse spatial and temporal resolution of GCMs. Hence, bridging the gap between the Methodology and data resolution of climate models and regional and local scale processes represents a major problem. In recent years, This project provides data from 17 General Circulation as policy makers are calling for more information on local Models (GCMs) developed for the Intergovernmen- ANNUAL REPORT 2016 39 Credit: Ihtisham Kabir tal Panel on Climate Change Fifth Assessment Report the Users Guidance Manual which provides the infor- (CMIP5 Archive) run across two representative con- mation necessary to use the climate analysis tool. centration pathways (RCPs 4.5 and 8.5). Table 9 below In order to illustrate application of downscaled climate lists the specific GCMs used by this project. This is only information to potential users in Bangladesh, the web a subset of the GCMs in the CMIP5 archive; the listed version of the Salinity Information System (reference: GCMs were selected because they provide data at a http://sdvmd1.worldbank.org/climateportal/index. daily timescale for the two RCPs across all years from cfm?page=websalinity_dynamics&ThisRegion=Asia&T 1950 to 2099. All these GCMs were downscaled to a hisCcode=BGD ) was developed from an already exist- 0.25 degree resolution (around 25 by 25 kilometers grid ing desktop version using funding from this BCCRF AAA. cell) for 1950–2099. These data were downscaled using the Bias-Corrected-Spatial-Disaggregation methods. The results of the study can be accessed in the World Bank Climate Change portal7. This provides access to a Climate Analysis Tool web application which allows us- Updated status ers to explore and access downscaled climate data for The study is complete. The major output was down- Bangladesh and subnational regions.  The tool (which scaled climate data from models referred to by IPCC As- is powered by “Climate Wizard” software) provides sessment Report 5 for the territory of Bangladesh and access to a range of climate relevant parameters and its sub-regions. The downscaled data can be found at statistics derived from General Circulation Models used http://climatewizard.ciat.cgiar.org/wbclimateanalysis- in the 5th Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental tool/ Users can scroll down the webpage and download Panel on Climate Change. 8 7 The portal can be accessed here: http://sdwebx.worldbank.org/climateportal/index.cfm?page=websalinity_about&ThisRegion=Asia&ThisCcode=BGD 8 The climate analysis tool can be found here: http://climatewizard.ciat.cgiar.org/wbclimateanalysistool/. The IPCC fifth assessment report can be found here: https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar5/ 40 4 FUTURE ACTIVITIES IN 2017 ANNUAL REPORT 2016 41 © Scott Wallace / World Bank 42 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF Credit: Ihtisham Kabir 4 Future Activities in 2017 Investment and AAA activities financed under the BC- 4.2 INVESTMENT PROJECT SUPERVISION CRF were all complete at the end of 2016. The current Fund is due to close on 30th June 2017 and program The World Bank will provide development partner management activities will therefore be limited to set- briefings at closing for the following recipient-executed tlement of outstanding accounts, closure of the fund projects: and final reporting on the achievements of the BCCRF.  Community Climate Change Project (CCCP 4.1 PROGRAM MANAGEMENT  Climate-Resilient Participatory Afforestation and Reforestation Project (CRPARP) BCCRF program management priorities will focus on the following:  Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy De- velopment project II (RERED II), Solar Irrigation  Continuing to communicate BCCRF progress regu- Project larly to the development partners and stakeholders Table 10 presents details of the proposed 2017 work  Closure of the Fund at the end of June 2017. plan: Table 10: Proposed Work Plan, January – June 2017 Activity Q1 Q2 Results framework N/A N/A Communications Ongoing outreach Ongoing outreach Annual report Annual Report 2016 printed and disseminated Trusteeship Fund management Fund management ANNUAL REPORT 2016 43 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF REFERENCES Dasgupta et al, 2015 Dasgupta, Susmita, Asif Zaman, Sub- World Bank 2015. Climate Change and Health Impacts: hendu Roy, MainulHuq, Sarwar Jahan and AinunNishat. How Vulnerable is Bangladesh and What is to be Done? Urban Flooding of Greater Dhaka in a Changing Climate: Final Report, World Bank, 2015https://openknowledge. Building Local Resilience to Disaster Risk, Directions in De- worldbank.org/handle/10986/21820 velopment, Washington D.C., World Bank 2015 https:// openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/22768 World Bank, 2015. Climate and Disaster Resilience of Greater Dhaka Area: A Micro Level Analysis. Bangla- Government of Bangladesh. 