79264 THE LITTLE GREEN 2013 DATA BOOK © 2013 International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved 1 2 3 4 16 15 14 13 This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank with external contributions. Note that The World Bank does not necessarily own each component of the content included in the work. The World Bank therefore does not warrant that the use of the content contained in the work will not infringe on the rights of third parties. The risk of claims resulting from such infringement rests solely with you. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views of The World Bank, its Board of Executive Directors, or the govern- ments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. 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License: Creative Commons Attribution CC BY 3.0 Translations —If you create a translation of this work, please add the following dis- claimer along with the attribution: This translation was not created by The World Bank and should not be considered an official World Bank translation. The World Bank shall not be liable for any content or error in this translation. All queries on rights and licenses should be addressed to the Office of the Publisher, The World Bank, 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433, USA; fax: 202-522-2625; e-mail: pubrights@worldbank.org. ISBN (paper): 978-0-8213-9814-2 ISBN (electronic): 978-0-8213-9815-9 DOI: 10.1596/978-0-8213-9814-2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 is a product of the Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Environment Department of the World Bank. Design by Communications Development Incorporated, Washington, DC. Contents Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iv Foreword. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v Data notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vii Regional tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 East Asia and Pacific . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 Europe and Central Asia. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Latin America and the Caribbean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Middle East and North Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 South Asia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Sub-Saharan Africa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 Income group tables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Low income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Middle income. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 Lower middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 Upper middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Low and middle income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 High income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Euro area . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Country tables (in alphabetical order) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232 Glossary. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 239 The Little Green Data Book 2013 iii Acknowledgments The Little Green Data Book 2013 is based on World Development Indicators 2013 and its online database. Defining, gathering, and disseminating international statistics is a collective effort of many people and organizations. The indicators presented in World Development Indicators are the fruit of decades of work at many levels, from the field workers who administer censuses and household surveys to the committees and working parties of the national and international statistical agencies that develop the nomenclature, classifications, and standards fundamental to the international statistical system. Nongovernmental organizations have also made important contributions. We are indebted to the World Development Indicators partners, as detailed in World Development Indicators 2013. The Little Green Data Book 2013 is the result of close collaboration between the staff of the Development Data Group of the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Agriculture and Environmental Services Department of the Sustainable Development Vice Presidency. Liu Cui, Mahyar Eshragh- Tabary, Sonu Jain, Glenn-Marie Lange, Esther Naikal, Urvashi Narain, William Prince, and Jomo Tariku contributed to its preparation. Azita Amjadi and Alison Kwong coordinated the production of the book. Barton Matheson Willse & Worthington typeset the book. The work was carried out under the direction of Shaida Badiee and Juergen Voegele. Staff from The World Bank’s Office of the Publisher oversaw publication and dissemination of the book. iv 2013 The Little Green Data Book Foreword Welcome to the Little Green Data Book 2013. For 13 years, we have been taking the pulse of development and environment using more than 50 indicators for more than 200 countries. Today, we believe that one of the indicators— Adjusted Net Savings—is critical to the post-2015 development dialogue. When leaders from around the world gathered in Rio de Janeiro in June 2012 for the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (Rio +20), one of the main outcomes was to launch a process to develop Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). These goals could define the post- 2015 agenda, building on the Millennium Development Goals. Issues currently being discussed for SDGs cover the three pillars of sustainability—economic, social, and environmental. Yet, many countries do not have the information they need on the state of their environment and natural resources—whether in terms of GDP or from other conventional indicators. Increasingly, they need a new generation of metrics to monitor sustainable development at the macroeconomic level. One of the key indicators in the Little Green Data Book, Adjusted Net Savings (ANS), allows countries to do just that. Also known as genuine savings, ANS shows whether a country is on the path to sustainable development (see box on regional Adjusted Net Saving Rate on page vi ). It monitors whether depletion of natural capital, such as minerals or forests, is compensated for by investment in other assets, such as human capital or infrastructure. A positive ANS indicates that a country is adding to its overall wealth and that economic growth is on a sustainable path. In resource-rich countries in particular, macroeconomic indicators such as ANS can be a useful complement to GDP, providing a more comprehensive lens on the long-term sustainability of economic growth. The World Bank has linked this approach to our core mission—ending poverty and boosting shared prosperity. It also allows us to monitor our commitment to intergenerational equity so that we are not using our resources today in a way that compromises the quality of life and aspirations of our children tomorrow. The Development Committee, a Joint Ministerial Committee of the Boards of Governors of the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund, at its April 2013 meeting discussed a new paper that defines the direction of the World Bank Group. “We have committed, working closely with our development partners, to moving beyond a reliance on GDP and promoting wealth and natural capital accounting and making progress in the development of measures of genuine savings . . .� says the Development Committee paper, A Common Vision for the World Bank Group. As we move toward 2015 and the deadline for the implementation of the UN’s Millennium Development Goals approaches, we hope policy makers will find indicators like the ANS useful for development and implementation of their post-2015 development agendas. The Little Green Data Book 2013 v Foreword Box 1. Adjusted net savings paths diverge Adjusted Net Saving Rate (share of GNI, %) 35 30 25 20 percent of GNI 15 10 5 0 –5 –0 1980 1990 2000 2010 East Asia & Pacific South Asia Latin America & Caribbean Europe & Central Asia Sub-Saharan Africa Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators 2013. Savings lay the basis for building wealth and future growth. Adjusted net savings (ANS) measures the real difference between production and consump- tion, taking into account investments in human capital, depreciation of fixed capital, depletion of natural resources, and damages caused by pollution. The East Asia and Pacific region has maintained the highest savings rate among developing regions since 1980, driven largely by China. South Asia has displayed consistently strong savings rates, fluctuating between 10 and 20 percent since 1985, with India dominating the aggregate figure. Over the past decades, Latin America’s rates have remained fairly constant, while Eastern Europe and Central Asia are more variable. In Sub-Saharan Africa, ANS has not only declined in recent years but dipped below zero, suggesting unsustainable development and declining wealth. The Little Green Data Book is a result of close collaboration between the World Bank’s Development Data Group within the Development Economics Vice Presidency and the Agriculture and Environmental Services Department of the Sustainable Development Vice Presidency. We welcome suggestions on how to improve future editions and make them even more useful. Juergen Voegle Shaida Badiee Director Director Agriculture and Environmental Services Development Data Group vi 2013 The Little Green Data Book Data notes The data in this book are for the most recent year available as noted in the glossary. • Growth rates are calculated as annual averages and represented as percentages. • Regional aggregates include data for low- and middle-income economies only. • Figures in italics indicate data for years or periods other than those specified in the glossary. Symbols used: .. indicates that data are not available or that aggregates cannot be calculated because of missing data. 0 or 0.0 indicates zero or small enough that the number would round to zero at the displayed number of decimal places. $ indicates current U.S. dollars. Lettered notes on country tables can be found in the notes page. Data are shown for economies with populations greater than 30,000 or for smaller economies if they are members of the World Bank. The term country (used interchangeably with economy) does not imply political independence or official recognition by the World Bank but refers to any economy for which the authorities report separate social or economic statistics. The selection of indicators in these pages includes some of those being used to monitor progress toward the Millennium Development Goals. For more information about the eight goals—halving poverty and increasing well-being by 2015—please see the other books in the World Development Indicators 2013 family of products at data.worldbank.org/products/data-books. The Little Green Data Book 2013 vii Regional tables The country composition of regions is based on the World Bank’s analytical regions and may differ from common geographic usage. East Asia and Pacific American Samoa, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Indonesia, Kiribati, Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Malaysia, Marshall Islands, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Myanmar, Palau, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Vietnam. Europe and Central Asia Albania, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyz Republic, Latvia, Lithuania, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Moldova, Montenegro, Romania, Russian Federation, Serbia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. Latin America and the Caribbean Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Grenada, Guatemala, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Jamaica, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Suriname, Uruguay, República Bolivariana de Venezuela. Middle East and North Africa Algeria, Djibouti, Arab Republic of Egypt, Islamic Republic of Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Syrian Arab Republic, Tunisia, West Bank and Gaza, Republic of Yemen. South Asia Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka. Sub-Saharan Africa Angola, Benin, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Comoros, the Democratic Republic of Congo, Republic of Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Lesotho, Liberia, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mozambique, Namibia, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, South Sudan, Sudan, Swaziland, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe. The Little Green Data Book 2013 1 World Population (millions) 6,974.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 129,710 GDP ($ billions) 70,020.4 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 9,514 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 8,340 Urban population (% of total) 52.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.2 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 765 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,708 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.0 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.1 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 12.3 Threatened species, mammals 3,086 Threatened species, birds 3,776 Threatened species, fish 6,286 Threatened species, higher plants 11,275 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 178,323 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.5 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 7.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 10.0 Coral reef area (sq. km) 284,300 Mangroves area (sq. km) 150,398 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,851 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 9.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,975 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 67.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 15.9 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.7 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,115 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 9.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 70 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 Rural (% of rural population) 80 Urban (% of urban population) 96 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 63 Rural (% of rural population) 46 Urban (% of urban population) 79 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 41 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 51 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 23.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.1 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.0 2 2013 The Little Green Data Book East Asia & Pacific Population (millions) 1,974.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 15,853 GDP ($ billions) 9,313.0 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,248 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,884 Urban population (% of total) 48.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 48 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 610 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,050 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 29.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) -0.4 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 15.0 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 101,299 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 9.1 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 137,690 Mangroves area (sq. km) 56,537 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,520 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 10.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,337 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 79.8 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 16.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,446 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 10.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 73 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 90 Rural (% of rural population) 84 Urban (% of urban population) 97 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 66 Rural (% of rural population) 58 Urban (% of urban population) 76 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 55 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 49.3 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.0 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 4.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.7 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 32.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 3 Europe & Central Asia Population (millions) 408.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 22,748 GDP ($ billions) 3,634.9 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,734 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 6,652 Urban population (% of total) 64.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.3 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 28 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,374 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,740 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 38.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 7.5 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 5,790 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) -2.9 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) -0.5 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 10.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. Mangroves area (sq. km) .. Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,015 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.0 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,059 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 65.4 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 18.8 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.1 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 12,498 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 6.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 60 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 Rural (% of rural population) 91 Urban (% of urban population) 99 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 84 Rural (% of rural population) 81 Urban (% of urban population) 87 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 26.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.3 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 9.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.2 4 2013 The Little Green Data Book Latin America & Caribbean Population (millions) 589.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20,116 GDP ($ billions) 5,645.5 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,574 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 7,648 Urban population (% of total) 79.1 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,448 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,838 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 46.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.4 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 20.2 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 19,009 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.1 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 11.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 13.1 Coral reef area (sq. km) 15,100 Mangroves area (sq. km) 39,997 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,312 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 16.7 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,973 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 39.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 53.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.7 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 22,810 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 2.0 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 68 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 Rural (% of rural population) 81 Urban (% of urban population) 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 79 Rural (% of rural population) 59 Urban (% of urban population) 84 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 28 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 19 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 21.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 4.5 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.9 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.8 The Little Green Data Book 2013 5 Middle East & North Africa Population (millions) 336.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8,641 GDP ($ billions) 1,201.9 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,866 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,285 Urban population (% of total) 58.9 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 23 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,627 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,475 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 2.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.1 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 3.9 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 3,538 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 13.1 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 2.0 Coral reef area (sq. km) 5,700 Mangroves area (sq. km) 217 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,372 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.9 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,658 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 92.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 5.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.1 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 673 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 122.1 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 86 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 89 Rural (% of rural population) 81 Urban (% of urban population) 94 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 88 Rural (% of rural population) 80 Urban (% of urban population) 94 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 59 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 32 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 27.0 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.5 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 15.2 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.9 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.1 6 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 1,656.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) South Asia 4,771 GDP ($ billions) 2,296.0 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,313 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,201 Urban population (% of total) 30.9 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.8 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 55 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 550 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,959 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 17.1 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 5.9 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 13,219 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.3 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 8.1 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.7 Coral reef area (sq. km) 15,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 10,343 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 519 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 26.7 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 555 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 80.6 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 14.0 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,197 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 51.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 90 Rural (% of rural population) 88 Urban (% of urban population) 96 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 38 Rural (% of rural population) 28 Urban (% of urban population) 60 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 62 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 33.5 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.2 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 21.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 7 Sub-Saharan Africa Population (millions) 874.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 23,589 GDP ($ billions) 1,266.0 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,258 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,022 Urban population (% of total) 36.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.8 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 44 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 334 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,361 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 27.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.5 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 11.7 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 6,383 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.8 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 16.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 5.8 Coral reef area (sq. km) 17,980 Mangroves area (sq. km) 27,808 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 683 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 58.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 553 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 65.2 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 18.7 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.9 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,455 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 3.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 84 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 61 Rural (% of rural population) 48 Urban (% of urban population) 83 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 31 Rural (% of rural population) 23 Urban (% of urban population) 42 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 41 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 109 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 18.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.7 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 10.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –1.2 8 2013 The Little Green Data Book Income group tables For operational and analytical purposes the World Bank’s main criterion for classifying economies is gross national income (GNI) per capita. Each economy in The Little Data Book is classified as low income, middle income, or high income. Low- and middle-income economies are sometimes referred to as developing economies. The use of the term is convenient; it is not intended to imply that all economies in the group are experiencing similar development or that other economies have reached a preferred or final stage of development. Classification by income does not necessarily reflect development status. Note: Classifications are fixed during the World Bank’s fiscal year (ending on June 30), thus countries remain in the categories in which they are classified irrespective of any revisions to their per capita income data. Low-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $1,025 or less in 2011. Middle-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of more than $1,025 but less than $12,476. Lower-middle-income and upper-middle- income economies are separated at a GNI per capita of $4,036. High-income economies are those with a GNI per capita of $12,476 or more. Euro area includes the member states of the Economic and Monetary Union of the European Union that have adopted the euro as their currency: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, and Spain. The Little Green Data Book 2013 9 Low income Population (millions) 816.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 16,079 GDP ($ billions) 475.8 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 521 Urban population (% of total) 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 10.0 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. Coral reef area (sq. km) 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 65 Rural (% of rural population) 57 Urban (% of urban population) 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 37 Rural (% of rural population) 32 Urban (% of urban population) 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 15.2 10 2013 The Little Green Data Book Middle income Population (millions) 5,022.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 79,639 GDP ($ billions) 23,040.8 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,148 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,692 Urban population (% of total) 49.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.6 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 802 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,549 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 33.3 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.1 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 12.5 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 137,675 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 9.3 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 7.2 Coral reef area (sq. km) 176,790 Mangroves area (sq. km) 109,084 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,310 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 12.7 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,823 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 20.5 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,819 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 9.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 78 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 90 Rural (% of rural population) 84 Urban (% of urban population) 96 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 59 Rural (% of rural population) 45 Urban (% of urban population) 75 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 46 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 46 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 35.1 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.4 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 5.8 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.5 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 18.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 11 Lower middle income Population (millions) 2,532.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20,067 GDP ($ billions) 4,792.8 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 9.9 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 Rural (% of rural population) 84 Urban (% of urban population) 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 47 Rural (% of rural population) 35 Urban (% of urban population) 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.7 12 2013 The Little Green Data Book Upper middle income Population (millions) 2,489.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 59,573 GDP ($ billions) 18,245.5 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 13.3 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 Rural (% of rural population) 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 73 Rural (% of rural population) 62 Urban (% of urban population) 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 13 Low and middle income Population (millions) 5,839.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 95,718 GDP ($ billions) 23,543.3 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,652 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,251 Urban population (% of total) 46.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 731 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,291 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 32.0 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.2 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 12.0 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 149,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.5 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 7.2 Coral reef area (sq. km) 191,910 Mangroves area (sq. km) 134,902 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,210 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 14.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,661 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 72.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 20.9 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.1 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,722 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 8.9 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 79 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 86 Rural (% of rural population) 79 Urban (% of urban population) 95 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 56 Rural (% of rural population) 43 Urban (% of urban population) 73 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 47 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 56 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 34.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.3 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.5 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 18.2 14 2013 The Little Green Data Book High income Population (millions) 1,135.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 33,991 GDP ($ billions) 46,606.1 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 12.9 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 Rural (% of rural population) 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 15 Euro area Population (millions) 332.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,552 GDP ($ billions) 13,079.9 GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 38,661 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 33,727 Urban population (% of total) 75.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 45 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 25,415 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,784 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 37.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 17.0 Threatened species, mammals Threatened species, birds Threatened species, fish Threatened species, higher plants Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 4,023 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.5 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.6 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 15.1 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. Mangroves area (sq. km) .. Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,633 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 7.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,847 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 46.8 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 11.1 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,933 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 19.1 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 32 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 Urban (% of urban population) 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 Urban (% of urban population) 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.0 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.3 16 2013 The Little Green Data Book Country tables China Unless otherwise noted, data for China do not include data for Hong Kong SAR, China; Macao SAR, China; or Taiwan, China. Cyprus GNI and GDP data and data calculated using GNI and GDP refer to the area controlled by the government of the Republic of Cyprus. France Data for Mayotte, to which a reference appeared in previous editions, are included in data for France. Georgia GNI, GDP and population data and data calculated using GNI, GDP and population exclude Abkhazia and South Ossetia. Kosovo, Montenegro, and Serbia Data for each country are shown separately where available. However, some indicators for Serbia prior to 2006 include data for Montenegro; these data are noted in the tables. Moreover, data for most indicators for Serbia from 1999 onward exclude data for Kosovo, which in 1999 became a territory under international administration pursuant to UN Security Council Resolution 1244 (1999). Kosovo became a member of the World Bank on June 29, 2009, and its data are shown where available. Moldova GNI, GDP and population data and data calculated using GNI, GDP and population exclude Transnistria. Morocco GNI and GDP data and data calculated using GNI and GDP include Former Spanish Sahara. South Sudan and Sudan South Sudan declared its independence on July 9, 2011. Data are shown separately for South Sudan where available. However, data reported for Sudan include South Sudan unless otherwise noted. Tanzania GNI and GDP data and data calculated using GNI and GDP refer to mainland Tanzania only. For more information, see World Development Indicators 2013 or data. worldbank.org. The Little Green Data Book 2013 17 Afghanistan Population (millions) 35.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 652 GDP ($ billions) 19.2 South Low- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 470 1,313 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 490 1,201 521 Urban population (% of total) 23.5 30.9 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.2 2.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 58 55 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 5.4 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 550 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,660 2,959 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 2.1 17.1 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 -0.3 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.4 5.9 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1.0 13,219 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) -0.5 2.3 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 8.1 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 1.7 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,440 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 10,343 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 519 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 26.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 555 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.6 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 14.0 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 1.4 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,335 1,197 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 43.0 51.6 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 99 91 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 50 90 65 Rural (% of rural population) 42 88 57 Urban (% of urban population) 78 96 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 37 38 37 Rural (% of rural population) 30 28 32 Urban (% of urban population) 60 60 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 30 62 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 101 62 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 33.5 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.8 9.2 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.8 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.8 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.0 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 2.1 0.6 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.8 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 21.6 15.2 18 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 3.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Albania 27 GDP ($ billions) 13.0 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,980 7,734 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,431 6,652 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 53.4 64.7 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.7 0.3 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 44 28 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 17.0 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,144 3,374 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,459 2,740 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 28.3 38.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) -0.1 0.0 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 9.8 7.5 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 39 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 7.3 5,790 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) -3.0 -2.9 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) -4.2 -0.5 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.6 10.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 648 3,015 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 9.9 2.0 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,770 4,059 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.0 65.4 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 100.0 18.8 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.9 7.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,364 12,498 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 6.8 6.3 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 58 60 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 96 87 Rural (% of rural population) 94 91 84 Urban (% of urban population) 96 99 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 94 84 47 Rural (% of rural population) 93 81 35 Urban (% of urban population) 95 87 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 38 21 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 14 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.8 26.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.7 12.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 3.6 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.4 9.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.8 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.7 6.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 19 Algeria Population (millions) 36.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,382 GDP ($ billions) 188.7 Middle Upper East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,470 3,866 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,531 3,285 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 72.9 58.9 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.3 2.5 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 17 23 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 2.1 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,254 2,627 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,515 2,475 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.6 2.4 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.6 -0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 6.3 3.9 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 14 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 36 Threatened species, higher plants 13 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 104 3,538 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.6 2.4 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 8.5 13.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.29 2.0 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 5,700 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 217 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,138 1,372 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.2 0.9 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,026 1,658 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.6 92.9 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.4 5.4 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.5 4.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 313 673 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 54.8 122.1 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 64 86 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 83 89 93 Rural (% of rural population) 79 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 85 94 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 88 73 Rural (% of rural population) 88 80 62 Urban (% of urban population) 98 94 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 69 59 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 30 32 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 50.4 27.0 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.5 10.8 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.5 4.5 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 18.2 15.2 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 25.3 6.1 19.2 20 2013 The Little Green Data Book American Samoa Population (thousands) 70 Land area (sq. km) 200 GDP ($ millions) .. Upper East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 4,248 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 3,884 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 93.2 48.6 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.5 3.6 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 25 48 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 610 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,050 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 88.4 29.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.2 –0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.3 15.0 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 8 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 4.8 101,299 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 25.3 3.4 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 9.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 17.0 1.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 220 137,690 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 0.52 56,537 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,520 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 4.6 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,446 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.9 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 73 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 90 93 Rural (% of rural population) .. 84 86 Urban (% of urban population) .. 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 66 73 Rural (% of rural population) .. 58 62 Urban (% of urban population) .. 76 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 55 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 49.3 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 11.0 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 4.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.7 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 1.1 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 32.2 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 21 Andorra Population (thousands) 86 Land area (sq. km) 470 GDP ($ billions) 3.7 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 41,750 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 87.3 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.9 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 43 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.0 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 6.1 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 0 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) .. 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.2 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,663 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.2 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 22 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 19.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Angola 1,247 GDP ($ billions) 104.3 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,830 1,258 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 2,471 1,022 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 59.1 36.5 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.3 3.8 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 47 44 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 162 334 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 694 1,361 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 46.8 27.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.2 0.5 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 12.4 11.7 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 15 Threatened species, birds 25 Threatened species, fish 39 Threatened species, higher plants 33 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 263 6,383 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.3 1.8 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.07 5.8 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 312 27,808 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 716 683 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 56.2 58.2 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 248 553 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 32.7 65.2 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 67.3 18.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.4 0.9 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 7,544 4,455 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.4 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 33 84 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 51 61 93 Rural (% of rural population) 38 48 86 Urban (% of urban population) 60 83 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 58 31 73 Rural (% of rural population) 19 23 62 Urban (% of urban population) 85 42 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 58 41 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 158 109 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.8 18.4 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.5 10.9 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 3.7 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 35.0 10.4 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.8 0.4 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –23.2 –1.2 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 23 Antigua and Barbuda Population (thousands) 90 Land area (sq. km) 440 GDP ($ billions) 1.1 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 11,940 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 29.9 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.9 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 20 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,850 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,000 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 22.3 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.2 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 7.0 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 18 Threatened species, higher plants 4 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 2.3 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.7 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.70 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 240 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 8.4 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,699 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.3 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 580 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 9.6 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 20 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) .. 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 95 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) .. 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 98 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 8 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 28.0 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.6 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.2 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 19.2 24 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 40.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Argentina 2,737 GDP ($ billions) 446.0 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 9,740 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 8,836 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 92.5 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.4 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 54 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 10,959 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,672 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 10.7 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.8 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 5.5 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 38 Threatened species, birds 50 Threatened species, fish 37 Threatened species, higher plants 36 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 796 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.7 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 11.9 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.1 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,847 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.3 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,904 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 65.7 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 26.8 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.4 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,771 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 11.8 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 66 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 80 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 90 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 77 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 91 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 57 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 14 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.9 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.4 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.0 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 4.3 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.5 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.8 6.8 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 25 Armenia Population (millions) 3.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 10.2 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,360 7,734 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,083 6,652 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 64.1 64.7 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.9 0.3 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 60 28 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 8.9 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 5,093 3,374 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,742 2,740 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 9.1 38.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.5 0.0 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 8.0 7.5 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 3 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 7.1 5,790 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –5.7 –2.9 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.1 –0.5 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 10.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 791 3,015 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 2.0 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,606 4,059 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 22.2 65.4 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 39.4 18.8 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.5 7.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,212 12,498 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 41.2 6.3 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 66 60 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 96 87 Rural (% of rural population) 97 91 84 Urban (% of urban population) 99 99 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 90 84 47 Rural (% of rural population) 80 81 35 Urban (% of urban population) 95 87 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 45 21 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 17 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 18 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 18.3 26.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.8 12.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.2 3.6 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 9.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.7 0.8 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.4 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.3 6.2 14.7 26 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 108 Land area (sq. km) Aruba 180 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 46.9 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.3 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 2.3 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.1 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.17 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.3 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.0 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) <50 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 0.71 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 21.5 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.5 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 27 Australia Population (millions) 22.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 7,682 GDP ($ billions) 1,379.4 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 49,790 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 46,204 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 89.2 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.5 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 53 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.5 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 35,165 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,097 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 19.3 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 10.6 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 55 Threatened species, birds 51 Threatened species, fish 102 Threatened species, higher plants 46 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 237 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.6 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 8.7 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 28.3 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 48,960 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 9,910 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 5,653 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.2 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 10,286 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 91.1 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 5.2 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 18.4 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 22,039 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 4.6 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 5 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 23.8 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.1 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.3 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 4.7 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.8 6.6 28 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 8.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Austria 82 GDP ($ billions) 417.7 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 48,170 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 42,291 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 67.7 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.6 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 35 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 1.4 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 25,771 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 7,873 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 47.2 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 22.9 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 10 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 2.5 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.0 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.7 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,034 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 17.8 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,356 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 32.9 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 56.5 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.4 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,529 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 6.6 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 3 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 27 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 25.6 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.2 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.2 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 29 Azerbaijan Population (millions) 9.