THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN STRENGTHENING CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE AGAINST NATIONAL HAZARDS PROJECT P158298 RESETTLEMENT ACTION PLAN The social impact of rehabilitation of bridges (First Phase) Dushanbe, 2019 Abbreviations DP Displaced person DPR Detailed project report FGD Focus group discussions CAC Commission for Conflict Resolution SCINHP Strengthening Critical Infrastructure against Natural Hazards Project PAP Person affected by the project HAP Household affected by the project PIU Project Implementation Unit RAP Resettlement Action Plan RFD Resettlement Policy Framework SIA Social Impact Assessment TJS Somoni (national currency) WB World Bank Introduction The Government of the Republic of Tajikistan and the World Bank are working closely to ensure the sustainability of critical infrastructure to the natural hazards. In order to accomplish these objectives, the World Bank provides funding for the implementation of development strategy, obtaining expert analysis, and implementing specific projects, such as feasibility study and detailed technical projects, construction of infrastructure to protect from floods, mainly in the areas of GBAO (Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region) and Khatlon regions, which were affected by the flood in July 2015. Sectoral Context Floods are the most frequent risk factor and carry a huge threat for Tajikistan, affecting not only mountainous and hilly rural areas, which are sparsely populated, but also large urban areas. Generally, the floods occur in the spring, after heavy rains or during snowmelt in summer time. However, due to the variability of precipitation and climate change, non-seasonal floods are expected to be among the extreme events that the country will face. For example, in July 2015 devastating floods and mudflows occurred throughout Tajikistan, as the result of unusually high temperature, causing increased glacier melting. According to the estimates of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan, the economic losses due to the floods in July 2015 were in the range of 100 million US dollars, which is about 1.1% of Tajikistan’s GDP (Gross domestic product). Brief information about the Project / about SCINHP 1. The Government of the Republic of Tajikistan (RT), with support of the World Bank, has decided to launch SCINHP, aiming to implement long-term disaster risk management program. SCINHP consists of 4 components: 1. Capacity building in Disaster risk management (DRM) in Tajikistan; 2. Ensuring sustainability of critical infrastructure to natural hazards; This component will finance capital works and contingency planning (for example, emergency equipment) for the transport network in GBAO, which was seriously damaged in July 2015, as well as for flood protection infrastructure in Khatlon region which is constantly being damaged. The capital works on the transport network will mainly include the reconstruction and repair of a number of bridges, while the flood protection works will strengthen the damaged existing infrastructure along with appropriate measures to prevent erosion. Sub-component 2.1. Strengthening of Bridges (first phase – 9 bridges) The work to be funded under this component will mainly consist of the reconstruction of bridges in the GBAO districts. The pre-defined target bridges include bridges in Vanj and Rushan districts of GBAO along Vanj — Yazgulem, Vanji Bolo and Chihoh — Ravgada roads and the Dushanbe — Kulyab — Khorog — Kulma (M41) highway. Sub-component 2.2. Strengthening of Flood Protection and Riverbank Erosion–Protection Infrastructure 3. Contingency costs for emergency response; 4. Project management. Our RAP is being prepared for sub-projects (Sub-component 2.1) on 9 bridges (first phase) in GBAO (Vanj and Rushan districts). 2. REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 2.1 Applicable law and policy This Resettlement Action Plan is based on the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan, namely: (i) the Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan, 1994 (amended in 1999, 2003 and 2016); (ii) the Land Code of the Republic of Tajikistan, 1996 (amended in 2016); and (iii) the Civil Code of The Republic of Tajikistan, 1998 (amended in 2007) and the Operational Policy of the World Bank in the field of Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12). 2.2 Constitution of the Republic of Tajikistan, 1994 The Constitution is the main legal document guaranteeing the rights of citizens. Article 13 states that “Land, its entrails, water, airspace, flora and fauna, and other natural resources shall be owned by the state, and the state guarantee their effective use in the interests of the people.” Further, Article 12 states, “The economy of Tajikistan shall be based on various forms of ownership. The state shall guarantee freedom of economic activities, entrepreneurship, equality of rights, and the protection of all forms of ownership including private ownership.” The legal basis for the acquisition by the state of private property for public works is covered by Article 32, which states: “...The property of an individual shall be confiscated only on the basis of the law, with the consent of the owner and to meet the requirements of the society by the state on condition of equal compensation.” 2.3 Land Code of the Republic of Tajikistan, 1996 The Land Code is the main legal document regarding the acquisition of land. It has been updated several times, the latest update is made in 2016. Article 2 of the LC of the RT states that “Land in the Republic of Tajikistan is an exclusive ownership of the state... [but]... The state guarantees its effective use in the interests of its citizens. Article 2¹ States that “No one shall be deprived of the right to use a land plot except on the grounds provided for in this Code”. Nevertheless, in Articles 10-14, the LC of the RT highlights the right to land use as a long-term, short-term and inherited right. Article 24 of the LC of the RT describes the assignment of non-agricultural land and ensures that when choosing a suitable location of such land plots, preference is given to land that is not suitable for agricultural use. The same principle is specified in Article 29 of the LC of the RT, which does not allow the use of highly fertile agricultural land for non-agricultural use. However, Article 29 also allows the allocation and confiscation of agricultural land for “other, very important public facilities”. Compensation for the seizure of land and other impacts on the evidence of projects of public interest is also regulated by other legislative acts with regard to the seizure of land, the allocation of land and compensation for the impact of projects in favor of citizens – the Land Code of the Republic of Tajikistan (LC of the RT), the Civil Code of the Republic of Tajikistan (CC of the RT), and various normative legal acts. On the basis of these laws, the seizure/allocation of land and resettlement of the population are based on the following principles: (a) land users have the right to compensation for damage/loss due to deprivation of the right to land use in favor of the state and public needs (Articles 41, 43 the LC of the RT); (b) upon termination of property rights, the latter is estimated on the basis of market value (Article 265 of the CC of the RT); (c) the land user or the holder of other registered rights related to land shall be entitled to receive a written notification of the seizure of land from the local public authority in charge of land issues not later than one year before the forthcoming procedure for the seizure of land (Article 40, LC of the RT); (d) In case international agreements recognized by the Republic of Tajikistan establishes other rules, than those foreseen/fixed by the Land Code of the Republic of Tajikistan, the rules of the international agreement are applied (Article 105, LC of the RT). Article 31 of the LC of the RT indicates that the acquisition of land for non-agricultural use in favor of public needs provides for the payment of compensation: “Terms of allocating land plots to new land users for non-agricultural needs must envisage compensation of all losses related to confiscation of land plots from former land users, as well as compensation of losses in agricultural production”. Article 19 of the LC declares the rights of land users, including articles allowing the holder of the right to land use to claim, “voluntary waiver of rights to use the land plot” or “indemnification [compensation] for damage/loss”, as mentioned in Article 41 of the LC of the RT. This article provides the basis for compensation: “Fully reimbursed shall be losses, including loss of profit, caused by: a) sequestrate of land for non-agricultural purposes; b) restriction of land users' rights; c) deterioration of land quality as the result of activities of other land users. In the case of this project, this can be interpreted as compensation for permanent damage to land use and crops, and in accordance with paragraphs (b) and (c) above, the need for compensation for temporary use of land and intervention in crop rotation policies for construction purposes. The guarantee of the rights of land users is also enshrined in Article 48, which States that “Confiscation of land plots from natural persons for state and public needs can be made after: a) having been assigned of another equivalent land plot (if desired); b) having been constructed on a new place of housing, industrial and other structures equivalent in their purpose instead of plots sequestrated, in the established order, by enterprises, institutions and organizations for which the land plot was assigned; c) having paid full compensation for all other losses, including loss of profit, according to Article 41 and Article 42 of this Code. The calculation of compensation for the acquisition of land is contained in Articles 43 and 44, which state that “actual prices on equipment and materials, as well as prices on construction assembling and other works existing either at the moment of confiscation of a land plot and drafting of the report shall be applied. When calculating losses of agricultural production and forestry, standard costs of cultivation of virgin lands and improvement of existing lands with the purpose to produce agricultural products in the volume not less than one got from sequestrated lands or earlier until the decreasing of their quality shall be applied. Disputes about the amount of compensation for damages caused and losses of agricultural production and forestry shall be settled in court.” The LC of the RT requires that the entities interested in acquiring land apply to the competent state bodies. Before making a decision on such a request, the state body considers social, economic, environmental conditions, urban planning conditions, and other conditions, prospects for the use of this land and its entrails. The document on compensation of land users for damage/loss and loss of agricultural products, approved by the Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan No. 515 dated December 30, 2000, establishes a specific and detailed procedure for compensation of damage to land users. The main provisions concerning the involuntary resettlement of the population specified in the LC are as follows: ▪ The acquisition of land plots for state and public purposes should be made after the provision of equivalent land plots; ▪ New housing, commercial and other buildings equivalent to the confiscated objects shall be constructed on the new land plot in accordance with the procedure established by law; ▪ Losses that occurred during the acquisition of land must be compensated in full, including lost profits, and the damage/loss must be calculated at market value; ▪ Construction of buildings and compensation for damage are carried out by the institutions and organizations in whose favor the land is withdrawn (beneficiaries of the project); ▪ Under normal circumstances, the land acquisition process should take no more than one calendar year; ▪ Allocation of new land, construction of buildings, compensation for all types of losses, including lost income, must be made before the official acquisition of land from land users. The amount of compensation is determined by an effectively selected group (Commission) of persons appointed by the mayor, which consists of representatives of the relevant departments applying for land and land users. Determination of losses of land users during acquisition of agricultural lands is made on the basis of the relevant documents provided by the land user. If no agreement can be reached on the amount of compensation for losses and the amount of damage, the land user can apply to the court for full compensation for damage caused during the acquisition of land. 2.4 Operational Policy of the World Bank OP 4.12 in the field of Involuntary Resettlement (July 2013) The objectives of the World Bank's policy on Involuntary Resettlement are as follows: (a) whenever possible, involuntary resettlement should be avoided or minimized by examining all possible alternatives to the project; (b) if it is not possible to avoid resettlement, the resettlement activities should be considered and implemented as long-term development program, providing sufficient investment resources so that persons displaced by the project, could also benefit from the project, and PAPs should be effectively consulted and have an opportunity to participate in the planning and implementation of programs for the resettlement of the population; and (c) PAPs should be assisted in their efforts to find a livelihood and raise the standard of living, or at least to restore the previous level, in real terms, to reach the pre-resettlement level or to the levels prevailing before the start of the project, whichever is higher. 2.5 Comparison of legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan and World Bank Policy The LC of the RT does not determine the status of persons who have the right of easement for confiscated land plots (they do not pay official rent). The LC RT establishes that in the absence of the right of easement, the land user has no rights in respect of the land. Thus, the use of land without state registration of the right of easement does not establish legal rights. This article ensures that the owner (state) has no obligation to compensate persons who do not have the right of easement on the land. However, in the WB Operational Policy 4.12, this status is clearly defined. Under this policy, people who occupy public land and are not recognized land users are entitled to assistance, taking into account the investment they have made in public land, their labour and lost assets, but not for ownership of land, as in the case of the titled land user. Since WB OP 4.12 takes precedence over national legislation for activities financed by the World Bank, as in this project, the following provisions apply: a person who has built a structure on illegal land, before the declared date of change of legal status, will not receive compensation for land, but will receive compensation for the structure (i.e. investment in land and on land) at replacement cost. In general, the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan and the Policy of the World Bank adhere to the goal of providing compensation for the replacement cost, but the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan does not provide for the restoration of livelihoods, and in practice the solution of this issue remains for special measures taken by persons defending the interests of certain projects to meet the requirements of international donors. In order to clarify these issues and agree on potential differences between the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan and the Policy of the World Bank, this Resettlement Policy Framework has been developed for this Project. The RAP provides compensation for damage at the replacement cost of all items, assistance to non-titled persons and informal migrants/settlers, and provides assistance and lifting allowances for the PAP who may need resettlement, who are deprived of business, lost their