2009. Bangladesh Climate desh Development Series paper No 32, World Bank, No- Change Strategy and Action Plan 2009. Dhaka: Ministry of vember 2015http://documents.worldbank.org/curated/ Environment and Forests. http://www.climatechangecell. en/2015/11/25477835/climate-disaster-resilience- org.bd/Documents/climate_change_strategy2009.pdf greater-dhaka-area-micro-level-analysis Credit: CRPARP 44 ANNUAL REPORT 2016 45 Credit: Ihtisham Kabir Credit: Ihtisham Kabir BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF 46 ANNEXES ANNUAL REPORT 2016 47 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF Credit: Ihtisham Kabir 48 ANNEXES Annex A. BCCRF Governance and Roles A.1 Governing Council BCCRF is an innovative partnership of the GoB, development The GC provides overall strategic direction and guidance partners and the World Bank to address the impacts of to the BCCRF and ensures its alignment with the BCCSAP climate change. Leadership in implementing BCCRF rests (Government of Bangladesh 2009). It is a high-level com- with the GoB, in collaboration with the development mittee chaired by the Minister of Environment and For- partners and the World Bank. The multi-donor partnership ests (MoEF) and comprises the respective ministers from is designed to enable the GoB to channel grant funds to millions of Bangladeshis to help build their resilience to the Ministries of Agriculture, Finance, Food and Disas- the effects of climate change. ter Management, Foreign Affairs, Water Resources, and Women and Children Affairs; secretaries from the Office BCCRF’s governance structure consists of three tiers: (i) Governing Council (GC); (ii) Management Committee of the Prime Minister, the MoEF, the Economic Relations (MC); and (iii) Secretariat. Division (ERD) of the Ministry of Finance, and Ministry of Planning; two representatives from the contributing de- The BCCRF is an innovative partnership of the Government of Bangladesh, development partners, and the World Bank velopment partners; two representatives from civil soci- to address the impacts of climate change. Leadership in ety; and the country director of the World Bank’s Dhaka implementing the BCCRF rests with the Government of Office as an observer. Bangladesh, in collaboration with the development part- The GC’s primary responsibility is to provide advisory ners and the World Bank. The multidonor partnership guidance on the program’s strategic goals, including is designed to enable the Government of Bangladesh to channel grant funds to millions of Bangladeshis to help approval of project proposals, ensuring alignment with build their resilience to the effects of climate change. the Government of Bangladesh’s climate change strat- egy, setting grant criteria, and providing guidance on The BCCRF’s governance structure consists of three tiers: the Governing Council (GC), the Management Committee the eventual transfer of the BCCRF Secretariat function (MC), and the Secretariat. to the MoEF. ANNUAL REPORT 2016 49 A.2 Management Committee level monitoring and evaluation, and preparation and implementation of the eventual transfer of the BCCRF The MC is a small technical committee, chaired by the secretariat functions from the World Bank to the Gov- secretary of the MoEF,whose members include two ernment of Bangladesh. other MoEFrepresentatives (the joint secretary, devel- opment, and the deputy secretary, environment); one representative from the ERD (additional secretary); one A.4 Role of the World Bank representative from the Planning Commission (General The World Bank is responsible for satisfying due dili- Economic Division); two representatives from contribut- gence requirements for the BCCRF. The World Bank en- ing development partners; one representative from the sures that BCCRF resources for project implementation World Bank; and one representative from civil society. and other activities are used with attention to the prin- The MC’s primary responsibilities are to (a) carry out ciples of (a) economy (costs are kept low); (b) efficiency detailed reviews of grant requests submitted by the (BCCRF is getting the most out of the expenditures); secretariat; (b) ensure