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 83 GDP ($ billions) 63.4 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,290 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,275 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 53.6 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 58 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 29.5 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,360 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,484 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 11.3 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 7.1 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 10 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1.6 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –15.9 –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.0 –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,307 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,603 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 81.6 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 18.4 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.5 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 885 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 150.5 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 76 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 71 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 88 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 82 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 78 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 86 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 27 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 3 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 11 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 45 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 51.6 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.8 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.4 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 33.8 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.1 6.2 19.2 30 2013 The Little Green Data Book Bahamas, The Population (thousands) 347 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 10 GDP ($ billions) 7.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 21,970 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 18,695 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 84.3 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 1 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 44,812 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,410 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 51.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 13.7 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 29 Threatened species, higher plants 5 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 10.4 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.5 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.41 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 3,150 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 875 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,156 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.6 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 58 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 98 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 16 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.1 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.7 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 31 Bahrain Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (sq. km) 760 GDP ($ billions) 22.9 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 15,920 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 11,033 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 88.7 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –3.6 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.3 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 8 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 9.9 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.0 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.65 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 570 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 0.65 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 7,754 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 9,814 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 20.7 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 8,935.0 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 45 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 44 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 10 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 34.4 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.2 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 18.1 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.6 6.6 32 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 150.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Bangladesh 130 GDP ($ billions) 111.9 South Low- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 780 1,313 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 731 1,201 521 Urban population (% of total) 28.4 30.9 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.4 2.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 70 55 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 52.6 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 535 550 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,191 2,959 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 11.1 17.1 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.2 –0.3 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.8 5.9 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 34 Threatened species, birds 31 Threatened species, fish 17 Threatened species, higher plants 16 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 3,125 13,219 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.4 2.3 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 10.4 8.1 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.81 1.7 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) <50 15,440 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 4,951 10,343 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 209 519 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 28.1 26.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 279 555 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 96.1 80.6 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 3.9 14.0 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 1.4 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 698 1,197 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 34.2 51.6 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 91 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 81 90 65 Rural (% of rural population) 80 88 57 Urban (% of urban population) 85 96 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 56 38 37 Rural (% of rural population) 55 28 32 Urban (% of urban population) 57 60 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 115 62 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 5 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 10 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 46 62 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 33.5 33.5 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.6 9.2 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.8 2.8 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.9 2.8 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.0 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 0.6 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.8 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.6 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 24.4 21.6 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 33 Barbados Population (thousands) 274 Land area (sq. km) 430 GDP ($ billions) 3.7 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,660 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 44.4 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 35 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,444 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 19.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.1 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 2 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1.8 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.4 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.07 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) <100 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 0.04 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,476 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.8 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 292 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 76.1 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 33 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 35 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 20 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.2 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.4 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.4 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 34 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 9.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Belarus 203 GDP ($ billions) 55.1 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,830 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 4,906 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 75.0 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.3 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 44 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.3 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 6,247 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,250 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 42.7 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.4 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 7.2 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 2 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 17.4 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.6 –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.1 –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,922 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.2 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,564 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.2 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.1 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.3 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,927 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 11.7 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 19 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 99 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 93 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 97 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 91 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 6 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 27.2 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.5 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.4 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 17.6 6.2 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 35 Belgium Population (millions) 11.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 30 GDP ($ billions) 513.7 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 45,930 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 40,544 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 97.5 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.5 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 44 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.4 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 9,004 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 22.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.2 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 13.8 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 22.5 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.9 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –11.7 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.04 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 5,586 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.1 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,388 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 40.3 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.3 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.6 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,089 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 51.8 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 1 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.1 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.9 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.9 6.6 36 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 357 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Belize 23 GDP ($ billions) 1.4 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,710 8,574 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,275 7,648 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 44.8 79.1 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.7 2.0 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 7 37 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 4,258 3,448 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,817 3,838 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 60.6 46.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.7 0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 27.9 20.2 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 30 Threatened species, higher plants 27 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 268 19,009 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 26.1 0.1 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 20.3 11.8 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 11.9 13.1 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,330 15,100 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 958 39,997 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 571 1,312 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.7 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,973 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 39.0 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 53.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.2 2.7 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 44,868 22,810 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.9 2.0 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 20 68 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 94 87 Rural (% of rural population) 99 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 98 98 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 90 79 47 Rural (% of rural population) 87 59 35 Urban (% of urban population) 93 84 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 12 28 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 17 19 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.4 21.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.7 12.2 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.9 5.0 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.9 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.5 6.8 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 37 Benin Population (millions) 9.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 113 GDP ($ billions) 7.3 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 780 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 728 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 44.9 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.3 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 670 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,430 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 40.0 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.0 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 23.8 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 27 Threatened species, higher plants 13 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 39.2 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.1 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.0 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 65.7 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 413 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 56.2 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 90 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.3 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,132 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.3 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 45 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 75 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 68 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 84 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 13 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 5 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 25 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 48 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 10 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 9 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 106 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 13.2 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.4 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.3 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.7 –1.2 15.2 38 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 65 Land area (sq. km) Bermuda 50 GDP ($ billions) 5.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.3 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 15 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 32,356 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 20.0 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 5.6 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 16 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.48 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.2 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 5.0 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 370 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 0.18 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.2 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 39 Bhutan Population (thousands) 738 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 38 GDP ($ billions) 1.7 Lower South middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,130 1,313 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,928 1,201 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 35.6 30.9 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.0 2.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 14 55 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 6.7 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 463 550 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,705 2,959 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 84.9 17.1 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.3 –0.3 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 28.3 5.9 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 27 Threatened species, birds 18 Threatened species, fish 3 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.24 13,219 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.9 2.3 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.3 8.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 1.7 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,440 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 10,343 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 354 519 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 26.7 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 555 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.6 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 14.0 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 1.4 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 105,653 1,197 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.4 51.6 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 91 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 94 88 84 Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 44 38 47 Rural (% of rural population) 29 28 35 Urban (% of urban population) 73 60 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 20 62 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 54 62 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 33.5 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.4 9.2 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 2.8 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.8 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.0 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 3.4 0.6 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.8 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 21.6 14.7 40 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 10.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Bolivia 1,083 GDP ($ billions) 23.9 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,020 8,574 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,707 7,648 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 66.8 79.1 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.9 2.0 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 34 37 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 723 3,448 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,365 3,838 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 52.5 46.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.5 0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 18.5 20.2 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 20 Threatened species, birds 53 Threatened species, fish 0 Threatened species, higher plants 73 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 7.6 19,009 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.2 0.1 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.0 11.8 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 13.1 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,100 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 39,997 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 737 1,312 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 24.4 16.7 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 616 1,973 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 66.0 39.0 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 31.7 53.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.5 2.7 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 30,085 22,810 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.7 2.0 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 57 68 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 94 87 Rural (% of rural population) 71 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 96 98 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 27 79 47 Rural (% of rural population) 10 59 35 Urban (% of urban population) 35 84 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 57 28 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 20 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 26 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 51 19 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 27.2 21.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.3 12.2 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.2 5.0 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 10.0 4.5 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 4.7 1.9 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.9 6.8 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 41 Bosnia and Herzegovina Population (millions) 3.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 51 GDP ($ billions) 18.1 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,780 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 48.3 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.3 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 42 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 16,209 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,725 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 42.8 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.6 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 31 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 10.0 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.71 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,703 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.9 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,110 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 53.1 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 46.9 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.0 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,461 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.0 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 98 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 92 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 99 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 8 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.9 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.8 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.9 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.3 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.2 19.2 42 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 2.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Botswana 567 GDP ($ billions) 17.3 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,470 1,258 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 7,157 1,022 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 61.6 36.5 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.7 3.8 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 46 44 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.0 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 567 334 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 393 1,361 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 19.8 27.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.0 0.5 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 30.9 11.7 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 2 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.23 6,383 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –7.8 1.8 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,128 683 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 21.5 58.2 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,586 553 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 65.2 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 18.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.2 0.9 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,182 4,455 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 8.1 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 41 84 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 61 93 Rural (% of rural population) 92 48 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 83 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 62 31 73 Rural (% of rural population) 41 23 62 Urban (% of urban population) 75 42 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 64 41 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 26 109 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 28.1 18.4 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.9 10.9 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.6 3.7 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 10.4 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.9 2.2 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.4 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 20.4 –1.2 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 43 Brazil Population (millions) 196.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8,459 GDP ($ billions) 2,476.7 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 10,720 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 10,363 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 84.6 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.9 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 33 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 1.6 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 4,461 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,038 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 61.2 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.5 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 26.3 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 81 Threatened species, birds 152 Threatened species, fish 83 Threatened species, higher plants 400 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1,433 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 17.7 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 16.5 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,200 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 12,999 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,363 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 30.6 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,384 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 12.4 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 78.2 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.9 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 27,551 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.1 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 55 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 85 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 79 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 44 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 85 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 16 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.6 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.5 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.5 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.9 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.8 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.6 6.8 19.2 44 2013 The Little Green Data Book Brunei Darussalam Population (thousands) 406 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 5.3 GDP ($ billions) 16.4 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 31,800 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 15,781 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 76.0 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.9 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 2 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.9 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 80,337 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 591 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 71.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 44.0 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 34 Threatened species, birds 24 Threatened species, fish 7 Threatened species, higher plants 98 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 2.6 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.5 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 23.8 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.4 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 210 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 173 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 8,308 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,759 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 23.7 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 20,939 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.1 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 44 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 50.7 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.7 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 29.9 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.1 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 45 Bulgaria Population (millions) 7.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 109 GDP ($ billions) 53.5 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,640 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 5,949 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 73.1 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.4 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 47 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 1.8 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 9,739 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,910 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 36.7 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.5 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 9.2 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 6 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 15.2 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –7.5 –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.7 –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 3.2 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,370 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.1 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,476 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 54.3 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 11.0 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.6 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,858 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 29.1 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 16 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 100 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 100 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 100 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 40 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 24.8 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.0 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.1 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.3 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.7 6.2 19.2 46 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Burkina Faso 17.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 274 GDP ($ billions) 10.4 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 580 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 516 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 26.5 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.0 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 43 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 995 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 20.4 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.0 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 14.2 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 4 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 15.3 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.7 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 20.0 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 737 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 7.9 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 70 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 79 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 73 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 95 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 17 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 6 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 50 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 65 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 146 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 15.6 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.4 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 6.4 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.4 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.5 –1.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 47 Burundi Population (millions) 8.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 26 GDP ($ billions) 2.3 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 250 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 227 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 10.9 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.7 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 86 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 86 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,326 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 6.6 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.4 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 4.8 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 12 Threatened species, fish 17 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 10.7 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.3 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.5 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.0 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,173 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 2.9 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 77 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 72 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 71 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 83 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 46 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 46 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 49 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 24 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 139 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 1.7 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.8 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 8.7 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 8.8 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –6.2 –1.2 15.2 48 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 14.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Cambodia 177 GDP ($ billions) 12.8 East Asia Low- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 820 4,248 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 769 3,884 521 Urban population (% of total) 20.0 48.6 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.1 3.6 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 32 48 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 442 610 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,925 5,050 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 56.5 29.7 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.3 –0.4 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 25.8 15.0 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 37 Threatened species, birds 26 Threatened species, fish 40 Threatened species, higher plants 32 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 562 101,299 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 7.6 3.4 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 12.2 9.1 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.44 1.4 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) <50 137,690 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 728 56,537 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 355 1,520 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 72.0 10.9 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 146 2,337 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 95.1 79.8 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 2.6 16.5 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 4.6 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,431 4,446 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.8 10.9 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 73 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 64 90 65 Rural (% of rural population) 58 84 57 Urban (% of urban population) 87 97 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 31 66 37 Rural (% of rural population) 20 58 32 Urban (% of urban population) 73 76 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 42 55 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 15 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 20 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 43 21 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 11.2 49.3 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.0 11.0 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.6 2.1 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.7 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 1.1 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.0 32.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 49 Cameroon Population (millions) 20.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 473 GDP ($ billions) 25.2 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,210 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,065 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 52.1 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.7 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 20 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 685 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,768 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 41.7 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.0 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 9.2 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 38 Threatened species, birds 24 Threatened species, fish 111 Threatened species, higher plants 376 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 141 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.3 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 10.3 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.39 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1,962 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 363 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 62.3 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 271 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 26.8 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 72.2 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 13,629 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.4 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 76 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 77 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) 52 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) 95 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 49 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) 36 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) 58 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 59 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 127 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.4 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.1 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 5.2 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.8 –1.2 14.7 50 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 34.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Canada 9,094 GDP ($ billions) 1,736.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 45,550 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 40,811 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 80.7 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.3 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 7 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 1.2 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 50,579 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,527 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.1 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 7.5 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 16 Threatened species, fish 35 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1,039 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –3.1 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.7 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.2 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 7,380 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.8 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 15,137 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 24.2 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 57.8 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 15.2 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 82,647 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.6 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 12 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 20.0 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.5 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.5 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.3 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.7 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 51 Cape Verde Population (thousands) 501 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 4.0 GDP ($ billions) 1.9 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,540 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,284 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 62.6 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.4 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 19 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,335 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 178 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 21.0 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.4 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 2.5 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 24 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 22.5 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.0 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.0 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 213 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 599 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 7.3 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) 85 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) 90 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 61 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) 43 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) 73 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.8 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.9 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.9 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.7 –1.2 14.7 52 2013 The Little Green Data Book Cayman Islands Population (thousands) 57 Land area (sq. km) 240 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 52.9 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 8.7 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.13 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –8.7 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.2 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 230 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 78.3 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.2 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 96 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) 96 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 53 Central African Republic Population (millions) 4.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 623 GDP ($ billions) 2.2 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 480 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 450 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 39.1 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.3 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 8 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 418 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,522 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 36.2 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.1 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 17.7 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 3 Threatened species, higher plants 17 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 35.2 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.8 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.3 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 31,425 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.0 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 1 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 67 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 51 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 92 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 34 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 28 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 43 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 35 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 164 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.7 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.1 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 15.2 54 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 11.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Chad 1,259 GDP ($ billions) 10.6 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 720 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 543 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 21.8 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.3 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 40 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 888 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 9.1 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.7 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 9.4 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 13 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 1 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 60.0 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.7 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.0 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,301 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 2.4 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 52 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 51 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 44 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 70 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 13 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 6 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 30 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 83 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 169 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.4 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 25.3 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.2 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 55 Channel Islands Population (thousands) 154 Land area (sq. km) 190 GDP ($ billions) 11.5 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 67,960 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 31.2 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.4 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 51 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 4.3 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 4.2 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) .. 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 9.3 12.9 Threatened species, mammals .. Threatened species, birds .. Threatened species, fish .. Threatened species, higher plants .. Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 4.0 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.2 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 14.2 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.02 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.5 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 56 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 17.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Chile 744 GDP ($ billions) 248.6 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,280 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 10,103 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 89.1 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.6 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 21 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 5.6 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 6,882 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 6,934 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 21.9 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.2 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 16.6 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 20 Threatened species, birds 33 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 34 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 4,436 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.0 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 13.3 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 3.7 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,807 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 15.9 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,297 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 59.6 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 35.9 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.9 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 51,188 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.3 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 70 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 75 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 83 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 98 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 46 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 9 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 26.8 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.2 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 12.3 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.4 6.8 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 57 China Population (millions) 1,344.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,327 GDP ($ billions) 7,318.5 Upper East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,940 4,248 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 4,503 3,884 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 50.5 48.6 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.9 3.6 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 56 48 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 10.3 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 571 610 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,706 5,050 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 22.5 29.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.6 –0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 16.6 15.0 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 75 Threatened species, birds 87 Threatened species, fish 120 Threatened species, higher plants 382 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 66,219 101,299 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.2 3.4 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 9.2 9.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.3 1.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,510 137,690 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 208 56,537 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,807 1,520 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 8.5 10.9 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,944 2,337 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 79.7 79.8 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 17.2 16.5 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.8 4.6 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,093 4,446 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 19.7 10.9 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 65 73 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 90 93 Rural (% of rural population) 85 84 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 64 66 73 Rural (% of rural population) 56 58 62 Urban (% of urban population) 74 76 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 59 55 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 52.8 49.3 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.1 11.0 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.8 2.1 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 4.2 4.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.9 1.7 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.3 1.1 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 35.1 32.2 19.2 58 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 46.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Colombia 1,110 GDP ($ billions) 333.4 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,070 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 5,251 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 75.3 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.1 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 39 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,979 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,033 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 54.4 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.2 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 20.9 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 53 Threatened species, birds 112 Threatened species, fish 54 Threatened species, higher plants 215 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 169 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.6 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 10.4 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 15.5 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 940 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 4,079 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 696 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 10.3 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,012 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 27.9 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 71.1 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.6 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 45,006 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.6 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 39 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 72 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 77 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 63 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 82 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 19 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 6 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 13 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 18 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 20.0 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.0 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 9.7 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 1.2 6.8 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 59 Comoros Population (thousands) 754 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.9 GDP ($ millions) 610.4 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 770 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 732 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 28.1 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.6 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 83 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 551 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,411 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.4 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 9.3 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.0 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 6 Threatened species, higher plants 4 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 25.1 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.5 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 3.2 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) 430 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1.2 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 60 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,592 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.8 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 47 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 97 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 91 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 36 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 30 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 50 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 30 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 79 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.4 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 15.2 60 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Congo, Dem. Rep. 67.