jobs, or fall into the category of vulnerable persons. Any RAP prepared for the project includes all costs associated with measures to restore and/or restore livelihoods. The main provisions that coordinate the differences between the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan and the Policy of the World Bank include: ▪ PAP, regardless of title (registered land user or not), is entitled to compensation (for objects, crops and trees) and restoration measures within the project. This includes landless people using land and squatters [unauthorized land users]; ▪ The PAP and the HAP (communities affected by the project) will be consulted on possible options and impacts in land acquisition and involuntary resettlement, before, during and after the involuntary resettlement; ▪ If “land for land” compensation is not feasible, technically or socially, the compensation is paid in cash, at full replacement cost1 , at current market value; ▪ Compensation for other affected items/assets (structures, agricultural crops and trees, as well as loss of business/income) is based on the entitlement matrix. Vulnerable PAP with disabilities are entitled to additional measures relevant to the case (one- time benefit, priority in employment related to the project, etc.); gender issues are also addressed in parallel; ▪ Recovery assistance is offered for temporary loss of land/assets, temporary restriction of access to land/assets or temporary deprivation of sources of income; ▪ Restoration of existing or reconstruction of damaged facilities will avoid or minimize, to the extent possible, the need for land acquisition and resettlement; and 1 Value based on the prevailing market value in a given locality for the acquisition of an equivalent piece of land in the same locality. In addition, the compensation must include any costs associated with the acquisition of land, that is, taxes, registration fees. ▪ The Resettlement Policy Framework provides guidelines for the development of appropriate mitigation measures and compensatory measures for impacts from land acquisition caused by project work, the exact location has already been identified and requires that the RAP of sub-projects include all costs associated with implementation, including compensation. In case of discrepancy between the laws of the Republic of Tajikistan and the requirements of the WB Policy in the field of Involuntary Resettlement (OP 4.12), the principles and policies of the WB are applied. This provision will be considered binding on the parties concerned once, both the Government and the Bank have approved the RAP. 3. POPULATION CENSUS Objective. The aim of the census was to determine social impact of reconstruction of nine bridges (phase I) to the households, housing, ancillary buildings, fences and private businesses, in terms of their potential resettlement. The census showed that during the reconstruction of 9 bridges, there will be an impact in 4 of them. Therefore, the research was conducted with households, living in the location of the Bridge – 2, Yazgulom jamoat, Bridges 4 and 5 Tekharv jamoat of Vanj district and Bridge 9 N. Dodihudoev jamoat of Rushan district. Objective – preparation of information for the Resettlement Plan, according to the Project Resettlement Policy Framework. The main tasks were: • Socio-demographic characteristics of households and private business, affected by bridge rehabilitation; • Identification of main sources of household income; • Identification of awareness level of households about the bridge reconstruction project; • Determination by the head of households, of the preliminary amount of damage from the bridge reconstruction impact; • Determination of impact on the living standards of households from the bridge reconstruction; Methodology. During the research, semi – structural interviews with elements of both qualitative and quantitative research were used. Semi – structural interviews were conducted with 14 respondents, who are affected by the reconstruction of bridges. a) Socio-demographic characteristics of respondents, affected by the reconstruction of bridges Table 1 Relation to Number of Number Socially Assessm Type of Name of Gender the head of members of vulnerable ent of activity respondent households of working (pensioners, level of households disabled life people) 1 Imomova H. female Head 7 2 1 middle farmer 2 Nazrishoev O male Son 10 4 0 middle teacher 3 Niyozbekova G female Wife 6 0 0 low housewife 4 Baladzhonov M male Head 5 2 0 middle farmer, migrant 5 Zarobekova O female Wife 11 4 2 middle farmer 6 Hushdilov D male Head 10 3 1 middle farmer, private carting 7 Emomov O male Head 6 1 0 middle State body 8 Asoev B male Head 8 4 0 above the Labour middle migration 9 Asoev Ch. male Head 8 4 0 middle farmer 10 Bahtibekov U. male Head 6 3 1 middle farmer 11 Rahmihudoeva female Wife 5 1 1 middle Labour migration 12 Hosabekov H male Head 6 1 1 middle economist 13 Hudoiev M male Head 5 2 1 middle Teacher, cellular operator 14 Hudoiev N male Head 4 3 1 Above Doctor, the Labour middle migration, cellular operator The action plan for the resettlement of the population in accordance with the Resettlement Policy Framework is prepared based on the facts of the population census, socio- economic research and consultations. It contains the facts of PAP census and their legal status for damages/losses, socio-economic characteristics of PAP, organizational mechanisms and schedules of implementation activities, budgets. Also the assessment of practical mechanisms for the restoration of sources of income, allocation of land plots from the land Fund and the issuance of certificates to land users. The development of new places of settlement and resettlement, the mechanism of complaints, coordination of implementation activities with the purchase construction works, the construction schedule, and current control mechanism. RAP is structured in accordance with provisions of the Resettlement Policy Framework, and is developed, as appropriate, depending on the size and nature of the impact of the Projects. A total of 14 household respondents were interviewed during the research, who may be affected by the project during the reconstruction of bridges. Of the total number of respondents, 4 were women and 10 were men. 9 persons at the moment of the survey were heads of household, 3 women were spouses to the head of household and one was the son of the head of the household. Average amount of household members is 7 persons, the working members of household generating income are 2,5 2 and the most vulnerable members of household, pensioners and invalids are 0.6. 11 respondents rated their standard of living as middle, one as below the middle, and two as above the middle. The main activity of majority of households are working as migrant workers outside the household, working on dehkan farms, and three persons noted that, they work in public system, as a teachers, doctors, economists and in private businesses. 