that grant requests submitted and (c) effectiveness (monies are used for the intended are in line with the Implementation Manual; and (c) purposes and toward targeted results). recommend projects for preparation to the GC. The MC To pursue the above principles, the World Bank is cur- also reviews and endorses the Implementation Man- rently performing three functions:a secretariat func- ual, the work program, and budget allocations as well tion, a trustee function, and a task team function.The as the reports prepared by the secretariat for submis- latter is performed by task teams led by technical spe- sion to the GC before public dissemination. If funding is cialists (for example,in agriculture, energy, and envi- required for project preparation, the MC recommends ronment) as task team leaders (TTLs) and comprising the amount needed to the GC. team members such as procurement specialists, finan- cial management specialists, safeguard specialists, and A.3 Secretariat lawyers. The World Bank team has continued to per- form a large part of the secretariat’s originally planned On February 23, 2011, the MC approved the establish- functions. ment of a BCCRF Secretariat at the MoEF to support the administration of BCCRF activities. The GC subse- The World Bank was selected to perform these func- quently approved an allocation of $0.2 million on May tions because of its extensive experience in managing 19, 2011, for the establishment of the secretariat. On trust funds. Among the active trust funds of the World July 1, 2012, the MoEFjoint secretary was appointed as Bank Group’s International Bank for Reconstruction BCCRF project director to lead the BCCRF Secretariat, and Development (IBRD) and International Develop- and a consultant came on board in November 2012 as ment Association (IDA), multi-donor trust funds such the first dedicated staff for the MoEF BCCRF Secretari- as BCCRF account for roughly 50 percent. In addition, at. Subsequently staffing slowly increased, and offices the World Bank is well positioned to share its analytical were refurbished and equipped. and technical advisory experience on international best practices in development. Hence, it is also providing an- The BCCRF secretariat’s main functions were intended alytical work, knowledge management, and technical to include day-to-day support to the MC and GC, ad- assistance for the implementation of the government’s vocacy, communications, donor coordination, program- BCCSAP through BCCRF. 50 Annex B. BCCRF Results Framework, June 2013 Objective 1: The Government of Bangladesh demonstrates capacity to lead and manage BCCRF through a functioning secretariat within MoEF. Outcomes Outcome indicators Outputs Output indicators Outcome 1. 1 1.1Percentage of 1.1 MC and GC meetings 1.1Percentage of decisions made Demonstrated capacity meetings where focus on decisions and in MC and GC meetings that were of secretariat to lead decisions have been follow-up followed up on or completed governing committees formally agreed to through other means, such as or signed off on by agreement to endorse a decision the Government of on an issue or drop them Bangladesh Outcome 1. 2 1.2.1 Percentage 1.2.1 Sector guides and 1.2.1.1Percentage of investment Demonstrated capacity of investment prioritization criteria proposals aligned with the sector of secretariat to manage proposals where made available to sector guides and provide oversight on secretariat guides organizations 1.2.1.2Percentage of investment BCCRF activities sector organizations 1.2.2 Human resources proposals reviewed through lens to submit quality and fiduciary systems are of prioritization criteria proposals in place and functional in 1.2.2.1 Number of qualified 1.2.2 Level and quality secretariat human resources recruited of human resources and fiduciary due 1.2.2.2Percentage of annual diligence associated procurement transactions and with secretariat financial audits completed activities Outcome 1.3 1.3Percentage of 1.3.1 Monitoring and 1.3.1.1Percentage of indicators Demonstrated capacity indicators that are evaluation (M&E) system from M&E system that are of secretariat to measure measured annually in place to track BCCRF reported on to track BCCRF and report on BCCRF using verifiable means progress progress results achieved 1.3.1.2 Number of quarterly monitoring reports on BCCRF progress produced and disseminated Outcome 1.4 1.4Percentage 1.4.1 Communication plan 1.4.1Percentage of annual Demonstrated capacity of of stakeholder that includes