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,267 GDP ($ billions) 15.7 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 190 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 159 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 34.3 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.0 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 179 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 766 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 67.9 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.2 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 10.0 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 30 Threatened species, birds 35 Threatened species, fish 83 Threatened species, higher plants 85 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 239 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.8 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 7.1 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 4.4 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 193 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 360 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 93.4 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 95 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.4 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 99.6 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.0 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 13,283 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.1 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 18 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 45 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 27 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 79 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 24 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 24 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 24 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 35 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 16 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 168 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.2 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.4 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 15.0 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 61 Congo, Rep. Population (millions) 4.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 342 GDP ($ billions) 14.4 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,250 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 469 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 63.6 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.4 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 31 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 577 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 814 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 65.6 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.1 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 9.4 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 45 Threatened species, higher plants 37 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 73.3 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –5.8 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 32.8 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 16.7 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 363 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 51.7 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 145 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 23.1 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 76.9 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 53,626 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.0 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 9 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 71 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) 32 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) 95 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 18 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) 15 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) 20 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 57 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 14 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 99 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.0 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.1 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.5 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 67.8 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –50.1 –1.2 14.7 62 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 4.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Costa Rica 51 GDP ($ billions) 40.9 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,640 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 7,413 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 64.6 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.2 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 37 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 1.5 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 5,738 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,376 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 51.5 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.9 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 20.9 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 22 Threatened species, fish 50 Threatened species, higher plants 113 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 48.3 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.5 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 20.3 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 12.2 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 970 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 418 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 998 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 17.3 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,855 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 6.7 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 75.8 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.8 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 23,780 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 2.4 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 53 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 91 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 96 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 95 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 27 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 10 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 15.1 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.0 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.2 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.0 6.8 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 63 Côte d’Ivoire Population (millions) 20.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 318 GDP ($ billions) 24.1 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,090 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 986 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 51.3 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.5 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 64 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,104 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,682 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 32.7 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.2 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 22.6 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 23 Threatened species, birds 20 Threatened species, fish 45 Threatened species, higher plants 104 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 75.1 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.3 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 18.3 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.07 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 99.6 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 485 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 75.7 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 210 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 71.2 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 27.0 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,813 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.8 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 43 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) 68 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) 91 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 24 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) 11 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) 36 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 30 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 115 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 13.3 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.3 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.3 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.6 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.1 –1.2 14.7 64 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Croatia 56 GDP ($ billions) 62.5 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 13,540 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 11,785 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 57.8 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.1 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 24 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 1.1 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 16,096 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,228 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.2 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 13.0 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 12 Threatened species, fish 60 Threatened species, higher plants 6 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 83.8 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 3.4 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,932 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.7 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,813 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 39.3 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 59.5 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.9 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,562 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.7 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 2 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 97 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 98 99 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 22 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 5 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 20.7 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.9 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.5 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 65 Cuba Population (millions) 11.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 106 GDP ($ billions) 60.8 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,460 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 4,526 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 75.2 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.4 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 62 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,903 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,619 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 27.3 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.7 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 6.4 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 14 Threatened species, birds 17 Threatened species, fish 35 Threatened species, higher plants 155 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 48.6 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –9.1 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.4 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 4.4 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 3,020 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 4,944 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 975 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 11.6 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,299 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 52.6 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.6 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.8 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,387 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 19.8 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 75 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 89 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 96 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 91 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 81 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 94 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.5 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 12.9 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.4 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 19.2 66 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 146 Land area (sq. km) Curaçao 444 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) .. 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) .. 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) .. 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) .. 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 21.1 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 67 Cyprus Population (millions) 1.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9.2 GDP ($ billions) 24.7 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 29,450 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 25,009 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 70.5 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 13 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 21.9 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 7,927 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,887 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 18.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 10.5 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 16 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 5.9 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –3.6 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 18.9 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.56 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,215 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.8 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,675 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 97.6 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.5 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 699 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 23.6 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 86 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 27 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 9.0 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.8 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.6 6.6 68 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Czech Republic 10.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 77 GDP ($ billions) 217.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 18,700 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 16,437 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 73.4 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.0 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 55 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.4 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 6,423 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,422 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 15.1 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 2 Threatened species, higher plants 9 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 24.9 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,193 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.0 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,321 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 60.2 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 3.3 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.3 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,253 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 12.9 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 2 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 100 Rural (% of rural population) 97 99 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 16 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 23.3 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.9 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.5 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 69 Denmark Population (millions) 5.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 42 GDP ($ billions) 333.6 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 60,160 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 51,527 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 86.9 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.5 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 63 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 12.1 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 53,407 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,907 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 12.9 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 4.9 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 751 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –3.4 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.9 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 3.2 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,470 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 18.6 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,327 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 66.1 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.1 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.3 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,077 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 11.0 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 36 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.9 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.1 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 8.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.9 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.9 6.6 70 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 906 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Djibouti 23 GDP ($ billions) 1.0 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,270 3,866 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,160 3,285 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 77.1 58.9 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.4 2.5 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 73 23 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 80 2,627 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,000 2,475 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.2 2.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.0 3.9 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 17 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1.7 3,538 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 7.6 2.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 13.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.24 2.0 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 450 5,700 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 10.0 217 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 170 1,372 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 0.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,658 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 92.9 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 5.4 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 4.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 331 673 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 6.3 122.1 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 16 86 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 89 87 Rural (% of rural population) 54 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 99 94 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 50 88 47 Rural (% of rural population) 10 80 35 Urban (% of urban population) 63 94 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 28 59 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 90 32 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 33.7 27.0 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.4 10.8 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.5 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 15.2 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.1 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.9 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.1 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 71 Dominica Population (thousands) 68 Land area (sq. km) 750 GDP ($ millions) 484.1 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,030 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 6,179 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 67.2 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.3 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 35 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 5,913 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,288 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 59.2 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.6 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 21.7 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 9 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.70 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.8 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.13 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) <100 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 0.10 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 628 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.9 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 92 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 96 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 81 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 84 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 80 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 20 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 5.1 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.7 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –3.7 6.8 19.2 72 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Dominican Republic 10.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 48 GDP ($ billions) 55.6 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,240 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 4,683 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 69.6 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.7 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 51 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 5,480 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,972 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 40.8 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 22.2 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 22 Threatened species, higher plants 29 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 15.9 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.6 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 9.7 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 30.4 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 610 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 212 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 840 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 21.4 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,442 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 88.6 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 11.3 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.1 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,088 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 16.6 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 64 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 86 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 84 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 87 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 83 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 75 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 87 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 14 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 7 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 15 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 25 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 8.7 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.5 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.9 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –1.7 6.8 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 73 Ecuador Population (millions) 14.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 248 GDP ($ billions) 65.9 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,200 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,203 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 67.4 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.7 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 12.6 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,178 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,604 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 38.9 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.8 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 25.1 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 43 Threatened species, birds 93 Threatened species, fish 50 Threatened species, higher plants 1,714 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 817 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.7 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.8 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 75.4 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) <50 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1,583 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 836 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.3 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,055 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 48.4 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 48.8 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.1 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 29,456 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 3.5 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 89 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 96 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 92 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 84 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 96 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 19 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 23 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 23.2 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.0 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.4 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 16.4 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –3.3 6.8 19.2 74 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Egypt, Arab Rep. 82.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 995 GDP ($ billions) 229.5 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,600 3,866 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 2,180 3,285 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 43.5 58.9 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.8 2.5 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 4 23 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,364 2,627 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 7,247 2,475 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.1 2.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.7 –0.1 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 5.9 3.9 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 18 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 40 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1,362 3,538 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.9 2.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 14.1 13.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 9.3 2.0 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 3,800 5,700 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 5.1 217 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 903 1,372 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.1 0.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,608 1,658 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 90.1 92.9 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 8.9 5.4 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.7 4.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 22 673 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 3,794.4 122.1 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 86 86 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 89 87 Rural (% of rural population) 99 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 100 94 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 88 47 Rural (% of rural population) 93 80 35 Urban (% of urban population) 97 94 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 78 59 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 9 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 32 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.3 27.0 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.4 10.8 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 4.5 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 8.7 15.2 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.9 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.7 6.1 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 75 El Salvador Population (millions) 6.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 21 GDP ($ billions) 23.1 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,480 8,574 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,194 7,648 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 64.8 79.1 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 2.0 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 74 37 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 2.1 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,674 3,448 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,492 3,838 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 13.6 46.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.5 0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.8 20.2 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 23 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 59.2 19,009 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 9.2 0.1 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 10.2 11.8 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 3.1 13.1 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,100 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 252 39,997 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 677 1,312 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 18.4 16.7 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 855 1,973 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 34.9 39.0 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 34.8 53.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.0 2.7 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,850 22,810 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 7.8 2.0 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 55 68 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 88 94 87 Rural (% of rural population) 76 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 94 98 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 87 79 47 Rural (% of rural population) 83 59 35 Urban (% of urban population) 89 84 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 28 28 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 19 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 9.2 21.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.8 12.2 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 5.0 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.9 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.5 6.8 14.7 76 2013 The Little Green Data Book Equatorial Guinea Population (thousands) 720 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 19.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 15,670 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 7,915 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 39.5 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 981 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 57.5 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.7 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 19.2 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 19 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 28 Threatened species, higher plants 67 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 7.1 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.2 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 2.6 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 253 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,732 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.1 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 36,100 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.1 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 6 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 51 100 Rural (% of rural population) 42 98 Urban (% of urban population) 66 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 89 100 Rural (% of rural population) 87 99 Urban (% of urban population) 92 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 6 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 118 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 18.9 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 40.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 77 Eritrea Population (millions) 5.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 101 GDP ($ billions) 2.6 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 430 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 440 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 21.4 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.0 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 75 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 66 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 592 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 15.1 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.3 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 5.0 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 4 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 2.6 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.0 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) 3,260 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 102 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 142 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 78.0 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 52 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.4 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 517 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 20.8 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 95 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 61 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 57 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 74 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 14 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 4 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 52 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 61 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 68 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.7 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.7 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 15.2 78 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Estonia 42 GDP ($ billions) 22.2 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 15,260 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 13,314 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 69.5 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.9 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 22 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 4,531 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,596 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 52.1 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 20.4 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 81.7 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –6.7 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.1 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 26.5 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,155 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 14.7 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,464 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 91.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.2 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 11.9 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,486 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 14.1 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 100 Rural (% of rural population) 97 98 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 100 Rural (% of rural population) 94 99 Urban (% of urban population) 96 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 9 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 26.4 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.3 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.5 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.3 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 79 Ethiopia Population (millions) 84.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,000 GDP ($ billions) 30.2 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 370 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 312 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 17.0 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.1 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 36 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.5 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 229 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,761 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 12.2 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.1 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 18.4 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 33 Threatened species, birds 26 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 25 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 24.1 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 7.8 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.7 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 400 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 93.3 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 54 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.6 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 99.0 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,440 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 4.6 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 44 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 34 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 97 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 21 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 19 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 29 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 47 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 13 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 18 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 77 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 27.3 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.2 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.9 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 4.4 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 17.4 –1.2 15.2 80 2013 The Little Green Data Book Faeroe Islands Population (thousands) 49 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.4 GDP ($ billions) 2.2 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 41.1 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.5 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 2 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.1 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) .. 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 8 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 415 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.3 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 7.6 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 14.6 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 11 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.3 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 81 Fiji Population (thousands) 868 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ billions) 3.8 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,720 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,763 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 52.2 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.9 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 23 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,864 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,075 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 55.7 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.3 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.3 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 13 Threatened species, higher plants 61 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 42.1 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.1 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –10.3 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.06 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 10,020 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 425 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 627 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.0 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 32,876 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.3 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 61 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 95 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 100 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 83 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 71 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 94 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 20 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 16 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 6.3 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.1 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.0 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.2 32.2 14.7 82 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 5.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Finland 304 GDP ($ billions) 263.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 47,760 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 42,089 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 83.7 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.6 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 8 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.6 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 47,514 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,534 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 72.9 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 9.0 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 6 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 165 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.4 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.3 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 5.0 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 6,787 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 22.6 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 16,483 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 33.3 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 16.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.0 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 19,858 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.5 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 3 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.6 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.1 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.5 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 83 France Population (millions) 65.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 548 GDP ($ billions) 2,773.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 42,420 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 37,251 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 85.7 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 53 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 5.1 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 57,973 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 6,859 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 29.2 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 16.5 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 43 Threatened species, higher plants 28 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 680 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.0 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.6 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 21.3 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,031 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.0 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,729 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 9.9 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 11.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.6 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,057 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 15.8 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 12 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 12 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.5 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.7 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.0 6.6 84 2013 The Little Green Data Book French Polynesia Population (thousands) 274 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 3.7 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 51.4 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 12 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 43.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –4.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.4 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 33 Threatened species, fish 27 Threatened species, higher plants 47 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 15.8 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.5 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 18.1 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.06 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 6,000 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.3 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 38,264 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 100 Rural (% of rural population) 97 99 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 85 Gabon Population (millions) 1.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 258 GDP ($ billions) 17.1 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,080 1,258 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 4,944 1,022 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 86.1 36.5 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.4 3.8 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 20 44 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,908 334 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,698 1,361 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 85.4 27.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.5 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 15.1 11.7 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 14 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 61 Threatened species, higher plants 119 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 32.2 6,383 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.3 1.8 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 23.2 16.0 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 7.3 5.8 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1,598 27,808 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,418 683 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 52.9 58.2 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,004 553 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 55.8 65.2 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 43.8 18.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.1 0.9 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 106,892 4,455 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.1 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 38 84 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 61 93 Rural (% of rural population) 41 48 86 Urban (% of urban population) 95 83 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 33 31 73 Rural (% of rural population) 30 23 62 Urban (% of urban population) 33 42 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 7 41 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 66 109 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.9 10.9 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 3.7 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 34.7 10.4 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 2.2 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 19.2 86 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 1.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Gambia, The 10 GDP ($ millions) 898.3 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 500 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 446 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 57.2 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.8 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 61 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 285 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 869 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 47.6 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.4 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.5 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 23 Threatened species, higher plants 4 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 45.0 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.6 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.1 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.06 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 581 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 84 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,689 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 2.4 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 28 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 89 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 85 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 92 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 68 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 65 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 70 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 60 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 101 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.6 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.1 –1.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 87 Georgia Population (millions) 4.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 69 GDP ($ billions) 14.4 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,860 7,734 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 2,768 6,652 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 52.9 64.7 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.5 0.3 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 36 28 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 4.0 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,045 3,374 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,201 2,740 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 39.4 38.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.1 0.0 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 3.7 7.5 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 27.1 5,790 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –6.3 –2.9 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.3 –0.5 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.45 10.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 700 3,015 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 11.5 2.0 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,743 4,059 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 7.5 65.4 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 92.5 18.8 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.3 7.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 12,958 12,498 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 3.1 6.3 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 58 60 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 96 87 Rural (% of rural population) 96 91 84 Urban (% of urban population) 100 99 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 84 47 Rural (% of rural population) 93 81 35 Urban (% of urban population) 96 87 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 49 21 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 14.2 26.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.2 12.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 3.6 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 9.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.8 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.2 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.7 6.2 14.7 88 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 81.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Germany 349 GDP ($ billions) 3,600.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 44,230 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 38,601 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 73.9 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.2 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 48 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 2.2 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 32,866 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 6,461 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 42.4 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 23 Threatened species, higher plants 14 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 273 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.6 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.3 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 40.3 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,003 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 9.0 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,215 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 59.3 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 3.3 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.0 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,308 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 30.2 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 16 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 23.5 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.8 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.8 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 89 Ghana Population (millions) 25.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 228 GDP ($ billions) 39.2 Sub- Saharan Lower- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,410 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,214 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 51.9 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.2 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 70 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.2 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,594 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 21.2 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 2.1 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 14.7 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 17 Threatened species, fish 44 Threatened species, higher plants 115 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 353 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.8 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 20.8 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.01 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 137 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 382 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 63.8 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 298 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 16.4 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 83.6 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,214 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 3.2 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 66 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 86 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) 80 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) 91 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 14 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) 8 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) 19 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 22 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 6 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 20 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 78 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 9.1 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.6 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.7 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.1 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 7.1 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.3 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –6.6 –1.2 14.7 90 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 11.