2Intotal, there were 34 working members in 14 households, an average of 2.4. Similarly, socially vulnerable members of the household, pensioners and invalids in total 9 persons, an average of 0.6 b) The level of awareness about the reconstruction of the bridges The level of awareness about the bridge reconstruction Project is very high. Out of 14 respondents – 9 persons (3 of them women) participated in meetings and assemblies held in jamoats with local state authorities, World Bank representatives, Project Implementation Unit and members of the Resettlement Commission. It should be noted that in order to solve the issues related to resettlement, a census (registration) of Persons Affected by the Project (acts are attached) was conducted by the established commission, from representatives of district’s Hukumat services, jamoats, PIU of MoF, PIG MT, social workers. Project consultants have met directly with the representatives of households and conducted explanatory work on the goals and objectives of the Project, in particular, that the construction of the bridges will require the road expansion and will affect part of the buildings belonging to them. Part of the respondents at the beginning of the Project implementation were in working migration, and received information after coming home, some of them learned about the construction of bridges from their relatives and neighbors. c) Main sources of household income Main sources of household income, affected by the bridge reconstruction, depends on the type of activity of able-bodied family members. Therefore, for the households in the area of the bridge №2, the main source of income are remittances from migrant workers and production of agricultural products. On farmland, taking into account climatic conditions, households mainly grow vegetables (tomatoes, cucumbers, onions, beans and greens). Horticultural production is also an important source of income. Some of horticultural products are for sale outside the household. The main sources of households’ income, in the area of bridge №4, differ little from households in the area of bridge №2. A distinctive feature is that the level of marketability of agricultural products is slightly higher compared to the households in the area of bridge №2. The main sources of income for the households in the area of Bridge No. 6 are remittances from migrant workers, and products produced in private and dehkan farms. Households in this area mainly produce the potatoes, where more than 70% of it goes for sale. Sources of income for the households, affected by the reconstruction of bridge №9 differ slightly from households located near other bridges. If in previous households, only agricultural lands (lands, trees, fences) are affected by reconstruction, in this object there are buildings and premises of households: point of sales and an abandoned house. Thus, for Bakhtibekov U. household main source of income, on a par with a dehkan and private farm, is also sale of goods in the shop. In the course of research, it turned out that the relocation of this point of sales does not create problems. Since this point of sales is mobile (container) it is possible to move it to another location. It is important to note that this respondent has an official document – a Certificate for the land use of this site. Next respondent on this object is – Hosabekov H. The main source of his income is wage; he is working as an accountant for Public Organization “Amesha Spenta”. He is a professional trainer and cooperates with international organizations. In addition, the respondent has a dehkan farm, where his relatives work and send him agricultural products. During the reconstruction of the road, it is expanding and affecting his residential house. Currently, no one lives in this residential building. Since it was destroyed in 2015 by a natural disaster. This house was in the zone of disaster risk, located along the channel, which is washed off annually by the flow of stones, sands and dirt. At that time, the mudflow caused the partial destruction of the house. According to the order of the President of the Republic of Tajikistan, Rushan district’s Hukumat and local authorities, a 5 hundredth parts (of a hectare) plot was allocated to Hosabekov H. Respondent now lives in the house of his brother in Khorog, as he has no funds for the construction of a new residential house in this area. d) Impacts on households In accordance with Resettlement Policy Framework, sub-projects are selected by PIU in terms of social impact, based on envisaged Detailed Project and sub-project components. The scale of land acquisition and the impact on private and public structures will be determined during the selection process, and, accordingly, the possibilities of suitable modification of projects to minimize social impact will be explored. On the basis of selection and any modifications to minimize consequences, if it becomes apparent that sub-projects include forced resettlement, a population census and socio-economic survey is needed. Resettlement Action Plan (RAP) satisfies the principles, indicated in this Resettlement Policy Framework, adapted to the Project. RAP of the Project is reviewed and approved by the World Bank and endorsed by the PIU, prior to the invitations to bid reconstruction works. The allocation of land, compensation payments and granting legal status are carried out prior to resettlement and to transfer of land to contractors. Compensation for all land and assets in kind or in cash, as indicated in the Matrix to grant the rights, required for the following: ▪ Land; ▪ Residential buildings, facilities and structures; ▪ Cultivated crops (cash and food crops) and trees; In addition, benefits are provided for causing inconvenience, storage of foods, the replacement of lost services and other assistance. However, this only serves to guide, and it is important that during the detailed preparation of the RAP current market prices and replacement costs are applied to establish the actual compensation. Furthermore, additional benefits may be provided, for example, additional support to vulnerable families, allowances for anxiety, etc. All monetary amounts are adjusted to reflect economic changes and the purchasing power of the currency from the date of the preparation of this Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF). PIU of “Strengthening critical infrastructure against national hazards project” (SCINHP) assesses the amount of compensation, and ensure that they reflect the real market and includes them into the Resettlement Action Plan (RAP). The survey was conducted in accordance with the Framework Document, among those respondents who may be directly affected by the construction of existing bridges, with the help of related issues of resettlement, compensation for damage, in terms of both production and agricultural products, as well as residential and ancillary buildings, fences and private business buildings. The following tables provide an analysis of the information coming from households located in the area of each bridge separately, as well as the assessment of the independent expert. Table 2 Affected buildings and structures, land and fruit, decorative trees on the farm sites under the project “Strengthening critical infrastructure against national hazards project” Bridges No. 2; 4; 5; 9, in Vanj and Rushan districts3. (US Dollars) Name of head of household Bridge №2 Bridge № 4 Bridge № 5 Bridge №9 Imomov Nazrish Niyozbe Baladzhon Zarobeko Khushdilo Emom Asoev B. Asoev Bakhtib Rahmih Khosabe Khudoie Khudoiev a H. oeva O. kova G. ov M. va O. v D. ov I. Ch. ekov U. udoev kov Kh. v N. M. R. Total land area, m2 0,0454 0,0176 0,1587 0,0276 0,0147 0,0320 0,1024 - 0,0444 0,0300 0,0100 0,0329 0,075 Irrigated Non-irrigated 0,0454 0,0176 0,1587 0,0276 0,0147 0,0320 0,1024 - 0,0444 0,0300 0,0100 0,0329 0,075 - - - - - - - - - - - - - Main crops - - - - - - - - - - - - - The sum of cultivation costs - - - - - - - - - - - - - Amount of income - - - - - - - - - - - - - Total amount of trees 3 2 1 26 8 30 40 6 55 - 15 3 4 Fruit-bearing 2 - - 9 8 - - - 12 - 2 - - Non-bearing 1 2 1 17 - 30 40 6 33 - 13 3 4 Age of trees, years: Fruit-bearing 30-50 5-6 10 8-10 - 8 Non-bearing 10-12 10 12 20 4-6 10-12 6-8 10 20 - 12 20 5-10 Income from trees for the No No No 600 No No No last 5 years informat informa informati inform No informat informat ion tion on ation informati ion ion on Average cost of non- bearing trees 500 No No 3000 400 2000 8000 1300 No 2400 informa infromati informat tion on ion Area of building, m2 - 65 - - 15 - - - - 96 102 19 55,3 Type of building - Mill - - Stone - - - - Shop Shop Stone Stone fence fence fence Concrete Foundation Cost of building, facility - No - - 1500 - - - - 62000 36300 1200 No informa information tion 3 The amount of damage to buildings and structures, as well as trees and income from production of agricultural land is defined by heads of households. Thus, 3 households of Yazgulom jamoat are affected by the works on Bridge No. 2. The average land area under the impact of Project ranges from4 176 to 1587 m2. In these lands, crops are not grown, and of course, these land households do not bring income. These lands are planted with non – bearing