activities on activities endorsed in secretariat to contribute groups that report communications outreach communication plan that are to wider communication, satisfaction with level and dissemination of implemented on time coordination and of communication, knowledge 1.4.2 Number of LCG-related knowledge sharing with coordination, and 1.4.2LCGand other meetings or workshops in which multiple stakeholders, knowledge sharing platforms capitalized upon best practices and lessons from including donors and offered through or by to enhance coordination BCCRF initiatives are discussed NGOs BCCRF and share lessons among and acted upon the stakeholders ANNUAL REPORT 2016 51 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF Objective 2: BCCRF investments contribute to climate resiliency of targeted vulnerable population. Outcomes Outcome indicators Outputs Output indicators Outcome 2.1 BCCRF 2.1Percentage of 2.1 Innovative proposals 2.1Percentage of proposals incentivizes investments proposals approved submitted submitted that are innovative that are innovative in a that are innovative climate change program Outcome 2.2 Improved 2.2 Demonstrated 2.2.1 Households in climate- 2.2.1Number of households in resilience to climate climate change vulnerable areas with climate-vulnerable areas with change effects in resiliency measures increased access to food increased access to food targeted population adopted with BCCRF financing 2.2.2 Farmers adopting 2.2.2Number of farmers climate-adaptive agriculture adopting climate-adaptive agriculture 2.2.3 Climate-resilient infrastructure assets created 2.2.3Number of climate-resilient infrastructure assets created 2.2.4 Farmers with access to clean energy services 2.2.4Number of farmers with access to clean energy services 2.2.5 Area covered under afforestation and 2.2.5 Area restored, afforested, reforestation program in or reafforested (in hectares) climate-vulnerable areas 2.2.6 Community jobs (days, 2.2.6 More community jobs millions) created through in forestry sector in climate- afforestation and reforestation vulnerable areas program 2.2.7 Community-based 2.2.7Number of community- subgrants awarded based subgrants awarded 2.2.8 Community 2.2.8Percentage of communities mechanisms established where mechanisms are and functioning to respond established and functioning in effectively to specific climate selected communities to respond risk effectively to specific climate risk Objective 3: The Government of Bangladesh demonstrates strategic leadership on national climate change policy and global climate financing. Outcomes Outcome indicators Outputs Output indicators Outcome 3.1 Increased 3.1Number of entities 3.1 Proposals submitted 3.1Number of entities identified capacity of entity within that submit draft from potential candidates in for possible NIE accreditation and outside government NIE packages using line with UNFCCC guidelines to submit proposal for UNFCCC guidelines to NIE accreditation the Government of Bangladesh for review Outcome 3.2 Increased 3.2Number of policy 3.2 Mechanisms for 3.2Number of knowledge knowledge and lessons recommendations from knowledge management management activities (including learned to inform climate BCCRF activities and policy dialogue that are Bank-executed AAAs or other change policy in place important policy workshops or papers) undertaken on sector analyses or lessons learned from Bangladesh 52 Outcomes Outcome indicators Outputs Output indicators Outcome 3.3Number of requests 3.3 Lessons offered through 3.3.1Number of events and 3.3Consideration of by other countries written or other means papers through which the Bangladesh as an to the Government Government of Bangladesh international model of Bangladesh to provides lessons from BCCRF for implementing provide lessons learned sound climate change on climate change 3.3.2 Number of articles in adaptation solutions adaptation international and national media on BCCRF activities and results Note:MoEF = Ministry of Environment and Forests. GC = Governing Council. MC = Management Committee. NGO = nongovernmental organization. LCG = Local Consultative Group on Environment and Climate Change. AAAs = analytical and advisory activities. NIE = National Implementing Entity.UNFCCC = United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. Annex C. BCCRF Reporting Framework, December 2016 Target values Target Status as of value, Responsibility Output Unit of Dec. 31, 2016 2016–17 Data source or for data indicator measure Baseline (Yr 4) (Yr 