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Greece 129 GDP ($ billions) 289.6 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 24,490 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 21,389 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 61.5 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 63 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 16.9 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,851 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 30.5 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.8 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 16.2 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 12 Threatened species, fish 74 Threatened species, higher plants 55 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 214 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.9 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 13.7 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 2.6 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,440 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.9 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,242 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 81.4 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 13.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.4 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,133 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 16.3 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 89 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 100 Rural (% of rural population) 97 99 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 27 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 5.5 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.7 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –5.9 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 91 Greenland Population (thousands) 57 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 410 GDP ($ billions) 1.3 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 26,020 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 84.7 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.4 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 1 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.0 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 40.5 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 7 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 214 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.9 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 36.3 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.2 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 10,662,187 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.0 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 92 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 105 Land area (sq. km) Grenada 340 GDP ($ millions) 816.1 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,350 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 39.2 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 32 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 2.0 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,617 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,032 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 50.0 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.7 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 2.3 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.9 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.02 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 150 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1.4 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 784 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.4 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) .. 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 97 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 97 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 97 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 96 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 19 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 13 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) –5.9 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.1 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.8 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 93 Guam Population (thousands) 182 Land area (sq. km) 540 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 93.2 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.6 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 33 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,421 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 47.9 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 26.4 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.42 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.1 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –3.0 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.77 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 220 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 0.97 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 98 99 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 94 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 14.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Guatemala 107 GDP ($ billions) 46.9 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,870 8,574 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 2,681 7,648 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 49.8 79.1 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.3 2.0 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 41 37 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,823 3,448 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,987 3,838 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 33.6 46.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.4 0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 30.6 20.2 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 25 Threatened species, higher plants 73 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 41.2 19,009 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.1 0.1 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 16.3 11.8 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 12.5 13.1 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,100 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 177 39,997 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 713 1,312 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 62.0 16.7 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 567 1,973 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 33.1 39.0 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 37.3 53.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.1 2.7 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 7,400 22,810 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 2.7 2.0 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 55 68 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 94 87 Rural (% of rural population) 87 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 98 98 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 78 79 47 Rural (% of rural population) 70 59 35 Urban (% of urban population) 87 84 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 51 28 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 30 19 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 11.0 21.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.7 12.2 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.9 5.0 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 4.5 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 1.9 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.7 6.8 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 95 Guinea Population (millions) 10.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 246 GDP ($ billions) 5.1 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 430 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 350 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 35.5 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.9 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 58 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 237 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,379 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 26.5 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.5 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 6.8 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 21 Threatened species, birds 17 Threatened species, fish 66 Threatened species, higher plants 22 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 115 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.7 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 15.3 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.0 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 2,033 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 22,110 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.7 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 84 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 74 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 65 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 90 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 18 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 11 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 32 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 55 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 16 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 126 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) –7.2 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.5 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 12.0 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 2.3 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –28.4 –1.2 15.2 96 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Guinea-Bissau 1.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ millions) 967.8 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 600 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 572 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 43.9 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.1 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 58 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,340 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 71.6 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.5 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 16.1 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 31 Threatened species, higher plants 4 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 6.8 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.1 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 45.8 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 2,982 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 67 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 10,342 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.1 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 82 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 64 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 53 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 91 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 20 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 9 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 44 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 48 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 161 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.2 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 97 Guyana Population (thousands) 756 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 197 GDP ($ billions) 2.6 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,900 8,574 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 2,686 7,648 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 28.4 79.1 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.0 2.0 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 9 37 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,483 3,448 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,741 3,838 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 77.2 46.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 5.0 20.2 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 28 Threatened species, higher plants 21 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 43.4 19,009 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.8 0.1 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 8.2 11.8 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.0 13.1 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,100 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 396 39,997 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 667 1,312 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.7 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,973 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 39.0 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 53.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.1 2.7 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 318,766 22,810 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.7 2.0 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 98 68 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 94 87 Rural (% of rural population) 93 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 98 98 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 84 79 47 Rural (% of rural population) 82 59 35 Urban (% of urban population) 88 84 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 20 28 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 36 19 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 14.4 21.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.4 12.2 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.4 5.0 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 10.5 1.9 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –1.3 6.8 14.7 98 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 10.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Haiti 28 GDP ($ billions) 7.3 Latin America & Low- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 700 8,574 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 666 7,648 521 Urban population (% of total) 53.3 79.1 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.7 2.0 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 64 37 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 5.4 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 3,448 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 949 3,838 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 3.6 46.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.8 0.4 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.3 20.2 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 21 Threatened species, higher plants 29 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 17.1 19,009 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.7 0.1 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 11.8 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.0 13.1 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) 450 15,100 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 136 39,997 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 229 1,312 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 69.8 16.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 24 1,973 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 69.8 39.0 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 30.2 53.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 2.7 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,285 22,810 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 9.2 2.0 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 78 68 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 69 94 65 Rural (% of rural population) 51 81 57 Urban (% of urban population) 85 98 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 17 79 37 Rural (% of rural population) 10 59 32 Urban (% of urban population) 24 84 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 35 28 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 28 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 24 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 70 19 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 24.5 21.1 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.2 12.2 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.5 5.0 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.9 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 0.0 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.3 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.4 6.8 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 99 Honduras Population (millions) 7.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 112 GDP ($ billions) 17.4 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,980 8,574 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,889 7,648 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 52.2 79.1 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.4 2.0 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 29 37 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,163 3,448 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,233 3,838 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 45.3 46.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 2.1 0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 18.2 20.2 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 28 Threatened species, higher plants 107 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 46.1 19,009 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.7 0.1 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 12.0 11.8 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.9 13.1 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 810 15,100 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 628 39,997 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 601 1,312 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 43.0 16.7 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 671 1,973 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 53.9 39.0 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 44.0 53.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.0 2.7 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 12,371 22,810 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.2 2.0 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 58 68 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 94 87 Rural (% of rural population) 79 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 95 98 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 77 79 47 Rural (% of rural population) 69 59 35 Urban (% of urban population) 85 84 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 34 28 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 17 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 16 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 19 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 18.9 21.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.4 12.2 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 5.0 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 1.9 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.8 6.8 14.7 100 2013 The Little Green Data Book Hong Kong SAR, China Population (millions) 7.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1.0 GDP ($ billions) 248.6 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 36,010 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 31,588 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.0 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) .. 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) .. 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 41.8 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 20 Threatened species, fish 13 Threatened species, higher plants 6 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 174 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.3 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –5.1 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,951 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.4 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,923 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.3 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 28.4 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.2 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 18.1 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 101 Hungary Population (millions) 10.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 91 GDP ($ billions) 140.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,730 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 11,364 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 69.4 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.1 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 59 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 1.8 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 8,522 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,099 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 22.5 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.6 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 5.1 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 9 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 22.6 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –3.9 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.6 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,567 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 7.3 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,876 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 49.3 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.5 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.9 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 602 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 93.2 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 6 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.0 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.2 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.9 6.6 102 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 319 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 100a Iceland GDP ($ billions) 14.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 34,820 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 31,219 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 93.7 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 16 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 56,880 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.3 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –5.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 19.7 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 12 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1,160 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.3 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.0 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 3.9 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 16,882 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 51,440 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 73.8 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.4 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 532,892 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.1 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 42 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 8.6 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 16.5 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 9.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.8 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 103 India Population (millions) 1,241.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,973 GDP ($ billions) 1,872.8 Lower South middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,420 1,313 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,283 1,201 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 31.3 30.9 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.6 2.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 60 55 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 35.2 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 523 550 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,883 2,959 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 23.1 17.1 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.5 –0.3 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 5.0 5.9 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 94 Threatened species, birds 80 Threatened species, fish 212 Threatened species, higher plants 300 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 8,879 13,219 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 2.3 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 7.4 8.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.7 1.7 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 5,790 15,440 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 4,326 10,343 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 566 519 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 24.6 26.7 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 616 555 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 83.1 80.6 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 11.9 14.0 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.6 1.4 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,165 1,197 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 52.6 51.6 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 91 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 90 88 84 Urban (% of urban population) 97 96 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 34 38 47 Rural (% of rural population) 23 28 35 Urban (% of urban population) 58 60 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 52 62 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 9 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 61 62 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 35.0 33.5 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.3 9.2 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 2.8 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.1 2.8 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.3 1.0 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.8 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 22.5 21.6 14.7 104 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 242.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Indonesia 1,812 GDP ($ billions) 846.8 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,940 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 2,784 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 50.7 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.7 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 753 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,886 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 51.7 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.5 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 14.1 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 184 Threatened species, birds 122 Threatened species, fish 141 Threatened species, higher plants 385 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 13,651 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.7 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 13.1 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 2.0 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 51,020 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 31,894 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 867 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 26.0 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 641 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 84.0 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 10.4 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.9 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,332 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 5.6 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 82 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 82 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 74 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 92 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 54 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 39 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 73 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 60 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 14 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 32 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 32.8 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.7 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.7 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 6.2 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.5 32.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 105 Iran, Islamic Rep. Population (millions) 74.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,629 GDP ($ billions) 331.0 Middle Upper East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,520 3,866 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,106 3,285 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 69.1 58.9 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.4 2.5 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 23 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 19.0 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,104 2,627 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,469 2,475 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 6.8 2.4 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 7.1 3.9 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 22 Threatened species, fish 30 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 735 3,538 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.4 2.4 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 11.1 13.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.7 2.0 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 700 5,700 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 192 217 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,817 1,372 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 0.9 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,652 1,658 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 95.8 92.9 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 4.1 5.4 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.2 4.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,718 673 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 72.6 122.1 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 92 86 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 89 93 Rural (% of rural population) 92 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 97 94 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 88 73 Rural (% of rural population) 100 80 62 Urban (% of urban population) 100 94 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 56 59 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 25 32 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 27.0 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.3 10.8 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.1 4.5 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 19.1 15.2 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 0.6 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.3 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.9 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.1 19.2 106 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 33.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Iraq 434 GDP ($ billions) 115.4 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,640 3,866 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,311 3,285 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 66.5 58.9 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.6 2.5 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 19 23 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 2,627 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,799 2,475 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.9 2.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.1 –0.1 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.1 3.9 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 13 Threatened species, birds 16 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 51.8 3,538 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.6 2.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 12.9 13.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.0 2.0 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 5,700 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 217 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,180 1,372 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 0.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,183 1,658 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 90.5 92.9 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 9.5 5.4 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.5 4.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,068 673 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 187.5 122.1 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 79 86 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 79 89 87 Rural (% of rural population) 56 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 91 94 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 73 88 47 Rural (% of rural population) 67 80 35 Urban (% of urban population) 76 94 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 88 59 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 38 32 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 27.0 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.8 10.8 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.5 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 50.6 15.2 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 3.5 0.9 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.1 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 107 Ireland Population (millions) 4.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 69 GDP ($ billions) 217.3 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 39,150 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 32,178 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 62.2 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 66 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 13,931 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 8,440 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 10.9 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.5 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.8 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 21 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 288 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.1 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.4 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.18 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,218 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.6 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,025 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 79.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 2.1 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.3 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 10,707 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.6 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 10 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 98 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.1 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 17.2 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.5 6.6 108 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 83 Land area (sq. km) Isle of Man 570 GDP ($ billions) 4.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 48,910 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 50.6 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 75 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 6.1 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) .. 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 0 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 2 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 6.8 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.5 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.8 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 109 Israel Population (millions) 7.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 22 GDP ($ billions) 242.9 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 28,930 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 26,158 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 91.9 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.5 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 24 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 31.8 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,407 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 7.1 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 17.8 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 15 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 36 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 22.8 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –5.6 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.5 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.45 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) <10 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,005 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,856 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.7 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.0 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 97 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 260.5 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 58 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 15.1 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.9 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.6 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.2 6.6 110 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 60.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Italy 294 GDP ($ billions) 2,194.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 35,320 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 30,844 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 68.4 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.4 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 47 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 16.9 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 31,254 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,682 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.9 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 15.1 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 46 Threatened species, higher plants 62 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 378 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.5 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.2 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 17.4 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,815 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.1 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,384 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 73.3 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 17.1 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.7 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,005 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 24.9 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 44 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.5 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.8 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.8 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 111 Jamaica Population (millions) 2.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 11 GDP ($ billions) 14.4 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 4,489 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 52.1 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.8 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 41 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,016 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,270 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.1 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.1 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 18.9 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 22 Threatened species, higher plants 206 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 16.3 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.5 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –5.0 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 4.2 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,240 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 97.5 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,131 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 14.6 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,223 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 93.6 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 3.6 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.2 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,475 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 6.2 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 34 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 88 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 80 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 82 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 78 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 27 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 18 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 8.7 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.5 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.8 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 1.1 6.8 19.2 112 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 127.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Japan 365 GDP ($ billions) 5,867.2 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 44,900 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 40,800 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 91.1 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.9 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 13 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 34.5 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 40,385 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,911 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 68.6 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 16.5 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 27 Threatened species, birds 40 Threatened species, fish 65 Threatened species, higher plants 7 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 4,756 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.3 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.9 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 5.5 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 2,900 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 7.4 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,898 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.4 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,394 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 61.8 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 7.4 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.6 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,364 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 20.9 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 63 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 24 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 21.1 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.7 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.1 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 113 Jordan Population (millions) 6.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 89 GDP ($ billions) 28.8 Middle Upper East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,380 3,866 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 4,050 3,285 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 82.7 58.9 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.8 2.5 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 23 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 9.6 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,760 2,627 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 812 2,475 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.1 2.4 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.9 3.9 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 13 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 13 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1.1 3,538 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.7 2.4 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 11.4 13.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 30.0 2.0 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) <50 5,700 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 217 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,191 1,372 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 0.9 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,226 1,658 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 99.5 92.9 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.4 5.4 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.8 4.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 110 673 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 138.0 122.1 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 65 86 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 89 93 Rural (% of rural population) 92 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 94 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 88 73 Rural (% of rural population) 98 80 62 Urban (% of urban population) 98 94 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 30 59 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 1 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 16 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 32 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 13.5 27.0 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.9 10.8 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.6 4.5 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 15.2 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.7 0.6 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.6 6.1 19.2 114 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 16.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Kazakhstan 2,700 GDP ($ billions) 188.0 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,260 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 5,654 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 53.6 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.2 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 77 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,275 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,687 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.2 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.2 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 2.5 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 22 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 17 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 43.3 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.8 –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –15.9 –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,595 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,728 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 90.3 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 9.7 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 14.0 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,886 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 32.9 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 66 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 90 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 97 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 98 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 97 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 28 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 34.6 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.1 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 26.0 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.0 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.2 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –4.6 6.2 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 115 Kenya Population (millions) 41.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 569 GDP ($ billions) 33.6 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 820 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 745 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 24.0 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.4 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 48 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.0 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 350 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,514 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 6.1 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.3 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 11.8 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 28 Threatened species, birds 34 Threatened species, fish 68 Threatened species, higher plants 128 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 204 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.5 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 14.7 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 10.5 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) 630 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 610 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 483 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 72.8 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 156 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 30.5 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 45.7 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 497 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 13.2 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 79 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 59 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 52 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 82 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 32 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 32 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 32 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 30 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 17 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 73 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 13.5 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.7 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.9 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.2 –1.2 15.2 116 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 101 Land area (sq. km) Kiribati 810 GDP ($ millions) 166.7 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,030 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 43.9 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.7 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 42 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,327 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 15.0 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 23.2 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 69.6 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.3 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.8 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 22.6 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 2,940 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 2.6 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 116 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 63 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 53 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 77 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 34 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 22 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 49 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 47 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.6 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 32.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 117 Korea, Dem. People’s Rep. Population (millions) 24.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 120 GDP ($ millions) .. East Asia Low- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 4,248 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 3,884 521 Urban population (% of total) 60.3 48.6 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.1 3.6 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 21 48 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 610 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,749 5,050 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 46.0 29.7 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 2.0 –0.4 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 5.9 15.0 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 25 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 6 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 713 101,299 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.0 3.4 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.7 9.1 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.11 1.4 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 137,690 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 56,537 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 761 1,520 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.7 10.9 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 749 2,337 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 38.1 79.8 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 61.9 16.5 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.1 4.6 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,740 4,446 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 12.9 10.9 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 76 73 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 90 65 Rural (% of rural population) 97 84 57 Urban (% of urban population) 99 97 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 80 66 37 Rural (% of rural population) 71 58 32 Urban (% of urban population) 86 76 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 52 55 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 33 21 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 49.3 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 11.0 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 4.3 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.7 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.1 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 32.2 15.2 118 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 49.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Korea, Rep.97 GDP ($ billions) 1,116.2 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 20,870 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 19,551 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 83.2 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.3 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 18 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 51.6 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 20,559 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 7,038 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 64.0 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 2.4 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 29 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 4 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 3,261 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.6 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.1 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 3.9 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 5,060 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.4 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 9,744 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 68.7 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.7 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.4 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,303 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 39.3 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 62 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 100 Rural (% of rural population) 88 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 30 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 5 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 31.4 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.0 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 21.8 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 119 Kosovo Population (millions) 1.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 11 GDP ($ billions) 6.5 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,510 7,734 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 6,652 1,595 Urban population (% of total) .. 64.7 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 0.3 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 52 28 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 3,374 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 2,740 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 38.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) .. 0.0 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) .. 7.5 9.9 Threatened species, mammals .. Threatened species, birds .. Threatened species, fish .. Threatened species, higher plants .. Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) .. 5,790 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –2.9 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –0.5 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 10.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,372 3,015 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 9.7 2.0 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,650 4,059 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 97.0 65.4 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 3.0 18.8 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 7.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 12,498 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 6.3 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 60 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 96 87 Rural (% of rural population) .. 91 84 Urban (% of urban population) .. 99 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 84 47 Rural (% of rural population) .. 81 35 Urban (% of urban population) .. 87 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 21 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 26.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.2 12.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.6 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 9.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.8 0.8 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.2 14.7 120 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 2.