trees, which are used as fuel. Out of three respondents, only one respondent – Imomova H. estimated the cost of non-bearing tree in the amount of 500 somoni. The other two respondents indicated that they could not determine the value of non-bearing trees. As it was revealed, the reconstruction of the bridge does not affect the living conditions of households and, accordingly there are no issues related to the resettlement to new places in the area. The Respondent Nazrishoev O. noted that under the new project on reconstruction of bridge, there is located his mill, which was destroyed by mudflows in 2015, and to the present time, he does not operate it, and does not know how to evaluate this construction. Four households are affected by Bridge No. 4. The average area from 1,5 to 10 hundredth parts (of a hectare) of irrigated land. Agricultural lands are mainly used for growing trees. Out of four households, only two have bearing trees. Households do not produce any material costs for growing tree. Only households, who planted fruit trees, noted that the annual income from fruit trees is 600 somoni, and in estimation for 5 years – 3000 somoni. Those households, which have non-bearing trees, noted that the branches of trees are used as fuel (type of poplar tree). The average cost of fruit-bearing trees households estimated at 6000 somoni, and non – bearing, taking into account cubic meters from 400 to 6500 somoni. They estimated the cost of trees taking into account their quantity and age. Out of total number of respondents, only one estimated his stone fence at 1500 somoni. Other households’ fences are made up of dry branches and do not have any value in their opinion. If necessary, the can be moved to a new location. On the site No.4, there are no residential properties that are falling under the reconstruction impact, on this basis the issue of resettlement of population drops away. Two households fall under the impact of reconstructions on the Bridge No.5. The land area of one of the households is more than 4 hundredth parts (sotka), and the other land has no Certificate, and is not a part of the total land area. On these land sites of the household, agricultural crops are not grown. These lands are mainly planted with fruit bearing and non-fruit bearing trees. Households, virtually receive no income from these lands. Only the head of the 4 Usually households estimate their farmland in a hundred square. 1 hundredth parts =10 m2 household, who had 12 fruit trees and 33 non-fruit bearing trees, estimated the total amount of 8000 somoni. These households have no residential properties or buildings that could be affected by the construction of bridges, on this basis there are no questions about resettlement. There are 5 households in Rushan district falling under the reconstruction impact of Bridge No.9. The total land sites area under the influence of the Project ranges from 1 to 4,1 hundredth parts. Out of the total amount of lands, only one household produces agricultural products in the form of vegetables, carrots and cucumbers, which are intended for domestic consumption. One site of the land is a shopping center, other land sites there are planted with fruit bearing and non-fruit bearing trees. The heads of the household noted that they receive virtually no income from these lands, except for domestic consumption in the form of dried fruits and canning. Out of five households only three of them estimated the value of fruit bearing and non-fruit-bearing trees between 1300 and 3000 somoni. On the way of constructing bridge, there are located two objects: point of sales – Shop and one dilapidated house. The shop is built of 2 twenty-ton iron containers, the roof of the shop is built of about 2 m3 timber and covered with metal slate (120 m2). But he noted that he could not estimate the cost of building the roof. Shopkeeper approximately estimated its construction at 62 thousand somoni. According to the owner of the house, the total area of the residential part is about 70 m2. The house was built in early 2010 of the following materials: stone, cement, cement blocks, boards, doors made in China, 4 plastic windows, with a size of 1,25m х 1,45m. The roof of the building is made of metal and timber 200m2. The foundation of the house (basement) - 60 cm. The respondent estimated the cost of the building in the amount of 36300 US dollars х 8,82 (US dollar rate) = 320 166 somoni. There are no residential properties falling under the Bridge site No.9, based on this there is no need in population resettlement. e) The impact of bridge reconstruction on population living standard The reconstruction of old bridges will have a positive impact on the population living standard. The reconstruction of Bridge No.2 in Yazgulom district will increase carrying capacity of vehicles; reduce the level of natural disasters’ impact, as it will be built above the existing risk zone. Photo: Current condition of Bridge No.2 in Yazgulom jamoat of Vanj district Heavy trucks cannot drive through this bridge because it is in an emergency condition and the width of the bridge does not allow them to pass. Heavy trucks bring and unload the necessary products and coal to the bridge and the population has to carry the goods manually to the other side, hire other cars and deliver to the place of residence. Due to the expenditures on transportation, product cost increases. The construction of the modern bridge will remove all these problems and reduce the cost of the production. Respondents, living near the Bridge No.4 Tekharv jamoat also noted the positive impact of the construction of new bridge. Each year due to the natural disasters and mainly mudflows driving of heavy trucks and passenger vehicles through the bridge becomes dangerous. The construction of new bridge instead of the old one, in addition to the enhancing the transportation issues, will also reduce the impact of natural disasters. Current condition of Bridge No.4, Tekharv jamoat The households, living near the Bridge No.5, noted that this bridge in in an emergency condition, heavy-load trucks are afraid to pass through it. Trucks usually bring food and other goods to the bridge, and people carry goods by hand. Not all drivers of heavy vehicles agree to carry goods to this locality because of the emergency condition of the bridge. The reconstruction of the bridge will reduce the transportation cost and, of course, the cost of the product. Current condition of Bridge No.5, Tekharv jamoat For the households of the Bridge No.9 of Rushan district, the reconstruction of the bridge will improve the passage of vehicles, reduce the cost of production and most importantly reduce the impact of natural disasters. This bridge is also of international importance, as it is located on the international road Dushanbe – Kulyab – Khorog – Kulma. Photo: Bridge No.9, Rushan district INVENTORY AND ASSESSMENT OF PAP’S PROPERTIES Before conducting the inventory and assessment of the PAP’s property, according to the Resolution of districts’ Chairmen the Working Committees were created in each district (Vanj and Rushan). (Resolutions attached) PIU MoF hired a special state appraiser to assess the assets of the PAP and in the presence of the district Commission and representatives of the PIU MoF, PIG MT (Implementing Agency) and the World Bank conducted an inventory and assessment of the PAP’s assets. The valuation methodology used in the assessment of affected structures and trees is based on the requirements of the legislation of the Republic of Tajikistan, as well as the principles of Social Safeguards of the World Bank as set out in the entitlement matrix. The assessment results are used to determine the market value of certain affected assets. During the assessment, the information provided was used, including certificates for the right to use the land and other documents used for the assessment of objects. In addition, a table of entitlements was used, detailing the types of compensation and payments. In determining the market value of the objects, the following factors were taken into account: 1. The actual