5) Freq. methodology collection Objective 1: The Government of Bangladesh demonstrates capacity to lead and manage BCCRF through a functioning secretariat within MoEF. Output 1.1: MC and GC meetings focus on decisions and follow up. Output Percentage 25% Target value: 90% Annual Minutes of World Bank indicator 1.1 of 85% MC and GC team (Yr outstanding meetings 1), BCCRF Outstanding issues Actual: 100% Secretariat issues followed up Follow-up with the followed up There was documents support of or completed, one formal (for example, World Bank such as GC meeting letters written team (Yr agreement in CY2016. and so on) 2), BCCRF to either This meeting Secretariat (Yr endorse resulted in 3 onward) issues or drop decisions about them BCCRF future strategy. Output 1.2.1: Prioritization criteria are made available to sector organizations. Output Number of 0 Target value: 100% Annual MC meeting BCCRF indicator 1.2.1 investment 100% minutes, Secretariat proposals project Investment reviewed Actual: 100% evaluation proposals that meet documents No new reviewed prioritization investment that meet criteria proposals were prioritization reviewed in criteria CY2016. ANNUAL REPORT 2016 53 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF Target values Target Status as of value, Responsibility Output Unit of Dec. 31, 2016 2016–17 Data source or for data indicator measure Baseline (Yr 4) (Yr 5) Freq. methodology collection Output 1.2.2: Human resources and fiduciary systems are in place and functional in the BCCRF Secretariat. Output Number 0 This indicator is 10 Annual Secretariat Secretariat indicator 1.2.2 of staff no longer being capacity- and World recruited tracked. building Bank team Qualified project human progress resources reports, aide recruited memoires, procurement plans Output 1.3: A program monitoring and evaluation (M&E) system in place to track BCCRF progress. Output Number of 0 This indicator is 4 Quarterly Quarterly World Bank indicator 1.3 quarterly no longer being monitoring team (Yr reports tracked. report 1), BCCRF Quarterly prepared and Secretariat monitoring disseminated with the reports support of on BCCRF World Bank progress team (Yr 2), produced and and BCCRF disseminated Secretariat (Yr 3 onward) Output 1.4: LCG and other platforms are capitalized upon to enhance coordination and share lessons among the stakeholders. Output Number of 0 Target value: 4 4 Annual LCG meeting BCCRF indicator 1.4 meetings agenda and Secretariat relating Actual: 1 minutes LCG-related to best meetings or practices The Climate workshops and lessons Change and in which best learned Environment practices LCG in April and lessons 2016 briefly from BCCRF discussed initiatives are BCCRF funding. discussed and acted upon 54 Target values Target Status as of value, Responsibility Output Unit of Dec. 31, 2016 2016–17 Data source or for data indicator measure Baseline (Yr 4) (Yr 5) Freq. methodology collection Objective 2: BCCRF investments contribute to climate resiliency of targeted vulnerable population. Output 2.1: Innovative proposals are submitted. Output Percentage 0 Target value: 50% Annual Evaluation BCCRF indicator 2.1 of proposals 40% of proposals Secretariat that clearly submitted with the Submission articulate the Actual: N/A support of of innovative innovation World Bank proposals (as No proposals (Yr 2), a percentage were submitted of all projects during CY2016. BCCRF submitted) Secretariat (Yr 3 onward) Output 2.2.1: Households in climate-vulnerable areas have increased access to food. Output Tons, n.a. This grant n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. indicator 2.2.1 thousands agreement was not signed. Incremental This indicator public storage is therefore not capacity for being tracked. food grain (measuring the aggregate storage capacity of a total of eight public silos) Output 2.2.2: Farmers are adopting climate-adaptive agriculture. Output n.a. n.a. In 2014, the n.a. n.a. n.a. n.a. indicator 2.2.2 Government of Bangladesh n.a. decided not to use BCCRF resources for the agriculture project. This indicator is therefore not being tracked. ANNUAL REPORT 2016 55 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF Target values Target Status as of value, Responsibility Output Unit of Dec. 31, 2016 2016–17 Data source or for data indicator measure Baseline (Yr 4) (Yr 5) Freq. methodology collection Output 2.2.3: Climate-resilient infrastructure assets are created. Output Number 0 Target value: 61 61 Annual ECRRP Local indicator 2.2.3 of