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Kuwait 18 GDP ($ billions) 176.6 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 48,900 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 30,970 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 98.3 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.4 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 9 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 8,648 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –2.6 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.6 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 8 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 4.9 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.0 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.01 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 110 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 0.05 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 12,204 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 18,320 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 30.3 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 0 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 54 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 91 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 11 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 45.8 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.5 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 29.3 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.2 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 121 Kyrgyz Republic Population (millions) 5.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 192 GDP ($ billions) 6.2 Europe & Central Low- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 900 7,734 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 829 6,652 521 Urban population (% of total) 35.4 64.7 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.8 0.3 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 55 28 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 9.4 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,022 3,374 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,603 2,740 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 5.1 38.7 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.1 0.0 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 6.9 7.5 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 12 Threatened species, fish 3 Threatened species, higher plants 14 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.42 5,790 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –11.2 –2.9 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.2 –0.5 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 10.4 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 536 3,015 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 2.0 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,375 4,059 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 9.0 65.4 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 91.0 18.8 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.2 7.1 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,873 12,498 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 20.6 6.3 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 60 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 90 96 65 Rural (% of rural population) 85 91 57 Urban (% of urban population) 99 99 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 93 84 37 Rural (% of rural population) 93 81 32 Urban (% of urban population) 94 87 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 35 21 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 31 21 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.9 26.1 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.7 12.3 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.0 3.6 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 9.3 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 9.0 0.8 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.7 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.1 6.2 15.2 122 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 6.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Lao PDR 231 GDP ($ billions) 8.3 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,130 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 973 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 34.2 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.7 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 10 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 456 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,045 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 67.9 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.5 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 16.6 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 45 Threatened species, birds 24 Threatened species, fish 54 Threatened species, higher plants 24 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 117 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.6 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 10.8 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 30,280 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 2.2 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 93 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 67 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 62 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 77 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 63 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 50 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 89 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 45 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 42 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.7 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.8 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.1 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 10.5 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.8 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –2.6 32.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 123 Latvia Population (millions) 2.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 62 GDP ($ billions) 28.3 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 13,320 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 12,053 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 67.7 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.3 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 29 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.1 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,837 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,748 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 54.1 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.3 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 18.0 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 6 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 156 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –5.0 –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –6.5 –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 6.7 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,971 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 29.3 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,026 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 45.1 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 53.1 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.0 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 8,133 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 2.5 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 12 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 96 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 78 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 71 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 82 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 12 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 8 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 25.9 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.3 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.6 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 18.5 6.2 19.2 124 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 4.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Lebanon 10 GDP ($ billions) 40.1 Middle Upper East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 9,140 3,866 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 8,207 3,285 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 87.2 58.9 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 2.5 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 62 23 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 20.2 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 44,019 2,627 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,802 2,475 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 13.4 2.4 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.4 –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.5 3.9 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 22 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 5.1 3,538 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.8 2.4 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 14.1 13.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.11 2.0 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 5,700 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 217 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,526 1,372 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.9 0.9 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,569 1,658 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 94.7 92.9 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 5.3 5.4 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.0 4.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,127 673 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 27.3 122.1 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 60 86 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 89 93 Rural (% of rural population) 100 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 94 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 88 73 Rural (% of rural population) 87 80 62 Urban (% of urban population) 100 94 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 25 59 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 9 32 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 11.6 27.0 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.0 10.8 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.6 4.5 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 15.2 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.7 6.1 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 125 Lesotho Population (millions) 2.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 30 GDP ($ billions) 2.4 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,210 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,222 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 27.6 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.6 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 76 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 200 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 664 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.5 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.5 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.5 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 1 Threatened species, higher plants 4 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.35 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 7.4 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 13.8 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 9 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,384 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.0 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 20 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 78 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) 73 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) 91 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 26 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) 24 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) 32 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 38 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 86 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.5 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.3 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 9.7 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 14.7 126 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 4.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Liberia 96 GDP ($ billions) 1.5 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 330 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 303 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 48.2 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.9 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 27 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 716 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,200 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 44.6 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.7 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.8 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 18 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 53 Threatened species, higher plants 47 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 8.0 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.0 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.0 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 109 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 48,443 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.1 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 34 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 73 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 60 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 88 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 18 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 7 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 29 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 31 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 9 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 20 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 78 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 32.9 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.9 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.8 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 2.9 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 22.6 –1.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 127 Libya Population (millions) 6.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,760 GDP ($ billions) 62.4 Middle Upper East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,320 3,866 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 5,845 3,285 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 77.7 58.9 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 2.5 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 9 23 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 2,627 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 614 2,475 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.1 2.4 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.1 3.9 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 24 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 30.2 3,538 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.9 2.4 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.0 13.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.05 2.0 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 5,700 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 217 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,013 1,372 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.9 0.9 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,270 1,658 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 92.9 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 5.4 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.0 4.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 109 673 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 618.0 122.1 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 83 86 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 89 93 Rural (% of rural population) .. 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) .. 94 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 97 88 73 Rural (% of rural population) 96 80 62 Urban (% of urban population) 97 94 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 65 59 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 16 32 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 66.8 27.0 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.0 10.8 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.5 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 29.0 15.2 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.4 0.9 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.1 19.2 128 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 36 Land area (sq. km) Liechtenstein 160 GDP ($ billions) 4.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 137,070 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 14.4 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.3 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 41 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 43.1 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 42.4 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 0 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 0 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) .. 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 24 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 2 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.3 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.4 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 129 Lithuania Population (millions) 3.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 63 GDP ($ billions) 42.7 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,980 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 11,775 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 67.1 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.0 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 45 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 5,996 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,030 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.6 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.7 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 14.5 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 6 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 142 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.1 –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.7 –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 10.7 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,107 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 14.3 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,271 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 76.8 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 10.8 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.8 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,135 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 15.3 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 3 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 81 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 86 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 69 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 95 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 16 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 18.1 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.8 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.4 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.6 6.2 19.2 130 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 518 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Luxembourg2.6 GDP ($ billions) 59.2 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 77,390 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 64,847 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 85.4 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 51 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 25,431 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,193 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 33.5 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 20.0 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 0 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 1 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) .. 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 8,343 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.7 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 16,834 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 90.3 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 3.3 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 20.4 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,930 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 6.0 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 12 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 30.5 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 21.3 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.4 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 131 Macao SAR, China Population (thousands) 556 Land area (sq. km) 28 GDP ($ billions) 36.4 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 45,460 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.1 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) .. 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) .. 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) .. 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 0 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1.5 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.6 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.8 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 62.6 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 1.8 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 132 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Macedonia, FYR 2.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 25 GDP ($ billions) 10.4 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,810 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 4,221 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 59.3 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.5 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 44 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 7.4 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 6,430 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,502 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 39.8 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.4 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 4.9 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 13 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1.6 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,402 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 7.1 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,591 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 66.5 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 33.5 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.5 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,616 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 19.0 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 12 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 99 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 88 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 82 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 92 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 17 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 10 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 26.1 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.1 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.9 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.9 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.9 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.9 6.2 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 133 Madagascar Population (millions) 21.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 582 GDP ($ billions) 9.9 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 430 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 409 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 32.6 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.6 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 71 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 2.2 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 187 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,503 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 21.5 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.4 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 3.1 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 65 Threatened species, birds 35 Threatened species, fish 86 Threatened species, higher plants 358 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 138 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.0 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 18.9 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.12 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) 2,230 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 2,991 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 15,810 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 4.4 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 97 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 46 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 34 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 74 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 15 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 12 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 21 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 28 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 3 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 8 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 62 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.7 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.7 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.5 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 15.2 134 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 15.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Malawi 94 GDP ($ billions) 5.6 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 360 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 324 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 15.7 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.8 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 59 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.5 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 172 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,094 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 34.0 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.0 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 15.0 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 101 Threatened species, higher plants 16 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 85.8 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.5 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 14.6 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,049 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 6.0 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 84 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 83 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 80 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 95 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 51 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 51 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 49 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 29 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 83 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 13.9 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.4 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.3 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.7 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.7 –1.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 135 Malaysia Population (millions) 28.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 329 GDP ($ billions) 287.9 Upper East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,770 4,248 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 7,932 3,884 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 72.7 48.6 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.0 3.6 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 24 48 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 7,170 610 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,920 5,050 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 62.0 29.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.5 –0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 18.1 15.0 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 70 Threatened species, birds 45 Threatened species, fish 68 Threatened species, higher plants 676 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1,909 101,299 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.8 3.4 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 11.6 9.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 2.0 1.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 3,600 137,690 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 7,097 56,537 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,558 1,520 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.7 10.9 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,117 2,337 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 93.8 79.8 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 5.2 16.5 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.1 4.6 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 20,098 4,446 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 2.3 10.9 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 34 73 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 90 93 Rural (% of rural population) 99 84 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 66 73 Rural (% of rural population) 95 58 62 Urban (% of urban population) 96 76 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 55 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 35.5 49.3 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.2 11.0 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.1 2.1 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 6.1 4.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 1.7 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 1.1 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 20.5 32.2 19.2 136 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 320 Land area (sq. km) Maldives 300 GDP ($ billions) 2.1 Upper South middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,720 1,313 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 4,640 1,201 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 41.1 30.9 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.0 2.8 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 23 55 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,490 550 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,508 2,959 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 3.0 17.1 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.3 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) .. 5.9 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 18 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 121 13,219 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 2.3 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 8.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 1.7 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 8,920 15,440 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 10,343 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 985 519 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 26.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 555 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 80.6 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 14.0 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.3 1.4 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 94 1,197 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 19.7 51.6 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 91 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 90 93 Rural (% of rural population) 97 88 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 96 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 97 38 73 Rural (% of rural population) 97 28 62 Urban (% of urban population) 98 60 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 28 62 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 7 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 5 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 11 62 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 33.5 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.5 9.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.0 2.8 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.8 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.0 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.8 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 21.6 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 137 Mali Population (millions) 15.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,220 GDP ($ billions) 10.8 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 610 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 532 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 34.9 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.8 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 34 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 511 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 996 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 10.2 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.6 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 2.4 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 2 Threatened species, higher plants 7 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 110 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.1 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 27.3 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.0 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,788 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 10.9 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 64 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 51 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 87 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 22 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 14 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 35 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 111 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 6 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 13 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 176 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 8.9 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.5 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 9.8 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.3 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –5.2 –1.2 15.2 138 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 416 Land area (sq. km) Malta 320 GDP ($ billions) 8.9 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 18,620 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 94.8 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.0 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 32 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 34.0 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 38,898 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,302 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.9 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 17.3 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 17 Threatened species, higher plants 4 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 4.1 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.3 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 36.8 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.40 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,013 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,151 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.0 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 121 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 106.7 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 35 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 10.3 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.6 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.6 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 139 Marshall Islands Population (thousands) 55 Land area (sq. km) 180 GDP ($ millions) 173.7 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,910 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 71.8 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 72 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 70.2 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 3.1 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 12 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 93.2 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 30.0 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.61 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 6,110 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 610 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.9 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 99 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 92 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 75 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 53 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 83 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 26 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.3 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.5 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 32.2 14.7 140 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 3.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Mauritania 1,031 GDP ($ billions) 4.2 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,030 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 586 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 41.5 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.9 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 39 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 773 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,395 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.2 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 2.7 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.5 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 32 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 372 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 8.6 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 32.1 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1.4 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 113 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 400.3 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 50 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 48 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 52 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 26 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 9 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 51 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 68 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 112 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.3 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.8 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 38.8 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 141 Mauritius Population (millions) 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2.0 GDP ($ billions) 11.3 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,040 1,258 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 7,674 1,022 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 41.8 36.5 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.7 3.8 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 44 44 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 22.5 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 6,013 334 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 7,442 1,361 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 17.3 27.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.0 0.5 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 4.5 11.7 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 88 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 5.5 6,383 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.8 1.8 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 9.6 16.0 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.28 5.8 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 870 17,980 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1.2 27,808 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 947 683 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.0 0.9 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,139 4,455 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 26.4 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 68 84 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 61 93 Rural (% of rural population) 99 48 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 83 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 89 31 73 Rural (% of rural population) 88 23 62 Urban (% of urban population) 91 42 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 16 41 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 109 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 13.8 18.4 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.8 10.9 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.1 3.7 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.8 –1.2 19.2 142 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 114.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Mexico 1,944 GDP ($ billions) 1,153.3 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 9,420 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 8,220 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 78.1 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.9 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 53 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 6.3 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,196 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,241 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 33.3 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.3 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 11.1 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 100 Threatened species, birds 61 Threatened species, fish 152 Threatened species, higher plants 196 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1,709 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.5 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 9.0 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 16.7 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,780 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 6,557 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,570 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.7 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,990 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 80.2 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 13.7 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.0 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,563 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 19.5 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 77 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 91 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 97 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 85 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 79 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 87 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 30 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 16 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 26.4 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.8 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.2 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 6.2 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 12.1 6.8 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 143 Micronesia, Fed. Sts. Population (thousands) 112 Land area (sq. km) 700 GDP ($ millions) 310.3 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,860 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 22.6 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.1 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 31 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,624 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 91.7 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 4.0 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 36.3 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 13.9 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.06 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 4,340 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 87.0 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 94 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 95 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 25 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 15 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 61 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 42 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.7 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 32.2 14.7 144 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 3.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Moldova 33 GDP ($ billions) 7.0 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,980 7,734 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,934 6,652 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 47.7 64.7 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.1 0.3 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 75 28 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 9.2 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,791 3,374 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,866 2,740 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 11.9 38.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.8 0.0 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.4 7.5 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 8 Threatened species, fish 8 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 9.4 5,790 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –16.7 –2.9 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.3 –0.5 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 10.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 731 3,015 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.2 2.0 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,049 4,059 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 97.8 65.4 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 2.2 18.8 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.3 7.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 281 12,498 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 191.5 6.3 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 40 60 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 96 87 Rural (% of rural population) 93 91 84 Urban (% of urban population) 99 99 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 85 84 47 Rural (% of rural population) 82 81 35 Urban (% of urban population) 89 87 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 36 21 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 7 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 7 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 16 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.1 26.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.9 12.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.7 3.6 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 9.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.1 6.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 145 Monaco Population (thousands) 35 Land area (sq. km) 2.0 GDP ($ billions) 6.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 188,800 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) .. 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.0 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 23.7 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.00 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –3.2 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 100.0 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.4 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 146 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 2.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Mongolia 1,554 GDP ($ billions) 8.8 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,310 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,594 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 68.5 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 73 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,530 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,485 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 7.0 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.7 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 13.4 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 20 Threatened species, fish 2 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.08 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.1 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,189 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.5 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,530 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.3 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 12,428 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.2 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 53 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 82 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 53 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 100 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 51 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 29 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 64 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 96 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 31 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 34.4 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.4 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.1 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 20.2 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 12.0 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.4 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 2.5 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –8.1 32.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 147 Montenegro Population (thousands) 632 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 13 GDP ($ billions) 4.5 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,140 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 63.3 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.5 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,078 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,666 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 40.4 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 13.3 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 12 Threatened species, fish 25 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 2.3 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.85 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,303 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 3.1 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,547 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 30.5 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 66.0 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.8 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 1 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 96 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 90 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 87 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 92 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.2 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.2 19.2 148 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 32.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Morocco 446 GDP ($ billions) 100.2 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,970 3,866 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 2,616 3,285 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 57.0 58.9 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 2.5 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 67 23 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 4.6 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,451 2,627 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,407 2,475 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 11.5 2.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.2 –0.1 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.5 3.9 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 17 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 45 Threatened species, higher plants 29 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 966 3,538 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.5 2.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.0 13.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.3 2.0 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 5,700 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 217 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 517 1,372 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.9 0.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 781 1,658 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 81.5 92.9 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 15.5 5.4 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.5 4.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 899 673 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 43.5 122.1 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 87 86 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 83 89 87 Rural (% of rural population) 61 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 98 94 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 70 88 47 Rural (% of rural population) 52 80 35 Urban (% of urban population) 83 94 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 23 59 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 33 32 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 28.5 27.0 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.4 10.8 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.2 4.5 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 15.2 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.6 0.6 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 20.1 6.1 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 149 Mozambique Population (millions) 23.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 786 GDP ($ billions) 12.8 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 460 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 468 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 31.2 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.6 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 63 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 231 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,110 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 49.4 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.5 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 15.8 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 26 Threatened species, fish 54 Threatened species, higher plants 42 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 190 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 8.2 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 20.8 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 3.3 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,860 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 2,909 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 436 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 81.6 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 444 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.1 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 99.9 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,191 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.7 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 47 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 29 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 77 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 18 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 5 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 38 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 22 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 103 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.6 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.9 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.7 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.6 –1.2 15.2 150 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 48.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Myanmar 653 GDP ($ millions) .. East Asia Low- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 4,248 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 3,884 521 Urban population (% of total) 32.7 48.6 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.3 3.6 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 19 48 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 24.8 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 610 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,880 5,050 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 48.2 29.7 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.9 –0.4 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 6.3 15.0 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 46 Threatened species, birds 44 Threatened species, fish 41 Threatened species, higher plants 39 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 4,150 101,299 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 7.5 3.4 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 25.4 9.1 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.31 1.4 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,870 137,690 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 5,029 56,537 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 292 1,520 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 75.3 10.9 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 131 2,337 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 32.3 79.8 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 67.7 16.5 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 4.6 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 20,750 4,446 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 3.3 10.9 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 89 73 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 83 90 65 Rural (% of rural population) 78 84 57 Urban (% of urban population) 93 97 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 76 66 37 Rural (% of rural population) 73 58 32 Urban (% of urban population) 83 76 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 40 55 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 62 21 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 49.3 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 11.0 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 0.8 2.1 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 4.3 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.7 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 1.1 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 32.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 151 Namibia Population (millions) 2.