state of the objects of assessment; 2. The possibility of further use of the object. According to the Terms of Reference, the appraiser received from the Client and in accordance with the World Bank Policy standards, did not apply depreciation of objects. The objects of assessment consist of buildings of economic use, using local building materials, i.e. stone, clay, etc., fruit trees, irrigated land and shops. The calculation of the cost of trees was also made in accordance with the attached table in the Terms of Reference. During the work, the appraiser used market prices in the Central market of Khorog, Vanj and Rushan districts. Vanj district Bridge No.2 (Yazgulom jamoat, Andarbag village) Citizen: Niyozbekova R. Object: Plot of homestead land Table 1. Irrigated Land (in somoni) Name Total What is Average Market Number Compens Total 2 Area m grown yield per price of ation for cost year per 1 harvest loss of kg of per year income grass (per year) Irrigated 0,1050 Grass 1000 kg 3 2 3000*2 6000 land Total 0,1050 1000 3 2 6000 6000 Citizen: Imomova Object: Table 2. Assessment of fruit-bearing trees (in somoni) Type of Num Cost of Other Total Age of Avera Marke Comp Total fruit- ber 1 costs costs trees ge t price ensatio cost bearing seedlin (e.g. of yield for 1 n for (for 5 tree g labour, seedli per kg of loss of years) etc.) per ngs year harves incom 1 t e from seedlin fruit g trees (per year) a b c d e f g h i Mulberry 2 10 10 20 10-12 300 kg 20 6020 30100 Total 10 10 80 300 20 6020 30100 Table 3. Irrigated Land Assessment Name Total What is Average Market Number Compens Total 2 Area m grown yield per price of ation for cost year per 1 harvest loss of kg of per year income grass (per year) Irrigated 0,0454 grass 500 kg 3 2 1500*2 3000 land Total 0,0454 1000 3 2 3000 Grand 33100 Total Citizen: Nazrishoev O. Object: Mill Table 4. Assessment of a mill Name Total Year of Averag Replace Net Recovery Total Area constru e price ment depreciation cost cost m2 ction per 1 cost Amou % m2 nt Mill 26,4 1995 250 6600 6600 100 6600 19800 Total 26,4 1995 250 6600 6600 6600 19800 Bridge No.4 Citizen: Salohov Nuriddin Object: A wall 20 meters long, 40cm wide, 1.55 meters high, fruit trees 8 pieces, (cherry) Table 5. Assessment of affected fruit-bearing trees (in somoni) Type of Nu Cost of Other Total Age Averag Marke Comp Total fruit- mbe 1 costs costs of of e yield t price ensati cost bearing r seedlin (e.g. seedlings trees per year for 1 on for (for 5 tree g labour, kg of loss of years) etc.) per harves incom 1 t e from seedlin fruit g trees (per year) a b c d e f g h i Cherry 8 10 10 80 4-6 60kg 10 680 3400 Total 10 10 80 4-6 60 10 680 3400 Table 6. Assessment of affected walls Name Total Year of Averag Replacem Net Recover Total Area constru e price ent cost depreciatio y cost cost m2 ction per 1 n m2 Amo % unt Mill 15 2015 182,40 5545 416 7,5 5229 15687 Total 15 2015 182,40 5545 416 5229 15687 Grand 19087 Total Citizen: Balajonov M. Object: Fruit-bearing trees Table 7. Assessment of fruit-bearing trees Type of Nu Cost of Other Total Age Averag Marke Comp Total fruit- mbe 1 costs costs of of e yield t price ensati cost bearing r seedlin (e.g. seedlings trees per year for 1 on for (for 5 tree g labour, kg of loss of years) etc.) per harves incom 1 t e from seedlin fruit g trees (per year) a b c d e f g h i Cherry 9 10 10 90 5-6 50кг 10 590 2950 Nut 1 10 10 10 50 200кг 20 810 4050 Total 10 10 100 7000 Bridge No.5 Citizen: Asoev Ch. Object: Fruit-bearing trees Table 8. Assessment of fruit-bearing trees Type of Nu Cost of Other Total Age Averag Marke Comp Total fruit- mbe 1 costs costs of of e yield t price ensati cost bearing r seedlin (e.g. seedlings trees per year for 1 on for (for 5 tree g labour, kg of loss of years) etc.) per harves incom 1 t e from seedlin fruit g trees (per year) a b c d e f g h i Cherry 12 10 10 120 4-6 80кг 10 920 4600 Total 10 10 120 60 10 920 4600 RUSHAN DISTRICT Bridge No.9 (Barrushon village, N. Dodikhudoeva jamoat) Citizen: Bakhtibekov Object: Shop (partial) Table 9. Assessment of a shop (partial) (in somoni) Name Tota Year of Averag Replaceme Net Recov Total l constructi e price nt cost depreciation ery cost Are on per 1 Amou % cost a m2 m2 nt Shop 30 2006 350 10500 7350 30 7350 58800 Total 30 350 10500 7350 30 7350 58800 Citizen: Khosabekov Kh. Object: Residential house (Dwelling), walls Table 10. Assessment of residential house (full) (in somoni) Name Total Year of Averag Replaceme Net Recov Total Area construct e price nt cost depreciation ery cost m2 ion per 1 Amou % cost m2 nt Residen 105,6 2011 350 3648 17,5 27458 219664 tial house Total 219664 Table 11. Assessment of wall Name Total Year of Averag Replacem Net Recover Total Area constru e price ent cost depreciatio y cost cost m2 ction per 1 n m2 Amo % unt Wall 83,26 2011 182,40 15187 7207 47,5 7980 39900 Total 7980 39900 Table 12. Assessment of wall Name Total Year of Averag Replacem Net Recover Total Area constru e price ent cost depreciatio y cost cost m2 ction per 1 n m2 Amo % unt Wall 16 2011 182,40 2374 1127 47,5 1247 6235 Total 6235 Grand 265799 Total Citizen: Ramikhudoev R. Object: Walls, fruit-bearing trees Table 13. Assessment of wall Name Total Year of Averag Replacem Net Recover Total Area constru e price ent cost depreciatio y cost cost m2 ction per 1 n m2 Amo % unt Wall 28,60 2011 182,40 5217 17,5 4304 12912 Total 12912 Table 14. Assessment of fruit-bearing trees Type of Nu Cost of Other Total Age of Avera Marke Comp Total fruit- mbe 1 costs costs of trees ge t price ensati cost bearing r seedlin (e.g. seedlings yield for 1 on for (for 5 tree g labour, per kg of loss of years) etc.) per year harves incom 1 t e from seedlin fruit g trees (per year) a b c d e f g h i Mulberry 2 10 10 20 10-12 160 kg 20 3220 16000 Total 10 10 20 10-12 160 20 3220 16000 Grand 28912 Total Citizen: Khudoiev M. Table 15. Assessment of wall (in somoni) Name Total Year of Averag Replacem Net Recover Total Area constru e price ent cost depreciatio y cost cost m2 ction per 1 n m2 Amo % unt Wall 19,4 1999 182,40 3538 1680 47,5 13006 Total 13006 Table 16. Assessment of basement from under the wall construction Average price Replacem Net Recovery Total Year of Volume m3 per 1 m3 Name ent cost depreciation cost cost Amount % Basement 12, 199 182,40 2280 1083 47,5 8379 5 9 Total 8379 Table 17. Assessment of wall (in somoni) Name Total Year of Averag Replacem Net Recover Total Area constru e price ent cost depreciatio y cost cost m2 ction per 1 n m2 Amo % unt Wall 15,5 1999 182,40 2827 1343 47,5 10388 Total 10388 Table 18. Assessment of a wall (in somoni) Name Total Year of Averag Replacem Net Recover Total Area constru e price ent cost depreciatio y cost cost m2 ction per 1 n m2 Amo % unt Baseme 3,4 1999 182,40 620 295 47,5 2275 nt Total 2275 Table 19. Assessment of a wall in a garden (in somoni) Name Total Year of Averag Replacem Net Recover Total Area constru e price ent cost depreciatio y cost cost m2 ction per 1 n m2 Amo % unt Wall 4,5 1999 182,40 820 389 47,5 3017 Total 3017 Citizen: Khudoiev N. Object: Walls, basement from under the wall Table 20. Assessment of a wall (in somoni) Name Total Year of Averag Replacem Net Recover Total Area constru e price ent cost depreciatio y cost cost m2 ction per 1 n m2 Amo % unt Wall 40 1999 182,40 7296 3466 47,5 3830 11490 Total 40 1999 182,40 7296 3466 47,5 3830 11490 Table 21. Assessment of basement from under the wall construction Average price Replace Net Recovery Total Year of Volume m3 per 1 m3 Name ment depreciation cost cost cost Amount % Basement 27 1999 182,40 4928 2342 47,5 2586 7758 Total 27 1999 182,40 4928 2342 47,5 2586 7758 Grand 19248 Total The total amount of compensation for the first 9 bridge is – 499411 somoni After assessing the assets of the PAP, it was found that out of 14 households, 11 will receive compensation for the lost property, 3 households that have only infertile trees falling under the Project agree that their possessions go to them (will be used as firewood and building materials). They believe that they will not be harmed by the project. On Bridge No.2, the citizen Niyozbekova