climate- progress Government resilient Actual: 61 reports and Engineering Climate- assets aide memoires Department resilient As of Dec. project infrastructure 31, 2015, management assets construction unit for (cyclone of all planned cyclone shelter shelters) cyclone shelters project created under BCCRF was complete. Output 2.2.4: Farmers have access to clean energy services. Output Number 0 Target value: 531 Annual Solar Irrigation IDCOL indicator 2.2.4 of solar 531 Project irrigation progress Installation of pumps Actual: 489 at reports and solar irrigation installed end 2016 aide memoires pumps Note: the installed pumps were of a higher capacity than originally envisoned, as a result the number of pumps has reduced. However, the project has fulfilled its target 100% of area covered (35,062 acres), and number of farmers benefitted (11,453). 56 Target values Target Status as of value, Responsibility Output Unit of Dec. 31, 2016 2016–17 Data source or for data indicator measure Baseline (Yr 4) (Yr 5) Freq. methodology collection Output 2.2.5: Areas covered under afforestation and reforestation program in climate-vulnerable areas. Output Hectares (ha) 0 Target value: 17,000 Annual CRPARP Bangladesh indicator 2.2.5 afforested or 13,000 ha progress Forest reafforested reports, Department Cumulative Actual: 17,500 third-party (BFD), area restored, ha t end of 2016 monitoring, independent afforested, or remote sensing, monitoring reafforested and geographic firm information system (GIS) mapping Output 2.2.6: More community jobs in forestry sector in climate-vulnerable areas. Output Percentage 0% Target value: 70% Annual CRPARP BFD, indicator 2.2.6 70% progress independent reports, monitoring Increased Actual: 88% third-party firm household verification income of beneficiaries participating in alternative income- generating activities Output 2.2.7: Community-based subgrants are awarded. Output Number of 0 Target value: 40 44 Annual CCCP progress Palli Karma- indicator 2.2.7 community- reports, aide Sahayak based Actual: 41 memoires Foundation Awards of subgrants (PKSF) community- awarded By the end based of 2016, 41 subgrants subproject grants were awarded. Output 2.2.8: Community mechanisms are established and functioning to respond effectively to specific climate risks. Output Percentage 5% Target value: 70% Annual CCCP progress PKSF indicator 2.2.8 of total 70% reports, aide community- memoires Communities based Actual: 75% in for which organizations October 2016 mechanisms that have are established established and mechanisms functioning and are to respond responding effectively effectively to specific to specific climate risks climate risks ANNUAL REPORT 2016 57 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF Target values Target Status as of value, Responsibility Output Unit of Dec. 31, 2016 2016–17 Data source or for data indicator measure Baseline (Yr 4) (Yr 5) Freq. methodology collection Objective 3: The Government of Bangladesh demonstrates strategic leadership on national climate change policy and global climate financing. Output 3.1: Mechanisms for knowledge management and policy dialogue are in place. Output Number of 0 Target value: 7 10 Annual Annual reports World Bank indicator 3.1 knowledge and BCCRF activities Actual: 0 Secretariat Knowledge taking place management activities (including World Bank- executed AAAs or other important policy workshops and papers) undertaken on sector analyses or lessons learned from Bangladesh Output 3.2: Lessons are offered through written or other means. Output Number 0 Target value: 3 4 Annual Media articles BCCRF indicator 3.2.1 of learning Secretariat events and Actual: 0 Documentary Events and documents evidence papers of lessons through provided which the Government Proceedings of of Bangladesh workshops and provides conferences lessons from BCCRF Annual Report Output Number 0 Target value: 10 12 Annual Media articles Secretariat indicator 3.2.2 of media articles Actual: 5 Articles in international See Annex D for and national details media on BCCRF activities and results Note: MoEF = Ministry of Environment and Forests. MC = Management Committee (BCCRF). GC = Governing Council (BCCRF). CY = calendar year. ECRRP = Emergency 2007 Cyclone Recovery and Restoration Project. 