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 823 GDP ($ billions) 12.5 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,700 1,258 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 4,513 1,022 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 38.4 36.5 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.9 3.8 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 47 44 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,493 334 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 354 1,361 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 8.8 27.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.0 0.5 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 14.9 11.7 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 26 Threatened species, fish 28 Threatened species, higher plants 25 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 415 6,383 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.1 1.8 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 17.2 16.0 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 8.2 5.8 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 702 683 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 13.0 58.2 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,479 553 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 15.1 65.2 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 84.9 18.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.6 0.9 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,651 4,455 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 4.9 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 71 84 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 61 93 Rural (% of rural population) 90 48 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 83 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 32 31 73 Rural (% of rural population) 17 23 62 Urban (% of urban population) 57 42 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 42 41 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 4 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 12 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 42 109 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.4 18.4 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.5 10.9 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 8.0 3.7 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 2.2 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.5 –1.2 19.2 152 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 30.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Nepal 143 GDP ($ billions) 18.9 South Low- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 540 1,313 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 559 1,201 521 Urban population (% of total) 17.0 30.9 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.3 2.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 55 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 27.4 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 244 550 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,481 2,959 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 25.4 17.1 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.7 –0.3 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 17.0 5.9 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 31 Threatened species, birds 33 Threatened species, fish 7 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 52.5 13,219 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.9 2.3 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.9 8.1 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 1.7 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,440 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 10,343 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 341 519 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 85.1 26.7 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 93 555 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.1 80.6 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 99.9 14.0 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 1.4 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,501 1,197 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 4.9 51.6 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 98 91 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 89 90 65 Rural (% of rural population) 88 88 57 Urban (% of urban population) 93 96 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 31 38 37 Rural (% of rural population) 27 28 32 Urban (% of urban population) 48 60 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 27 62 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 12 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 48 62 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 34.0 33.5 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 9.2 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 2.8 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.8 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.0 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 2.2 0.6 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.8 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 27.8 21.6 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 153 Netherlands Population (millions) 16.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 34 GDP ($ billions) 836.1 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 49,660 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 42,750 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 83.1 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.4 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 56 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 10.6 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 47,805 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 7,801 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 10.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 12.4 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 13 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 413 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.4 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.0 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 22.1 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 5,021 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.2 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,010 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 85.7 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.1 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.3 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 659 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 96.5 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 1 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 30 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 25.9 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.6 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.7 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.8 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.7 6.6 154 2013 The Little Green Data Book New Caledonia Population (thousands) 254 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 18 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 61.8 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.1 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 14 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,732 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 45.9 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 60.2 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 30 Threatened species, higher plants 230 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 5.4 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.1 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.4 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 17.7 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 5,980 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 227 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 12.1 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 48 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 155 New Zealand Population (millions) 4.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 263 GDP ($ billions) 159.7 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 29,140 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 26,828 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 86.2 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.4 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 43 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 26,556 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 6,951 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 26.2 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 70 Threatened species, fish 23 Threatened species, higher plants 19 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 545 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.0 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 7.0 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 10.8 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 261 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,166 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.5 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 9,566 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 26.6 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 55.1 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.4 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 74,230 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.5 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 11 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.3 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.9 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.2 6.6 156 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 5.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Nicaragua 120 GDP ($ billions) 9.3 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,510 8,574 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,384 7,648 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 57.6 79.1 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.1 2.0 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 43 37 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,760 3,448 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,143 3,838 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 25.3 46.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 2.0 0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 36.7 20.2 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 31 Threatened species, higher plants 39 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 46.7 19,009 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 11.6 0.1 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 29.1 11.8 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 37.2 13.1 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 710 15,100 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 671 39,997 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 542 1,312 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 45.2 16.7 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 473 1,973 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 63.0 39.0 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 13.8 53.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.8 2.7 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 32,318 22,810 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.7 2.0 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 84 68 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 85 94 87 Rural (% of rural population) 68 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 98 98 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 52 79 47 Rural (% of rural population) 37 59 35 Urban (% of urban population) 63 84 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 28 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 26 19 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.4 21.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.5 12.2 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 5.0 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 1.9 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.2 6.8 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 157 Niger Population (millions) 16.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,267 GDP ($ billions) 6.0 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 360 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 350 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 17.9 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.2 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 35 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.2 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 378 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.9 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.0 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 7.1 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 12 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 4 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 53.3 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 14.1 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.2 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 218 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 67.5 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 49 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 39 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 100 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 9 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 4 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 34 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 96 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 14 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 21 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 125 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 3.9 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.4 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.6 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 15.2 158 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 162.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Nigeria 911 GDP ($ billions) 244.0 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,280 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 889 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 49.6 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.1 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 84 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,331 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 9.5 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 3.7 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 12.8 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 26 Threatened species, birds 18 Threatened species, fish 59 Threatened species, higher plants 167 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 857 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.5 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 17.6 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.16 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 7,356 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 714 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 83.9 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 136 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 75.6 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 24.4 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,360 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 4.7 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 53 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 58 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) 43 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) 74 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 31 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) 27 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) 35 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 38 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 3 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 10 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 124 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.2 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 0.9 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 24.2 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 159 Northern Mariana Islands Population (thousands) 61 Land area (sq. km) 460 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 91.5 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 7 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 65.5 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.5 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 12.8 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 12 Threatened species, higher plants 4 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.25 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 28.7 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) <50 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 0.07 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 100 Rural (% of rural population) 97 98 Urban (% of urban population) 98 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 94 100 Rural (% of rural population) 96 99 Urban (% of urban population) 94 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 160 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 5.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Norway 304 GDP ($ billions) 485.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 88,870 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 75,531 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 79.4 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 3 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 4.3 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 46,480 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,226 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 33.3 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.8 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 14.6 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 3,573 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.4 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 10.1 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 2.4 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 6,637 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.1 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 25,175 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 4.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 94.7 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.7 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 77,124 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.8 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 29 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 16 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 37.0 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.8 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.6 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 10.5 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 19.2 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 161 Oman Population (millions) 2.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 310 GDP ($ billions) 71.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 19,260 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 10,846 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 73.4 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.5 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 6 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 4.0 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 10,269 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.0 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 10.7 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 27 Threatened species, higher plants 6 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 159 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.3 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.3 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 530 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 10.9 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 7,188 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,933 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 15.2 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 492 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 94.4 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 89 100 Rural (% of rural population) 78 98 Urban (% of urban population) 93 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 95 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 95 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 9 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 39.7 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.7 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 31.1 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –8.1 6.6 162 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 176.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Pakistan 771 GDP ($ billions) 210.2 Lower South middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,120 1,313 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,105 1,201 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 36.2 30.9 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.0 2.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 34 55 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 70.2 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 951 550 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,718 2,959 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 2.1 17.1 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 2.2 –0.3 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 10.1 5.9 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 23 Threatened species, birds 29 Threatened species, fish 35 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 595 13,219 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.2 2.3 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 13.4 8.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.8 1.7 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,440 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 977 10,343 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 487 519 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 34.1 26.7 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 457 555 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 62.7 80.6 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 33.7 14.0 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.9 1.4 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 311 1,197 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 333.6 51.6 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 91 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 89 88 84 Urban (% of urban population) 96 96 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 48 38 47 Rural (% of rural population) 34 28 35 Urban (% of urban population) 72 60 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 91 62 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 14 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 22 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 72 62 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.5 33.5 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.5 9.2 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.6 2.8 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.0 2.8 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 1.0 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 0.6 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.8 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.3 21.6 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 163 Palau Population (thousands) 21 Land area (sq. km) 460 GDP ($ millions) 165.5 Upper East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,510 4,248 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 3,884 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 84.1 48.6 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.4 3.6 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 48 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 610 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,050 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 87.6 29.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.2 –0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 2.0 15.0 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1.0 101,299 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.3 3.4 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 12.5 9.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 5.3 1.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,150 137,690 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 48.5 56,537 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,520 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.3 4.6 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,446 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.9 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 73 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 85 90 93 Rural (% of rural population) 96 84 86 Urban (% of urban population) 83 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 66 73 Rural (% of rural population) 100 58 62 Urban (% of urban population) 100 76 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 55 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 19 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 49.3 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.4 11.0 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.7 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.2 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 1.1 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 32.2 19.2 164 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 3.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Panama 74 GDP ($ billions) 26.8 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,470 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 6,077 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 75.2 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.4 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 30 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,488 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,569 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 43.6 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.4 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 18.7 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 15 Threatened species, birds 19 Threatened species, fish 41 Threatened species, higher plants 191 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 165 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.9 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.7 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 4.0 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 720 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1,744 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,073 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 12.8 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,832 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 43.0 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 56.0 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.3 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 41,275 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.3 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 51 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 83 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 97 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 69 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 51 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 75 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 45 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 20 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.1 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.4 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.1 6.8 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 165 Papua New Guinea Population (millions) 7.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 453 GDP ($ billions) 12.9 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,480 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,186 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 12.5 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.6 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 3 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 688 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,457 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 63.1 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.5 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 3.1 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 39 Threatened species, birds 37 Threatened species, fish 45 Threatened species, higher plants 142 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 187 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 9.7 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 29.6 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.32 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 13,840 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 4,265 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 114,203 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.0 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 40 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 33 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 87 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 45 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 41 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 71 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 16 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 58 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 20.8 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.9 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 23.1 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 32.2 14.7 166 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 6.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Paraguay 397 GDP ($ billions) 23.8 Latin Lower America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,020 8,574 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,174 7,648 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 61.9 79.1 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.2 2.0 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 53 37 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,784 3,448 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,480 3,838 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 43.8 46.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.0 0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 5.4 20.2 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 28 Threatened species, fish 0 Threatened species, higher plants 10 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 21.9 19,009 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.5 0.1 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 23.3 11.8 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 13.1 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,100 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 39,997 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 742 1,312 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 48.1 16.7 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,134 1,973 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.0 39.0 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 100.0 53.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.7 2.7 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 14,311 22,810 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.5 2.0 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 71 68 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 86 94 87 Rural (% of rural population) 66 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 99 98 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 71 79 47 Rural (% of rural population) 40 59 35 Urban (% of urban population) 90 84 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 64 28 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 22 19 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 10.8 21.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.7 12.2 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.7 5.0 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.9 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.6 6.8 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 167 Peru Population (millions) 29.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 1,280 GDP ($ billions) 176.9 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,150 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 4,329 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 77.2 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 17 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,665 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,899 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 53.0 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.2 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 13.6 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 54 Threatened species, birds 124 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 270 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 8,346 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.9 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 14.6 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 2.8 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 53.1 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 667 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 16.3 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,106 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 42.1 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 55.8 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.6 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 54,966 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.2 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 85 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 85 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 65 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 91 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 71 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 37 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 81 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 42 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 18 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 25.4 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.2 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.0 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 7.9 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.0 6.8 19.2 168 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 94.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Philippines 298 GDP ($ billions) 224.8 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,210 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 2,084 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 48.9 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.1 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 41 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 9.4 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,143 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,341 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 25.9 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.7 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 10.9 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 38 Threatened species, birds 74 Threatened species, fish 73 Threatened species, higher plants 212 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 4,975 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.7 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 2.5 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 25,060 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 2,565 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 434 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 17.0 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 643 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 73.7 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 11.5 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.7 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,050 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 17.0 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 82 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 92 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 93 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 74 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 69 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 79 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 17 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 5 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 9 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 25 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 25.0 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.8 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.4 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.1 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.6 32.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 169 Poland Population (millions) 38.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 304 GDP ($ billions) 514.5 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,380 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 10,975 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 60.9 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.0 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 49 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.4 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,994 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,358 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 30.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.3 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 22.4 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 8 Threatened species, fish 7 Threatened species, higher plants 9 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 221 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.0 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.5 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 4.1 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,657 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 7.5 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,783 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 92.9 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 1.9 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.8 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,391 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 22.3 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 10 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 90 100 Rural (% of rural population) 80 99 Urban (% of urban population) 96 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 33 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 6 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.6 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.8 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.5 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 9.2 6.6 170 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 10.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Portugal 91 GDP ($ billions) 237.4 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 21,370 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 17,468 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 61.0 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.4 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 40 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 12.7 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 7,019 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,459 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 37.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 8.3 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 54 Threatened species, higher plants 68 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 225 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.0 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.0 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 3.1 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,213 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 13.5 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,929 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 46.6 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 30.1 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.4 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,600 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 22.3 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 73 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.2 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 19.2 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.7 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –1.7 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 171 Puerto Rico Population (millions) 3.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 8.9 GDP ($ billions) 96.3 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 16,560 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 98.9 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 21 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 8.6 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,952 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 63.2 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.8 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 10.1 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 8 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 51 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1.5 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.4 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –7.9 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.6 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 480 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 73.9 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,915 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 14.0 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 7 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 20.2 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 172 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 1.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Qatar 12 GDP ($ billions) 173.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 80,440 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 98.8 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.8 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 6 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 6,050 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.0 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 2.5 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 13.0 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.0 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.25 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 700 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 12.3 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 12,799 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 14,997 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 44.0 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 30 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 792.9 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 59 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 20 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 8 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.4 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 18.3 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 173 Romania Population (millions) 21.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 230 GDP ($ billions) 189.8 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 8,140 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 7,558 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 52.8 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.4 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 61 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.7 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 6,818 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,993 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 28.7 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.3 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 7.1 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 5 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 11.6 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –14.7 –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –6.6 –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 33.3 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,632 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 11.8 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,392 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 47.6 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 32.4 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.7 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,978 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 16.3 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 17 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 89 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 76 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 73 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 54 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 88 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 11 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 13 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 25.1 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.9 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.4 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.8 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.4 6.2 19.2 174 2013 The Little Green Data Book Russian Federation Population (millions) 143.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 16,377 GDP ($ billions) 1,857.8 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 10,650 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 9,179 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 73.8 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.1 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 13 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 2.0 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,281 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,262 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 49.4 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 9.1 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 31 Threatened species, birds 52 Threatened species, fish 36 Threatened species, higher plants 8 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 4,391 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.6 –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –3.3 –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 10.8 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,927 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.0 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,431 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 67.1 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 16.1 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 11.1 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 30,169 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.5 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 20 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 97 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 92 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 70 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 59 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 74 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 31.4 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.7 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 13.2 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.1 6.2 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 175 Rwanda Population (millions) 10.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 25 GDP ($ billions) 6.4 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 570 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 515 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 19.1 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 8.1 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 78 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 257 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,950 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 18.0 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –2.4 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 10.0 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 20 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 5 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 17.8 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 9.9 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.6 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 868 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.6 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 68 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 65 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 63 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 76 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 55 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 56 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 52 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 21 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 15 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 14 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 54 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 11.4 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.2 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 2.8 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.5 –1.2 15.2 176 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 184 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Samoa 2.8 GDP ($ millions) 640.9 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,160 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 2,948 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 19.9 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.3 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 12 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,718 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 60.4 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 3.4 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 6 Threatened species, fish 13 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 11.8 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 10.3 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.55 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 490 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 3.7 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 320 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.9 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 96 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 96 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 98 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 98 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 19 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.0 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 32.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 177 San Marino Population (thousands) 32 Land area (sq. km) 60 GDP ($ billions) 1.9 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 50,400 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 94.1 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.5 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 17 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.0 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) .. 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 0 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 0 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) .. 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 8 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 2 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 15.3 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 178 2013 The Little Green Data Book São Tomé and Príncipe Population (thousands) 169 Land area (sq. km) 960 GDP ($ millions) 248.3 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,350 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,328 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 62.7 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.5 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 51 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,000 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 28.1 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) .. 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 14 Threatened species, higher plants 34 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 3.9 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.1 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1.4 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 280 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.8 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 12,936 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.3 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 89 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) 88 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) 89 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 26 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) 19 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) 30 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 28 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 89 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.2 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 179 Saudi Arabia Population (millions) 28.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 2,150 GDP ($ billions) 576.8 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 17,820 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 10,722 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 82.3 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.0 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 81 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 20,233 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,611 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 0.5 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 31.3 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 24 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 91.2 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.2 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 13.2 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 3.4 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 6,660 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 204 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 6,168 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 7,967 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 16.1 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 85 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 986.3 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 97 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 96 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 9 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 46.0 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.7 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 7.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 36.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.8 6.6 180 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 12.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Senegal 193 GDP ($ billions) 14.3 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,070 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 990 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 42.6 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.1 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 49 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.7 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 233 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 966 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 43.8 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.5 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 24.1 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 45 Threatened species, higher plants 9 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 427 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.5 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 20.2 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 12.4 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1,279 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 272 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 46.3 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 195 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 88.1 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 8.4 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,021 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 8.6 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 93 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 72 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) 56 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) 93 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 52 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) 39 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) 70 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 77 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 13 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 22 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 65 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.0 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.9 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.2 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.6 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 17.3 –1.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 181 Serbia Population (millions) 7.