G., instead the land will receive equivalent land. This point is agreed with the district Commission. On Bridge No. 9, a plot of land has already been allocated to the citizen Khosabekov H. (Resolution of Rushan district Land Committee, and he has the land). AGREED RESETTLEMENT MEASURES After assessment of citizens' property, PIU MoF, PIG MT and the World Bank consultants have conducted public hearings on the territory of 4 bridges. In addition to PAPs and other citizens, they were attended by members of the district Commission and representatives of the jamoat. At the seminars and meetings, the following issues were discussed: 1. Social impact of bridge rehabilitation of the “Strengthening Critical Infrastructure against Natural Hazards Project”; 2. Grievance Redress Mechanism and suggestions of citizens; 3. Discussion of environmental issues on this Project; The participants of the meetings said that they understood the goals and objectives of the Project and asked to start rehabilitation faster. (Minutes of the meetings are attached) GRIEVANCE REDRESS MECHANISM AND SUGGESTIONS Grievance procedures will be required to ensure that the PAPs can file complaints or concerns at no cost and to ensure that the problem is resolved in a timely and satisfactory manner. These procedures also ensure that these rights are effectively transferred to the intended beneficiaries. The PIU MoF prepared a Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM). After the Bank's approval, the GRM was announced and all interested persons were informed and the document was widely discussed by the time the RAP was completed. Complaints may arise from community members who are dissatisfied with the use of eligibility criteria, community planning and resettlement measures, actual implementation or compensation. The GRM began to function and 2 complaints of the PAPs on the Bridge No. 9 in Rushan district have already been registered. Citizen Khudoiev Mumin complained that during the restoration of the bridge a large part of his land is being affected. The appeal was reviewed by the Consultants of the PIU MoF and PIG MoT. After consultation with him, restoration design of the Bridge No. 9 was slightly changed. In the end, the seizure of Khudoiev M.’s land was much decreased and he agreed with the new bridge design. After that, the amount of compensation decreased by a quarter. The other PAP - Khosabekov H. (Bridge No. 9, Barrushon village, Rushan district) filed a complaint with PIU MoF and PIG MoT on payment of compensation. Since he owed the bank and his house was mortgaged, after negotiations with representatives of the bank with the participation of Khosabekov, the issue was resolved at the end of May. PIU paid him compensation. Moreover, Khosabekov H. complained PIU MoF (in oral) and the World Bank (in writing) for the allocation to him of land to build a house. To resolve the issue, the PIU MoF met with the Chairman of the Rushan district and discussed the situation. The Chairman of the district said that a plot of land was allocated for Khosabekov H. and for other needy residents of the area who suffered in 2015 from a natural disaster. To build a house on a new site, a Resolution of the Government of the Republic is needed and we are waiting for this. Overall process: a) In the initial stages of the assessment process, PAPs will receive copies of the Grievance Procedures and suggestions to guide the process of consideration of complaints and suggestions; b) Grievance Process begins with the registration of complaints to be examined for reference and to ensure that information on the issues to be addressed can be updated. c) The project will use a local mechanism, which includes the Resettlement Commission, colleagues and local leaders of the PAPs. This will ensure fairness in different cases, eliminate inconvenience and satisfy legitimate plaintiffs at a low price. d) The response time depends on the problem to be solved, but it should be addressed effectively. e) Compensation shall be paid to the individual PAP only after the written consent of the PAP, including both husband and wife. Procedure: a) The first step in the Grievances and Proposals Procedure is to contact the local representatives of the jamoats and mahallas and the Social Safeguards Expert of the Project and to consider the complaint. Then, the Local representative contacts the Social Safeguards Expert of PIU SCINHP and/or PIG MT by phone, SMS (with mobile phone number of the employee or by mail, in areas with limited access to telephone communication). PIU SCINHP puts the complaint in the log of complaints and suggestions. If the problem cannot be resolved to the PAP’s satisfaction within 5 days, then it is moved to the next level. In the log of complaints and suggestions, a record is made about solving the problem or the decision to move it to the next level. b) For complaints that cannot be satisfied by the Social Safeguards Expert of the PIU MoF within 5 days: • The PAP submits its complaint relating to the resettlement process or compensation in writing to the PIU SCINHP. The complaint is signed and dated by the affected party. The Social Safeguards Expert of the PIU SCINHP and the PIG MT will act as a contact person, which is a direct channel of communication with the PAP. They work in cooperation with the Acting Director of the PIU SCINHP MoF and PIG MT, and report all complaints and suggestions to the Management Board of the PIU SCINHP during their regular meetings with him. When the PAP is unable to file a written complaint, the local representative of the jamoat/village or the Social Safeguards Expert of the PIU MoF or PIG MT writes a complaint statement on behalf of the affected party. Any informal complaints and suggestions are also documented by the local representative of the jamoat/village or the Social Safeguards Expert of the PIU MoF or PIG MT. The affected party signs or put his/her thumbprint on the statement. • Social Safeguards Expert of PIU MoF and PIG MT will examine the issues to determine the validity of complaints and suggestions. If they are legal, the Committee shall notify the Complainant and he/she shall be assisted. The response is given within 14 days, during this period, meetings and discussions are held with the affected party and other persons. If the complaint relates to an asset assessment, a second or even a third assessment is carried out until both parties are satisfied. Independent appraisers, in contrast to the person who carried out the initial assessment, conduct these separate assessments. The cost of the additional evaluation will be covered by the funds, allocated for the implementation of the RAP. The Social Safeguards Expert of PIU MoF and/or PIG MT provides assistance to the affected party at all stages to facilitate the satisfaction of its complaints and to provide the best possible way to resolve the problems. c) If, after receiving the response from PIU SCINHP, the complaint is not satisfied, the Project uses the Commission on the analysis of conflicts (CAC). The CAC consists of at least 5 members, 2 of whom are staff members of the PIU SCINHP. The other 3 members are independent of the project implementation bodies and the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan. They should be: (i) recognized NGOs/CSOs working in the RT; (ii) respected individuals with an appropriate reputation (e.g. a respected lawyer or professor), if available; (iii) representatives of the participating district; and (iv) a person from the district Council. These professionals are remunerated for the meetings of the Commission and are not staff members of the project bodies. The establishment of the Commission for conflict resolution is approved by the Order of the participating Hukumats. The Commission is initiated by PIU MoF or local Hukumats upon PAP’s request. Decisions taken by the Commission and agreed between all parties are legalized in the form of an Order of the participating Hukumats. d) If there is any objection to the decision of the CAC, the case may be referred to the court by the PAP. Grievance and Suggestions Log The