58 Annex D. BCCRF Coverage in the Media Disclaimer: The text reproduced in this Annex has been taken directly from the weblinks cited. The BCCRF is not responsible for any external content. RERED II SOLAR HOME SYSTEMS LIGHTING RURAL BANGLADESH http://tuckmagazine.com/2016/06/24/solar-home-systems-lighting-rural-bangladesh/ By Sheuli Akter Photo: ...... Millions of Bangladeshis still have no access to electric- The Rural Electrification and Renewable Energy Devel- ity because grid electricity is not economically viable in opment II (RERED II) Project is one such project which the places they live. provides electricity in rural remote villages of Bangla- desh through solar power and renewable energy sourc- In remote rural areas, Bangladesh has been striving es. Together, the RERED II and its predecessor RERED through a number of projects to establish solar home project have supported more than 3.9 million solar systems (SHS) as a practical and cost-effective alterna- home systems (SHS) in rural Bangladesh benefiting over tive for electrification. 20 million people. Under such projects the Bangladeshi government and The project has introduced and installed 321 solar irri- its development partners offer the off-grid option gation pumps and replaced more expensive diesel-run which promotes renewable energy sources to provide irrigation pumps. These solar powered irrigation pumps electricity to remote and hard-to-reach villages. benefitted more than 8,000 farmers by reducing their ANNUAL REPORT 2016 59 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF irrigation costs. The pumps also help save the country’s women and children – exposed to air pollution from foreign exchange reserve for importing diesel, and re- traditional stoves. Forty one NGOs are now distribut- duce greenhouse gas emissions. ing these improved cookstoves and selling more than 70,000 every month in rural areas. The project will sup- The RERED II project has installed seven renewable ply one million improved cookstoves by 2018. energy-based mini-grids with a combined capacity of  966kWp and supplied electricity in the remote lo- The project is built upon the success of the previous cations of Swandip, Kutubdia, Bagha and Godagari in RERED project. The government-owned Infrastructure Rajshahi, Paratoli in Narsingdi, Nageshwari in Kurigram, Development Company Limited (IDCOL) in partnership and Monpura in Bhola. Nine additional mini-grids, with with non-government organizations (NGOs), is imple- a combined capacity of 1,071kWp, are under construc- menting the project. The Bangladesh Climate Change tion. The project will soon start constructing another Resilience Fund (BCCRF) has provided US $10 million four mini-grinds with an aggregate capacity of 736 matching grant support for solar irrigation pumps. The kWp. These mini-grids will help spur economic activi- project is also channeling grant funds from the Glob- ties in the rural growth centers by providing access to al Partnership for Output Based Aid (GPOBA) and US electricity. Agency for International Development (USAID). Over 28 million households in Bangladesh still depend The World Bank board approved US $155 million in on traditional biomass fuel for cooking. The project has 2012 and an additional financing of US $78.4 million in introduced improved cookstoves program to help rural 2014 for the project. RERED II World Bank helps spread solar home systems in Bangladesh http://www.daily-sun.com/printversion/details/146735/World-Bank-helps-spread-solar-home-systems-in-Bangladesh The World Bank, under its renewable energy pro- With replacing more expensive diesel-run irrigation motion scheme, has so far supported installa- pumps, these solar pumps benefited more than 8,000 tion of 3.9 million solar homes systems across the farmers by reducing their irrigation costs, the WB claims. country which benefited over 20 million people. The seven renewable energy-based mini-grids have a The success came when Rural Electrification and Renew- combined capacity of 966kw power. able Energy Development II (RERED II) Project is run- There mini-grids supply electricity in the re- ning and the first phase had already been completed.  mote locations of Swandip, Kutubdia, Bagha The state-owned Infrastructure Development Com- and Godagari in Rajshahi, Paratoli in Narsingdi, pany Limited (IDCOL) in partnership with NGOs, is Nageshwari in Kurigram, and Monpura in Bhola.  