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 87 GDP ($ billions) 45.8 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 5,690 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 56.4 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.3 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 58 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.7 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,057 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,753 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.6 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.0 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 6.0 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 13.0 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,141 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 6.6 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,359 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 68.2 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 31.8 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.3 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,158 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 49.0 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 2 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 98 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 92 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 88 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 96 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.9 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.6 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.0 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 2.4 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.2 19.2 182 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (thousands) 86 Land area (sq. km) Seychelles 460 GDP ($ billions) 1.1 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 11,270 1,258 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 10,224 1,022 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 53.6 36.5 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.4 3.8 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 7 44 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 455 334 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 1,361 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 88.5 27.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.5 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 42.0 11.7 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 18 Threatened species, higher plants 55 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 75.4 6,383 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 13.3 1.8 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.51 5.8 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,690 17,980 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 32.3 27,808 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,411 683 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 8.4 0.9 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,455 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 7 84 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 61 93 Rural (% of rural population) .. 48 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 83 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 31 73 Rural (% of rural population) .. 23 62 Urban (% of urban population) 98 42 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 41 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 14 109 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.8 10.9 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 3.7 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 183 Sierra Leone Population (millions) 6.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 72 GDP ($ billions) 3.0 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 460 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 389 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 39.3 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.8 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 48 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,669 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 37.8 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.7 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 4.9 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 17 Threatened species, birds 13 Threatened species, fish 47 Threatened species, higher plants 48 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 199 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.2 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.9 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.0 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1,049 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 26,678 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.3 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 71 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 55 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 35 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 87 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 13 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 6 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 23 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 36 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 7 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 13 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 185 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 9.9 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 4.0 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.4 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.1 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –6.0 –1.2 15.2 184 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 5.2 Land area (sq. km) Singapore 700 GDP ($ billions) 239.7 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 42,930 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 38,731 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 100.0 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.5 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 1 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 29,706 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 3.3 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 5.4 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 25 Threatened species, higher plants 57 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 5.6 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –8.9 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.7 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.4 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) <100 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 4.6 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 6,456 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.2 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,307 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 97.4 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.4 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 116 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 31.7 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 4 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 23 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 47.4 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.4 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 35.7 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 185 Sint Maarten (Dutch part) Population (thousands) 37 Land area (sq. km) 34 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) .. 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) .. 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) .. 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) .. 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 0 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 1 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.18 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 186 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Slovak Republic 5.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 48 GDP ($ billions) 96.0 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 16,190 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 14,127 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 54.8 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.1 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 40 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.7 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 9,924 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,942 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 40.2 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 23.2 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 8 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 6 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 2.7 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,280 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.4 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,164 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 25.1 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 19.1 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.3 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,334 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 5.5 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 3 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 8 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.8 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.8 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.9 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 7.2 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 187 Slovenia Population (millions) 2.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 20 GDP ($ billions) 49.5 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 23,600 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 20,483 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 49.9 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.1 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 23 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 0.9 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 76,633 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 6,372 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 62.3 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.2 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 13.2 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 29 Threatened species, higher plants 7 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 2.3 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.68 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,520 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 9.3 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,521 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 36.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 27.8 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.5 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,095 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 5.0 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 0 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 26 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 21.8 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.4 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.4 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.1 6.6 188 2013 The Little Green Data Book Solomon Islands Population (thousands) 552 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 28 GDP ($ millions) 838.0 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,110 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 894 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 20.5 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.7 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 3 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,777 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,211 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 78.9 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.2 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.1 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 20 Threatened species, birds 20 Threatened species, fish 18 Threatened species, higher plants 16 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 58.9 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.0 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 42.1 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.12 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 5,750 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 603 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 129 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 80,939 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 70 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 65 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 94 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 32 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 18 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 98 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 31 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 22 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 10.2 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.5 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.8 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 15.1 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –7.6 32.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 189 Somalia Population (millions) 9.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 627 GDP ($ millions) .. Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 37.8 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.9 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 70 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 466 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 10.6 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.1 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.6 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 15 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 28 Threatened species, higher plants 23 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 30.0 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.3 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.0 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) 710 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 48.0 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 628 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 55.0 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 99 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 29 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 7 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 66 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 23 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 6 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 52 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 26 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 180 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 15.2 190 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 50.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) South Africa 1,213 GDP ($ billions) 408.2 Sub- Upper Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,960 1,258 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 6,333 1,022 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 62.0 36.5 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.6 3.8 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 79 44 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 1.7 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 4,097 334 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,024 1,361 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 7.6 27.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.5 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 6.9 11.7 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 24 Threatened species, birds 41 Threatened species, fish 85 Threatened species, higher plants 67 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 545 6,383 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.1 1.8 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.8 16.0 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 6.5 5.8 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 30.5 27,808 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,738 683 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 10.5 58.2 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 4,803 553 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 94.3 65.2 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.8 18.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 10.1 0.9 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 886 4,455 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 27.9 3.2 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 63 84 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 61 93 Rural (% of rural population) 79 48 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 83 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 79 31 73 Rural (% of rural population) 67 23 62 Urban (% of urban population) 86 42 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 41 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 47 109 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.8 18.4 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.0 10.9 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.4 3.7 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.6 10.4 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 2.9 2.2 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.4 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 1.5 –1.2 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 191 South Sudan Population (millions) 10.3 Land area (sq. km) .. GDP ($ billions) 19.2 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 18.1 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.0 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) .. 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) .. 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) .. 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 0 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish .. Threatened species, higher plants .. Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) .. 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) .. 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) .. 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) .. 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) .. 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 121 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 14.7 192 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 46.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Spain 499 GDP ($ billions) 1,476.9 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 30,930 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 26,987 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 77.4 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.0 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 55 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 12.0 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 22,035 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,658 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 36.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.7 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 8.6 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 12 Threatened species, fish 70 Threatened species, higher plants 205 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 1,266 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.6 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.4 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 3.5 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,773 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 5.3 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 6,155 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 46.5 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 14.1 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.3 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,408 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 29.2 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 61 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 24 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 18.5 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.8 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.6 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 8.9 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 193 Sri Lanka Population (millions) 20.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 63 GDP ($ billions) 59.2 Lower South middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,580 1,313 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 2,509 1,201 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 15.1 30.9 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.4 2.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 42 55 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 978 550 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,503 2,959 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 29.4 17.1 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.1 –0.3 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 21.5 5.9 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 29 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 44 Threatened species, higher plants 283 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 445 13,219 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.1 2.3 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 12.4 8.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.1 1.7 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 680 15,440 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 88.8 10,343 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 478 519 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 51.2 26.7 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 449 555 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 47.5 80.6 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 52.3 14.0 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 1.4 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,530 1,197 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 24.5 51.6 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 87 91 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 91 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 90 88 84 Urban (% of urban population) 99 96 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 92 38 47 Rural (% of rural population) 93 28 35 Urban (% of urban population) 88 60 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 65 62 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 62 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.4 33.5 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.3 9.2 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.7 2.8 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.8 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.0 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 0.6 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.8 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.6 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 13.2 21.6 14.7 194 2013 The Little Green Data Book St. Kitts and Nevis Population (thousands) 53 Land area (sq. km) 260 GDP ($ millions) 697.3 Latin America & High- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 12,610 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 32.0 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 23 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 13.3 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,517 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 42.3 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 3.6 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 19 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 31.0 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 20.5 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –5.1 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.53 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 180 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 0.68 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,645 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.0 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 452 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 98 Urban (% of urban population) 99 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 100 Rural (% of rural population) 96 99 Urban (% of urban population) 96 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 24.5 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.9 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.5 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 195 St. Lucia Population (thousands) 176 Land area (sq. km) 610 GDP ($ billions) 1.3 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,820 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 17.6 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.1 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 18 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,433 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 77.0 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.1 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 14.3 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 5 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 2.0 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.5 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.4 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.06 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 160 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1.9 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 760 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.2 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 95 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 65 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 63 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 71 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 31 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 16 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.2 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.8 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.5 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 19.2 196 2013 The Little Green Data Book St. Martin (French part) Population (thousands) 31 Land area (sq. km) 54 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) .. 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) .. 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) .. 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) .. 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 0 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.20 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 197 St. Vincent and Grenadines Population (thousands) 109 Land area (sq. km) 390 GDP ($ millions) 688.0 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 6,070 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 5,421 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 49.3 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.9 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 26 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,299 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,297 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 68.7 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.3 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 10.9 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 2 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 4 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 76.6 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 10.7 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.61 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 140 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 0.90 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 642 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.8 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) .. 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) .. 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 96 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) .. 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 22 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 21 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) –4.9 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.6 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.5 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –12.2 6.8 19.2 198 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 34.3b Land area (1,000 sq. km) Sudan 2,376 GDP ($ billions) 64.1c Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,310 c 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,044 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 33.2 b 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.2 b 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 57 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 1.0 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,015 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 452 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 29.4 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.1 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 4.2 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 15 Threatened species, birds 17 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 17 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 73.2 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.9 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 11.3 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.05 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 2,720 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 9.8 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 371 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 68.7 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 141 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 51.0 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 49.0 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 672 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 123.8 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 97 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 58 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) 52 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) 67 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 26 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) 14 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) 44 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 137 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 86 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 22.8 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.5 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 0.9 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 9.7 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.1 –1.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 199 Suriname Population (thousands) 529 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 156 GDP ($ billions) 4.3 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 7,840 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 6,037 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 69.7 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 1 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 4,048 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,133 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 94.6 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 11.6 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 26 Threatened species, higher plants 26 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 34.5 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 8.3 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 22.9 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 510 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,400 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.8 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 166,220 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.8 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 93 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 92 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 81 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 97 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 83 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 66 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 90 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 19 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 30 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.4 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 8.5 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.8 19.2 200 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 1.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Swaziland 17 GDP ($ billions) 4.1 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,470 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,348 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 21.3 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.7 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 71 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,213 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,148 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 33.0 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.8 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 3.0 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 6 Threatened species, birds 11 Threatened species, fish 4 Threatened species, higher plants 3 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.29 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.4 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 7.8 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 415 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.0 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,472 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 39.5 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 97 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 71 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) 65 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) 91 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 57 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) 55 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) 64 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 29 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 8 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 13 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 104 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) –0.5 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.8 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.9 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –5.1 –1.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 201 Sweden Population (millions) 9.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 410 GDP ($ billions) 539.7 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 53,170 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 50,463 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 85.2 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.6 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 7 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 2.0 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 51,585 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,716 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 68.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.3 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 10.9 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 1 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 12 Threatened species, higher plants 4 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 195 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.5 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.9 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 5.3 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 5,468 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 23.2 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 14,939 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 4.5 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 44.7 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.7 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 18,097 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.5 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 4 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 10 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 3 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 25.8 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.7 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.2 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 18.7 6.6 202 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Switzerland 7.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 40 GDP ($ billions) 659.3 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 76,350 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 73,014 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 73.7 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.8 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 38 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 2.4 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 6,680 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 31.1 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 24.9 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 3 Threatened species, fish 9 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 2.9 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –3.0 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.8 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,349 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 8.9 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 8,175 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 1.7 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 54.6 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.4 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,106 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 6.5 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 2 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 20 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 4 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 31.3 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.5 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.3 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 21.9 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 203 Syrian Arab Republic Population (millions) 20.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 184 GDP ($ billions) 59.1 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,750 3,866 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 2,134 3,285 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 56.1 58.9 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.1 2.5 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 75 23 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 10.1 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 2,627 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,680 2,475 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 2.7 2.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.3 –0.1 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.6 3.9 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 16 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 34 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 12.9 3,538 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.3 2.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.3 13.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.63 2.0 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 5,700 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 217 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,063 1,372 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 0.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,905 1,658 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 94.4 92.9 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 5.6 5.4 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.3 4.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 343 673 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 235.0 122.1 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 88 86 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 90 89 87 Rural (% of rural population) 86 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 93 94 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 95 88 47 Rural (% of rural population) 93 80 35 Urban (% of urban population) 96 94 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 54 59 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 32 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.4 27.0 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.5 10.8 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.6 4.5 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 13.2 15.2 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.6 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.0 0.9 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –5.7 6.1 14.7 204 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 7.0 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Tajikistan 140 GDP ($ billions) 6.5 Europe & Central Low- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 870 7,734 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 832 6,652 521 Urban population (% of total) 26.6 64.7 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.5 0.3 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 35 28 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 14.8 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 600 3,374 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,519 2,740 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 2.9 38.7 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 4.1 7.5 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 12 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 13 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.70 5,790 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –2.7 –2.9 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –8.7 –0.5 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 10.4 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 336 3,015 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 2.0 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,004 4,059 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 3.4 65.4 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 96.6 18.8 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.4 7.1 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,096 12,498 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 18.1 6.3 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 60 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 64 96 65 Rural (% of rural population) 54 91 57 Urban (% of urban population) 92 99 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 94 84 37 Rural (% of rural population) 94 81 32 Urban (% of urban population) 95 87 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 29 21 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 63 21 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 23.5 26.1 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.7 12.3 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.2 3.6 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 9.3 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.7 0.8 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.7 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.3 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.1 6.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 205 Tanzania Population (millions) 46.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 886 GDP ($ billions) 23.9 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 540 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 462 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 26.7 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.5 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 42 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 291 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,361 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 37.3 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.1 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 27.5 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 35 Threatened species, birds 44 Threatened species, fish 175 Threatened species, higher plants 295 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 351 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.9 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 8.2 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 10.0 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) 3,580 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1,287 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 448 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 88.4 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 78 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 42.0 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 58.0 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,817 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 6.2 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 89 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 53 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 44 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 79 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 10 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 7 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 20 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 19 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 4 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 15 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 68 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 20.6 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.8 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.4 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 4.0 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 10.5 –1.2 15.2 206 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 69.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Thailand 511 GDP ($ billions) 345.7 Upper East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,440 4,248 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 4,098 3,884 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 34.1 48.6 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.6 3.6 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 41 48 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 743 610 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,065 5,050 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 37.2 29.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 20.1 15.0 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 57 Threatened species, birds 47 Threatened species, fish 96 Threatened species, higher plants 116 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 2,870 101,299 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.4 3.4 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.1 9.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 4.4 1.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 2,130 137,690 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 2,484 56,537 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,699 1,520 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 19.2 10.9 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,243 2,337 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 94.4 79.8 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 3.5 16.5 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.0 4.6 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,229 4,446 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 25.5 10.9 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 73 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 96 90 93 Rural (% of rural population) 95 84 86 Urban (% of urban population) 97 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 66 73 Rural (% of rural population) 96 58 62 Urban (% of urban population) 95 76 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 53 55 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 12 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 32.3 49.3 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.3 11.0 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.1 2.1 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.3 4.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 1.7 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.7 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 1.1 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 20.8 32.2 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 207 Timor-Leste Population (millions) 1.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 15 GDP ($ billions) 1.1 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,730 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 28.3 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.6 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 24 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,252 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 49.1 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.4 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 6.1 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 4 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 5 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 4.7 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 6.7 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 18.0 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 58 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 6,986 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 14.3 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 69 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 60 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 91 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 47 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 37 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 73 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 2 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 16 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 54 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 2.3 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.3 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 32.2 14.7 208 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 6.2 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Togo 54 GDP ($ billions) 3.6 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 570 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 515 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 38.0 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.8 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 68 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 364 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,226 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 4.9 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 5.1 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 11.3 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 23 Threatened species, higher plants 10 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 24.1 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.0 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.5 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.0 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) 10.9 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 446 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 82.7 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 107 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 23.8 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 74.6 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.3 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,868 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.5 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 45 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 61 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 40 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 89 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 13 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 3 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 26 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 27 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 110 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.3 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.0 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.4 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.9 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 1.8 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.3 –1.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 209 Tonga Population (thousands) 105 Land area (sq. km) 720 GDP ($ millions) 433.9 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,820 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,804 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 23.5 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.6 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 43 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,278 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 12.5 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 14.5 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 5 Threatened species, fish 12 Threatened species, higher plants 2 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 2.1 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 9.4 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,500 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 3.4 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 567 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.7 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 100 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 100 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 96 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 96 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 98 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 3.8 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.4 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 32.2 14.7 210 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Trinidad and Tobago 1.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 5.1 GDP ($ billions) 22.5 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 15,840 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 8,278 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 13.7 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 1,835 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,416 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 44.0 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.3 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 31.2 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 25 Threatened species, higher plants 1 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 13.9 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.6 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.2 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 2.8 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) <100 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 65.7 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 15,913 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.1 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,894 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 35.8 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,852 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 6.0 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 9 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 100 Rural (% of rural population) 93 98 Urban (% of urban population) 98 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 92 100 Rural (% of rural population) 92 99 Urban (% of urban population) 92 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 97 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 28 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 35.6 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.2 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.0 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 30.9 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.5 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –24.6 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 211 Tunisia Population (millions) 10.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 155 GDP ($ billions) 46.4 Middle Upper East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,020 3,866 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,451 3,285 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 66.3 58.9 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.9 2.5 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 65 23 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 3.8 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,160 2,627 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,712 2,475 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 6.6 2.4 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.9 –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.3 3.9 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 13 Threatened species, birds 7 Threatened species, fish 35 Threatened species, higher plants 6 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 111 3,538 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.7 2.4 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 10.4 13.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.2 2.0 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 5,700 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 217 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 913 1,372 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 14.0 0.9 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,350 1,658 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 98.8 92.9 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.3 5.4 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.4 4.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 393 673 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 67.9 122.1 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 76 86 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 94 89 93 Rural (% of rural population) 84 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 99 94 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 85 88 73 Rural (% of rural population) 64 80 62 Urban (% of urban population) 96 94 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 23 59 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 16 32 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.8 27.0 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 11.3 10.8 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 6.0 4.5 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 4.0 15.2 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.1 0.6 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.4 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.9 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 5.7 6.1 19.2 212 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 73.