Social Safeguards Expert of PIU MoF ensures registration of each complaint/proposal under an individual reference number, completeness of support measures and records of the steps taken. The log should also contain records of the person responsible for the specific complaint and the dates of subsequent events: • Date the complaint was reported. • Date the Grievance Log was uploaded onto the project database. • Date information on proposed corrective action sent to complainant (if appropriate). • The date the complaint was closed out. • The date response was sent to complainant. Monitoring Complaints Social Safeguards Expert is responsible for the following: • Providing the sub-project Resettlement and Compensation Committee with a weekly report detailing the number and status of complaints. • Any outstanding issues to be addressed. • Monthly reports, including analysis of the type of complaints, levels of complaints, and actions to reduce complaints. RAP Implementation Budget (Preliminary) The budget for the implementation of the RAP will be finalized after public meetings, where the PAPs will be familiarized with the evaluation methodology and sources of information used during the calculation of unit prices for each type of loss identified during the preparation of the RAP. Prior to the implementation of the RAP, the project implementation group will prepare a cash compensation package separately for each affected land plot and a proposal for the PAP to be considered before the signing of the monetary compensation agreement. The table below shows the preliminary budget for the RAP. No. Monetary Compensation Amount in TJS Amount in US for (somoni) dollars 1 Compensation for the land harvest (vegetables, grass, 9000 etc.) 2. Fruit-bearing trees 61100 3. Compensation for the 19800 structure (a mill) 4. Compensation for 219664 residential house 5. Compensation for walls 138047 (fences) 6. Compensation for a shop 58800 (partial) Contingencies (10 %) 50 641 Total Amount 557 052 58 947.30 The project prepares the resettlement budget and finances this budget through administrative and financial management rules and guidelines, like any other activity to be financially supported by the Project. All responsibility for the implementation of the Resettlement Policy Framework, including compensation, provision of other forms of assistance, implementation of the grievance redress mechanism and suggestions, training of personnel and monitoring and evaluation of activities, is covered by State payments of the Ministry of Finance, through the resettlement budget within the funds, allocated to the project. MONITORING AND EVALUATION MEASURES 1. General measures, their scope and content The ongoing monitoring measures follow the overall plan for the ongoing monitoring of the entire project; they are implemented through the PIU SCINHP. All RAPs set basic socio- economic goals by which they measure their success. These include: (i) affected persons, households and communities who are able to maintain and even improve the standard of living prior to the implementation of the project; (ii) local communities that remain friendly to the project; and (iii) the absence or prevalence of conflicts. In order to assess the extent to which these objectives have been achieved, the RAP shall indicate the parameters of the current control, provide guidance for the current control and provide the resources necessary to carry out the current control. The PIU MoF creates an administrative reporting system that performs the following functions: • Provides timely information about all resettlement to the PIU SCINHP as a result of Project activities; • Identifies complaints and suggestions that remain unanswered and need to be addressed through the involvement of the Commission on the analysis of the conflicts or higher authority; • Document timely implementation of resettlement project commitments for all permanent and temporary losses; • Assess the receipt of compensation by the PAP, in accordance with the requirements of the RAP, the existence of a higher standard of living of PAP in comparison with the standard of living of these persons before physical or economic displacement. • Alert the project authorities on the necessity of land acquisition within the planned activities of the Sub-projects. The aim is to conduct a final assessment to determine: • Whether the affected persons received full compensation, and before the start of the Project, which is the cause of resettlement; • Have PAPs been so affected by the Project, that they have a higher standard of living than before, that they have a previous standard of living, or are poorer than they were before. 2. Indicators Within each RAP, indicators are established. If necessary, the PIU collects data from communities or collates information from research. Information on these indicators is compared on a regular basis (e.g. quarterly or semi-annually, as the case may be) and compared over time. Information on the population census is most, if not all, of the reference point against which the quality of implementation or work will be monitored. Funds for all these activities are included in the budget for the implementation of the RAP. 3. Monitoring of RAP implementation The Social Safeguards Expert of the PIU SCINHP, together with the consultant of the PIG MT, in cooperation with local government officials responsible for the implementation of the RAP, resettlement and compensation issues, conduct on a quarterly basis the compilation and accounting of the basic information of the project on all physical or economic movements. This staff compiles the following statistics: a) Number of activities requiring the preparation of the RAP; b) Number of households and individuals physically or economically displaced by each activity; c) Length of time from completion of plan development to payment of compensation to PAPs; d) Time of issue of compensation in relation to the start of physical works: e) Amount of compensation paid to each PAP (if in cash) or the nature of the compensation (if in kind); f) Number of people complaining about each specific sub-project (bridge); g) Number of unsatisfied complaints. The PIU SCINHP analyses these statistics to determine whether the resettlement planning measures specified in the RAP are being implemented. Based on the principles of objectivity, it is necessary to ensure that the staff who do this check are not the same staff who prepared the report. They warn the World Bank team if there are any discrepancies. PIU SCINHP maintains financial accounting for the calculation of the final cost of resettlement and the issuance of compensation per individual or household. Statistics are also provided for audit purposes. PIU SCINHP contains a complete database on every individual affected by the requirements of the Project in the field of land use, including displacement, resettlement and compensation, the impact on the land or damage, and it provides a copy to the state authorities in jamoats/villages. Each time land is used by a Project, the database is updated to determine whether the impact of the project results in the loss of viability by the individual or household and the right to compensation or alternative solutions. Periodic reports on the database are sent to the public authorities in the jamoats/villages and the World Bank. They become part of the official documents of the project. The impact of resettlement is measured through the collection of follow-up data, six months after the implementation of all sub-projects. This practice determines whether the PAPs are in the same position as they were before the Project, and if not – whether their living conditions have deteriorated as a result of the Project's activities, and what measures may be needed to remedy this situation. Reporting During the preparation and implementation of the RAP, the World Bank is regularly provided with monthly reporting by the PIU (PIG) SCINHP, detailing the preparatory activities, emerging issues, progress, etc. This is in addition to the regular progress reports prepared by the PIU.