implementing the project that provides electric- Nine more mini-grids with a combined capacity of ity in rural remote villages of Bangladesh through 1,071kw are under construction. The project will solar power and renewable energy sources. soon start constructing four more mini-grinds with The project also introduced and installed 321 so- aggregate capacity of 736kw. These mini-grids will lar irrigation pumps and seven renewable energy- help spur economic activities in the rural growth cen- based mini-grids across the country, WB sources said. ters by providing access to electricity, the WB said.  60 Over 28 million households in Bangladesh still de- the success of the previous RERED project. pend on traditional biomass fuel for cooking. The The Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund project has introduced improved cooking stoves (BCCRF) has provided $10 million matching grant to protect rural women and children from ex- support for solar irrigation pumps. The project is posure to air pollution due to traditional stoves. also channeling grant funds from the Global Part- A total of 41 NGOs are now distributing these im- nership for Output Based Aid (GPOBA) and US proved cooking stoves and selling more than 70,000 Agency for International Development (USAID).  every month in rural areas. The project will sup- The World Bank board approved $155 million in 2012 ply one million improved cooking stoves by 2018. and an additional financing of $78.4 million in 2014 for The second phase of the project is built upon the project. ANNUAL REPORT 2016 61 BANGLADESH CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE FUND BCCRF RERED II Solar home systems lighting up rural Bangladesh http://www.nsnewswire.com/2016/06/23/solar-home-systems-lighting-up-rural-bangladesh/ The World Bank, under its renewable energy pro- soon start constructing four more mini-grinds with motion scheme, has so far supported installa- aggregate capacity of 736kw. These mini-grids will tion of 3.9 million solar homes systems across the help spur economic activities in the rural growth cen- country which benefited over 20 million people. ters by providing access to electricity, the WB said.  The success came when Rural Electrification and Renew- Over 28 million households in Bangladesh still de- able Energy Development II (RERED II) Project is run- pend on traditional biomass fuel for cooking. The ning and the first phase had already been completed.  project has introduced improved cooking stoves The state-owned Infrastructure Development Com- pany Limited (IDCOL) in partnership with NGOs, is to protect rural women and children from ex- implementing the project that provides electric- posure to air pollution due to traditional stoves. ity in rural remote villages of Bangladesh through A total of 41 NGOs are now distributing these im- solar power and renewable energy sources. proved cooking stoves and selling more than 70,000 The project also introduced and installed 321 so- every month in rural areas. The project will sup- lar irrigation pumps and seven renewable energy- ply one million improved cooking stoves by 2018. based mini-grids across the country, WB sources said. The second phase of the project is built upon With replacing more expensive diesel-run irrigation the success of the previous RERED project. pumps, these solar pumps benefited more than 8,000 The Bangladesh Climate Change Resilience Fund farmers by reducing their irrigation costs, the WB claims. The seven renewable energy-based mini-grids have a (BCCRF) has provided $10 million matching grant combined capacity of 966kw power. support for solar irrigation pumps. The project is also channeling grant funds from the Global Part- There mini-grids supply electricity in the re- nership for Output Based Aid (GPOBA) and US mote locations of Swandip, Kutubdia, Bagha and Godagari in Rajshahi, Paratoli in Narsingdi, Agency for International Development (USAID).  Nageshwari in Kurigram, and Monpura in Bhola.  The World Bank board approved $155 million in 2012 Nine more mini-grids with a combined capacity of and an additional financing of $78.4 million in 2014 for 1,071kw are under construction. The project will the project. 62 CCCP Video on the project called “Songs of Salt: Communities Learn to Adapt to Rising Sea Levels” https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JWxc_OdGgIg&feature=youtu.be CRPARP The project website was launched on February 29, 2016. The website is avail- able here: http://crparp-bfd.org/ The launching ceremony was featured on the news. https://www.youtube.com/ watch?v=ZPufdvgTl8o ANNUAL REPORT 2016 63 ANNUAL REPORT 2016 BCCRF benefits from the generous financial support of Australia, Denmark, European Union, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom, USA and technical support of the World Bank