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Turkey 770 GDP ($ billions) 775.0 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 10,410 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 9,104 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 71.4 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.4 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 50 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 13.6 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 4,035 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,958 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 14.9 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.1 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 1.9 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 17 Threatened species, birds 16 Threatened species, fish 70 Threatened species, higher plants 7 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 704 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.5 –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 18.1 –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 2.4 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,445 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.3 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,477 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 73.6 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 24.5 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 3.9 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 3,083 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 17.7 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 74 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 99 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 90 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 75 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 97 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 35 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 14.3 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.1 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.6 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.3 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.1 6.2 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 213 Turkmenistan Population (millions) 5.1 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 470 GDP ($ billions) 28.1 Europe & Upper Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,800 7,734 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 6,652 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 48.7 64.7 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.9 0.3 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 69 28 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,156 3,374 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,564 2,740 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 8.8 38.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 3.0 7.5 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 16 Threatened species, fish 11 Threatened species, higher plants 4 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 15.0 5,790 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.8 –2.9 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –21.0 –0.5 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 10.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 4,226 3,015 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 2.0 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,403 4,059 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 65.4 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 18.8 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 9.7 7.1 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 275 12,498 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1,989.3 6.3 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 94 60 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 84 96 93 Rural (% of rural population) 72 91 86 Urban (% of urban population) 97 99 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 84 73 Rural (% of rural population) 97 81 62 Urban (% of urban population) 99 87 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 36 21 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 53 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 26.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.0 12.3 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 3.6 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 34.9 9.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 2.1 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.2 19.2 214 2013 The Little Green Data Book Turks and Caicos Islands Population (thousands) 39 Land area (sq. km) 950 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 93.7 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.9 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 1 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 36.2 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 42.9 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 2 Threatened species, fish 18 Threatened species, higher plants 7 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 3.8 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.1 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.95 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 730 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 236 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.3 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) 98 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 215 Tuvalu Population (thousands) 10 Land area (sq. km) 30 GDP ($ millions) 35.8 Upper East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 4,950 4,248 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 3,884 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 50.6 48.6 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.5 3.6 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 60 48 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,764 610 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,050 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 33.3 29.7 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.4 15.0 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 10 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 8.3 101,299 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 14.1 3.4 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 9.1 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.19 1.4 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 710 137,690 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 0.40 56,537 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,520 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 4.6 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,446 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.9 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 73 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 90 93 Rural (% of rural population) 97 84 86 Urban (% of urban population) 98 97 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 85 66 73 Rural (% of rural population) 81 58 62 Urban (% of urban population) 88 76 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 55 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 30 21 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 49.3 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 6.8 11.0 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 2.1 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.7 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 1.1 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 32.2 19.2 216 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 34.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Uganda 200 GDP ($ billions) 16.8 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 510 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 415 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 15.6 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 4.8 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 70 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 200 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,099 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 14.5 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 2.6 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 10.3 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals 22 Threatened species, birds 22 Threatened species, fish 61 Threatened species, higher plants 37 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 523 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.8 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 42.3 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.1 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,130 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 0.8 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 38 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 72 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 68 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 95 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 34 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 34 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 34 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 10 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 23 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 26 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 90 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 21.3 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 7.8 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.0 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 5.0 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 11.2 –1.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 217 Ukraine Population (millions) 45.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 579 GDP ($ billions) 165.2 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 3,130 7,734 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 3,016 6,652 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 68.9 64.7 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.5 0.3 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 71 28 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 5.3 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 3,039 3,374 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,754 2,740 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 16.8 38.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.2 0.0 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 3.5 7.5 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 14 Threatened species, fish 21 Threatened species, higher plants 17 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 204 5,790 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –7.2 –2.9 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –5.7 –0.5 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 4.9 10.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,845 3,015 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.1 2.0 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,550 4,059 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 45.6 65.4 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 7.0 18.8 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 5.9 7.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 1,162 12,498 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 72.5 6.3 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 51 60 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 98 96 87 Rural (% of rural population) 98 91 84 Urban (% of urban population) 98 99 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 94 84 47 Rural (% of rural population) 89 81 35 Urban (% of urban population) 96 87 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 15 21 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 10 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 16.4 26.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.7 12.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.9 3.6 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 3.9 9.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.8 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 1.5 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 6.1 6.2 14.7 218 2013 The Little Green Data Book United Arab Emirates Population (millions) 7.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 84 GDP ($ billions) 360.2 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 40,760 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 84.3 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 7.3 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 5 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 19.1 .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,625 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 3.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.2 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 5.6 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 7 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 13 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 75.3 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.1 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 2.6 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,190 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 68.2 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 8,271 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 11,044 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 22.6 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 19 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 2,665.3 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 83 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 98 100 Rural (% of rural population) 95 99 Urban (% of urban population) 98 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 89 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 7 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 14.1 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 15.1 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 219 United Kingdom Population (millions) 62.7 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 242 GDP ($ billions) 2,445.4 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 37,780 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 33,456 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 79.6 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.5 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 71 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 6,985 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 11.9 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.3 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 26.4 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 5 Threatened species, birds 4 Threatened species, fish 43 Threatened species, higher plants 11 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 782 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.2 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 6.2 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 5.7 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 3,252 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 2.9 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 5,733 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 76.4 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 1.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 7.7 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 2,311 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 9.0 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 10 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 100 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 13 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 5 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 12.7 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.7 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.1 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.3 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 2.7 6.6 220 2013 The Little Green Data Book United States Population (millions) 311.6 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 9,147 GDP ($ billions) 14,991.3 High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 48,620 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 41,448 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 82.4 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.5 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 45 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 51,370 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 6,818 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 33.3 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.1 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 12.4 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 36 Threatened species, birds 79 Threatened species, fish 185 Threatened species, higher plants 232 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 5,560 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.4 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.1 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 28.6 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,250 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 3,030 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 7,164 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 4.1 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 13,394 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 70.3 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 6.0 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 17.3 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 9,044 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 17.0 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 40 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 99 100 Rural (% of rural population) 94 98 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 100 Rural (% of rural population) 99 99 Urban (% of urban population) 100 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 18 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 8 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 11.5 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 13.9 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.8 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.0 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 0.9 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 221 Uruguay Population (millions) 3.4 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 175 GDP ($ billions) 46.7 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 11,860 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 11,669 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 92.5 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.6 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 82 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 1.4 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 9,064 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,587 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 10.2 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –2.1 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.3 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 11 Threatened species, birds 24 Threatened species, fish 36 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 89.1 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.1 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 16.8 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.33 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,241 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 30.9 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 2,763 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 11.0 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 80.2 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 2.4 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 17,515 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 6.2 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 87 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 100 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 100 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 100 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 99 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 100 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 112 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 10 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 17.0 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.8 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.3 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.1 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 1.8 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 4.1 6.8 19.2 222 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 29.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Uzbekistan 425 GDP ($ billions) 45.4 Europe & Lower Central middle- Country Asia income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,510 7,734 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,182 6,652 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 36.2 64.7 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.2 0.3 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 63 28 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,904 3,374 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 4,771 2,740 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 7.7 38.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.2 0.0 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 2.3 7.5 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 10 Threatened species, birds 16 Threatened species, fish 7 Threatened species, higher plants 17 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 10.7 5,790 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –0.9 –2.9 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –5.5 –0.5 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 10.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. .. 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. .. 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 1,533 3,015 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 0.0 2.0 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,648 4,059 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 79.0 65.4 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 21.0 18.8 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 4.2 7.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 557 12,498 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 342.7 6.3 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 90 60 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 87 96 87 Rural (% of rural population) 81 91 84 Urban (% of urban population) 98 99 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 100 84 47 Rural (% of rural population) 100 81 35 Urban (% of urban population) 100 87 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 31 21 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 49 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 26.1 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.9 12.3 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 9.4 3.6 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 11.4 9.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 6.1 0.8 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 2.5 0.7 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.3 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.2 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 223 Vanuatu Population (thousands) 246 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 12 GDP ($ millions) 760.0 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 2,730 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 2,695 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 24.9 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.8 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 15 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 2,164 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 559 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 36.1 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 4.3 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 8 Threatened species, birds 9 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 8 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 56.4 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 1.4 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.05 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 4,110 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 20.5 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 157 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.5 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 90 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 87 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 98 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 57 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 54 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 64 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 14 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 13 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 19.6 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.5 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 5.2 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 14.3 32.2 14.7 224 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) Venezuela, RB 29.3 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 882 GDP ($ billions) 316.5 Latin Upper America & middle- Country Caribbean income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 11,820 8,574 6,563 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 7,045 7,648 5,821 Urban population (% of total) 93.5 79.1 60.6 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.4 2.0 2.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 24 37 35 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 8,447 3,448 869 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 3,601 3,838 3,944 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 52.1 46.8 34.8 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.6 0.4 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 53.8 20.2 13.3 Threatened species, mammals 32 Threatened species, birds 40 Threatened species, fish 37 Threatened species, higher plants 68 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 248 19,009 97,437 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –1.8 0.1 0.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 17.4 11.8 9.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 15.3 13.1 8.4 Coral reef area (sq. km) 480 15,100 33,350 Mangroves area (sq. km) 3,569 39,997 48,783 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 2,669 1,312 1,948 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.2 16.7 8.1 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 3,287 1,973 2,942 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 35.1 39.0 72.9 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 64.9 53.7 21.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 6.5 2.7 5.5 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 24,674 22,810 8,550 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 1.3 2.0 5.6 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 44 68 66 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 93 94 93 Rural (% of rural population) 75 81 86 Urban (% of urban population) 94 98 98 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 91 79 73 Rural (% of rural population) 57 59 62 Urban (% of urban population) 94 84 81 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 10 28 42 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 15 19 20 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 31.4 21.1 36.4 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 12.3 12.2 11.8 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 3.6 5.0 3.3 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 20.2 4.5 5.7 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.6 1.9 1.6 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.0 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.2 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.0 0.3 0.7 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 1.4 6.8 19.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 225 Vietnam Population (millions) 87.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 310 GDP ($ billions) 123.6 Lower East Asia middle- Country & Pacific income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,270 4,248 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 1,083 3,884 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 31.0 48.6 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.4 3.6 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 35 48 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 378 610 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 5,383 5,050 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 45.0 29.7 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –1.6 –0.4 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 6.2 15.0 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 54 Threatened species, birds 45 Threatened species, fish 73 Threatened species, higher plants 141 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 5,555 101,299 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.7 3.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 15.0 9.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.7 1.4 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 1,270 137,690 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 1,056 56,537 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 681 1,520 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 24.8 10.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,035 2,337 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 70.9 79.8 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 29.0 16.5 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.7 4.6 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 4,092 4,446 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 22.8 10.9 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 95 73 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 95 90 87 Rural (% of rural population) 93 84 84 Urban (% of urban population) 99 97 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 76 66 47 Rural (% of rural population) 68 58 35 Urban (% of urban population) 94 76 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 54 55 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 22 21 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 34.7 49.3 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.6 11.0 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.8 2.1 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 9.1 4.3 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.4 1.7 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.2 0.0 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.9 0.9 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.6 1.1 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 16.8 32.2 14.7 226 2013 The Little Green Data Book Virgin Islands (U.S.) Population (thousands) 110 Land area (sq. km) 350 GDP ($ millions) .. High- Country income data group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 39,860 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 34,611 Urban population (% of total) 95.4 80.5 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.7 1.1 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 11 37 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 26,515 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) .. 5,349 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 57.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.8 0.0 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 15.2 12.9 Threatened species, mammals 2 Threatened species, birds 1 Threatened species, fish 15 Threatened species, higher plants 12 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 0.82 28,774 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.8 –1.7 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 1.8 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 0.64 16.5 Coral reef area (sq. km) 200 81,970 Mangroves area (sq. km) 2.6 15,496 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 5,000 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 4.4 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 9,415 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 62.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 11.2 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) .. 11.4 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) .. 8,195 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) .. 10.3 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) .. 41 Access to improved water source (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 98 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) .. 100 Rural (% of rural population) .. 99 Urban (% of urban population) .. 100 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 22 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) .. 6 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 17.9 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 13.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.6 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.0 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.2 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.1 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.6 The Little Green Data Book 2013 227 West Bank and Gaza Population (millions) 3.9 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 6.0 GDP ($ millions) .. Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) .. 3,866 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) .. 3,285 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 74.4 58.9 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.7 2.5 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 43 23 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 4.9 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) .. 2,627 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,536 2,475 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.5 2.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) –0.1 –0.1 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.6 3.9 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 3 Threatened species, birds 10 Threatened species, fish 0 Threatened species, higher plants 0 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) .. 3,538 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 2.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 13.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 2.0 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 5,700 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 217 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) .. 1,372 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) .. 0.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) .. 1,658 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) .. 92.9 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) .. 5.4 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.6 4.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 207 673 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 51.5 122.1 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 45 86 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 85 89 87 Rural (% of rural population) 81 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 86 94 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 92 88 47 Rural (% of rural population) 92 80 35 Urban (% of urban population) 92 94 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) .. 59 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 22 32 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 27.0 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) .. 10.8 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) .. 4.5 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) .. 15.2 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.6 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) .. 0.1 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) .. 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) .. 0.9 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. 6.1 14.7 228 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 24.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Yemen, Rep. 528 GDP ($ billions) 33.8 Middle Lower East & middle- Country N. Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,070 3,866 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 943 3,285 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 32.3 58.9 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 5.5 2.5 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 44 23 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) 3.3 .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 749 2,627 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 1,127 2,475 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 1.0 2.4 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.0 –0.1 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 0.5 3.9 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 24 Threatened species, higher plants 159 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 157 3,538 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 3.4 2.4 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) .. 13.1 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) 1.8 2.0 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) 700 5,700 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) 9.3 217 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 298 1,372 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 1.5 0.9 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 249 1,658 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 100.0 92.9 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 0.0 5.4 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 1.0 4.1 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 85 673 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 169.8 122.1 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 91 86 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 55 89 87 Rural (% of rural population) 47 81 84 Urban (% of urban population) 72 94 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 53 88 47 Rural (% of rural population) 34 80 35 Urban (% of urban population) 93 94 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 34 59 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) .. .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 77 32 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 8.8 27.0 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 9.8 10.8 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 4.1 4.5 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 15.6 15.2 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.6 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.1 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.5 0.6 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.3 0.9 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) –10.0 6.1 14.7 The Little Green Data Book 2013 229 Zambia Population (millions) 13.5 Land area (1,000 sq. km) 743 GDP ($ billions) 19.2 Sub- Lower Saharan middle- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 1,160 1,258 1,772 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 949 1,022 1,595 Urban population (% of total) 39.2 36.5 38.7 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.5 3.8 2.7 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 32 44 46 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 264 334 716 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 2,359 1,361 3,065 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 66.3 27.8 28.4 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 0.3 0.5 0.3 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 36.0 11.7 9.9 Threatened species, mammals 9 Threatened species, birds 15 Threatened species, fish 20 Threatened species, higher plants 10 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 79.9 6,383 40,238 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 0.3 1.8 2.4 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 9.9 16.0 10.0 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 2.9 Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 143,440 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 60,301 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 628 683 667 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 80.2 58.2 26.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 623 553 698 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 0.3 65.2 73.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 99.7 18.7 17.4 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.2 0.9 1.6 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 5,952 4,455 3,121 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 2.2 3.2 20.2 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 76 84 88 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 61 61 87 Rural (% of rural population) 46 48 84 Urban (% of urban population) 87 83 93 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 48 31 47 Rural (% of rural population) 43 23 35 Urban (% of urban population) 57 42 66 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 27 41 53 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 5 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 16 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 83 109 62 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) 30.3 18.4 29.7 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 10.0 10.9 9.9 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 1.3 3.7 3.1 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 10.4 6.3 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 17.5 2.2 1.2 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 0.3 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.1 0.5 0.7 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.4 0.6 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) 3.8 –1.2 14.7 230 2013 The Little Green Data Book Population (millions) 12.8 Land area (1,000 sq. km) Zimbabwe 387 GDP ($ billions) 9.7 Sub- Saharan Low- Country Africa income data group group GNI per capita, World Bank Atlas method ($) 660 1,258 571 Adjusted net national income per capita ($) 671 1,022 521 Urban population (% of total) 38.6 36.5 28.0 Urban population growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 2.3 3.8 3.5 Agriculture Agricultural land (% land area) 42 44 39 Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land) .. .. .. Agricultural productivity, value added per worker (2000 $) 167 334 308 Cereal yield (kg per hectare) 820 1,361 2,034 Forests and biodiversity Forest area (% land area) 39.5 27.8 25.7 Deforestation (avg. annual %, 2000–2010) 1.9 0.5 0.6 Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area) 28.0 11.7 10.0 Threatened species, mammals .. Threatened species, birds .. Threatened species, fish 3 Threatened species, higher plants 14 Oceans Total fisheries production (thousand metric tons) 18.1 6,383 11,563 Capture fisheries growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) –4.2 1.8 4.0 Aquaculture growth (avg. annual %, 1990–2011) 20.3 16.0 4.9 Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters) .. 5.8 .. Coral reef area (sq. km) .. 17,980 15,120 Mangroves area (sq. km) .. 27,808 25,818 Energy and emissions Energy use per capita (kg oil equivalent) 764 683 363 Energy from biomass products and waste (% of total) 65.2 58.2 66.2 Electric power consumption per capita (kWh) 1,022 553 242 Electricity generated using fossil fuel (% of total) 49.8 65.2 32.0 Electricity generated by hydropower (% of total) 50.2 18.7 45.3 CO2 emissions per capita (metric tons) 0.7 0.9 0.3 Water and sanitation Internal freshwater resources per capita (cu. m) 961 4,455 5,125 Total freshwater withdrawal (% of internal resources) 34.3 3.2 4.5 Agriculture (% of total freshwater withdrawal) 79 84 90 Access to improved water source (% of total population) 80 61 65 Rural (% of rural population) 69 48 57 Urban (% of urban population) 98 83 86 Access to improved sanitation (% of total population) 40 31 37 Rural (% of rural population) 32 23 32 Urban (% of urban population) 52 42 47 Environment and health Particulate matter (urban-pop.-weighted avg., μg/cu. m) 34 41 54 Acute resp. infection prevalence (% of children under five) 11 .. .. Diarrhea prevalence (% of children under five) 12 .. .. Under-five mortality rate (per 1,000 live births) 67 109 95 National accounting aggregates—savings, depletion and degradation Gross savings (% of GNI) .. 18.4 25.2 Consumption of fixed capital (% of GNI) 8.3 10.9 7.7 Education expenditure (% of GNI) 2.5 3.7 3.0 Energy depletion (% of GNI) 1.8 10.4 1.4 Mineral depletion (% of GNI) 1.6 2.2 2.0 Net forest depletion (% of GNI) 0.0 0.5 1.2 CO2 damage (% of GNI) 0.8 0.5 0.3 Particulate emissions damage (% of GNI) 0.2 0.4 0.5 Adjusted net savings (% of GNI) .. –1.2 15.2 The Little Green Data Book 2013 231 Notes a. Refers to area free from ice. b. Excludes South Sudan. c. Excludes South Sudan after July 9, 2011 232 2013 The Little Green Data Book Glossary Access to improved sanitation is the percentage of population with adequate access to excreta disposal facilities (private or shared, but not public) that can effectively prevent human, animal, and insect contact with excreta. Improved facilities range from simple but protected pit latrines to flush toilets with a sewerage connection. To be effective, facilities must be correctly constructed and properly maintained. (World Health Organization; data are for 2010) Access to improved water source is the percentage of the population with reasonable access to an adequate amount of water from an improved source, such as piped water into a dwelling, plot, or yard; public tap or standpipe; tube-well or borehole; protected dug well or spring; or rainwater collection. Unimproved sources include an unprotected dug well or spring, cart with small tank or drum, bottled water, and tanker trucks. Reasonable access to an adequate amount means the availability of at least 20 liters a person a day from a source within 1 kilometer of the dwelling. (World Health Organization; data are for 2010) Acute respiratory infection prevalence is the percentage of children under age five with acute respiratory infection in the two weeks prior to the survey. (United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for the most recent year available during 2005–10) Adjusted net national income equals gross national income minus consumption of fixed capital, energy depletion, mineral depletion, and net forest depletion. (World Bank; data are for 2011) Adjusted net savings equal gross savings minus consumption of fixed capital, plus education expenditures, minus energy depletion, mineral depletion, net forest depletion, and particulate emissions and carbon dioxide damage. (World Bank; data are for 2011) Agricultural irrigated land refers to agricultural areas purposely provided with water, including land irrigated by controlled flooding. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2011) Agricultural land is arable land, land under permanent crops, and permanent pastures. Arable land includes land defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations as land under temporary crops (double- cropped areas are counted once), temporary meadows for mowing or for pasture, land under market or kitchen gardens, and land temporarily fallow. Land abandoned as a result of shifting cultivation is excluded. Land under permanent crops is land cultivated with crops that occupy the land for long periods and need not be replanted after each harvest, such as cocoa, coffee, and rubber. This category includes land under flowering shrubs, fruit trees, nut trees, and vines but excludes land under trees grown for wood or timber. Permanent pasture is land used for five or more years for forage, including natural and cultivated crops. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2011) Agricultural productivity is the ratio of agricultural value added, measured in 2000 U.S. dollars, to the number of workers in agriculture. Agricultural The Little Green Data Book 2013 233 Glossary productivity is measured by value added per unit of input. Agricultural value added includes that from forestry and fishing. Thus interpretations of land productivity should be made with caution. (Food and Agriculture Organization and World Bank; data are for 2011) Aquaculture growth is the exponential change in aquaculture fisheries production for the period indicated. Aquaculture is understood to mean the farming of aquatic organisms including fish, molluscs, crustaceans, and aquatic plants. Aquaculture production specifically refers to output from aquaculture activities, which are designated for final harvest for consumption. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 1990–2011) Capture fisheries growth is the exponential change in capture fisheries production for the period indicated. Capture fisheries production contains the volume of fish catches landed by a country for all commercial, industrial, recreational, and subsistence purposes. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 1990–2011) Carbon dioxide (CO2) damage is estimated at $20 per ton of carbon (the unit damage in 1995 U.S. dollars) times the number of tons of carbon emitted. (World Bank estimates; data are for 2011) Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions per capita are carbon dioxide emissions divided by midyear population. (Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, World Bank, and United Nations; data are for 2009) Cereal yield, measured as kilograms per hectare of harvested land, includes wheat, rice, maize, barley, oats, rye, millet, sorghum, buckwheat, and mixed grains. Production data on cereals relate to crops harvested for dry grain only. Cereal crops harvested for hay or harvested green for food, feed, or silage and those used for grazing are excluded. The FAO allocates production data to the calendar year in which the bulk of the harvest took place. Most of a crop harvested near the end of a year will be used in the following year. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2011) Consumption of fixed capital is the replacement value of capital used up in the process of production. (United Nations; data are extrapolated to 2011 from the most recent year available) Coral reef area is a country’s area of coral reefs, which are shallow marine habitats defined both by a physical structure (corals) and by the organisms found on them. (See The World Atlas of Coral Reefs (2001), UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre) Deforestation is the permanent conversion of natural forest area to other uses, including shifting cultivation, permanent agriculture, ranching, settlements, and infrastructure development. Deforested areas do not include areas logged but intended for regeneration or areas degraded by fuel-wood gathering, acid precipitation, or forest fires. Negative numbers 234 2013 The Little Green Data Book Glossary indicate an increase in forest areas. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2000–2010) Diarrhea prevalence is the percentage of children under age five who had diarrhea in the two weeks prior to the survey. (United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for the most recent year available during 2005–10) Education expenditure is public current operating expenditures in education, including wages and salaries and excluding capital investments in buildings and equipment. (United Nations; data are extrapolated to 2011 from the most recent year available) Electric power consumption per capita is the production of power plants and combined heat and power plants, minus transmission, distribution, and transformation losses and own use by heat and power plants plus imports minus exports divided by midyear population. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2010) Electricity generated by hydropower is use of hydropower as a percentage of total inputs to the generation of electricity. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2010) Electricity generated using fossil fuel is use of coal, oil, and gas as a percentage of total inputs to the generation of electricity. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2010) Energy depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of energy resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers crude oil, natural gas, and coal. (See World Bank 2011 for details; data are for 2011) Energy from biomass products and waste is energy from solid biomass, liquid biomass, biogas, industrial waste, and municipal waste as a percentage of total energy use. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2010) Energy use per capita refers to apparent consumption, which is equal to indigenous production plus imports and stock changes, minus exports and fuels supplied to ships and aircraft engaged in international transport. (International Energy Agency; data are for 2010) Fisheries production, total, contains the volume of aquatic species caught by a country for all commercial, industrial, recreational, and subsistence purposes. The harvest from mariculture, aquaculture, and other types of fish farming is also included. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2011) Forest area is land under natural or planted stands of trees, whether productive or not. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2011) Freshwater withdrawal, agriculture, is withdrawals for irrigation and livestock production as a percentage of total freshwater withdrawal. (World Resources Institute; data are for various years; for details see World Development Indicators 2013, Primary data documentation.) The Little Green Data Book 2013 235 Glossary Freshwater withdrawal, total, is total water withdrawal, excluding evaporation losses from storage basins and including water from desalination plants in countries where they are a significant source. Withdrawals can exceed 100 percent of internal renewable resources because river flows from other countries are not included, because extraction from nonrenewable aquifers or desalination plants is considerable, or because there is significant water reuse. (Food and Agriculture Organization and World Resources Institute; data are for various years; for details see World Development Indicators 2013, Primary data documentation.) GDP is gross domestic product and measures the total output of goods and services for final use occurring within the domestic territory of a given country, regardless of the allocation to domestic and foreign claims. GDP at purchaser values (market prices) is the sum of gross value added by all resident and nonresident producers in the economy plus any taxes and minus any subsidies not included in the value of the products. It is calculated without deductions for depreciation of fabricated assets or for depletion and degradation of natural resources. (World Bank, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and United Nations; data are for 2011) GNI is gross domestic product plus net receipts of primary income (employee compensation and property income) from abroad. GNI per capita is in current U.S. dollars, converted using the World Bank Atlas method (see World Development Indicators 2013, Statistical methods). (World Bank, Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, and United Nations; data are for 2011) GNI per capita is gross national income (GNI) divided by midyear population. Gross savings are calculated as gross national income less total consumption, plus net transfers. (World Bank and Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development; data are for 2011) Internal freshwater resources per capita are internal renewable resources, which include flows of rivers and groundwater from rainfall in the country but excludes river flows from other countries, divided by midyear population. (Refers to data reported to the Food and Agriculture Organization as of 2011) Land area is a country’s total land area, excluding area under inland water bodies, national claims to continental shelf, and exclusive economic zones. In most cases the definition of inland water bodies includes major rivers and lakes. (Food and Agriculture Organization; data are for 2011) Mangroves area is a country’s total area of mangroves, which are plants of a variety of different species, including trees, shrubs, palms, and ferns, that grow in the tropics and subtropics in saline inter-tidal coastal habitats, such as estuaries and shorelines. (See The World Atlas of Mangroves (2010), International Society for Mangrove Ecosystems, The Nature Conservancy, Food and Agriculture Organization, UNEP-World Conservation Monitoring Centre) 236 2013 The Little Green Data Book Glossary Marine protected areas are areas of intertidal or subtidal terrain—and overlying water and associated flora and fauna and historical and cultural features—that have been reserved by law or other effective means to protect part or all of the enclosed environment. (United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the World Resources Institute; data are for 2010) Mineral depletion is the ratio of the value of the stock of mineral resources to the remaining reserve lifetime (capped at 25 years). It covers bauxite, copper, iron, lead, nickel, phosphate, tin, gold, silver, and zinc. (See World Bank 2011 for details; data are for 2011) Net forest depletion is the product of unit resource rents and the excess of round-wood harvest over natural growth. If growth exceeds harvest, this figure is zero. (Food and Agriculture Organization and World Bank estimates of natural growth; data are for 2011) Particulate emissions damage is calculated as the willingness to pay to reduce the risk of illness and death attributable to particulate emissions. (World Bank estimates; data are for 2010) Particulate matter is fine suspended particulates of less than 10 microns in diameter that are capable of penetrating deep into the respiratory tract and causing damage. The indicator is the population-weighted average of all cities in the country with a population greater than 100,000. (World Bank estimates; data are for 2010) Population includes all residents who are present regardless of legal status or citizenship except for refugees not permanently settled in the country of asylum, who are generally considered part of the population of their country of origin. (United Nations; data are midyear estimates for 2011) Terrestrial protected areas are totally or partially protected areas of at least 1,000 hectares that are designated as national parks, natural monuments, nature reserves, or wildlife sanctuaries; protected landscapes and seascapes; and scientific reserves. It includes World Conservation Union–protected area categories I–VI. (United Nations Environmental Program and the World Conservation Monitoring Centre, as compiled by the World Resources Institute; data are for 2010) Threatened species, birds, are the number of species of birds classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. Birds are listed for countries included within their breeding or wintering ranges. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and IUCN; data are for 2012) Threatened species, fish, are the number of species of fish—cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates of the superclass Pisces—classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and IUCN; data are for 2012) The Little Green Data Book 2013 237 Glossary Threatened species, higher plants, are the number of native vascular plant species classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and IUCN; data are for 2012) Threatened species, mammals , are the number of species of mammals— excluding whales and porpoises—classified by the IUCN as endangered, vulnerable, rare, indeterminate, out of danger, or insufficiently known. (World Conservation Monitoring Centre and IUCN; data are for 2012) Under-five mortality rate is the probability that a newborn baby will die before reaching age five if subject to current age-specific mortality rates. (United Nations and United Nations Children’s Fund; data are for 2011) Urban population is the share of the midyear population living in areas defined as urban in each country. (United Nations; data are for 2011) Urban population growth is the exponential change in urban population for the period indicated. (United Nations; data are for 1990–2011) 238 2013 The Little Green Data Book References World Bank 2011. The Changing Wealth of Nations: Measuring Sustainable Development in the New Millennium. Washington, D.C.: World Bank. World Bank 2013. World Development Indicators 2013. Washington, D.C.: World Bank. The Little Green Data Book 2013 239